Chapter 15 Cellular Respiration 5

7/30/2019 Chapter 15 Cellular Respiration 5

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15.1: Types of respiration: aerobic and

anaerobic

15.2 : Aerobic respiration

15.3 : Anaerobic respiration :

fermentation and application

Electrons

carried

via NADH

Electrons carried

via NADH and

FADH2

Citric

acid

cycle

Pyruvate

oxidation

Acetyl CoA

Glycolysis

Glucose Pyruvate

Oxidative

phosphorylation:

electron transport

and

chemiosmosis

CYTOSOL MITOCHONDRION

ATP ATP ATP

Substrate-level

phosphorylation

Substrate-level

phosphorylation

Oxidative

phosphorylation

A sequence ofelectron

carrier molecules

(membrane proteins)

that shuttle electrons

down a series of redox

reactions that release

energy used to make

ATP

(Campbell,9th edition)

(carrying electrons from food)

INTERMEMBRANE

SPACE

MITOCHONDRIAL MATRIX

H

H

H

2 H + 1/2 O2 H2O

NAD

FADH2 FAD

Q

NADH

I

II

III

IV

Cyt c

NADH

dehydrogenase Ubiquinone

(Coenzyme

Q)

Cytochrome bc1

(reductase)

Cytochrome C

Cytochrome c

oxidase

Succinate

dehydrogenase

The Electron Transport

Chain
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7

Explain chemiosmosis: proton motive force

At the end of this subtopic, students should able to :

Review:

Oxidative Phosphorylation

What is Oxidative Phosphorylation?

The Formation of ATP through combination of

Proton (Hydrogen ions) Pumping by Electron

Transport Chain and the action ofATP Synthase.

2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

Scott Freeman. Biological Science. 2ndedition. International edition. page 194.

Pearson.Prentice Hall.

A membrane-bound enzyme in chloroplast and

mitochondria that uses the energy of protons

flowing through it to synthesize ATP.

What is ATP Synthase?

A membrane-bound enzyme in chloroplastsand mitochondria that uses the energy of

protons flowing through it to synthesize ATP.


Scott Freeman. Biological Science. 2ndedition. International edition. Pears on.Prentice Hall.

Intermembrane space Rotor StatorH

Internal

rodCatalytic

knob

ADP+P i

ATP

Mitochondrial matrix

ATP Synthase


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How does the mitochondrion couple this

electron transport and energy release to

ATP synthesis?

The production of ATP via proton movement,

through ATP synthase across a membrane,driven by a proton gradient.

What is Chemiosmosis?

Scott Freeman. Biological Science. 2ndedition. International edition. Pearson Prentice Hall.

Chemiosmosis:

The Energy-Coupling Mechanism

The chain uses the exergonic flow of electron to pumpH+ from the mitochondrial matrix to the

intermembrane space of mitochondrion. 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

Protein complex

of electron

carriers


INTERMEMBRANE

SPACE


H

H H

2 H + 1/2 O2 H2O

NAD

FADH2 FAD

Q

NADH

I

II

III

IV

Cyt c


INTERMEMBR

SPACE

MITOCHONDRIAL MATR

H

H H

2 H + 1/2 O2H2O

NAD

FADH2 FAD

Q

NADH

I

II

III

IV

Cyt c

Proton Gradient

Concentration of H+ is higher in intermembrane space.

High H+ concentration also tend to drive proton back in

by diffusion. 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

H

H

H

H

H

H

H

H

H H H

H H

Proton Gradient

Positively charge protons are attracted to the matrix (more

negative)

But its occurs very slow membrane impermeable to ions 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.


INTERMEMBRANE

SPACE


H

H H

2 H + 1/2 O2 H2O

NAD

FADH2 FAD

Q

NADH

I

II

III

IV

Cyt c

H

H

H

H

H

H

H H

H H H

H H

--

-

-


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The H+ gradient results is

referred to as a proton

motive force.Most of protons that reenter

the matrix instead pass

through ATP Synthase.

ATP Synthase uses the

energy of the proton

gradient to catalyze the

synthesis of ATP from ADP

and Pi.

INTER-

MEMBRANE

SPACE

H ADP + P i

MITO-

CHONDRIAL

MATRIX

ATP

synthase

H

ATP

Proton Motive Force

Slide number: 21


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A membrane-bound enzyme in chloroplast and

mitochondria that uses the energy of protonsflowing through it to synthesize ATP.


Explain complete oxidation of one

molecule of glucose in active cells

Anaerobic respiration : fermentation

and its application

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Chapter 15 Cellular Respiration 5