Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

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Two Ways To Get Food● Autotrophs

– Auto = self– “troph” = food– Autotrophs make their own food

● Heterotrophs– Hetero = different– “troph” = food– Heterotrophs get their food from something else (they

have to eat it)

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Two Ways to Get Food● Autotrophs

– Plants● Heterotrophs

– Animals

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Where does energy come from? How is energy converted, used/re-used?

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Photosynthesis

● Converts the sun’s energy into chemical energy stored in sugar.

● Takes place in specialized structures inside plant cells called CHLOROPLAST

● Chlorophyll is the pigment that absorbs sunlight.

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Photosynthesis ReactionIt happens in the plant’s CHLOROPLAST

● 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 (Glucose) + 6O2

REACTANTS -----> PRODUCTS

Reactants and Products are always equal

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Photosynthesis Chemical Reaction● 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2

● Why are reactants and products always equal in a chemical reaction?

● What are the reactants? products?● Why are these products important?● The food plants make is called glucose (sugar).● We eat the glucose (sugar) in plants.● The oxygen gas supports life.

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Photosynthesis● 2 different reactions

– Light Reactions● Capture light energy for photosynthesis

– Calvin Cycle● Produces glucose sugar

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Inside a Chloroplast

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Inside the ChloroplastATP

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleotide, also called a nucleoside triphosphate, is a small molecule used in cells as a coenzyme. It is often referred to as the "molecular unit of currency" of intracellular energy transfer. ATP transports chemical energy within cells for metabolism.

NADP

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, abbreviated NADP⁺ or, in older notation, TPN, is a cofactor used in anabolic reactions, such as lipid and nucleic acid synthesis, which require NADPH as a reducing agent

ADP

When the third phosphate is removed from ATP, you get ADP, which stands for Adenosine Di Phosphate. With just 2 phosphates left, the molecule has much less chemical energy, because the high energy bond between the last 2 phosphates has been broken.

Photosynthesis Video Link

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3pD68uxRLkM

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Cellular RespirationCells Breathing

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Cellular Respiration Overview● Depends on whether or not there is oxygen● Aero = oxygen● Aerobic Respiration – the process of producing

cellular energy involving oxygen. Cells break down food in the mitochondria in a long, multistep process that produces roughly 36 ATP.

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Cellular Respiration Overview● Depends on whether or not there is oxygen● Aero = oxygen● Anaerobic Respiration – Anaerobic respiration is

the process of producing cellular energy without oxygen. Anaerobic respiration is a relatively fast reaction and produces 2 ATP, which is far fewer than aerobic respiration.

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Cellular Respiration● Happens in both plant and animal cells● It takes place in the mitochondria for Eukaryotic Cells● It takes place in the cytoplasm for Prokaryotic Cells● Overall Reaction:

C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP REACTANTS -----> PRODUCTS

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Explain the Stages of Cellular RespirationHow is ATP produced?

16 2 ATP + 2 ATP + 34 ATP = 36 / 38 ATP

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Cellular Respiration Video Linkhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=00jbG_cfGuQ

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