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Public
BU Additives
Technical Marketing Waxes
22.07.2016
Clariant Waxes for PVC Processing GENERAL
Ing. Contreras Plata Enrique in representation of Clariant Division of Plastics additives
Public
BU Additives
Technical Marketing Waxes
22.07.2016
Clariant Waxes for PVC Processing CONTENT
PRODUCTS
APPLICATIONS
PERFORMANCE
BU Additives, Technical Marketing Waxes, 22.07.2016
Montan Waxes - Unique Lubricants for PVC Processing
Public, Clariant Waxes for PVC - General 3
Drop point
[°C]
Acid value
[mg KOH/g]
Licowax® E ~ 81 ~ 18
Licowax OP ~ 99 ~ 12
Licolub® WE 4 ~ 80 ~ 26
Licolub WM 31 ~ 74 ~ 12
Licolub WE 40 ~ 76 ~ 20
+
Ca
n
COOH = Fatty acid ~ C18
= CO-function (polar) COOH = Montanic acid ~ C30
® Trademark registered by Clariant in numerous countries
BU Additives, Technical Marketing Waxes, 22.07.2016
Polar Lubricants for PVC Processing
Drop point
[°C]
Viscosity
[mPa*s]
Acid value
[mg KOH/g]
Licowax PED 191 ~123 ~ 1800
(140 °C) ~ 17
Licolub H 12 /
Licowax PED 521 ~104
~ 350
(120 °C) ~ 17
Licowax C /
Licolub FA 1 veg. based ~ 142 - ~ 8
= Alkyl chain * Softening point
4 Public, Clariant Waxes for PVC - General
BU Additives, Technical Marketing Waxes, 22.07.2016
Non-Polar Lubricants for PVC Processing
Drop point
[°C]
Viscosity
[mPa*s]
Licowax PE 190 ~135* ~25.000
(140 °C)
Licowax PE 520 ~120 ~ 650 (140 °C)
Licolub H 4 ~111 < 10
(120 °C)
Licocene® PE 4201 ~ 128 ~ 60
(140 °C)
Licocene PP 6102 ~ 145 ~ 60
(170 °C)
= Alkyl chain * Softening point
5 Public, Clariant Waxes for PVC - General
BU Additives, Technical Marketing Waxes, 22.07.2016
Montan Waxes - Unique Lubricants for PVC Processing
Public, Clariant Waxes for PVC - General 6
Flow Promotion Broad lubricating
(internal and external)
Effects Benefits
High melt strength
Low volatility
High compatibility
Release Effect
Dimensional Stability
No Condensed Precipitates/no mold deposits
Surface Properties (smoothness, printability)
High Transparency
No plate out
High Vicat Value /Heat Distortion Temperature
Public
BU Additives
Technical Marketing Waxes
22.07.2016
Clariant Waxes for PVC Processing APPLICATIONS
BU Additives, Technical Marketing Waxes, 22.07.2016
Application & Effects of Clariant Waxes in PVC
Public, Clariant Waxes for PVC - General 8
Effects
Applications
Processing Surface
Shear dependent
viscosity control
Antisticking Slip Antiblock
1a) PVC Film Rigid
Calender
Sn-stab.; Ca/Zn-stab.
WE 4 / E / WM 31 WE 4 / E / WM 31 C/FA 1 veg.
Extrusion / Calendrette
Sn-stab.
WE 4 / E / WM 31 WE 4 / E / WM 31 C/FA 1 veg.
Extruded / blown film
Sn-stab.
E H 12 C/FA 1 veg.
Ca/Zn-stab. OP / E OP / E C/FA 1 veg.
1b) PVC Film Flexible WE 4 / H 12 C/FA 1 veg.
2) Non Food Applications WE 40 WE 40 C/FA 1 veg.
