8/6/2019 Chapter 9 Partea 1

1/4

CHAPTER 99.1. WAYS OF EXPRESSING FUTURITY

SIMPLE PRESENT PRESENT CONTINUOUS SIMPLE FUTURE FUTURE CONTINUOUS1. for a future action to talk about a plan , in if-clauses andtime-clauses :Ill be able to live on my ownif I find a good job.My husband and I will take onthose jobs when we finish the

postgraduate course.

1. for future actions in makingplans :We are going away for theweekend.We are repairing the car nextweek.(Weve already made the plan)

1. for a future action as part of aprogram (no interest is taken inthe development of the action):Between 6 and 8 I ll look over the contract, I ll sign and stampit.

1. for a future action as part of aprogram , which will be in full

progress between two time points:Ill be reading in the librarybetween 9 and 12 tomorrow .- as a polite way of asking aboutsmbs plans to show that wedont want to influence them:Will you be visiting the castle

tomorrow?2. for an action that will take

place according to an officialagreement :I arrive on the first of March(as we agreed)

2. for future arrangements :We re spending a few days inthe mountains. (it has beenarranged)We are dinning with theJohnsons tomorrow (theinvitation has been given andaccepted)

2. for an action which willsimply take place in the future:We ll visit two museums andwill do some shoppingtomorrow.

typical mistake :The Browns will come to dinner.

2. for future arrangementsstress being laid on thedevelopment of the actionwithin a future interval/ period:Ill be helping my brother tomorrow morning .

3. typical mistake (with

intentions )I see him tomorrow.

3. with intentions :

Im seeing John tomorrowmorning .How long are you stayinghere?

(colloquial)

3. for an action which will

happen in the future:We shall travel to London next week .How long will you stay here?

(formal)

3. for an intended action which

will be in full progress within acertain interval/period:Ill be working on it the wholeafternoon .Ill be staying here for threemore days .

108

8/6/2019 Chapter 9 Partea 1

2/4

4. a firm decision , a squareaction with verbs of movement ( come , go , leave ,

start ), i.e. the action is sureto take place:They go to take the goods inthe morning.We leave early tomorrow(we are sure to leave, nomatter the circumstances).

4. a decision made a fewmoments before:I think I m going to bed.

We are leaving early tomorrow(it is our intention, but we maychange our minds, we have nottaken a firm decision).

4. a decision made at themoment of speaking:I think I ll go to bed.

I think I ll call him up rightaway.We ll leave for Timisoara in

July . (it will happen in July)

4. a decision made for an actionwhich will be in full progresswithin a certain interval/period:

Ill be reading these two novelsthis week /these days .We ll be chatting over a cup of tea tomorrow afternoon .- to suggest that a future action hasalready been decided :Prof. D. Snelling will be givinganother lecture on simultaneousinterpreting next Friday .

5. for a future action as part

of a timetable :The plane takes off at 6 10.The train leaves at 4 20.

5. in spoken English with verbs

of movement ( come , go , leave ,start )He s coming over by 5tomorrow .

5. for an action that will take

place at/round a time point(no interest is taken in thedevelopment of the action):He ll come over at / by fivetomorrow .

5. for an action that will be in full

progress round a future time point:Ill be flying to Timioara by 11tomorrow .

6.

No corresponding value

6.

No corresponding value

6. With two simultaneousactions in the future (nointerest in the development of the actions):Ill be here tomorrow morning

when you arrive and I ll haveall the papers you need.

With an action in full progress inthe future, interrupted by another action expressed by a time pointverb:Ill be laying the books on the

shelves when you come in theafternoon.7.

No corresponding value

7.

No corresponding value

7. for repeated actions , withadverbs of frequency andindefinite time (in simplestatements):She will go to the gym halltwice a week .

7. for repeated actions , withadverbs of frequency to expressadmiration, surprise , irritation :She ll be going to the gym hallthree times a week .

109

8/6/2019 Chapter 9 Partea 1

3/4

8.

No corresponding value

8.

No corresponding value

8.

No corresponding value

8.when duration of a future actionis pointed out, with adverbs suchas:

all day long tomorrow

the whole afternoonthe whole week

He will be learning all day long tomorrow .

9. No corresponding value

9. No corresponding value

9. No corresponding value

9. strong probability :He will be having much fun at the

party tonight.

110

8/6/2019 Chapter 9 Partea 1

4/4

9.2. WAYS OF EXPRESSING FUTURITY

SIMPLE FUTURE FUTURE CONTINUOUS FUTURE PERFECT FUTURE PERFECTCONTINUOUS

1. for an action which willhappen (at a given moment) inthe future:I will write the letters at/bynoon . (six oclock)

1. for an action which will bein full progress at/round agiven future moment :I will be writing the lettersat/by noon/ six oclock.

1. for an action which will befinished before a given futuremoment :I will have written the lettersby six a clock.voi termina de scrisvoi fi gata cuvoi fi scris

1. the progress of a futureaction which will be finished

before a given moment in thefuture, or will be interrupted byanother future actionI think I ll have been writingfor a few hours when you comeback .Voi avea/vor trece cteva orede cnd scriu n momentul n

care vei veni.2. for a action that will take

place in the future:Ill work on that topic next

year .

2. for an action which will bein full progress within afuture period :Ill be working on that next week/all day long tomorrow.

2. for an action which will befinished at the end of a futureperiod :Ill have worked out these

problems by next Friday.

2.the action will be over beforea future interval/ moment :Ill have been working herefor 25 years this autumn .Se vor mplini/face de cndlucrezVor fi trecut de cndlucrez

3.

No corresponding value

3. for an action which will be

in full progress till a certainfuture moment (stress is laid onthe development of theaction):Ill be writing the essay till 5oclock/till you come .(Ill be doing that till then)

3. for an action which will be

finished before a certain futuremoment/action (stress is laidon the result of the action):Ill have written the essay by5 oclock/when you come .(Ill be ready then).

3.

See use 1.

111