Brazil world leader in sugarcane and ethanol knowledge and technology

THE STATE OF SÃO PAULORESEARCH FOUNDATION

Brazil world leaderin sugarcane and

ethanol knowledgeand technology

FAPESP’s contribuition

THE STATE OF SÃO PAULORESEARCH FOUNDATION

Brazil world leaderin sugarcane and

ethanol knowledgeand technology

FAPESP’s contribution

São Paulo – Brazil

2007

THE STATE OF SÃO PAULO RESEARCH FOUNDATION

Celso LaferPresident

Marcos MacariVice-president

BOARD OF TRUSTEES

Celso LaferEduardo Moacyr KriegerHorácio Lafer PivaJosé Arana VarelaJosé de Souza MartinsJosé Tadeu JorgeLuiz Gonzaga BelluzzoMarcos MacariSedi HiranoSuely Vilela SampaioVahan AgopyanYoshiaki Nakano

EXECUTIVE BOARD

Ricardo Renzo BrentaniChief Executive

Carlos Henrique de Brito CruzScientific Director

Joaquim José de Camargo EnglerAdministrative Director

When knowledge turns into wealth

Brazil is the largest producer of ethanol from sugarcane in the world and occupiesthe leadership in technology for its production. The advances in technology havemeant that its productivity is outstanding and the costs of production much lowerthan those of its international competitors. This leadership is due to the long work ofmany years undertaken by researchers in institutions of higher education and researchand in private enterprises, which has resulted in a valuable baggage of knowledge andtechnology on sugarcane and its derivatives and on the process of ethanol manufac-ture. The research has dealt with a variety of themes, such as the genetic improvementof the plant, combating pests, agricultural and harvesting techniques, impact of thecultivation on the environment, and technologies concerning the manufacture ofethanol, including hydrolysis and fermentation.

To maintain the leadership and competitiveness at a time when the world is dis-covering ethanol as an alternative energy source and many countries are investingmassively in the technology of its production, mainly based on cellulose, demandseven greater effort from Brazilian research.

FAPESP has always been attentive to the importance of sugarcane and ethanol tothe State of São Paulo economy, and has continued to make a significant contributionto the advance in scientific knowledge and technology in the sector. Over the courseof its 45 years, the State of São Paulo Research Foundation has supported, and con-tinues to support a large number of research projects centered on diverse topics relat-ed to the sugarcane cultivation, its industrial uses, and to ethanol. These are researchactivities undertaken by means of financial awards for different levels of academictraining, by means of individual grants to researchers or by means of programs gearedto technological research. In 1999, for example, FAPESP created the SugarcaneGenome Project, within the ambit of the FAPESP-Genome program, for the sequenc-ing and analysis of sugarcane genes relating to productivity, resistance to pests anddiseases and climatic variations. Since 2001, in partnership with the Center for SugarTechnology (CTC) and Dedini, FAPESP has supported the Dedini Rapid Hydrolysisprogram for the development of technology for ethanol production via acidic hydrol-ysis on an industrial scale.

Support for research has also been delivered by means of the TechnologicalInnovation in Small Businesses (PIPE) and the Partnership for TechnologicalInnovation (PITE) programs. The latter contemplates agreements for scientificcooperation signed between FAPESP and the Oxiteno and Dedini companies. Underthe first agreement R$ 6 million (approximatelly US$ 3.1 million) will be contributedtowards alcohol-chemical and sugar-chemical research. Under the second agreement,R$ 100 million (approximatelly US$ 52.6 million) will be invested in research gearedto the industrial production of ethanol.

In this publication there is information on research projects into sugarcane,ethanol and other industrial products supported by FAPESP over the last 10 years.

The publication also gathers together a selection of features on the subject pub-lished in the Pesquisa FAPESP magazine.

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FAPESP: promoter of development

The State of São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) is one of the leadingBrazilian agencies for the funding of scientific and technological research. This meansthat FAPESP is the São Paulo State funding body for the generation of knowledge, inall areas. The Foundation’s strategy has three pillars: support for the training ofhuman resources; support for academic research, principally fundamental; and sup-port undertaken with a view to applications. Along with its commitment to the gen-eration of fundamental knowledge, FAPESP has always been concerned, and contin-ues to be concerned with increasing intensity, with the dissemination and applicationof knowledge, acting therefore, as a promoter and inducer of the applications of sci-ence. This means a concern and activity increasingly in tune with the aspirations andneeds of São Paulo and Brazilian society as a whole and with the social and econom-ic development of the country.

To accomplish adequately its support mission for the generation of knowledge,which also assumes the training of qualified human resources, FAPESP has at its dis-posal a line of funding which is dedicated to the awarding of bursaries, at different lev-els of academic training, and financial awards for research, granted to researchingdoctors in institutes of higher education and research in the State of São Paulo.

For research geared towards applications, the Foundation provides support bymeans of the articulation of academic research with research in private enterprise, ingovernment, and by means of the development of research in small businesses. This isundertaken chiefly within the ambit of the Technological Innovation in SmallBusinesses program (PIPE), the Partnership for Technological Innovation program(PITE) and the Research in Public Policies program (PPPP).

PIPE and PITE

Since June 1997, when it was created, to June 2007, PIPE has supported with non-refundable investment more than 700 research projects developed in small businessesin the State of São Paulo. This represents on average the approval of more than oneproject per week. The projects submitted to FAPESP are evaluated by specialists and,if approved, develop in three phases. Phase 1 studies the viability of the proposal.In phase 2, research is carried out to develop a prototype of the innovation sought.Phase 3 is dedicated to the scaled production and commercialization of the productor process developed.

The Partnership for Technological Innovation research program (PITE) was cre-ated by FAPESP in 1994, with the objective of stimulating partnership between uni-versities or research institutes and businesses. It supports projects in two ways:

PITE – Researchers from institutes of higher education and research in the Stateof São Paulo, in partnership with researchers from a business, present a project toFAPESP. The financial support for the research is undertaken by the Foundation withmatch-funding from the business.

PITE agreement – FAPESP signs a scientific cooperation agreement with a business tosupport various research projects related to a theme or area. The agreement establishes atotal value of the funding to be delivered by the institutions in the agreement. Projects canbe submitted through the call for research proposals, by researchers from institutions ofhigher education and research in the State of São Paulo.

Agreements

Scientific cooperation agreements are already operating within the ambit of the PITEprogram:

FAPESP-Dedini agreement to support research into industrial processes for themanufacture of ethanol from sugarcane. Value of R$ 100 million (approximatelly US$52.6 million). Agreement signed on 17 July 2007.

FAPESP-Oxiteno agreement to support research in the areas of alcohol chemistry andsugar chemistry. Value of R$ 6 million (approximatelly US$ 3.1 million). Agreementsigned in November 2006. 23 projects have already been approved for phase 2 of selectionfrom the first call for proposals.

FAPESP-Grupo Ouro Fino agreement to support research in the area of developmentof actives principles and their vehiculation in the area of veterinary pharmaceuticals.Value of R$ 2 million (approximatelly US$ 1 million). Agreement signed in July 2006 andwith 7 projects already approved.

FAPESP-Padtec agreement to support research in telecommunications and opticcommunications. Value of R$ 40 million (approximatelly US$ 21 million). Agreementsigned on 12 June 2007.

FAPESP-Telefônica agreement to support research in information technology (IT)and telecommunications. Value of R$ 12 million (approximatelly US$ 6.3 million).Agreement signed on 26 April 2007.

FAPESP-Microsoft agreement to support research in information and communica-tions technology (ICT). Value of R$ 1,6 million (approximatelly US$ 840 thousand).Agreement signed on 10 April 2007.

PIPE – Technological Innovation in Small Businesses

ADMINISTRATION

1 Consultancy for supply chains on web platform, 15

AGRONOMY

2 Mass rearing and commercialization of Trichogramma spp. and Cotesia flavipesfor the control of agricultural pests, 15

3 Development of bioinsecticide formulations based on the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae, 16

4 Study of effective formulation of conides of the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae for the biological control of pests, 16

AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

5 System for detection and localized application of herbicides in sugarcane, 16

6 Development of a productivity monitor for sugarcane in order to obtain productivity maps for self-propelled harvesters, 17

7 Development of a mechanical aid for the harvesting of sugarcane without prior burning, 17

8 An automatic mapping system of agricultural productivity, 18

9 Automated control of the synchronism between the sugarcane harvester and the transport vehicle, 18

10 Development of a system for monitoring the cutting, loading and transport of sugarcane for fleet management, 19

MATERIALS AND METALLURGIAL ENGINEERING

11 Production and characterization of environmentally degradable polymers (EDPs)based on renewable sources: sugarcane, 19

12 Production of porous parts in high performance alloys, 19

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

13 Development and optimization of integrated ethanol reformation unit for the production of hydrogen, 20

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

14 Refinement of the Vacuum Press filters for the sugar and alcohol industry, 20

15 Advanced system for producing electricity with high efficiency, low cost and non-pollutant, 21

16 Development of an optimization system for the support of management decisions in the sugar-alcohol production chain, 21