3) Injection Molding OP / E / WM 31 OP / E / WM 31
BU Additives, Technical Marketing Waxes, 22.07.2016
Effects of Clariant Waxes in PVC Extrusion
Public, Clariant Waxes for PVC - General 9
Effects
Applications
Processing Surface
Shear dependent
viscosity control
Antisticking / Gelation /
Machine load
Gloss
4) PVC Profile
Ca/Zn-stabilized WE 40 H 12
PED 191
PE 520
PP 6102 / PE 4201
PE 520
PP 6102 / PE 4201
OBS-stabilized WE 40 H 12
PED 191
PE 520
PP 6102 / PE 4201
PE 520
PP 6102 / PE 4201
5) PVC Pipe
Ca/Zn-stabilized H 12 PE 520
PP 6102 / PE 4201
PE 520
PP 6102 / PE 4201
Organic based
Stabilizer
H 12 PE 520
PP 6102 / PE 4201
PE 520
PP 6102 / PE 4201
Public
BU Additives
Technical Marketing Waxes
22.07.2016
Clariant Waxes for PVC Processing PERFORMANCE
BU Additives, Technical Marketing Waxes, 22.07.2016
Volatility (TGA) of Lubricants for PVC Lowest volatility with montanic esters compared to stearic esters
Public, Clariant Waxes for PVC - General 11
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
180 200 220 240 260 280
Vo
tality
[%
]
Temperatur [°C]
GMS (FAE)
FACE / FAE
FACE
Licowax E
Licolub WE 4
Licowax OP
Licolub WE 40
Weight: 500 mg
Surface: 3 cm²
Heating rate: 120 K/h
Atmosphere: 1 l air/min,
BU Additives, Technical Marketing Waxes, 22.07.2016
Influence of Lubricants on Melt Strength Highest melt Strength with montanic esters compared to stearic esters
Public, Clariant Waxes for PVC - General 12
0
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
F [
cN
]
v [cm/s]
Tensile Stress Capacity of a Ca/Zn-Stabilized PVC Melt
Licolub WE 4
Licolub WE 40
Licowax E
FAE
FACE
Göttfert ®Rheotens
(screw Ø 30 mm; gradient 4:2; die Ø 5 mm
temperature: 140/160/175/190 °C
acceleration 6 cm/s2)
Basic formulation:
S-PVC, k value 60 100,0 parts
Ca-12-Hydroxy Stearate 0,3 phr
Zn-Stearate 0,1 phr
Epoxidized Soyabean Oil 3,0 phr
ß-Diketone 0,3 phr
Lubricant 0,5 phr
BU Additives, Technical Marketing Waxes, 22.07.2016
Vicat Softening Point of Different Lubricants Highest Vicat values with Licowax E
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
without Glycerol dioleate Mixture of fattyacid complexesters (Gl 2)
Licowax E Licolub WM 31
Formulation:
Vinnolit S 3160 100 phr
Octyl tin stabilizer 1,5 phr
Processing Aid (Arcylate) 1 phr
Test product 1 phr
Parameters:
(according to DIN EN ISO 306)
Initial temp.: 30 °C
Heating rate: 50 K/h
Method: B (50 N)
VN 107078-080
13 Public, Clariant Waxes for PVC - General
Public
BU Additives
Technical Marketing Waxes
22.07.2016
Clariant Waxes for PVC Processing FILM COMPOUNDS
BU Additives, Technical Marketing Waxes, 22.07.2016
Release Effect in Sn-Stabilized PVC Film Compound
Licolub WM 31 shows excellent external lubrication and anti-sticking
Public, Clariant Waxes for PVC - General 15
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400
Sti
ck
ing
po
we
r
Time [sec.]
