THi TH- YHCT1f/ Ninhydrin * NL: Ninhidrin + -A.A ----> f/h xanh tm, gm 2 g: G1: N K + -A.A -->NO + aldehyd + CO2 + NH3 G2: N K + NH3 + NO --> f/h Xanh tm * /d: - Pht hin a.a/ P2 sc k aminoacid trn giy. - nh lng a.a/ P2 sc k aminoacid t ng.2- f/ Biure: 3- L Protein TP HT (Gornall)4- f/ fehling: c trng tnh kh ca Ms5- Pht hin glucose niu6- L glucose mu (PP Folin-Wu).7- L ure mu8- L Creatinin mu9- L Bilirubin TP huyt thanh10- L hemoglobin mu11- Xc nh hot amylase NT (Wohlgemuth).

Cc cht bt thng trong NT* KN: L cc cht bt ko c hoc c N rt thp / NT (ko xc nh c..), khi c /NT th xc nh c = XN HS thng thng.* Cc cht bt thng & c ch XH: 1- Protein: + BT: Ko c P/NT. + BL: - P c KLPT nh -> qua mng lc CT: Protein Bence-Jones/ a u tu xng (P trc thn). - Tn thng CT: Vim CTC, thn h (P do thn) - Do ng dn niu b tn thng ( P sau thn). 2- Glucose: + BT: Ko c + Glucose niu c : . N glucose mu tng cao , > NT (10 mmol/l) -> NT (T do tu) . N glucose M bt, ngng thn -> NT (T do thn). 3- Bilirubin (STM), BT: STM v MM c dng vt ko pht hin c -> ko c. BL: Bilirubin niu (+): (+): tc mt, TB gan t.t -> Bili LH tng-> NT

4- Cc th ceton: - BT: c N rt thp -> Ko c - Ceton niu (+): . N th ceton tng cao, > kh nng "O" c th -> Thn -> NT . i ko di: tng thoi ho lipid d tr (TG) -> tng -oxy ho AB -> tng ceton/M -> Thn -> NT5- Hemoglobin (Hb):+ BT: Ko c. + C = BL: - ph hu HC: . St rt c tnh. thng hn. tan mu do cc NN(rn c cn, G-6PD, N- - Tn thng niu o: U tin LT, Si bng quang, si thn..6- Dng chp: (DC- Chylomicron)BT: Ko c BL: khi h bch mch b tn thng, VD: bnh giun ch, lao thn -> dng chp /NT