Upload
yunie-yusnaini
View
222
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
1/31
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
2/31
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
3/31
Organisms that are made up of only one cell
Unicellular organisms in the animal kingdom are
amoeba and paramecium Unicellular organisms in the plant kingdom are
pleurococcus, euglena, chlamydomonas and yeast
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
4/31
Organisms which have more than one cell.
Multicellular organisms in the animal kingdom are
mammals, amphibians, reptiles, birds and hydra Multicellular organisms in the plant kingdom are mosses,
algae and ferns.
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
5/31
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
6/31
Human beings are complex living things becausethe human body is made up of 50-60 trillion cells.Human cells are specialized. They perform certain
specific functions. There is also division of labour.
Each cell, tissue, organ and system has its own
functions. Human beings have the most developedbrain. As a result, they think and solve problems,
decide between right and wrong, invent new things
and adapt themselves to their surroundings.
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
7/31
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
8/31
*Cells of the same type joined together are calledtissues.
*Different tissues are joined together to form
organs.*Various organs are arranged into an organ system.
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
9/31
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
10/31
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
11/31
A group of cells of the same shape and structure and
performing one particular function is called tissue.
Tissues contain cells which have experienced
growth, adaption and changes in their features inorder to be able to perform a particular function.
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
12/31
There are four major types of tissues in the humanbody namely epithelium tissue, connective tissue,
muscle tissue and nerve tissue.
Type of tissue Structure Functions Examples
Epithelium tissue It is made up ofepithelial cellswhich are arragedclosely and inlayers.
Protects thetissues beneath it.
Endothelium(cavities lining) andepithelium(external surfacelining)
Connective tissues It consist oftransparent,
semifluidsubstances thatcontains manyelastic and nonelastic fibres.
Connect one tissueto another tissue.
Supports organs inthe body.
Fat tissues, bones,cartilage, blood
tissues.
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
13/31
Type of tissue Structure Functions Examples
Muscle tissue It consists ofelongated cellsthat has theability to relax and
contract
Enables themovement ofbody parts
Smooth muscle,cardiac(heart)muscle, skeletalmuscles
Nerve tissue It is formed frombasic units calledneurone cell
Carries nerveimpulses(message) from one part ofbody to another.
Enables body torespond to stimuli
Nerve fibres in thebrain and thesprain cord.
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
14/31
A group of different tissues which work together to carry out
a particular life process is called an organ. For example,
skin is an organ formed of epithelium tissues, connective
tissues, muscle tissues and nerve tissues. Examples of other
human organs are stomach, lungs, heart, kidney and brain.
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
15/31
Ear:Detects sound stimulus Liver:Breaks down excessive
proteins Kidney:Excretes waste products
Small Intestine:Digested foodsubstances
Large Intestine:Absorb water
Brain:Controls various activitiesof the body
Nose:Detect smell stimuli Lungs:Carried out gas exchange
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
16/31
Heart: Pumps blood to other parts of the body.
Stomach: Digest food substancesOvary: Produce ovum in women
Testes: Produces sperm cells in men
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
17/31
A group of organ that co-operate to perform a
certain function of life process is known as a
system.
A body system as a whole enables humans to
carry out life process normally and more
efficiently.
There are ten main system in the human body.
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
18/31
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
19/31
Breaks down complex food
into simple substances for easy
absorption by body cells.
Ways to look after:
*Consume easily digestive
food*Drinks a lot of water and
avoid alcohol
*Eat at regular hours
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
20/31
Transport oxygen anddigested food to the body
Ways to look after:
~Exercise regularly
~Avoid food rich incholesterol
~Consume food rich with
iron(ferrum)
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
21/31
Inhale oxygen into the
body and exhale
carbon dioxide out of
the body.
Ways of looking after:
~Stay away fromsmoking
~Breathe in fresh air
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
22/31
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
23/31
Provide supports andprotection to softinternal organs
Ways to look after:
*Adopt correct bodyposture.*Consume food rich incalcium, phosphorus
and vitamin D.
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
24/31
Helps in movement
of body parts
Ways to look after:
+Exercise regularly
+Do not lift heavyobjects
+Adopt correct
body posture
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
25/31
Reproductive System Produce offspring to
continue the generation
Ways to look after:
*Do not be sexually
Promiscuous
*Always take care of
personal hygiene
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
26/31
Excretory system
Dispose waste
from the body
Ways to lookafter:
Drink a lot of
water
Reduce intake
of salty food
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
27/31
Nervous System
o
o
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
28/31
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
29/31
All system in the body works together to produce a life process that
produce an independent organism.
Cells organisms allows different types of work in body to work more
smoothly and efficiently
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
30/31
Human considered to be acomplex organism because they
have various type of cellsorganized to form tissues,organs and systems.
7/29/2019 chapter 2 form 1
31/31