Licowax E
Licolub WE 4
Licolub WM 31
Formulation:
S-PVC, k value 60 100 phr
Sn-Octyl mercaptide 1,5 phr
MBS Impact modifier 5,0 phr
PMMA Processing aid 1,0 phr
GDO 0,3 phr
Lubricant 0,3 phr
Collin Two Roll Mill
220 g, 195 °C, 15/20 rpm
BU Additives, Technical Marketing Waxes, 22.07.2016
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
Sti
ck
ing
po
we
r
Time [sec.] FACE / FAE
Licowax E
Release Effect in Sn-Stabilized PVC Film Compound
Licowax E show excellent anti-sticking
Public, Clariant Waxes for PVC - General 16
Formulation:
S-PVC, k value 60 100 phr
Sn-Octyl mercaptide 1,5 phr
MBS Impact modifier 5,0 phr
PMMA Processing aid 1,0 phr
GDO 0,3 phr
Lubricant 0,3 phr
Collin Two Roll Mill
220 g, 195 °C, 15/20 rpm
BU Additives, Technical Marketing Waxes, 22.07.2016
17
Transparency in Sn-Stabilized PVC Film Compound
Higher transparency with all montanic acid esters vs. fatty acid esters
76
78
80
82
84
86
88
90
Licowax E Licolub WE 4 Licolub WM 31 FACE/FAE
Tra
ns
pa
ren
cy [
%]
0,5 mm 2 mm
Formulation:
100,0 parts M-PVC, k value 60
8,0 phr MBS Impact modifier
1,2 phr PMMA Processing aid
1,2 phr Sn-Octyl mercaptide
0,5 phr GDO
0,3 phr Lubricant
0,5 and 2 mm pressed plates
BU Additives, Technical Marketing Waxes, 22.07.2016
Release Effect and Gelation in Sn-Stab. PVC Film Compound
Better external release effect and fast geleation vs. fatty acid ester mix
Public, Clariant Waxes for PVC - General 18
0
4
8
12
16
20
FACE/FAE/Ca-Soap
Licowax OP
Tim
e t
o s
tic
kin
g [
min
.]
0
30
60
90
120
150
FACE/FAE/Ca-Soap
Licowax OP
Fu
sio
n t
ime
[s
ec
.]
Haake kneader (40 rpm, 140°C, 63 g)
Basic formulation:
S-PVC, k value 60 100,0 parts
Sn-Octyl mercaptide 1,5 phr
MBS Impact modifier 8,0 phr
PMMA Processing aid 1,0 phr
GDO 0,6 phr
External lubricant 0,5 phr
Two roll mill (190 °C, 16,7/20 rpm)
BU Additives, Technical Marketing Waxes, 22.07.2016
Release Effect in Ca/Zn-Stabilized PVC Film Compound
Better anti-sticking/external lubrication of montanic esters vs. FACE/FAE
Public, Clariant Waxes for PVC - General 19
Formulation:
S-PVC, k value 60 100 phr
Ca/Zn Stabilizer 3,0 phr
MBS Impact modifier 5,0 phr
PMMA Processing aid 1,0 phr
GDO 0,3 phr
Lubricant 0,3 phr
Collin Two Roll Mill
220 g, 195 °C, 15/20 rpm
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
800 1000 1200 1400 1600
Sti
ck
ing
po
we
r
time [sec.]