CHEMISTRY

17 Development of laser polarimeter-saccharimeter, 22

PITE – The Partnership for Technological Innovation Program

AGRONOMY

1 Development of molecular markers based on sugarcane ESTs for the selection of economically important characteristics, 25

BIOCHEMISTRY

2 Sugarcane transcriptom, 25

Summary

FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

3 Development of technology aimed at the exploitation of yeast derivativesin human and animal foods, 25

MATERIAL AND METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

4 Production of compounds based on natural fibers for use in the automobile industry, 26


5 DRH Process (Dedini Rapid Hydrolysis) – design, installation and operation of process development unit (PDU), 26

CHEMISTRY

6 Continuous production of carburant alcohol using Saccharomyces cerevisiae supported in chrysolite, 27

Thematic Projects

AGRONOMY

1 Evaluation and control of pests, diseases and persistence of herbicides in sugarcane agroecosystems with mechanized harvesting system, without burning, 31

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

2 Technical, economic and environmental analysis of the use of sugarcane for the sustainable generation of electrical energy, 31

GENETICS

3 Identification of new cry genes derived from isolates from the bacteria Bacillus thuringiensisemploying molecular biology methodologies and the creation of transgeneic sugarcane plants, 31

CHEMISTRY

4 Fundamental and technological studies of the chemical and electrochemical use of ethanol for energy, 32

Support for Research

ADMINISTRATION

5 The production cycle of sugar and alcohol derived from sugarcane as a project under the Kyoto Protocol’s clean development mechanism: a study of eligibility, determination of baselines and..., 32

6 A study for the introduction of small and medium enterprises into the Piracicaba alcohol APL, 32

AGRONOMY

7 Evaluation of N losses in sugarcane fields with green cane harvesting system, 33

8 Effects of harvesting sugarcane without burning on the dynamic of carbon and soil properties, 33

9 Identification and diagnosis of the viruses that cause sugarcane mosaic in the state of São Paulo, 33

10 Influence of sugarcane farming systems on the leaching of triazine herbicides and nitrates to recharge area of Guarani aquifer, 34

11 Characterization of industrial yeasts for ethanol production using cellular composition and kinetic characteristics, 34

12 Form of landscape as criterion in the sampling optimization of soils undersugarcane cultivation Jaboticabal, SP, 34

13 Application of fusel oil inthe chemical eradication of sugarcane, 35

14 Herbicides applied to green sugarcane: mobility and selectivity, 35

15 Genetic mapping and identification of genetic and functional molecular markers associated with agronomic characteristics of interest in sugarcane, 36

16 Control of the sugarcane weevil, Sphenophorus levis, with entomopathogenic nematodes, 36

17 Efficiency of the mixture of ripeners and of the association of boron and silicon via foliar application to sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum l.), 36

BIOCHEMISTRY

18 Proposal for DNA coordinator of the sugarcane EST project (Sucest), 37

19 Preparation of a genomic library of Xylella fastidiosa in lambda phage and preparation of sugarcane CDNA libraries, 37

20 Data mining, 37

21 Sugarcane Genome Project: sequencing laboratory, 37


22 Elaboration of a multimedia program, for dimensioning and calculations for sugar industry and use in teaching activity, 37

23 Development of a fluidized packed-bed reactor for production of ethanol using flocculent yeast strains, 38

24 Development of process of stabilization of clarified sugarcane juice with added acidic fruit juices, 38

25 Determination of the sensory characteristics of sugarcane spirits produced in the centralregion of the state of São Paulo, 38

26 Production of extrafine glucose and ethanol derived from sugarcane bagasse, 39

27 Extraction and transesterification of soya oil with ethanol for production of biodiesel, 39

28 Alcoholic extraction of vegetable oils:study of the solid-liquid equilibrium and the stage of the recovery of the solvent, 39

29 Study of the contamination of sugarcane juice by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), 40

30 Use of alternative regional substrates for the production of ethanol, levan and sorbitol by Zymomonas mobilis, 40

31 Addition of organic nutrient as source of proteic nitrogen to sugarcane must for the production of alembic cachaça, 40

POLITICAL SCIENCE

32 Public policy lines of direction for the sugarcane agroindustry in the state of São Paulo, 41

ECOLOGY

33 Production of brown sugar and other organic products in small holdings, 41

ECONOMY

34 Ecosystemic/energy related and economic evaluation of the sugar/alcohol sector in the state of São Paulo, 41


35 Sweeping of the ground during sugarcane harvest using a disk with articulated segments: design and experimental validation, 42

36 Performance of tractor tire type in areas with three conditions of surface: loose soil, firm soil, soil covered with sugarcane straw, 42

37 Sensitivity of sugarcane to excess groundwater, 42

MATERIALS AND METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

38 Study of the behavior of materials for automotivecomponents in combustible environments, 43

39 Derivatization of celluloses isolated from different sources, 43


40 Reduction of emissions from spark ignition engines through use of pre-vaporized alcohol, multiple direct injection and excess air combustion, 43

41 Use of biomass for fuel purposes: case study – sugarcane bagasse, 44

42 Expansion of study via the torrefication of sugarcane bagasse and thermal homogenization of the torrefier, 44

43 Conversion of diesel engine touse of vaporized alcohol, 44


44 Bagasse cellulose and sugarcane straw: chemical modification and application as reinforcement in polypropylene compounds, 45

GENETICS

45 Molecular analysis (via rapd) of sugarcane plants derived from cultivation of meristems, 45

46 Genomic and functional characterization of mutator transposons in sugarcane, 45

47 Patenting of a sugarcane promoter induced by herbivorous insects, 46

48 Characterization of the ssnac23 gene in transgenic sugarcane plants, 46

49 Use of ethanol and ACC synthesis for the induction of maturation of sugarcane, 46

50 Biochemical and genetic characterization of thesugarcane glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) involved in the disintoxication of herbicides, 46

51 Characterization of genes of unknown function preferentially expressed during reproductive development in sugarcane (Saccharum spp.), 47

52 Biochemical and molecular characterization of the sugarcane glutathione s-transferase: response to herbicides and safeners, 47

MICROBIOLOGY

53 Evaluation of different types of active charcoal in the treatment of the hemicellulose hydrolysate from sugarcane bagasse for the biotechnological production of xylitol, 48

54 New methodological proposal for the immobilization of cells of Candida guilliermondiiin pva-cryogel for bioproduction of xylitol, 48

55 Basic and applied aspects of the industrial use of yeast, 48

56 Dekkera and brettanomyces: characterization and fermentative behavior of strains contaminating alcoholic fermentation, 49

57 Evaluation polymers of vegetable origin in thedetoxification of the hemicellulose hydrolysate from sugarcane bagasse and purification of the xylotil obtained by fermentation, 49

58 Quality of the raw material, fermentative microbiota and production of ethanol under attack from Mahanarva fimbriolata in sugarcane, 49

CHEMISTRY

59 Development of FIA systems involving pervaporation and enzymatic immobilization for determination of chemical groups of agroindustrial interest, 50

60 Development of automatic procedures to monitor the evolution of alcoholic fermentation in sugar and alcohol plants, 50

61 Development and study of the reactivity of nanoparticle electrocatalysts obtained by method of microemulsion: oxidation of methanol and ethanol, 50

62 Study of the electrocatalysis of oxidation reactions of organic fuels on ordered intermetallic phases Pt-m, 51

63 Electrochemical studies on platinum-based electrocatalysts using alternative fuels in cells of the solid polymer electrolyte type, 51

64 Electrochemical and spectroscopic studies of the oxidation reaction of ethanol in acid medium, 51

65 Development of Pt-Sn, Pt-Sn-Ru and Pt-Sn-Nicatalysts for electrocatalytic oxidation of ethanol for use in direct fuel cell (defc), 51

FORESTRY RESOURCES AND FORESTRY ENGINEERING

66 Mathematical programming in the exploitation of sugarcane harvest residual biomass, 52

ZOOTECHNICS

67 Nutritional value of sugarcane in the form of silage and natural form, 53

68 Nutritional value of sugarcane in natural or silaged form,with urea added or not, 53

69 Evaluation of sugarcane bagasse treated with different chemical agents through studies of ruminal kinetics and digestibility trials, 53

70 Processing of sugarcane: its effects on total digestibility, degradability and ruminal rate of passage, 53

71 Evaluation of chemical and microbial additives as inhibitors of the alcoholic fermentation in sugarcane silages (Saccharum officinarum l), 53

72 Nutritional value of sugarcane treated with calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide, 53

73 Protein in sugarcane-based diets for dairy heifers, 53

74 Evaluation of sugarcane hydrolyzed with microprocessed quicklime (cao) in the diet of lactating cows, 54

75 Evaluation of dairy cows fed with sugarcane hydrolyzed with micropulverized quicklime (cao) and hydrated lime (ca(oh)2), 54

76 Sugarcane silage treated with chemical or microbial additive in the feeding of goats at the start of lactation, 54

Research Grants, 55

Selection of reports on sugarcane and sugarcane and ethanol derivatives – Pesquisa FAPESP magazine, 85

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PIPE

TechnologicalInnovation

in Small Businesses

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with the presumptions of the new computing age,the ubiquitous computer (many computers and onesystem for various businesses).

