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Caucasus Barometer (CB)
Public Perceptions on Political, Social, and Economic issues in the South Caucasus Countries
Some findings from the CRRC 2015 data
April 15, 2016 Yerevan
[email protected] www.crrc.am
www.crrccenters.org www.caucasusbarometer.org
Methodology • 4114 people in Armenia and Georgia;
• Representative of total adult (18+) population;
• Proportional representation of demographic and geographic groups;
• Multi-stage cluster sampling, sampling error is ± 2.3%;
• Household selection: Random walk method;
• Respondent selection: Kish table;
• Face-to-face interviews in local languages.
Note: Figures in all following charts are shown as percentage of total (%) if not stated otherwise.
• Social palette
• Internal affairs
• Economic palette
• External affairs
Outline
Social palette
Demographic characteristics of respondents Distribution by settlement type
33
35
32
Capital Urban Rural
Distribution by education level
Distribution by age group
12
18
15
18
18
20
18-25
26-35
36-45
46-55
56-65
>66
10
29
28
28
5
Incomplete secondary
Completed secondary
Incomplete higher
Completed higher
Post-graduate degree
D8. How often do you use the Internet? (CB 2009-2015)
42
32
26
22
14
6
14
12
9
8
7
4
3
2
3
2
3
3
5
5
6
5
7
6
33
48
53
60
67
71
3
1
2
2
1
8
1
2
2015
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
Every day At least once a weekAt least once a month Less oftenNever I don't know what the Internet isDK/RA
P16. Important for a good citizen to…
68
42
81
85
84
90
94
48
51
69
77
84
87
87
27
54
16
13
14
9
5
44
43
28
21
15
13
12
5
4
3
2
2
1
8
6
4
2
1
1
be critical towards the government
support the government on every occasion
do volunteer work
always obey laws
vote in elections
protect traditions
support people who are worse off
be critical towards the government
support the government on every occasion
do volunteer work
always obey laws
vote in elections
protect traditions
support people who are worse off
Ge
org
iaA
rme
nia
Important Not important DK/RA
N2. Would you say that most people in country can be trusted?
5
11
23 22
39
8
14
27
19
33
Most people can betrusted
4 3 2 you can't be toocareful
Armenia Georgia
N11. How likely/unlikely is it for you to receive some help from your close relatives, friends, neighbors in the following matters? (CB 2012-2015)
15
29
24
22
47
33
21
45
33
12
18
15
20
19
17
22
23
19
19
21
21
17
15
16
17
15
16
17
13
13
11
7
8
10
8
9
33
16
23
29
12
24
28
8
20
5
2
4
2
1
2
1
1
3
Repair your house or apartment.
Take care of you if you are ill
Lend money for a month to cover your usual expenses
Repair your house or apartment.
Take care of you if you are ill
Lend money for a month to cover your usual expenses
Repair your house or apartment.
Take care of you if you are ill
Lend money for a month to cover your usual expenses
20
12
20
13
20
15
Very likely 4 3 2 Not at all likely DK/RA
P4. How much do you trust /distrust following institutions?
49
46
8
7
6
6
5
5
5
4
4
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
1
27
32
24
34
21
35
19
24
27
23
21
19
17
12
23
8
10
11
7
10
11
23
24
31
25
29
24
26
28
28
30
34
18
37
20
19
26
25
6
5
17
16
10
14
12
17
17
13
13
13
12
18
19
20
19
18
19
6
4
25
18
14
14
15
27
19
14
16
20
17
45
16
45
45
30
41
2
1
3
1
17
6
20
4
6
18
19
14
17
4
3
5
5
12
7
Army
Religios Institution
Local Government
Healthcare System
Ombudsman
Educational Institutions
United Nations
Police
Banks
State Students Admissions Committee
European Union
Central Bank of Armenia
NGO's
President
Media
Parliament
Executive Government
Court System
Political parties
Fully trust Rather trust Neither trust not distrust Rather distrust Distrust DK/RA
P4. How much do you trust/distrust Army? (CB 2010-2015)
49
26
34
32
48
27
35
33
31
29
10
16
13
12
13
6
10
7
9
5
6
11
10
13
4
2
2
3
2
1
2015
2013
2012
2011
2010
Fully trust Rather trust Neither trust not distrust Rather distrust Fully distrust DK/RA
P4. How much do you trust/distrust religious institutions to which
you belong? (CB 2010-2015)
46
41
41
43
35
32
35
34
31
25
11
13
12
11
18
5
4
4
5
6
4
5
5
7
10
1
2
4
3
6
2015
2013
2012
2011
2010
Fully trust Rather trust Neither trust not distrust Rather distrust Fully distrust DK/RA
N10. According to you “Everything in life is determined by
fate” or “People shape their fate themselves”?
