Chapters 1 & 2 Review

Multiple Choice Test # 1

Which philosopher most clearly rejected the idea that the mind is separable from the

body?

a. Plato

b. Socra

tes

c. Aris

totle

d. Desca

rtes

0% 0%0%0%

1. a. Plato2. b. Socrates3. c. Aristotle4. d. Descartes

Compared with the structuralists, early behaviorists were much less likely to focus on the study of:

a. smilin

g.

b. screaming.

c. fighting.

d. thinkin

g.

0% 0%0%0%

1. a. smiling.2. b. screaming.3. c. fighting.4. d. thinking.

3. Debates as to whether alcohol abuse is biologically determined or culturally

influenced are most relevant to the issue of:

a. nature versu

s nurtu

re

b. corre

lation versus c

au...

c. behavior v

ersus m

enta...

d. structu

ralism ve

rsus f

...

0% 0%0%0%

1. a. nature versus nurture2. b. correlation versus

causation.3. c. behavior versus

mental processes.4. d. structuralism versus

functionalism.

Understanding why the fear of darkness may have contributed to the survival of our human ancestors is most relevant to

the ________ perspective.

a. behav

ioral

b. cognitive

c. evolutionary

d. psych

odynamic

0% 0%0%0%

1. a. behavioral2. b. cognitive3. c. evolutionary4. d. psychodynamic

Stacey suggests that because children are more impulsive than adults, they will

have more difficulty controlling their anger. Stacey's prediction regarding

anger management exemplifies

an hypothesis.

b. the hindsig

ht bias.

c. ill

usory co

rrelation.

d. the fa

lse co

nsensus e

f...

0% 0%0%0%

1. an hypothesis.2. b. the hindsight bias.3. c. illusory correlation.4. d. the false consensus

effect.

Which method offers the most reliable way of assessing whether athletic performance

is boosted by caffeine consumption?

a. the su

rvey

b. the ca

se st

udy

c. th

e experim

ent

d. naturalisti

c obse

rvation

0% 0%0%0%

1. a. the survey2. b. the case study3. c. the experiment4. d. naturalistic

observation

In an experimental study of the extent to which mental alertness is inhibited by sleep

deprivation, alertness would be the:

a. contro

l condition.

b. independent v

ariable.

c. experim

ental condition.

d. dependent v

ariable

0% 0%0%0%

1. a. control condition.2. b. independent variable.3. c. experimental

condition.4. d. dependent variable

Edward Titchener used the research method known as:

a. SQ3R.

b. psych

oanalysis.

c. in

trosp

ection.

d. masse

d practice

.

e. natural se

lection

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. a. SQ3R.2. b. psychoanalysis.3. c. introspection.4. d. massed practice.5. e. natural selection

Which school of psychology was most clearly concerned with the adaptive value of complex

mental processes

a Structu

ralism

b. behavioris

m

c. psych

oanalys

is

d. functi

onalism

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1. a Structuralism2. b. behaviorism3. c. psychoanalysis4. d. functionalism

Psychological theories:

a. orga

nize sc

ientific obs..

.

b. explain obse

rved facts

.

c. generate hyp

otheses.

d. do all o

f the above.

0% 0%0%0%

1. a. organize scientific observations.

2. b. explain observed facts.

3. c. generate hypotheses.

4. d. do all of the above.

Which research method runs the greatest risk of collecting evidence that may be

unrepresentative of what is generally true?

a. naturalisti

c observa

tion

b. the ca

se st

udy

c. experim

entation

d. the su

rvey

0% 0%0%0%

1. a. naturalistic observation

2. b. the case study3. c. experimentation4. d. the survey

Surveys are most likely to indicate that reckless behavior and self-control are

a. independent v

ariables.

b. positi

vely co

rrelat

ed.

c. dependent v

ariables.

d. nega

tively co

rrelated

0% 0%0%0%

1. a. independent variables.

