Chapter 13 – Urban America

Test Review

Vocabulary Review

1. was a philosophy that believed wealthy Americans bore the responsibility of using their fortunes to further social progress.

A. Social DarwinismB. RealismC. Gospel of WealthD. Individualism

2. Immigrant children became knowledgeable about American culture at public schools—a process known as .

A. Americanization.B. nativism.C. Social Darwinism.D. individualism.

3. The rapid increase in the money supply without an increase in the amount of goods for sale caused , or the decline in the value of money.

A. goldbugs B. silveritesC. deflationD. inflation

4. The was an informal political group that provided services in return for votes and political power.

A. party bossesB. political machineC. PopulistsD. Grange

5. The was one method of segregation used in the South after the Civil War.

A. cooperative B. poll taxC. tenement D. graft

Reviewing Main Ideas

Section 1 (pgs. 442-447)

6. In the late nineteenth century, many labor unions opposed immigration, arguing that immigrants .

A. would work for higher wages.B. eased financial drains on social services.C. assimilated into American culture.D. would accept jobs as strikebreakers.

Section 1 (pgs. 442-447)

7. What was the major reason for Chinese immigration to the United States in the early nineteenth century?.

A. Many Chinese were escaping severe unemployment and famine.

B. Many Chinese were escaping religious persecution.C. Many Chinese left to avoid required military service.D. Many Chinese left to escape the class system and move up

the social ladder.

Section 2 (pgs. 450-455)

8. Working class individuals residing in cities usually lived .

A. in the streetcar suburbs.B. in tenements.C. in fashionable downtown districts.D. away from the central city.

Section 2 (pgs. 450-455)

9. Who was the leader of Tammany Hall during the 1860s and 1870s?.

A. Thomas NastB. James PendergastC. William TweedD. Thomas Pendergast

Section 3 (pgs. 458-467)

10. The nineteenth-century philosophy of Social Darwinism maintained that .

A. the government should have control over the means of production and the marketplace.

B. all social class distinctions in American society should be eliminated.

C. economic success comes to those who are the hardest working and most competent.

D. wealth and income should be more equally distributed.

Section 3 (pgs. 458-467)

11. The Interstate Commerce Act (1887) was designed to regulate interstate commerce by requiring .

A. railroads to increase rebates to high-volume users.B. railroads to charge higher rates for short hauls.C. states to regulate interstate railroad traffic.D. the federal government to regulate railroad rates.

Section 4 (pgs. 470-475)

12. Populists supported federal ownership of railroads because they thought the government would .

A. increase access to railroads in rural areas.B. make the trains run on time.C. manage the railroads in the public interest.D. collect enough revenue to allow it to eliminate the

graduated income tax.

Section 5 (pgs. 476-481)

13. The ruling from Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) was based on the Supreme Court’s interpretation of the .

A. necessary and proper clause from Article I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution.

B. free speech provision of the First Amendment.C. equal protection clause of the in the Fourteenth

Amendment.D. voting rights provision in the Fifteenth Amendment.

Critical Thinking

Directions: Choose the BEST answer.

14. In 1890 the Populists formed the People’s Party and supported .

A. the subtreasury plan where farmers could store crops in warehouses to force prices up.

B. limited governmental regulations for the railroad companies.

C. the election of senators by state legislatures.D. the free coinage of gold.

Use the chart, and the information from Chapter 13to answer question 15.

15. What happened to crop prices between 1870 & 1880?

A. The price of cotton increased as the price of wheat and corn decreased. B. The price of wheat, corn, and cotton increased.C. The price of cotton, wheat, and corn

stayed the same afterinitial increase.

D. The price of wheatsignificantly decreasedas the price of cottondecreased steadily.

Directions: Choose the BEST answer.

16. Which of the following is associated with The Gospel of Wealth?

A. survival of the fittestB. laissez-faireC. unregulated competitionD. philanthrophy

Analyze the cartoon and answer the questions thatfollow.

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Directions: Choose the BEST answer.

17. What does the cartoon express about immigrants coming to the United States?.

A. Immigrants were welcome in the United States.B. Immigrants had to pass by dogs to gain entry.C. Anarchists, Socialists, and Communists were welcome.D. Anarchists, Socialists, and Communists were not

welcome.Picture

Directions: Choose the BEST answer.

18. The “new immigrants” to the United States between 1890 and 1915 came primarily from .

A. southern and eastern Europe.B. northern and western Europe.C. East Asia.D. Latin America.

Document-Based QuestionsDirections:

Analyze the document and answer the questions that follow.

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Directions: Choose the BEST answer.

19. According to the editorial, what effect did immigration have on the nation’s economy?

A. It had a positive effect by increasing prosperity for ocean steamers, railroads, and manufacturing.

B. It had a negative impact decreasing prosperity for ocean steamers, railroads, and manufacturing.

C. It did not impact the prosperity of the nation’s economy at all.D. None of these.

Document

Directions: Choose the BEST answer.

20. How is the editorial’s view of the effects of immigration different from that of the nativists?

A. The editorial views immigration in a negative light focusing on the economic drawbacks, while nativists viewed immigration positively due to the benefits they felt immigrants brought.

B. The editorial views immigration in a positive light focusing on the economic benefits, while nativists viewed immigration negatively due to the cultural and economic threats they felt immigrants brought.

C. Depending on who you ask, both A and B.D. Neither A nor B.

Document

Essay QuestionsAnswer two (2) of the following questions completely and accurately. (Use textbook, notes, etc. to get information)

1) Describe the reasons why Europeans immigrated to the United States in the late 1800s.

2) Define “deflation” and explain why it hurts farmers.3) Describe the problems of urban living in the late 1800s,

and explain their causes.4) Summarize the ideas of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B.

DuBois on how to address discrimination against African Americans.