32
17
25
8
17
27
12
25
10
24
People shape theirfate themselves
4 3 2 Everything in life isdetermined by fate
Armenia Georgia
Internal affairs
P18. Attitude towards democracy
22
15
17
47
16
35
14
35
DK/RA
For someone like me it doesn't matter
In some circumstances a non-democraticgovernment can be pre
Democracy is preferable to any other kind ofgovernment
Armenia
Georgia
P18. Attitude towards democracy (CB 2011-2015)
35
46
52
57
14
12
12
10
35
32
20
22
15
10
16
11
2015
2013
2012
2011
Democracy is preferable to any other kind of government
In some circumstances a non-democratic government can be pre
For someone like me it doesn't matter
DK/RA
P18. Attitude towards democracy (CB 2011-2015 Georgia)
47
62
65
16
12
8
15
8
8
22
18
19
2015
2013
2012
Democracy is preferable to any other kind of government
In some circumstances a non-democratic government can be pre
For someone like me it doesn't matter
DK/RA
P9. In your opinion “Government should be like a parent” or “Government should be like an employee”?
6
4
19
22
22
27
4
4
9
10
22
51
DK/RA
Agree with neither
Agree very strongly: Government should be like anemployee
Agree: Government should be like an employee
Agree: Government should be like a parent
Agree very strongly: Government should be like a parent
Armenia Georgia
P9. In your opinion “Government should be like a parent” or “Government should be like an employee”? (CB 2010-2015)
51
38
39
42
39
22
33
30
31
31
9
13
13
11
14
10
9
9
8
13
4
3
4
4
2
4
4
5
4
1
2015
2013
2012
2011
2010
Agree very strongly:Government should be like a parentAgree:Government should be like a parentAgree:Government should be like an employeeAgree very strongly: Government should be like an employeeAgree with neitherDon't know
P11. What do you agree with. people should or should not participate in protest actions against the government? (CB 2010-2015)
46
34
31
26
34
25
35
35
29
30
9
15
15
20
19
7
6
5
10
8
5
3
3
5
3
8
7
10
10
6
2015
2013
2012
2011
2010
Agree very strongly: People should participate in protest actions
Agree: People should participate in protest actions
Agree: People should not participate in protest actions
Agree very strongly: People should not participate in protest actions
Agree with neither
DK/RA
P17. How much of a democracy is country today?
16
17
45
20
2
19
31
37
11
2
DK/RA
Not a democracy
A democracy but with major problems
A democracy but with minor problems
A full democracy
Armenia
Georgia
P17. How much of a democracy is Armenia today?
(CB 2011-2015)
2
3
5
5
11
13
17
16
37
35
34
35
32
33
27
29
18
16
16
14
2015
2013
2012
2011
A full democracy A democracy but with minor problems
A democracy but with major problems Not a democracy
DK/RA
P7. Do you think that people like yourself have the right to openly say what they think?
70
25
5
71
18
11
Yes No DK/RA
Armenia Georgia
P7. Do you think or not that people like yourself have the right in Armenia to openly say what they think? (CB 2010-2015)
71
69
69
62
55
25
27
25
32
43
5
4
6
5
3
2015
2013
2012
2011
2010
Yes No DK/RA
P14. The most recent national elections was conducted…
37
6
30
23
9
52
24
19
Georgia
Armenia
Completely fairly To some extent fairly Not at all fairly DK/RA
P18b. To what extent do you support the constitutional reform to be implemented in Armenia?
5
10
26
12
27
7
12
Fully support
Rather support
Neutral
Rather not support
Don't support at all
Have not heard about thisreform
DK/RA
J20_ARM. How much do you support the introduction of the cumulative pension system in Armenia?