2. b. positively correlated.3. c. dependent variables.4. d. negatively correlated

A tendency to notice and remember instances in which our premonitions of disaster are

subsequently followed by harmful events is most likely to contribute to:

a. random assi

gnment.

b. the hindsig

ht bias.

c. ill

usory co

rrelations.

d. the place

bo effect.

0% 0%0%0%

1. a. random assignment.

2. b. the hindsight bias.3. c. illusory correlations.4. d. the placebo effect.

Researchers control factors that might influence a dependent variable by means of:

A. random assi

gnment.

b. replic

ation.

c. naturalis

tic observa

tion.

d. operational

definitions.

0% 0%0%0%

1. A. random assignment.2. b. replication.3. c. naturalistic

observation.4. d. operational

definitions.

In an experimental study of the effects of dieting on weight loss, dieting

would be the:

a. contro

l condition

b. independent v

ariable.

c. operational d

efinition.

d. dependent v

ariable.

e. place

bo

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. a. control condition2. b. independent variable.3. c. operational

definition.4. d. dependent variable.5. e. placebo

An axon transmits messages ________ the cell body and a dendrite transmits messages ________ the cell

body.

a. away fro

m; toward

b. away f

rom; away fro

m

c. to

ward; away fro

m

d. toward; to

ward

0% 0%0%0%

1. a. away from; toward2. b. away from; away

from3. c. toward; away from4. d. toward; toward

Depressed mood states are linked to ________ levels of serotonin and

________ levels of nor epinephrine.

a. low; lo

w

b. high

; high

c. lo

w; high

d. high

; low

0% 0%0%0%

1. a. low; low2. b. high; high3. c. low; high4. d. high; low

A drug that blocks the reuptake of a particular neurotransmitter is called a(n):

a. opiat

e.

b. antagonist

.

c. glutamate.

d. agonist

.

0% 0%0%0%

1. a. opiate.2. b. antagonist.3. c. glutamate.4. d. agonist.

The peripheral nervous system consists of:

a. asso

ciation areas.

b. the sp

inal cord.

c. th

e reticu

lar form

ation.

d. senso

ry and m

otor ...

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1. a. association areas.2. b. the spinal cord.3. c. the reticular

formation.4. d. sensory and motor

neurons.

The autonomic nervous system most directly controls:

a. speech

production.

b. thinkin

g and m

emory.

c. st

omach co

ntracti

ons.

d. move

ment of th

e arm...

0% 0%0%0%

1. a. speech production.2. b. thinking and

memory.3. c. stomach

contractions.4. d. movement of the

arms and legs.

Research has suggested that a reward deficiency syndrome may contribute to

a. inso

mnia.

b. alco

holism.

c. sc

hizophrenia.

d. Park

inson's d

isease

.

0% 0%0%0%

1. a. insomnia.2. b. alcoholism.3. c. schizophrenia.4. d. Parkinson's

disease.

In which of the following parts of the brain would a lesion most likely result

in aphasia

a. corpus c

allosu

m

b. amygd

ala

c. hyp

othalamus

d. Wernick

e's area

e. cerebellu

m

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. a. corpus callosum2. b. amygdala3. c. hypothalamus4. d. Wernicke's area5. e. cerebellum

Drugs that block the reuptake of serotonin will thereby increase the concentration of

serotonin molecules in the:

a. axon te

rminals.

b. synap

tic gaps.

c. glia

l cells.

d. endocri

ne glands.

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1. a. axon terminals.2. b. synaptic gaps.3. c. glial cells.4. d. endocrine

glands.

In stressful situations, the sympathetic nervous system ________ the arteries of the circulatory

system and ________ the pupils of the eyes.

a. contra

cts; d

ilates

b. dila

tes; contra

cts

c. co

ntracts

; contra

cts

d. dila

tes; dila

tes

0% 0%0%0%

1. a. contracts; dilates2. b. dilates; contracts3. c. contracts; contracts4. d. dilates; dilates