AGRONOMY

Mass rearing and commercialization ofTrichogramma spp. and Cotesia flavipesfor the control of agricultural pests

PROCESS

2001/08394-0

COORDINATOR

Alexandre de Sene Pinto / José Roberto Postali Parra

COMPANY

CP2 Ltda. – ME (ex-Bug)

START: 1/1/2002FINISH: 28/2/2005

The aim of this project is to make available to theuser good quality insects, since the lack of this requi-rement represents the greatest obstacle to the popu-larization of biological control in Brazil. Nowadays,there is enormous interest in the use of this alterna-tive, but insects are not always available for purch-ase and, when they are, the biological specimens arenot always of the desired quality. The insects will beproduced using conventional techniques which willbe fine-tuned, adapting them to the Brazilian reality,especially in the acquisition of components of artifi-cial diets for breeding, lowering the manpower costsand monitoring biological characteristics throughthe generations to ensure the quality of the insectproduced as well as its performance in field condi-tions. The project intends to use Cotesia flavipes(Cameron, 1891) in cane sugar, a larval parasitoidfor the control of Diatraea saccharalis (Fabr., 1794),traditionally used in Brazil, and Trichogramma spp.,an egg parasitoid which can be used to control thispest in areas where the egg-predation is low or inareas where the climatic conditions did not permitthe adaptation of the braconidae mentioned. In thiscase, Trichogramma galloi will be used, with otherspecies of Trichogramma (especially T. pretiosum)being suited to commercialization for the control oflepidopterans in tomato (vine, staked and in green-houses), cotton plants, maize, etc., since the produc-tion of these natural enemies is considerably advan-ced in our conditions.

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ADMINISTRATION

Consultancy for supply chains on web platform

PROCESS

2005/04476-3

COORDINATOR

Odair Oliva de Farias

COMPANY

Log1 Consulting Soluções em Redes Ltda.

START: 1/12/2006FINISH: 30/11/2008

This project proposes the development of a solu-tion in layers with functional application on consist-ent servers and with interfaces of high portability sothat the system linked to radio frequency and posi-tioning devices via satellite can monitor the logisti-cal operations and display to its users the main res-trictions of the system to be optimized, as well asalternative solutions. The proposal arose from studiesand consultancies undertaken by the Coordinator ofthe project on various supply chains, such as fuelalcohol, which are extremely demanding in terms oftheir logistical efficiency and performance. Thesestudies continue in conjunction at Log1, a logisticalsolutions development company. Log1 was born inMarch 2005 and today, in addition to overseeingsome projects of social responsibility, offers the mar-ket consultancy and training services. The partiesinvolved in this partnership firmly believe that pro-viding the actors of the actual logistical scenariowith functional solutions and scientifically under-written consultancy services, these actors are thengiven the opportunity to dedicate their efforts totheir specific competencies, minimizing the logisti-cal costs and cranking up corporate development.The strategic and operational alignment of the sup-ply chains proposed in this project is directly relatedto Log1’s mission of transforming the logistical chal-lenges of its clients into opportunities for liquidityand sustainability. Therefore, the participants in theproject believe in the real capability of logisticalinnovation from the external problem-solvers invol-ved, as well as in better management alternativesmade viable by the new technologies available today.The proposal for several systems to communicatethrough a single resource is based on the concepts ofcollaborative logistical management, as proposed inthe CPFR (Collaborative Planning and ForecastReplenishment), with the project thus being in tune

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Development of bioinsecticide formula-tions based on the entomopathogenicfungus Metarhizium anisopliae

PROCESS

2002/08006-3

COORDINATOR

Marco Antônio Tamai

COMPANY

Bio Soja Indústrias Químicas and Biológicas Ltda.

START: 1/9/2003FINISH: 28/2/2007

The use of Metarhizium anisopliae for the controlof Mahanarva fimbriolata (Stal) in the cultivation ofsugarcane in the State of São Paulo has greatly increas-ed in recent years. The objective of this project is therefinement of existing techniques and the develop-ment of new production and formulation processesof Metarhizium anisopliae, produced in liquid andsolid culture media, so as to raise levels of qualitycontrol and reduce production costs. Consequently,the following stages have been outlined: 1) selectionof complex and low economic cost media, as well assources of nitrogen, carbon and vitamins; 2) evalua-tion of toxicity of the inerts for liquid and solid for-mulations; 3) development of different types of for-mulations; and 4) evaluation in the field of theagronomic efficiency of the selected formulations. Inphase 1 of the project, alternative products of loweconomic cost were selected (molasses, glycerin, yeastextract and beer yeast) for the composition of liquidculture media, with a view to large scale productionof different structures of the biological cycle ofMetarhizium anisopliae. The resultant informationwill be used in phase 2 for the development of newbioinsecticide formulations based on blastosporesand dry mycelium and to make viable the use ofmycelium mass as inoculant in biphasic systems ofproduction of airborne conidia.

Study of effective formulation of conidesof the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae forthe biological control of pests

PROCESS

2005/55780-4

COORDINATOR

Ana Lúcia Santos Zimmermann

COMPANY

Biocontrol Sistema de Controle Biológico Ltda.

START: 1/12/2005FINISH: 31/7/2006

The control of pests in agriculture has been con-ducted, largely, by the use of chemical insecticides.However, the large scale use of these insecticides hascaused many environmental problems, in additionto the development of resistance of some targetpests. The biological control of pests has provided analternative technology for a decrease in the use ofchemical insecticides. Fungi are organisms with agreat potential for the control of pests, withMetarhizium anisopliae being one of the most wide-ly used agents in fungi-based bioinsecticides. Toincrease the efficiency in the field and to maintainthe viability and virulence at ambient temperatures,the concentrated dust of the conides of this fungus,produced by the Biocontrol company, needs to besubjected to technological processes of formulation,with the appropriate mixture of substances withprotective properties. With the intention of innova-ting existing products in Brazil based on the fungusMetarhizium anisopliae to combat pests, principallyin cultivations of sugarcane and grazing grounds,this project proposes the development of three solidformulations, two wettable powders and one granu-late, that do not exist in the Brazilian market. Theformulations will be able to guarantee the viabilityand virulence of the conides of M. anisopliae for atleast six to twelve months, at ambient temperatures.This makes it possible to increase production ofMetarhizium by Biocontrol, with the distribution offormulated products which guarantee the quality ofthe product, for a period, up until the moment it isused in the field.


System for detection and localized appli-cation of herbicides in sugarcane

PROCESS

1999/11576-1

COORDINATOR

Luiz Geraldo Mialhe

COMPANY

Agrionics - Instrum. Equipamentos Agrícolas and Industriais Ltda.

START: 1/4/2000FINISH: 31/12/2000

The onboard instrumentation available today in

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the market is almost entirely imported and of the“black box” type. These characteristics, in the case ofcomplete systems, are interesting both to suppliersand to users and, when correctly installed, they pro-vide a secure return on investment. There are still fewcomplete systems available on the national marketand, given the complexity of how they are structured,they demand a high initial investment and rendersobsolete that part of the non-instrumented fleet inuse on the property. The perception of this realityand the evidence from a concrete case in the fleet often herbicide duster-combines in the Usina Rafard(União S. Paulo S/A) motivated the research aimed atthe study and development of a system capable ofsatisfying the needs of this agricultural operationunder critical conditions (sloping topography, infest-ation intensity, use of different products, risks of los-ing control etc.). In Brazil, currently, the use of elec-tronic controls in dusters is limited to conventionalsystems (command of flow valves via pressure sensorsignals) which aim to maintain the dosage of theapplication independent from the variation in speedof displacement of the tractor in the field. Exceptionsare the few cases of imported equipment of the self-propelled type and of fairly high cost, generally appli-cable under conditions of flat topography. The pro-ject proposes to develop the electroelectronic andmechanical components, the software and operation-al methodologies that will make it possible to achievea system for detection and localized application ofherbicide in sugarcane.

Development of a productivity monitor forsugarcane in order to obtain productivitymaps for self-propelled harvesters

PROCESS

2004/08777-5

COORDINATOR

Domingos Guilherme Pellegrino Cerri

COMPANY

Enalta Inovações Tecnológicas para Agricultura

START: 1/2/2005FINISH: 31/1/2007

Much of the research carried out in precisionagriculture concentrates on the development of corr-ective dosers and evaluators of yield for grain cropssuch as wheat and soya, which are products cultiva-ted in sub-tropical areas and predominantly in deve-loped countries. Thus, in this project the cultivationof sugar cane was chosen because, in addition tobeing of great economic importance in Brazil, it has

barely been explored by precision agriculture techni-ques. This project aims to instrument a sugar caneharvester, so as to be able to obtain the productivitymap for this crop. The system to be refined is basedon the productivity monitor designed, developedand patented by the State University of Campinas(Unicamp), with support from FAPESP. The equip-ment uses weighing cells as an instrument for deter-mining the weight of the raw material harvested andwill be capable of measuring the flow of stalks thatpass over the belt before being thrown into thetransporting vehicle. This data, together with theinformation obtained from a Differential GlobalPositioning System (DGPS) installed in the harves-ter, permits the creation of a digital map whichrepresents the production surface for the harvestedarea. This system will be tested in the laboratory andin the field.

