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CELL DIVISION: MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS GUIDED NOTES
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Outline • Section 1: Quick Cell Talk • Section 2: Cell Division • Section 3: Mitosis • Section 4: Meiosis • Section 5: Mitosis vs. Meiosis
Section 1: Quick Cell Talk
• Focus Questions: o What are cells?
o List the two types of cells.
o What is the major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? Cells
• __________________________________________________________________________ • Living things are made of one or more cells. • Two types:
o ________________________________________________ o ________________________________________________
Prokaryotic
• Cell with _________________________________________________ • Has DNA, but isn't contained by a membrane • Bacteria
Eukaryotic
• Cell _____________________________________________________ • DNA is contained within nuclear membrane • Plant and animal cells
Section 2: Cell Division
• Focus Questions: o Describe cell division.
o Why do cells divide?
o What are the 3 types of cell division?
o Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells go through which type of cell division?
CELL DIVISION: MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS GUIDED NOTES
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Cell Division • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________
o ___________________________________________ = cell BEFORE division o ___________________________________________ = two cells AFTER division
Why Cell Division?
• __________________________ o More cells = larger organism
• __________________________ o Cells get damaged or destroyed
• __________________________ o Some organisms divide to reproduce
3 Different Forms: Cell Division
• ____________________________________ • ____________________________________ • ____________________________________
Cell & Division Type
• Prokaryotic o ____________________________________
• Eukaryotic o ____________________________________ o ____________________________________
Section 3: Mitosis
• Focus Questions: o What is mitosis?
o Why is mitosis important?
o Describe the process of mitosis. Cell Cycle
• Interphase o G1 – S – G2
• Mitosis o P – M – A – T
Interphase
• ____________________________________________________________________ o DNA is copied o Cell grows larger
• Cells spend most of their time in this section of the cell cycle Mitosis
• ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ o 1 Parent cell -> 2 Daughter cells
• "______________________________" = ___________________________________________________________________ • Growth and repair • Mitosis Animation
CELL DIVISION: MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS GUIDED NOTES
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Mitosis • How does your body heal after this?
Steps of Mitosis
• P___________________________ • M___________________________ • A___________________________ • T___________________________
o C___________________________ Prophase
• Chromosomes condense and become visible • Nuclear membrane disappears
Metaphase
• Chromosomes line up in middle of cell • Fibers connect to chromosomes
Anaphase
• Chromosome copies divide • Pulled apart and move to opposite ends of cell
Telophase
• Chromosomes in two separate sides • Nuclear membranes appear • Cells prepare to divide
Cytokinesis
• Separate fully • Cells go back into interphase
Section 4: Meiosis
• Focus Questions: o What is meiosis?
o Why is meiosis important?
o Describe the process of meiosis.
CELL DIVISION: MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS GUIDED NOTES
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Meiosis • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________
o 1 parent cell -> 4 daughter cells • "___________________________________" = ______________________________________________________________ • Reproduction/Fertilization • Provides great genetic diversity • Meiosis Animation
Stages of Meiosis
• Meiosis I • Meiosis II
Meiosis I
• Cell divides, resulting in 2 cells • Basically the same process as mitosis, but...
o _____________________________________________________ = DNA is mixed, creating greater genetic diversity Meiosis II
• After Meiosis I, 2 cells divide again, resulting in 4 different cells o Each new cell has 23 chromosomes
Section 5: Mitosis vs. Meiosis
• Focus Questions: o Explain how are mitosis and meiosis similar.
o Describe the differences between mitosis and meiosis.
Similarities
• Produce new cells through _________________________________________________ • Start with ____________________________________________________________________________________________ • Use similar process __________________________________
Differences
• Mitosis o Creates new “________________________________” for growth and repair o ___________________________________________ o _____________________________________________________________________________________________
• Meiosis o Creates “__________________________________” for reproduction/fertilization o __________________________________________ o _____________________________________________________________________________________________