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CHAPTER 7
Imperialism
Imperialism & Our Motives
IMPERIALISM: THE EFFORT TO TAKE OVER OTHER LANDS
Three motives for taking over Economic Interests: Need new customers &
raw materials Military Needs: Want land for naval bases to
refuel Different Ideologies:
NATIONALISM: Extreme love of Country CULTURAL SUPERIORITY: Thinking we are better
than others
Sugar Cane becomes Rum… and other things
Iron Ore becomes steel
Tobacco becomes…tobacco
Collins Type II
What were the three motives for Imperialism?
Make sure to describe each!
Annexation of Hawaii
American Sugar-Farmers in Hawaii were rich, and wanted more power
Planters wanted to overthrow the monarchy to take over Hawaii
BAYONET CONSTITUTION: Forced king to sign a new constitution at gunpoint Took away Hawaiian's right to vote Gave the US Pearl Harbor
President William McKinley supported annexation, congress approved in 1898, and Hawaii became a territory, then state in 1959
China & Japan
In 1895 Japan took over island of Taiwan
Russia, Germany, France, and Great Britain took over other Asian areas
SPHERE OF INFLUENCE: GEOGRAPHIC AREA WHERE OUTSIDE NATIONS HAVE CONTROL
United States felt left out and asked for an
OPEN DOOR POLICY: GIVE ALL NATIONS EQUAL TRADING RIGHTS IN CHINA
Other countries say: you snooze, you lose
?
Boxer Rebellion
Chinese began to resent outside influence
Secret group called the “Boxers” began attacking foreign missionaries
Boxers attacked capital city Beijing Western nations rushed in (including the
US) and China had to sign a peace agreement
Influence in Japan
Modernization In 1854 Japan started to trade with the US Transformed self into an industrialized nation Built up a strong military After taking over Taiwan, Japan eyed up Korea and
Manchuria 1904: Russo-Japanese War fought between Russia
and Japan over Manchuria Theodore Roosevelt came and negotiated a peace
treaty Won the Nobel Peace Prize!
Japan emerged the clear victor and world power Strongest power in East Asia
Spanish American War
Jose Marti tried to overthrow Spain
YELLOW JOURNALISM: SENSATIONAL REPORTING OF SPANISH MISRULE
De Lome Letter: Called McKinley weak
“Remember the Maine!” 266 dead, battle cry
Battle in the Philippines
Teddy Roosevelt had secret orders: Navy, get ready to attack the Philippines
when war is declared! Battle of Manilla Bay:
Victory without anyone dying
Cuba
Ill Equipped Soldiers Wool uniforms Canned food from Civil
War Rough Riders:
Teddy Roosevelt, cowboys, ranchers, miners
Buffalo Soldiers Experienced African
American soldiers San Juan Hill: Rough
Riders, Buffalo soldiers rushed up hill
Results:
Spain: lost Cuba &
Holdings in the West
USA: Won Cuba!
Philippines: Under US Rule
Roosevelt in Latin American
Platt Amendment: Part of Cuba’s new constitution Limited Cuba’s ability to sign
treaties US has right to get involved in
Cuba’s business Made Cuba a:
PROTECTORATE: country under control/protection of another
Roosevelt in Latin American
Puerto Rico: was it a protectorate? NO! Made a territory 1998: referendum voted to
stay terr. Foraker Act: US would
appoint Governor and Upper House Puerto Rico picks lower house
Panama Canal
Faster way from Atlantic to Pacific
French started bankrupt
TR supported plan rebellion against Colombia
Malaria killed many 44,000 workers 1914, completed
Monroe Doctrine
Said that the Western Hemisphere was closed
ROOSEVELT COROLLARY: ANY WRONG DOING IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE MAY FORCE US INTO POLICE ACTION
Dollar Diplomacy
Taft Promote US
economic interests in other countries
(bought out European loans)
1914: US spent $1.6 Billion