Development of a mechanical aid for the harvesting of sugarcane withoutprior burning

PROCESS

2004/14468-5

COORDINATOR

Efraim Albrecht Neto

COMPANY

Agricef Soluções Tecnológicas para Agricultura Ltda.

START: 1/1/2006FINISH: 30/6/2006

Currently, total or partial mechanization wouldseem to be the sole option for the harvesting ofsugarcane, both from the ergonomic as well as theeconomic point of view and, principally, from thelegal and environmental point of view, since onlymechanical cutting makes harvesting without priorburning viable, a fact which in turn will make theprofitable use of the straw viable. Thus, this workaims to develop an alternative technology geared tothe harvesting of sugarcane, without prior burning,which can operate on sloping terrains and minimizethe impact of unemployment in the rural environ-ment caused by conventional mechanized harves-ting. The equipment assists the manual harvest,carrying out base cut operations, trimming of stalktops, removal of leaves and delivery of the stalks tothe storage carrier, leaving to the worker the func-tion of handling the stalks after the base cut, passingthrough the trimming of the tops on to the strawstripping unit. In order to evaluate the equipment,

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in field and laboratory conditions, a prototype willbe built which will simultaneously harvest threerows of sugarcane. The factors to be evaluated willbe: 1) determination of the steerability of the equip-ment, as well as its stability against toppling; 2)quantitative evaluation of the losses of raw materialand its technological quality; and 3) comparativeeconomic analysis of operational cost and invest-ment requirement. Based on the analyses, possiblemodifications will be suggested so as to obtain acommercial piece of equipment with an accessible costwhich can be used for the harvesting of sugarcane.

An automatic mapping system of agricultural productivity

PROCESS

2005/04485-2

COORDINATOR

Rafael Alexandre Ferrarezi

CompanyAGX Tecnologia Ltda.

START: 1/9/2006FINISH: 28/2/2007

Given the importance of agribusiness to theBrazilian economy, it is of great interest to developnew technologies that generate advantages andbenefits for this sector. The most advanced techno-logical resources are present in this sector throughprecision farming, which is a method of manage-ment of the production system which aims toimprove the productivity of crops as well as the qua-lity of the products. One of the tools used in preci-sion agriculture is the generation of productivitymaps, which involves the instrumentation of farmmachines for the collection, downloading and pro-cessing of data. This method considers the spatialvariability of parameters in the cultivated areas as asource of information vital in helping make deci-sions for a better management of the productionprocess. Important agricultural crops, such as sugar-cane, have still to benefit from these possible techno-logical advances. Thus the present project aims todevelop a productivity system for these crops whichuse transport vehicles, being able to detect automa-tically the moment and the position of the crop-gathering throat and to quantify the load gathered ineach cycle in a precise manner. It will also be necess-ary to develop a technological platform for the farmmachines, where the automatic download will beeffected, with communication via a wireless net-

work, of geo-referenced data and the software necess-ary for the drawing up of productivity maps. Due toits economic importance to the State of São Paulo,the system will be developed initially for the cultiva-tion of sugarcane. Nevertheless, as it possesses a ver-satile architecture, it will be able to incorporate newfunctionalities and be easily adapted to other cropswhich in a similar manner use transport vehicles forthe harvesting of the production.

Automated control of the synchronismbetween the sugarcane harvester and the transport vehicle

PROCESS

2006/56581-8

COORDINATOR

Rodrigo Fernando Galzerano Baldo

COMPANY

Agricef Soluções Tecnológicas para Agricultura Ltda.

START: 1/4/2007FINISH: 30/9/2007

One of the problems encountered in the mecha-nized harvesting of sugarcane is the lack of synchro-nism between the harvester and the transport vehi-cle. This problem generates losses both of rawmaterial and of operational efficiency. The first ofthese occurs when the machines fall out of align-ment and parts of the sugarcane stalks are thrownout of the transport vehicle. Operational loss occurswhen the machines fall out of alignment and are for-ced to carry out maneuvers in order to get back intoa working position, the fact being that the maneu-vers take time and therefore represent a reduction inthe efficiency of the harvest. The present researchaims to develop a system capable of identifying andcontrolling the parallelism between the sugarcanecutting harvester and the transport vehicle. The pro-ject will be a refinement of the synchronism alreadydeveloped in Unicamp in 2005. What differentiatesthe two projects is that the present one will be capa-ble of identifying, through radio-frequency, theexact relative position of the machines and thus willautomatically control the velocity and positioning ofthe transport vehicle through control theories. Forthe correct functioning of the system, relative posi-tioning sensors via radio-frequency will be develop-ed to be installed in the harvester and the transportvehicle. To control the speed of the transport vehiclea servo-motor will be fitted to the tractor accelera-

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tor. Functioning tests will be undertaken in a speci-fic factory of the Cosan group.

Development of a system for monitoringthe cutting, loading and transport ofsugarcane for fleet management

PROCESS

2006/56606-0

COORDINATOR

Domingos Guilherme Pellegrino Cerri

COMPANY

Enalta Indústria and Comércio de Equipamentos Eletrônicos Ltda - EPP

START: 1/2/2007FINISH: 31/1/2009

In the production process for obtaining sugar-cane subproducts, the costs involved in the operation-al and agricultural activities represent a large pro-portion of the final costs. One way of reducing themis to implement new technologies in the agriculturalmechanization using a combination of mechanicsand electronics. Complementing this, the use ofinformation technology combined with the use ofintelligent components can help to improve the per-formance of machines and equipment. The presentproposal aims to develop a monitoring system forthe cutting, loading and transport (CLT) of sugar-cane. This system will be integrated with the sugarmill’s corporate database, in order to provide order-ed and precise information and thus enable bettermanagement of the fleet and, consequently, improveefficiency in the field and reduce operational costs.The proposed system will be based around: a) a pro-ductivity monitor designed, developed and patentedby Unicamp (Simprocana); b) a floating base cutter;c) PIMS-SIG- Transport and Agricultural softwarefor the control and management of the fleets of sup-port trucks and cane transporters; d) DigitalAutomotive Controllers (DAC) to be installed intrucks and in the farm machines. Items b, c and d arepieces of equipment developed by Enalta company.These systems will be optimized, implemented, inte-grated and tested in the laboratory and in the field.Enalta will be responsible for the development andcommercialization of the proposed system andaccording to its needs may request technical andscientific support from the following institutions:Agricef, Próxima Software and Sistemas, Feagri-Unicamp, LAA-Poli-USP and the Center forTechnology and Sugar Cultivation.

MATERIALS AND METALLURGIAL ENGINEERING

Production and characterization of envi-ronmentally degradable polymers (EDPs)based on renewable sources: sugarcane

PROCESS

2001/02909-9

COORDINATOR

Jefter Fernandes do Nascimento

COMPANY

PHB Industrial S/A

START: 1/11/2001FINISH: 30/6/2004

Poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid) or PI-113 is anenvironmentally biodegradable polymer, synthesi-zed and accumulated as a reserve substance by aseries of bacteria, with thermoplastic propertiessimilar to those of conventional polymers. However,it manifests the peculiarity of being highly biodegra-dable when exposed to biologically active environ-ments, which makes it very attractive in refuse situa-tions in the environment. This polymer is alsobiocompatible, with a high regularity of polymericchain and high molecular weight, which permitsnumerous industrial applications, including flexiblepackaging (films), rigid packaging (blown bottles,plastic bottle tops and thermoforming sheets) andsurgical components, among others. The biodegra-dable plastic PHB (polyhidroxibutirate) synthesizedby biotechnological production is extremely compe-titive commercially, since starting with cane sugar,with the stages of synthesis, extraction and purifica-tion of the polymer with natural solvents, a finalproduct with a very low cost is obtained. The presentproject aims to launch this product on the plasticpackaging market. In order to characterize and for-mulate the polymer, it will be necessary to acquiresome basic equipment in polymer technology whichwill go towards complementing the investmentsalready made by PHB Industrial S/A in this project.

Production of porous parts in high performance alloys

PROCESS

2001/08425-3

COORDINATOR

Francisco Ambrózio Filho

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COMPANY

Brats Indústria and Comércio Ltda.