J20_ARM. how much do you support or not the introduction of the cumulative pension system in Armenia? (participants of cumulative pension system, % in total)
1
8
18
17
49
8
Strongly support
Rather support
Neutral
Rather don't support
Do not support at all
DK/RA
4
14
11
14
56
1
Strongly support
Rather support
Neutral
Rather don't support
Do not support at all
DK/RA
P1a In which direction the country's domestic politics are going?
19
10
29
27
12
2
17
28
18
31
5
1
DK/RA
Politics is definitely going in the wrong direction
Politics is going mainly in the wrong direction
Politics does not change at all
Politics is going mainly in the right direction
Politics is definitely going in the right direction
Armenia
Georgoa
Economic palette
P5a. What do you think is the most important issue facing Armenia at the moment?
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
3
4
5
5
16
51
1
5
1
6
4
2
1
5
2
1
2
2
6
4
17
40
DK/RA
Emigration
Unfairness of elections
Corruption
Unfairness of courts
Low wages
Violation of human rights
Low quality of education
Problematic relations with Russia
Lack of peace in the country
Unaffordability of healthcare
Other
Political instability in the country
Rising prices / Inflation
Unsolved territorial conflicts
Low pensions
Poverty
Unemployment
Armenia
Georgia
P5a. What do you think is the most important issue facing Armenia at the moment? (CB 2008-2015)
40
44
44
42
44
29
27
17
17
17
17
11
13
13
6
5
5
6
7
18
20
5
3
2
3
10
7
4
3
5
5
3
5
15
2
1
1
1
2
6
3
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
2
2
2
1
2
1
2 1
1
1
1
1
2 1
3
2
4
6
7
6
2
6
6
3
3
3
5
4
2
4
4
5
5
3
2
5
5
7
1
3
5
4
3
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
2015
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
Unemployment PovertyCorruption Lack of peace in the countryLow pensions Unaffordability of healthcarePolitical instability in the country Unfairness of courtsUnfairness of elections Violation of human rightsViolation of property rights Low quality of educationProblematic relations with Russia Rising prices / InflationUnsolved territorial conflicts Low wagesEmigration OtherDK/RA
J1. Primary activity or situation (CB 2011-2015)
24
22
22
25
3
3
3
3
20
22
17
18
16
16
16
16
29
26
28
27
6
10
11
9
2
1
2
1
1
2015
2013
2012
2011
Retired not working Student not working Housewife not working Unemployed
Have a job (employee) Self-employed Disabled Other
J3. Are you currently interested in a job? (unemployed respondents, 62% in total)
38
62
Yes No
J16. The most important factor for getting a good job.
28
21
12
10
8
6
6
4
3
1
Connections
Education
Age
Professional abilities work experience
Appearance
Hard work
Doing favors for the "right" people
Luck
DK/RA
Talent
J10. How satisfied or dissatisfied are you with your job? (CB 2010-2015)
13
11
12
12
13
25
21
20
22
22
37
41
31
37
34
17
14
20
16
15
8
13
16
13
16
2015
2013
2012
2011
2010
Very satisfied Somewhat satisfied In the middle Somewhat dissatisfied Very dissatisfied
N9. How satisfied are you with your own life as a whole nowadays?
11
22
37
17
15
8
15
35
18
23
Very satisfied Somewhat satisfied In the middle Somewhat dissatisfied Very dissatisfied
Armenia Georgia
N9.How satisfied are you with your own life as a whole nowadays? (CB 2010-2015)
11
13
11
9
10
22
18
18
18
16
37
35
35
36
35
17
15
17
17
20
15
19
18
20
17
1
1
2015
2013
2012
2011
2010
Completely satisfied 4 3 2 Not satisfied at all DK/RA
C6. To which of the following groups does your household income belong? (USD)
C13. What is the minimal monthly income that would enable your household live a normal life? (USD)
0
2
10
21
38
16
5
9
1
1
7
15
33
24
5
13
More than USD 1200
USD 801 - 1200
USD 401 - 800
USD 251 - 400
USD 101 - 250
USD 51- 100
Up to USD 50
DK/RA
Armenia Georgia
16
27
33
14
6
3
11
15
29
26
13
2
1
3
More than USD 1200
USD 801 - 1200
USD 401 - 800
USD 251 - 400
USD 101 - 250
USD 51- 100
Up to USD 50
DK/RA
Armenia Georgia
D17. Would you leave Armenia forever to live somewhere else?