Licowax E
FACE/FAE
Licolub WE 4
BU Additives, Technical Marketing Waxes, 22.07.2016
Clariant Waxes for PVC Processing Film Compounds - Summary
– All Montan Waxes provide better anti-sticking performance than fatty
acid complex ester mixtures
– Licolub WE 4 performs best
– Transparency is excellent
Public, Clariant Waxes for PVC - General 20
Public
BU Additives
Technical Marketing Waxes
22.07.2016
Clariant Waxes for PVC Processing PROFILE / PIPES
COMPOUNDS
BU Additives, Technical Marketing Waxes, 22.07.2016
PVC Pipes - Replacement of FT Paraffins, Ca/Zn-Stabilized
Lower pressure and torque vs. FT paraffins…
Public, Clariant Waxes for PVC - General 22
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
Pressure p1 Pressure p3 Pressure p4 Pressure p5
Pre
ss
ure
[b
ar]
Pressure along the barrel
0,3 / 0,05 phr FT80/FT1
0,35 phr Licocene PE 4201
0,35 phr Licocene PP 6102
Formulation: phr
S-PVC, k value 68 100,0
CaCO3 (90T) 15,0
Ca/Zn Core stabilizer 1,18
Test products 0,35
Extrusion Parameters:
Single Screw Laboratory Extruder: Collin E 30M, L/D= 25/1;
Round section Die; Temp.: 170-180-190-195-195 °C
Die : 195-195 °C; Speed: n= 60 rpm
BU Additives, Technical Marketing Waxes, 22.07.2016
PVC Pipes - Replacement of FT Paraffins, Ca/Zn-Stabilized
…and lower energy consumption of the extruder with Licocene
Public, Clariant Waxes for PVC - General 23
Formulation: phr
S-PVC, k value 68 100,0
CaCO3 (90T) 15,0
Ca/Zn Core stabilizer 1,18
Test products 0,35
Extrusion Parameters:
Single Screw Laboratory Extruder: Collin E 30M, L/D= 25/1;
Round section Die; Temp.: 170-180-190-195-195 °C
Die : 195-195 °C; Speed: n= 60/80/90 rpm
0.06
0.065
0.07
0.075
0.08
0.085
0.09
0.095
0.1
0.105
50 60 70 80 90 100
E-v
alu
e [
KW
h/k
g]
Screw Speed [1/min]
Energy consumption at different screw speeds
0,3 / 0,05 phr C80/H1
0,35 phr Licocene PE 4201
0,35 phr Licocene PP 6102
BU Additives, Technical Marketing Waxes, 22.07.2016
PVC Pipes - Replacement of Paraffins, Sn-Stabilized
Lower pressure with lower dosage of Licocene PP 6102 …
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
p1 p2 p3 p4 p5
Pre
ssu
re [b
ar]
Pressure along the barrel
1 phr Hydrocarbon wax 1 phr Licocene PP 6102
1 phr Licocene PE 4201 0,7 phr Licocene PP 6102
S-PVC k-value 57 100,0 phr
Sn-butyl-stabilizer 1,3 phr
TiO2 8,0 phr
Chalk 6,0 phr
Impact modifier 5,0 phr
Processing aid 1,0 phr
Ox. PE-wax 0,5 phr
Test products 1,0 – 0,7
Public, Clariant Waxes for PVC - General 24
Extrusiometer E 30 M
D= 30 mm, 25 L/D
n= 30 rpm,
180-185-190-200-210°C
round-section die: 215°C
BU Additives, Technical Marketing Waxes, 22.07.2016
PVC Pipes - Replacement of Paraffins, Sn-Stabilized
… and lower energy consumption/higher output
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0
2
4
6
8
10
E-v
alu
e [
kW
h/k
g]
Ou
tpu
t [k
g/h
]
Energy consumption and Output
Output
E-value
Public, Clariant Waxes for PVC - General 25
Extrusiometer E 30 M
D= 30 mm, 25 L/D
n= 30 rpm,
180-185-190-200-210°C
round-section die: 215°C
BU Additives, Technical Marketing Waxes, 22.07.2016
PVC Profiles [Ca/Zn] – Metallocene vs. Standard PO Waxes
Lower pressure and torque with Licocene …
Public, Clariant Waxes for PVC - General 26
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