START: 1/9/2002FINISH: 31/8/2005

Sinterized metal filters are produced using pow-der metallurgical techniques and the most fre-quently applied is that of uniaxial compactation inmatrix by hydraulic or mechanical press. Dependingon the type of application, different materials can beused, among which bronze, stainless steels, inconel,hastelloy, monel, aluminum and titanium stand out.In Brazil there is a well-developed market for bron-ze filters, in which some modest-sized businesses areactive. As for other materials, there is a broad marketto be explored, especially for stainless steel filters316L and 304L which are the object of this proposal.Demand exists for various applications, especially inthe gases industry with flame-cutter filters, dosers,attenuators, tubes and porous plates for the petro-chemical industry and cartridges with or withoutseams for the alcohol industry, all in stainless steel.Some cases of special filters in inconel, monel andtitanium for the chemical and nuclear industrieswere also identified. In the majority of these applica-tions, all with high added value, components such asreplacement parts are imported and the nationalindustry has enormous difficulty discovering whomakes these special parts to measure. The mainobjective of this research is the determination of theparameters for compactation and sinterizationnecessary for the elaboration of porous materialswith the performance with appropriate characteris-tics for applications of liquid-solid and solid separa-tion, in the mechanical, chemical and food indus-tries. Phase 1 of the project verified the viability ofthe production of high technical and commercialperformance porous metal parts (filters). Phase 2seeks to make viable the installation of a manufactu-ring unit to produce parts which will replace theimportation of a part of the porous elements consu-med in Brazil.


Development and optimization of integrated ethanol reformation unit for the production of hydrogen

PROCESS

2005/50908-2

COORDINATOR

João Carlos Camargo

COMPANY

Hytron Assessoria Tecnológica em Energia and Gases Industriais Ltda.

START: 1/8/2005FINISH: 31/3/2006

The present research project proposes the simu-lation, development, optimization and dimension-ing of an integrated system of ethanol reformationfor the production of quality hydrogen for applica-tion in systems of electrical energy generation, espe-cially through polymer electrolyte fuel cells(PFMFC). The system characterized as the centralelement of the present project will be subdivided intoa reformation subsystem and a purification subsystem.The focus of the research will be on demonstratingthe technical viability through the dimensioning anddesign of the integration of these subsystems, basedon the knowledge already acquired by the Hydronteam in similar concluded or on-going projects inUnicamp’s Hydrogen Laboratory. The theoreticstudy aims to optimize the energy balance of the sys-tem through the simulation of the parameters of theplant operation, such as temperature, pressure andleakage of raw materials in the reformer, so that themaximum efficiency of conversion of ethanol tohydrogen will be obtained, with the system dimen-sions being adequate to cope with fuel cells with anelectrical energy generating capacity between 5 and30 kW. The design and dimensioning of the refor-mer components will seek constructive least costsolutions aiming for the future commercialization ofthis equipment by the company.


Refinement of the Vacuum Press filters for the sugar and alcohol industry

PROCESS

1997/07452-0

COORDINATOR

Pedro Gustavo Córdoba Junior

COMPANY

Technopulp Consultoria and Com. de Equipamentos Industriais Ltda.

START: 1/1/1998FINISH: 30/11/2000

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The objective of the research is the technologicalrefinement of the continuous double screen filterknown as Vacuum Press, used in the purificationtreatment of raw sugar juice (garapa) in sugar andalcohol factories, enabling an increase in efficiencyand productivity. The project aims at a more detailedstudy of the market, research in the laboratory to testnew screen membranes and filtering aids, such aspolymers and chemical coagulation agents, for higheroperational performance. This is only possible bymeans of work in the laboratory and plant, using apilot filter for trials and tests. The installation of alaboratory with pilot equipment will make it possibleto attain higher levels of automation and efficiency,and for the company to broaden the market range,resulting in socioeconomic benefits with the creationof new jobs. The Vacuum Press filter is the mostrecent development of the company which is activein the areas of engineering and processes linked tothe sugar and alcohol, paper and cellulose sectors,and is being used in the sugar and alcohol sector withsatisfactory results, as a replacement for conventionalrotating filters, which have a low power of retentionof impurities and a high level of sucrose loss.

Advanced system for producing electricity with high efficiency, low cost and non-pollutant

PROCESS

2001/08486-2

COORDINATOR

Antonio Cesar Ferreira

COMPANY

Unitech

START: 1/3/2002FINISH: 30/6/2004

The project is aimed at the development of a sys-tem for the production of electrical energy, using afuel cell integrated with a hydrogen production sys-tem. Two sources of hydrogen will be researched:solar energy (via water electrolysis) and ethanolreformation. The studies of this first phase will beundertaken to ascertain the technological and econo-mic viability of the two sources of hydrogen. In thecase of the electrolysis of water, solar energy will beused as the primary source of energy. Despite theelectrolysis of water being commercially used, its costfor producing electrical energy remains high whencompared to traditional electricity generators. Inorder to reduce the cost of the hydrogen, experimentswill be carried out to produce it by means of the ionic

conductive polymer electrolyte type of technology.Ionic conductive polymer electrolysis has demon-strated an energy reduction of up to 20 per cent. Theprice of the kilowatt/hour (kWh) with the use ofsolar energy/electrolyte/fuel cells system could beUS$ 0.11. At such a cost, this form of producing elec-trical energy could have great technological and eco-nomic potential. On the other hand, one cubic meterof ethanol can produce up to 5 cubic meters ofhydrogen through the reformation reaction. In thisway, the cost per kWh could reach US$ 0.049. Thisvalue makes the use of the ethanol reformation/fuelcell system to produce electricity quite attractive. Stillwithin the first phase of the work, research will beundertaken into new types of catalysts for ethanolreformation based on palladium, platinum and ceri-um. These catalysts have been used in the reforma-tion of natural gas, methanol and gasoline.

Development of an optimization systemfor the support of management decisionsin the sugar-alcohol production chain

PROCESS

2005/59844-7

COORDINATOR

Jorge Casas Liza

COMPANY

OP2B - Soluções para Otimização de Negócios Ltda.

START: 1/8/2006FINISH: 31/1/2007

The objective of the present project is to developa decision-making support system based on optimi-zation for the management of the sugar-alcohol pro-duction chain. The scope of the system embraces theagricultural stage (planning of the crop, plantingand harvest), the industrial stage and the distribu-tion of final products for the most diverse markets.The project was divided into three stages for its con-ception, namely: the first considers the planning ofthe industrial sector in the production chain; thesecond stage considers the planning of the agricultu-ral sector and the distribution sector, in addition tothe horizontal integration of the chain (agricultural+ industrial + distribution); the third stage studiesthe production programming of the industrial sec-tor and the vertical integration (programming +planning) of the production chain. All the stagesinvolve the development of optimization modelsand end-user interface systems. The present reportdescribes the activities developed in the first stage of

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the project, which corresponds to phase 1 of theTechnological Innovation in Small BusinessesProgram (PIPE I). The objective outlined for thisstage was the development of optimization modelsfor the solution of the problem of multi-periodplanning of the industrial process in a sugar-alcoholindustry. This model was partially integrated to agraphic environment developed on the .Net for MS-Windows™ and SQL Server database, in order toproduce a prototype computer application for deci-sion-making support for the industrial plant mana-gers. The development of the support tool for deci-sion-making was initiated following a survey andanalysis of information collected in the open litera-ture and mainly from the questionnaire and inter-views conducted with specialists from the industrialsector. The objective of this stage was to identify anddefine the problem to be modeled. After the identi-fication of the problem, work began on developing amathematical representation for its optimization,involving the relevant decisions, such as variables,objective function, restrictions and parameters. Themodel was implemented and resolved in the GAMSenvironment programming language. The resultsobtained for the solution were validated by special-ists from the sector and improvements were made tothe model, with a view to refining both the represen-tational capability of the system as well as the bela-ted formulation of the problem of resources aimedat user-friendlier computer integration. The partialintegration of the optimization was executed on the.Net for MS-Windows™ platform.

CHEMISTRY

Development of laser polarimeter-saccharimeter

PROCESS

2005/55866-6

COORDINATOR

José Félix Manfredi

COMPANY

Tech Chrom Instrumentos Analíticos Ltda. - ME

START: 1/2/2006FINISH: 31/1/2008

The project is aimed at the development of tech-nology applicable to sectors fundamental to nationaleconomic life, specifically the sugar-alcohol and thenatural products pharmaceutical sectors, contribu-ting to their technological evolution and proposing

solutions of ecological and socio-labor import. Thepresent project aims to complete the developmentand make viable the pre-mass production of aninfra-red laser saccharimeter, for application in thedetermination of sucrose levels in sugarcane juiceand process fluids in sugar and alcohol factories, andto develop, based on the same technology, a polari-meter for the pharmaceutical industry for quiralactive principles, notably for those obtained fromnatural products. The adoption of this technologycombines the traditional advantages of polarimetrictechnique with the innovatory characteristics of aninstrument that does not present the operationallimitations of conventional equipment, mainly withregards to the clarification of samples of low trans-mittance. The instrument possesses a miniaturizedlaser source, which enables direct incidence on thesample cell of a coherent monochromatic collimatedbeam. The project innovates in the application ofconcepts of solid-state laser optical polarimetry,introducing operational characteristics that makethe instrument here proposed the first infrared lasersaccharimeter/polarimeter on the internationalmarket. The principal applications of the product inBrazil are in the sugar-alcohol agroindustry, where itis used in the system of payment for sugarcane bysucrose level and in the control of the processes ofsugar and alcohol production, in the sugar-consu-ming food industry and in the pharmaceuticalindustry based on natural quiral products. In thisphase of the project we will be optimizing the per-formance of the detection and optical source system,adapting them to the operational and communica-tions software, and defining the layout of the elec-tronic circuit boards: the instrument will receiveindustrial design in conformity with the marketstandards and we will make viable a pre-mass modelfor real application tests. The development proposedhere will give origin to a line of optical analysis in-struments for different industrial and academicapplications: the operational results obtained in ourlaboratory will be published in a specialized journal,presenting the differentiated characteristics of theproduct to the target-audience.

