CH. 11: AGE OF IMPERIALISM

1800-1920

Unit 4:Industrialization and Nationalism

Imperialism: the act of one nation/people extending its control/influence over that of weaker nations/peoples, socially, politically and/or economically.

Sec. 1: The British in IndiaSetting the StageA. By late 1700s, Europe began

moving into Asia and AfricaB. Made possible by…

1. Superior technology (esp. weaponry)2. Previous empires in these areas were

becoming weaker

Reasons for European Expansion in Asia and Africa

1. Superior TechnologyA. Steam-powered gunboats, repeating rifles,

machine guns, railroads, etc.

Hiram Maxim and his early machine gun

2. Weakening EmpiresA. Mughal Empire (India) after 1707B. Ottoman Empire (Turkey & Middle East)

during 1700sC. Qing Dynasty (China) by late 1700s

British East India Company

The British take Control

A. Br. East India Co. (privately-owned) took over from Mughal Empire & ruled India by 1800

B. Changes made to Indian society strained relations1. Est. schools to teach

English2. Banned some Indian

customs (sati)3. Pushed Christianity on

natives (Hindu)

2. Sepoy Rebellion (1857)

A. Sepoy = Indian soldiers in British army

B. Problem over British cartridges greased in pork & beef fat; broke into full-scale rebellion

C. Resulted in British govt. taking control from East India Co.

D. Worsened relations between Indians and British

India as a British Colony 1. The Raj (rule)

A. Britain governed India through the Indian Civil Service (ICS)

B. Allowed Indians little to no say

C. British saw themselves as superior (segregation/prejudice)

D. British saw their rule as beneficial Erected railroads, canals, roads Education, missionary work

Rise of Indian Nationalism1. Indian Frustration

A. India being exploited for raw materialsB. Prejudice & exclusion from govt.

2. Ram Mohun Roy (1820s)A. Argued for Indian pride & civil rights

3. Indian National Congress (1885)A. Pushed for more participation in ICSB. Became more radical in early 1900s due to

perceived attempt by British to partition IndiaC. Boycott of British goods (swadeshi

movement)D. British gave in to certain demands