p1 p2 p3 p4 p5
Pre
ss
ure
[b
ar]
Pressure along the barrel
0,3 phr standard PE wax
0,2 phr Licocene PE 4201
0,2 phrLicocene PP 6102
0,3 phr Licocene PP 6102
0,3 phr Licocene PE 4201
Formulation:
S-PVC k-value 68 100 phr
Ca/Zn-Stabilizer compound 2,4 phr
Impact modifier 7 phr
Processing aid 1 phr
TiO2 4 phr
Chalk 6 phr
Di stearyl phthalate 0,5 phr
Calcium stearate 0,5 phr
Oxidized PE-wax 0,2 phr
Test product 0,2 - 0,3 phr
Extrusiometer E 30 M D= 30, 25 L/D, n= 30 rpm, Temp: 180-185-190-195-195°C, round-section die:195°C
BU Additives, Technical Marketing Waxes, 22.07.2016
PVC Profiles [Ca/Zn] – Metallocene vs. Standard PO Waxes
… and lower torque + similar output vs. standard PE wax
Public, Clariant Waxes for PVC - General 27
Formulation:
S-PVC k-value 68 100 phr
Ca/Zn-Stabilizer compound 2,4 phr
Impact modifier 7 phr
Processing aid 1 phr
TiO2 4 phr
Chalk 6 phr
Di stearyl phthalate 0,5 phr
Calcium stearate 0,5 phr
Oxidized PE-wax 0,2 phr
Test product 0,2 - 0,3 phr
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
20
25
30
35
40
45
standard PEwax
Licocene PP6102
Licocene PE4201
Licocene PP6102
Licocene PE4201
To
rqu
e [
%]
Ou
tpu
t [k
g/h
]
Output
Torque
Dosage: 0,3 phr Dosage: 0,2 phr
Weber DS 48 190, D= 48 mm, 17 L/D, n= 25 rpm, Temperature: 190-194-195°C, profile die: 195°C
BU Additives, Technical Marketing Waxes, 22.07.2016
PVC Profiles [Ca/Zn] – Licolub WE 40 Performance
… and lower energy consumption with WE 40!
Public, Clariant Waxes for PVC - General 28
Formulation:
S-PVC k-value 68 100 phr
Ca/Zn-Stabilizer compound 2,4 phr
Impact modifier 7 phr
Processing aid 1 phr
TiO2 4 phr
Chalk 5 phr
Di stearyl phthalate 0,4 phr
Oxidized PE-wax 0,15 phr
PE Wax 0,20 phr
Test product 0,3 phr
Weber CE 3Z, D= 52 – 24 mm, n= 30 rpm, Temperature: 185-185-185-185°C, flat die: 190 °C (VN99498ff)
0.08
0.085
0.09
0.095
0.1
without 30 rpm without 45 rpm Licolub WE 4030 rpm
Licolub WE 4045 rpm
e -
Va
lue
[k
Wh
/kg
]
Energy Consumption / Twin Screw
BU Additives, Technical Marketing Waxes, 22.07.2016
PVC Profiles [Ca/Zn] – Licolub WE 40 Performance
Higher output and faster gelation vs. fatty acid complex ester
Public, Clariant Waxes for PVC - General 29
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0,3 phr FACE+ 0,2 phr Licowax PE 520
0,3 phr Licolub WE 40+ 0,2 phr Licowax PE 520
Fu
sio
n t
ime
[m
in]
Ou
tpu
t [g
/min
]
Output
Fusion timeExtrusiometer
(70-180-190-195°C,
screw 5/2, die 75/5, 60 rpm)
Basic formulation:
S-PVC, k value 64, impact mod, 100,0 phr
Ca-Stearate 0,5 phr
Zn-Stearate 1,0 phr
Hydrotalcit 1,0 phr
ß-Diketone 0,6 phr
Di-Trimethylol Propane 0,5 phr
Phenolic Antioxidant 0,1 phr
Brabender® Plastogram
(35 g, 150°C, 40 rpm)
BU Additives, Technical Marketing Waxes, 22.07.2016
Clariant Waxes for PVC Processing Profile / Pipes Compounds - Summary – Pipes:
Licocene PP 6102 is an excellent FT replacement with
room for dosage reduction and plate out minimizing
– Profiles:
- Licocene PP 6102 performs outstanding compared to standard PE
waxes with saving opportunities
- Licolub WE 40 shows lower energy consumption, fast gelation
combined with high Vicat Softening Temperature resp. Heat Distortion
Temperature.
Public, Clariant Waxes for PVC - General 30