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PITE

The Partnership for Technological

Innovation Program

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AGRONOMY

Development of molecular markers basedon sugarcane ESTs for the selection ofeconomically important characteristics

PROCESS

2002/01167-1

COORDINATOR

Anete Pereira de Souza

INSTITUTION

Center for Molecular Biology and GeneticEngineering / State University of Campinas(Unicamp)

COMPANY

Cooperative of Producers of Sugarcane, Sugar and Alcohol in the State of São Paulo

START: 1/7/2002FINISH: 30/6/2005

The EST sequencing project (Sugarcane ESTProject – Sucest) of the FAPESP-Genome programhas already identified around 40 thousand clusterswhich represent the sugarcane genes. The ESTs havethe potential to be used in the development of geneticmarkers. In this way, microsatellite markers can beobtained derived from EST databases, and EST probescan be used in RFLP trials for the mapping of QTLs.In view of the advances that should be achieved in thegenetic improvement of sugarcane with the exploita-tion of the information contained in the EST databa-ses, the proposal is, beginning with these sequences, todevelop molecular markers of the RFLP/ microsatelli-te type. It is also intended to develop specific markersfor agronomic characteristics of interest, via conver-sion of RFLP markers (hybridized with EST probes)into specific PCR markers (SCARs and STSs). Thedevelopment of these markers will be integrated intoa mapping program of qualitative and quantitativecharacteristics which is in the process of being deve-loped using an F1 population, obtained from thecrossing of two commercial varieties of sugarcane.

BIOCHEMISTRY

Sugarcane transcriptom

PROCESS

03/07244-0

COORDINATOR

Gláucia Mendes Souza

INSTITUTION

Institute of Chemistry / University of São Paulo (IQ/USP)

COMPANY

Cooperative of Producers of Sugarcane, Sugar and Alcohol in the State of São Pauloand Central de Alcohol Lucélia Ltda.

START: 1/8/2003FINISH: 31/7/2005

The production of sugar and alcohol in Brazilcould greatly benefit from the introduction of varie-ties with a high level of sucrose and more resistant tobiotic and abiotic stresses. The establishment of suchvarieties, using traditional techniques of geneticimprovement, is a lengthy process. The processcould be speeded up if the target genes for the pro-duction of the improvement could be identified. Therecent sequencing of 237 thousand sugarcane ESTs(Expressed Sequence Tags) offers an opportunity tostudy their levels of expression on a large scale,employing the microarrays of cDNA technology.The analysis of the transcriptom of contrastingvarieties of high and low levels of sugar, using DNAchips, could indicate the genes involved in the accu-mulation of sucrose throughout the maturation ofthe plant, pointing to the route for the genetic mani-pulation of this grass species. In addition to this, aglobal analysis of the transcriptom of this plant sub-jected to insect attacks, to interactions withendophytic bacteria, to hydric stress, among otherfactors, would be extremely valuable to the improve-ment program. This project aims to use the techno-logy of cDNA microarrays to analyze the levels of6,528 transcripts in contrasting varieties of sugarca-ne for the accumulation of sugar and subjected tothe conditions mentioned earlier. The project envi-sages furthermore, the making of nylon membranescontaining 3 thousand clones, which will be madeavailable to researchers interested in analyzing theresponse of this plant to other phenomena.


Development of technology aimed at the exploitation of yeast derivativesin human and animal foods

PROCESS

98/04173-5

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COORDINATOR

Valdemiro Carlos Sgarbieri

INSTITUTION

Institute of Food Technology (Ital)

COMPANY

Cooperative of Producers of Sugarcane, Sugar and Alcohol in the State of São Paulo

START: 1/12/1998FINISH: 30/11/2001

The objective of this project is to use yeast bio-mass to obtain modified products and functionalingredients by means of fractionation for the pro-duction of derivatives with different chemical, nutri-tional and functional characteristics. The processingfollowed two schemes: a) the biomass, after cleaning,mechanical breaking down and centrifugation, yield-ed a sediment (cell wall I) and a supernatant which,after treatment, resulted in a precipitate (proteinconcentrate); b) the biomass, after cleaning, wassubjected to a process of autolysis, for the produc-tion of an autolysate. This autolysate underwent twodifferent treatments: a dehydration in spray drier(total dehydrated autolysate), while another part wassubjected to centrifugation, to obtain a precipitate(cell wall II) and another supernatant (extract). Theextract could be concentrated, to obtain concentra-ted extract, or could be dried, to obtain dehydratedextract. The extract, concentrated or dehydrated, isused in the food industry as an ingredient for nutri-tional or flavor enrichment. The protein concentra-te is used to improve meat products, bread making,soups and sauces. The fractions, cellular walls I andII, could be used as a source of soluble fiber and/orthickener/stabilizer in emulsified or jellified foods.


Production of compounds based on natural fibers for use in the automobile industry

PROCESS

96/06464-1

COORDINATOR

Alcides Lopes Leão

INSTITUTION

Botucatu School of Agronomic Sciences / PaulistaState University (Unesp)

COMPANY

Toro Indústria and Comércio Ltda.

START: 1/3/1997FINISH: 28/2/1999

The objective of the present project was the devel-opment of a better technology for the conversion oflignocellulosics (waste or not) and virgin or recycledthermoplastics in environmentally friendly products.The principal technologies studied were: formationof coats via air deposition (non-woven) and mixturevia melting (extrusion and injection of mixtures).The steps in the project consisted of developingmethods to convert lignocellulosic waste (newspaper,sugarcane bagasse and sawdust) mixed with thermo-plastics (polypropylene, polyethylene and polysty-rene); to optimize laboratory methods to producecomposites for the automobile industry, derivedfrom waste; to establish a database of diverse naturalfibers (jute, sisal, ramie, coconut, curaua, flax, sugar-cane bagasse etc.,) in different proportions and for-mulations, aiming for better adhesion and mechani-cal and physical properties; to establish the extensionof the recycling processes of these composites andquantify the loss of properties; and to analyze theirlife cycle, principally in relation to the automobileindustry. The composites were evaluated for theirmechanical (bending, tension), impact (Izod) andphysical (swelling and accelerated aging) properties.


DRH Process (Dedini Rapid Hydrolysis) –design, installation and operation of process development unit (PDU)

PROCESS

00/13185-9

COORDINATOR

Carlos Eduardo Vaz Rossell

INSTITUTION

Technology Center of the State of São PauloSugarcane, Sugar and Alcohol Producers’Cooperative (Copersucar)

COMPANY

Codistil S/A – Dedini

START: 1/2/2002FINISH: 30/6/2003

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The DHR process (Dedini Rapid Hydrolysis),which consists of the design, installation and opera-tion of a development unit (UDP), brought to theproduction of alcohol appreciably lower costs thanthose currently obtained in the best factories, result-ing in a significant socioeconomic contribution forthe country. The application of this process, conside-red by Copersucar to be a real breakthrough in thesugar-alcohol industry, permits the production ofalcohol from bagasse, freeing cane for the product-ion of sugar without increasing the planted area,which brings significant gains in profitability to thefactories. In this way, exports of sugar and alcoholcan be increased, and competitive alcohol reducesthe concern with the increased price of importedpetroleum, leading to a positive impact on the exter-nal balance of payments. The UDP has a hydrolysisarea for the recuperation of solvent, an area for thetreatment of the hydrolysate and an area for the coll-ection and treatment of the effluent.

CHEMISTRY

Continuous production of carburant alcohol using Saccharomycescerevisiae supported in chrysolite

PROCESS

98/10180-4

COORDINATOR

Inês Joekes

INSTITUTION

Institute of Chemistry / State Universityof Campinas (IQ/Unicamp)

COMPANY

Sama - Mineração de Amianto Ltda.

START: 1/1/1999FINISH: 31/12/2000

This project of technological innovation refersto the production of carburant alcohol by conti-nuous process, derived from sugarcane, usingSaccharomyces cerevisiae supported in chrysolite,aiming for its industrial implementation as replace-ment for the traditional, batch or semi-continuousprocess. The industrial implementation of a conti-nuous process is a long-pursued aim of the produc-tive sector, since it implies a reduction in installationand operational costs and enables the automation ofthe line, resounding in a reduction in the price of the

ethanol produced. This price reduction is funda-mental to make ethanol competitive with gasoline.The nub of the continuous process is the existence ofa chemically, mechanically and biologically stablesupported catalyst. We obtained a supported catalystof Saccharomyces cerevisiae on chrysolite, in whichthe cells, becoming entrapped, not being removed,gain thermotolerance and display activity for up to ayear after the preparation. Fermentation trials withbench-scale fixed bed reactors, using selected strains,displayed an efficiency and productivity conside-rably higher than the best values obtained with freecells operating in a continuous regime for up to amonth. However, fixed bed are not the most indica-ted in project engineering. It still remains to increa-se the scale to confirm whether the increases in effi-ciency and productivity are maintained.