31
28
26
23
26
21
18
67
70
71
73
73
76
79
3
2
3
3
2
2
4
2015
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
Yes No DK/RA
D18. Would you leave Armenia a certain period of time to live somewhere else? (CB 2008-2015)
58
57
54
56
59
51
50
41
42
45
42
40
48
48
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
2015
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
Yes No DK/RA
N7. Do you have a close relative currently living abroad?
92
8
65
34
1
Yes No DK/RA
Armenia Georgia
External affairs
P21. To what extent would you support country’s membership in the EEU?
20 20
14
24
15
6
12
5
7
24
34
18
DK/RADon't support atall
Rather not supportEqually supportand don't support
Rather supportFully support
Georgia Armenia
P21. To what extent would you support Armenia's membership in the EEU?
18
21
34
21
24
19
7
6
5
13
12
20
2015
2013
Fully support Rather support
Equally support and don't support Rather not support
Don't support at all DK/RA
P19. To what extent would you support country’s membership in the NATO?
4
16
33
12 15
19
16
22
27
10 11
15
Fully support Rather support Equally supportand don'tsupport
Rather notsupport
Don't support atall
DK/RA
Armenia Georgia
P19. To what extent would you support Armenia's membership in the NATO? (CB 2011-2015)
16
14
9
4
22
18
16
16
24
26
30
33
9
10
10
12
11
12
16
15
18
20
19
19
2011
2012
2013
2015
Fully support 4 3 2 Don't support at all DK/RA
P20 To what extent would you support country’s membership in the EU?
8
29 27
11 10
14
17
23
28
8 8
15
Fully support Rather support Equally supportand don't support
Rather notsupport
Don't support atall
DK/RA
Armenia Georgia
P20. To what extent would you support Armenia's membership in the EU?
30
25
15
8
31
27
26
29
18
22
24
27
4
5
10
11
4
7
12
10
12
14
12
14
2011
2012
2013
2015
Fully support 4 3 2 Don't support at all DK/RA
P22. Which country is currently main friend of Armenia?
5
1
3
4
8
74
DK/RA
Georgia
Iran
France
None
Russia
P22. Which country is currently main friend of Armenia? (CB 2011-2015)
74
84
79
80
5
4
8
7
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
4
1
2
1
11
3
3
1
4
4
5
4
2015
2013
2012
2011
Russia France Iran Georgia USA No one DK/RA
P23. Which country is currently main enemy of Armenia?
1
1
2
2
19
75
Russia
USA
DK/RA
None
Turkey
Azerbaijan
P23. Which country is currently main enemy of Armenia? (CB 2011-2015)
75
66
61
59
19
29
34
34
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
4
2015
2013
2012
2011
Azerbaijan Turkey USA Russia None Armenia Georgia DK/RA
P23 Which country is currently main enemy of Georgia? (CB 2011-2015)
35
4
2
1
19
38
44
4
3
2
17
32
51
3
2
2
2
41
Russia
USA
Turkey
Other
None
DK/RA
2015 2013 2011
N5. Approval of doing business with…
94
85
67
65
64
63
57
56
48
45
24
15
4
11
21
28
29
26
32
37
43
41
70
81
2
4
12
7
7
11
11
8
9
14
5
4
Armenians
Russians
Americans
Ukranians
Georgians
Italians
Molokans
Kurds/Yazidis
Iranians
Jews
Turks
Azerbaijanis
Approve Disapprove DK/RA
N6. Approval of women marrying with…
98
53
38
38
37
35
23
19
10
4
4
2
46
59
59
60
62
73
76
88
94
94
1
2
2
3
3
3
5
5
2
2
2
Armenians
Russians
Ukranians
Americans
Italians
Georgians
Molokans
Jews
Iranians
Azerbaijanis
Turks
Approve Disapprove DK/RA
P24. The traditions of which regions is closest to the
country's traditions?
35
10
6 8
2 3 3
34
Neighboringcountries inthe SouthCaucasus
Neighboringcountries in
Asia
NorthCaucasus
Europeanpart of Russia(excluding theregions of the
North
EasternEurope
WesternEurope
Other Don't know
P13.Personal trust of the results of public opinion polls conducted in our country
8
17
34
14
20
7
17 17
35
11 11
9
Completely trust 4 3 2 Do not trust at all DK/RA
Armenia Georgia
Thank You!
