MOBILE FLOOR HYDRAULIC CRANE

GROUP MEMBERSZohaib Alam WarraichGhufran AhmedFarhan MujahidKhurram Noor Ghauri

SUPERVISORLt Col(R) Mahmood ul

Hasan, TI(M)

AIM OF PROJECT:• The aim of this project is to gain theoretical and practical

knowledge of some simple mechanical cranes designs stability.

• Simple cranes parts included in our projects are hydraulic actuators, outriggers and horizontal and vertical booms to lift the load.

• We aim to fabricate a mobile floor hydraulic crane which can carry load upto 100 kg.

INTRODUCTION: A crane is a type of machine, generally equipped with a

hoist, wire ropes or chains, and sheaves, that can be used both to lift and lower materials and to move them horizontally. It is mainly used for lifting heavy things and transporting them to other places.

BRIEF HISTORY The first construction cranes were invented by the Ancient Greeks and were powered by men or beasts of burden such as donkeys. These cranes were used for the construction of tall buildings. Larger cranes were later developed, employing the use of human tread wheels, permitting the lifting of heavier weights.

SINGLE TREAD WHEEL CRANE DOUBLE TREAD WHEEL CRANE

MODERN AGES

•The earliest steam crane being introduced in the 18th or 19th century.

• In the late 20 century, cranes usually use Internal combustion engines Electric motors Hydraulic systems

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

There are two major considerations that are taken into account in the design of cranes.

• Lifting Capacity

• Stability

LIFTING CAPACITY

• LEVER: The principle of the lever allows a heavy load

attached to the shorter end of the beam to be lifted by a smaller force is applied in the opposite direction to the longer end of the beam.

•Pulley: The pulley system delivers a force to the load

that is equal to the applied force multiplied by the number of lengths of cable passing between the two blocks.

•Hydraulic Cylinder: This can be used directly to lift the load or

indirectly to move the jib or beam that carries another lifting device.

STABILITY OF CRANE:

In order for a crane to be stable, the sum of all moments about any point such as the base of the crane must equate to zero. In practice, the magnitude of load that is permitted to be lifted (called the "rated load" in the U.S.) is some value less than the load that will cause the crane to tip.

TYPES OF CRANES

Following are the main types of the cranes TOWER CRANES WALL CRANES OVERHEAD CRANES GANTRY CRANES MOBILE CRANES 1

•LATTICE BOOM CRANES

2

•TELESCOPIC BOOM CRANES

3

•KNUCKLE BOOM CRANES

TOWER CRANES

WALL CRANES

OVERHEAD CRANES

GANTRY CRANES

MOBILE CRANE

Types of Mobile Crane

Lattice Boom Crane

Telescopic Boom Crane

Knuckle Boom Crane

SCOPEWe defined our scope as; To design and fabricate a mobile floor hydraulic crane which can carry load

upto 100 kg and which can be attached to back of pick-up trucks with suitable end effectors.

SCREENING OF CONCEPTS

WEIGHTED MATRIX

RATING MATRIX

Telescopic Crane Parts:

Base plate/Truck/Pallet Vertical column Horizontal arm Outriggers Telescopic boom Actuators Hook Nuts and Bolts Wheels 

Base Plate/Truck/Pallet:• It is a plate that serves as a base or

support. It is used for carrying the overall weight of the project.

Vertical Column:• This is mounted on the pallet/base

plate/truck in longitudinal or Y-direction. • It consists of a short handle which is

welded to the vertical column for 360◦ rotation of the column so that the load can be dropped at the required position.

Horizontal Column:• It is fixed horizontal arm on which our

hydraulic piston and cylinder is mounted.

COMPONENTS:

Outriggers:• Outriggers are projecting frame extending laterally beyond the main

structure of a crane to stabilize the structure.• The outriggers keep the crane balanced during a lift.

Types of Outriggers:

COMPONENTS:

Manual Outrigger

Hydraulic Outrigger

• There are two types of telescopic Boom

Telescopic Boom:

Box Type Round type

Hydraulic Actuators are of two types:

 1) Linear Actuators: Linear actuators as the name suggest are used to move to

an object in a straight line.

2) Rotary actuators: rotary actuators are the hydraulic actuators equivalent to an electric motors.

 For moving second joint of the crane, we need to use linear actuators, linear

actuators are of two kind: 

Actuators:

Single acting actuator

Double acting actuators

Components:

Hook:

• Hook is fixed with the secondary horizontal arm. Hook is used for attaching the load to secondary horizontal arm which moves up and down due which the connected loads are lifted and rotates.

Nuts and Bolts:

• Nuts and bolts are the hardware fasteners which are used to fasten the various different parts .

Wheels:• A wheel is a circular component that is intended to

rotate on an axial bearing. The wheel is one of the main components of the wheel and axle which is one of the six simple machines.

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES• ADVANTAGES

• Most Powerful Means Of Lifting Objects• Extremely Stable In Use• Very Easy To Maintain• A Very Versatile Tool• Quite Simple Design

DISADVANTAGES• Person Could Be Injured By Load Falling From Hook.• Person Could Be Injured By Load Dropping Due To Rope Failure. • Person Could Be Injured By The Crane Tipping Over• Person Could Be Injured By Being Struck By The Load• It Cannot Lift Weight Greater Than 100 Kg.• It Is Not Remote Control

RISK ASSESSMENTA Project Risk Assessment was carried out to find and evaluate risks associated with

the project. It was needed so as to inform the project group of any risks that could possibly lead to failure of the project.

The overall risk assessment was carried out in the following steps: 1. Risk identification.2. Risk assessment.3. Decision on risk management for high percentage risks.

Re-assessment of high percentage risks after consideration of risk management. Likelihood, Impact and Risk is based on the following criteria: 1=Low 2=Medium 3=High The risk is then evaluated using the following equation. Likelihood x Impact x (1.1/10) x 100 = % Risk 

PROJECT RISK STATEMENT• The project assessment helps us to identify the

various risks that could be the encountered while doing the project.

• These risks might result in delays or termination of the project.

• All the risks associated with the proposed project have been identified.

• We have considered the likelihood and the consequences of an event occurring and identified the medium to extreme risks.

 

PROJECT COST

GANNT TABLE & CHART

THANK YOU