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ThematicProjects

Support for Regular

Research Projects

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Thematic Projects

AGRONOMY

Evaluation and control of pests, diseasesand persistence of herbicides in sugar-cane agroecosystems with mechanizedharvesting system, without burning

PROCESS

99/08585-9

COORDINATOR

Antonio Batista Filho

INSTITUTION

Biological Institute / SAA-SP

START: 01/06/2000 FINISH: 31/05/2004

The cultivation of sugarcane has undergone pro-found changes within the technological and socialambits in this decade, trying to adapt to the product-ion demands of high productivity, competitivenessand respect for the environment. In this way, theState Legal Decree 42.056/9, which prohibits theremoval of sugarcane straw by burning, is in harm-ony with the technological anxieties for the sustain-able increase in the production of sugarcane in theState of São Paulo. Thus the Experimental Center ofthe Biological Institute, with its researchers, has beendeveloping, throughout its seventy years in exist-ence, research activities along the line of the protect-ion of plants, including sugarcane, together with theLuiz de Queiroz Agricultural High School, in theEntomology Sector, and the Federal University ofSão Carlos, in the Center for Agrarian Sciences, thisbeing therefore an area of research interest of thetechnicians related to the body of this project. Theprincipal objective is to study and develop tech-niques for the control of pests, diseases and the per-sistence of herbicides in the areas of mechanicallyharvested sugarcane in the State of São Paulo, in aneconomic manner and which protects the environ-ment, concentrating principally on the pest of thesugarcane spittlebug, Migdoli. ssp., the diseases (smutand rust) and the persistence of herbicides in thesoil.

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

Technical, economic and environmentalanalysis of the use of sugarcane for thesustainable generation of electrical energy

PROCESS

01/14302-1

COORDINATOR

José Goldemberg

INSTITUTION

Electrotechnical and Energy Institute / University of São Paulo (USP)

START: 1/12/2002FINISH: 30/11/2006

A thematic project which seeks to analyze vari-ous aspects of the production of energy excedents inthe sugar-alcohol sector. The project is divided intoeight sub-projects, namely: 1) Production of elec-tricity on a large scale using sugarcane sub-productsin the State of São Paulo: alternatives, conditioningfactors, obstacles and opportunities. 2) Harvestingand conditioning of sugarcane for burning in fur-naces. 3) Development of pinch technology andthermoeconomic analysis for the optimization ofthe use of utilities in the alcohol/sugar industrial set-up integrated to electricity generation. 4) Use ofethanol from sugarcane in electricity generation sys-tems using fuel cells. 5) Survey of the availability ofelectrical energy in hydroelectric power systems. 6)Large scale broadening of the offer of electrical ener-gy derived from sugarcane biomass. 7) Externalitiesof the sugarcane productive cycle. 8) Developmentof optimized sugarcane bagasse dryers.

GENETICS

Identification of new cry genes derivedfrom isolates from the bacteria Bacillusthuringiensis employing molecular biology methodologies and the creation of transgeneic sugarcane plants

PROCESS

2003/09539-8

COORDINATOR

Manoel Victor Franco Lemos

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INSTITUTION

Jaboticabal School of Agrarian and VeterinarySciences / Paulista State University (FCAV/Unesp)

START: 1/4/2005FINISH: 31/3/2009

CHEMISTRY

Fundamental and technological studies of the chemical and electrochemical use of ethanol for energy

PROCESS

2003/10037-7

COORDINATOR

Germano Tremiliosi Filho

INSTITUTION

Institute of Chemistry de São Carlos / University of São Paulo (IQ/USP)

START: 1/1/2005FINISH: 31/12/2007

The use of alcohols, especially ethanol, in fuelcells offers a series of attractions, given that ethanolcan be obtained from biomass and electrochemicalconversion can be more efficient. Ethanol can beused as a source of hydrogen, or can be consideredfor direct oxidation in the fuel cell. In both cases,catalytic materials are necessary to guarantee a goodefficiency of conversion, given that ethanol, yieldsmany subproducts, such as acetaldehyde, formicacid and others. Therefore, the catalytic materialsmust be capable of promoting the complete dehy-drogenation of the ethanol. For this purpose, it isnecessary to find catalytic materials capable of pro-moting the disassociation of the C-C bond and ofpromoting the oxidation of the intermediate residuesabsorbed at low overpotentials. The studies will beof a fundamental and technological nature in orderto obtain the best electrocatalytic and catalytic mat-erials for ethanol oxidation and reformation

Support for Research

ADMINISTRATION

The production cycle of sugar and alcoholderived from sugarcane as a projectunder the Kyoto Protocol’s clean develop-ment mechanism: a study of eligibility,determination of baselines and...

PROCESS

1999/06700-5

COORDINATOR

Rubens Mazon

INSTITUTION

School of Business Administration / Getúlio Vargas Foundation (FGV)

START: 1/11/1999FINISH: 30/9/2001

This concerns the implementation of the thesisof doctoral candidate Carmen Silvia Sanches,under supervision of Prof. Dr. Rubens Mazon,together with the POI department of FGV-SP,already assessed and approved by the examiningboard. The project considers as the subject forinvestigation the question of the eligibility of aninvestment project to be implemented under theKyoto Protocol’s Clean Development Mechanism.Thus, it takes as the object of study the expansion ofthe “Production cycle of sugar and alcohol derivedfrom sugarcane” covering all the activities and prod-ucts of the sugar mill, namely, sugar, alcohol and thesubproducts derived from sugarcane, including abiomass for energy generation

A study for the introductionof small and medium enterprisesinto the Piracicaba alcohol APL

PROCESS

2005/59633-6

COORDINATOR

Osvaldo Elias Farah

INSTITUTION

School of Business Management / Piracicaba Methodist University (Unimep)

START: 1/4/2006FINISH: 31/3/2007

This research will be aimed at a study of the smalland medium sized businesses manufacturing equip-ment for sugar and alcohol factories located in the

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region of Piracicaba, with a view to these enterprisesconstituting important links in the supply chain ofthe alcohol sector in the region. A diagnosis will beundertaken to evaluate their potential for participat-ing effectively in the development of the LocalProduction Arrangement for Alcohol (APL) which isin the implementation phase in the municipality. Thestudy will be exploratory and will use as backgroundtheoretic concepts originating in the administrativearea specifically geared to the study of businessnetworks, clusters, APLS, strategic alliances,entrepreneurship, and others. Field research will beundertaken, through interviews aimed at the princi-pal executives of the businesses, in order to diagnosethe main problem that need to be solved for theintroduction of these companies into the APL in sucha way as to develop it for the growth of the alcoholsector aiming not only at the internal distribution ofproduct but also at its large scale export, given thatdemand is growing on a worldwide scale. The resultswill be manipulated in scores graded 0 to 5, and willbe averaged out in order to identify the most vulner-able points for interventionist actions of short, medi-um and long term. By way of results it is hoped thatthe questions raised in the theory relating to smallbusinesses will be confirmed in terms of hypothesesand routes to be taken in support of a more efficientbusiness practice when dealing with problems ofinterrelationships fostering an appropriate synergybetween the set-up assisting the corporate admini-stration in the resolution of management problems.

AGRONOMY

Evaluation of N losses in sugarcane fields with green cane harvesting system

PROCESS

1998/04962-0

COORDINATOR

Rosana Faria Vieira

INSTITUTION

Embrapa Meio Ambiente

START: 1/8/1998FINISH: 30/9/2001

The harvesting of green sugarcane has continuedto gain increasing acceptance in areas which permitthe harvesting with machines. In these conditions,however, urea, a nitrogenated fertilizer much used insugarcane plantations, may suffer large lossesthrough volatization. The presence of straw, there-

fore, should lead to changes in the application ofnitrogenated fertilizers to be used on the sugarcane.Such fertilizers, however, could influence in amarked manner the microbiological activity of thesoil or even in the immobilization of N by themicroorganism causing undesirable losses of thatelement of the system. Thus, the aim of this projectis to evaluate N losses in sugarcane cultivations.

Effects of harvesting sugarcane without burning on the dynamic of carbon and soil properties

PROCESS

1998/12648-3

COORDINATOR

Christian Leon Feller

INSTITUTION

Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture /University of São Paulo (Cena/USP)

START: 1/1/1999FINISH: 30/6/2001

To evaluate the effects of harvesting sugarcanewithout burning on the carbon balance with the aimof favoring the sequestration of carbon in the soiland to diminish the emission of greenhouse effectgases in subtropical conditions.

Identification and diagnosis of the viruses that cause sugarcanemosaic in the state of São Paulo

PROCESS

2002/03697-8

COORDINATOR

Marcos Cesar Gonçalves

INSTITUTION

São Paulo Biological Institute / SAA-SP

START:1/12/2002FINISH: 30/11/2004

Sugarcane mosaic is caused by a viral complexbelonging to the subgroup of the Sugarcane mosaicvirus, Potyvirus genus, Potyviridae family. This sub-group consists of four species of potyvirus:Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV), Maize dwarfmosaic virus (MDMV), Johnsongrass mosaic virus(JGMV), Sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV); and theirdifferent lineages. This project proposes to explore

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the reasonable volume of information available inthe international literature with respect to SCMV,combined with the use of serology and biomoleculartools aimed at the data collection, identification andthe development of a reliable diagnostic techniquefor the different species and lineages of the virus pre-sent in crops in the country. This information isfundamental for the better understanding of thepathogen and for the planning of control strategiesso as to prevent potential epidemics.

Influence of sugarcane farming systems on the leaching of triazine herbicides and nitrates to recharge area of Guarani aquifer

PROCESS

2002/05067-1

COORDINATOR

Antonio Luiz Cerdeira

INSTITUTION

Embrapa Meio Ambiente

START: 1/3/2003FINISH: 31/7/2004

A recharge area of the Guarani groundwateraquifer is located in the city of Ribeirão Preto, inBrazil, which is an important sugarcane and grainproducing area. Groundwater quality surveys con-ducted during the past decade indicate that someU.S. aquifers are contaminated with several herbi-cides and it appears that several current agriculturalpractices may have adverse impacts on groundwaterquality. Among these practices are mechanical sugar-cane harvesting and no-tillage grain production inBrazil. Triazine herbicides such as atrazine, ametryn,simazine and nitrogen fertilizers, which are knownto have high potential for groundwater contamina-tion are used in this area of Brazil. The objective ofthis proposal is to evaluate the potential groundwater contamination and analyze water quality inresponse to mechanical sugarcane harvesting, no-tillage and conventional peanut production in rota-tion after sugarcane. We will determine the amountof ground water contamination and the potentialmovement of triazines and nitrates in soil.

Characterization of industrial yeasts for ethanol production using cellular composition and kinetic characteristics

PROCESS

2003/00177-6

COORDINATOR

Claudia Steckelberg

INSTITUTION

Multidiscipline Center for Chemical, Biological andAgricultural Research / State University of Campinas (CPQBA/Unicamp)

START: 1/7/2004FINISH: 30/6/2007

The aim of this work is to contribute to theknowledge of the characteristics of the dominantstrains of yeast in industrial fermentative processesin Brazilian distilleries. The study is looking todescribe the attributes of fermentative performanceand cellular composition of isolated strains fromseveral installed processes in different regions ofBrazil, with particular characteristics, and of comm-ercial strains currently used in the output of severalfactories. It is intended to collect samples from 30industrial units for isolation of the dominant yeaststrains in the process which will be tested with comm-ercial strains identified as BG1, BG2, CA T1, SA1,CR1 and PE2, supplied by Lallemam of Brazil, andthe Y904, supplied by Mauri of Brazil. These strainswill be evaluated in relation to their fermentativeperformance, tolerance to ethanol, karyiotype andcellular composition (profile of fatty acids).Subsequently it is intended to begin the creation of adatabase which will gather information on thecharacteristics (kinetic and cellular composition) ofyeast in industrial processes.

Form of landscape as criterion in the sampling optimization of soils undersugarcane cultivation Jaboticabal, SP

PROCESS

2004/09553-3

COORDINATOR

Gener Tadeu Pereira

INSTITUTION

Jaboticabal School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences / Paulista State University(FCAV/Unesp)

START: 1/5/2005FINISH: 30/4/2007

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The area of the present study is located in theSanta Adélia factory, in the municipality ofJaboticabal, in the Ribeirão Preto region, in thenorth-east of the State of São Paulo, which forms apart of the geomorphic province of CuestasBasálticas (Basalt Hills), on the edge of the easternSão Paulo plateau. The region has gently rolling hillswith an average altitude of 600 meters. The geologi-cal material in the area being studied is related to theSão Bento group of basalts, of the Serra Geral form-ation. The slope studied was chosen on the basis ofits predominantly basaltic origin with similar peda-logical characteristics and tractability. A commercialarea was selected as it permitted the practical pur-poses of this study. The soil sampling will be carriedout 1 point for each 4 hectares. In the LC sectorwhich represents 172 hectares (Argisoil) 47 pointswill be sampled, 71 points in the GS sector with 158hectares (Latosoil), and 150 points in the MS sectorwith 515 hectares (Latosoil/Argisoil). Soil sampleswill be collected at a depth of 0-00-0.50 meters withan electronic probe and the chemical and physicalproperties of the soil determined. The practicalimportance of this study is related to the followingfact: through the comparison of the range of thesemivariograms, between sectors, it is possible toestimate the ideal number of samples to characterizeeach unit and the variability of most of the chemicaland physical attributes. Through the Sanos 0.1 pro-gram the need is confirmed for a greater number ofsamples in a segment of greater variability, this beingan intelligent and easy to use application.

Application of fusel oil inthe chemical eradication of sugarcane

PROCESS

2005/02762-9

COORDINATOR

Carlos Alberto Mathias Azania

INSTITUTION

Campinas Institute of Agronomy / SAA-SP

START: 1/1/2006FINISH: 30/6/2008

Fusel oil, generated in the distillation of alcohol,is the only waste substance from the sugar-alcoholsector that does not have applicability in agriculture,being sold at low cost as a raw material to chemicalindustries. However, according to some recentlydeveloped research, a potential use as herbicide waspinpointed for fusel oil. Thus, within this context, ithas become important to study fusel oil as a herbi-

cide substitute. Given this, the objective of this workis to study the efficiency of fusel oil in chemical erad-ication in sugarcane. The work will be conducted inpots at the premises of the Sugar Center of theCampinas Institute of Agronomy, located inRibeirão Preto, São Paulo. The experiment will beinstalled in a completely random layout with 4 rep-etitions and analyzed in factorial scheme 7 x 3. Thefactors will consist of different concentrations offusel oil and a single dose of glyphosate (7 levels)and by different volumes of application solution (3levels). The efficiency of the fusel oil in terms ofsugarcane chemical eradication will be evaluatedgauged by the percentage of attacks and height of theplants at 7, 15, 30 and 60 days after treatment (DAT);re-growth and dry mass at 60 DAT. At the end of thiswork it is hoped, in addition to find the best con-centration and volume of solution for the eradica-tion of sugarcane, to gain funding for future researchin this area.

Herbicides applied to green sugarcane: mobility and selectivity

PROCESS

2005/04547-8

COORDINATOR

Patrícia Andréa Monquero

INSTITUTION

Center for Agrarian Sciences / Federal Universityof São Carlos (CCA/UFSCar)

START: 1/11/2006FINISH: 31/10/2007

Sugarcane cultivation absorbs huge amounts oflabor and inputs in its production cycle. Within theinputs, herbicides represent around 56 per cent of thevolume sold in the country. Inhibitors of acetolactatesynthase and photosynthesis inhibitors are herbi-cides widely used because of their low toxicity to ani-mals, high selectivity for crops, for their efficiencyand broad spectrum of control of harmful plants.However, with the actual tendency to increase areasof sugarcane harvested without prior burning, thehandling of harmful plants is experiencing signifi-cant changes, necessitating greater study with respectto herbicides which adapt to this type of harvesting.Therefore, this research will analyze mobilitythrough different quantities of sugarcane straw andthe lixiviation of the herbicides tryfloxysulphuron +ametryn, imazapic, imazapyr and diuron+hexazi-none and will study the selectivity of the herbicidestrifloxysulfuron-sodium + ametryn, trifloxysul-

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furon-sodium + ametryn + diuron+hexazinone,diuron+hexazinone, diuron+hexazinone + ametrynand ametryn in different strains of sugarcane.

Genetic mapping and identification of genetic and functional molecular markers associated with agronomic characteristics of interest in sugarcane

PROCESS

2005/55258-6

COORDINATOR

Luciana Rossini Pinto

INSTITUTION

Campinas Agronomy Institute / SAA-SP

START: 1/12/2005FINISH: 30/11/2008

In Brazil, the sugarcane agribusiness turns overaround R$ 36 billion each year. The mapping ofQTLs relating to sugar levels and the components ofproduction (number of profiles, diameter andheight of stalks) is of great importance to sugarcaneimprovement. Sucest has enabled the developmentof functional markers for the genetic mapping. Suchmarkers are ideal for assisted selection, given thatthese markers may be responsible for the character-istic in question. The present project aims to initiatea program of genetic mapping for the Cana IAC pro-gram. Molecular markers of the AFLP type, genom-ic and functional microsatellites (EST-SSRs) withhomology to genes of interest will be used for theconstruction of a genetic map starting from a bi-parental crossing, between elite materials of the pro-gram. It is intended to detect and map QTLs associ-ated with sugar levels and to the components ofproduction and to verify the association of RFLPs-PCRs markers developed from ESTs correspondingto genes expressed during the interaction withPuccinia melanocephala, with resistance to rust. Theconstruction of this genetic map will assist in thevalidation of the genomic and functional markersassociated with agronomic characteristics of interestidentified in other sugarcane maps, giving support inthe application of these markers for assisted selection.

Control of the sugarcane weevil,Sphenophorus levis, with entomopathogenic nematodes

PROCESS

2006/59541-7

COORDINATOR

Antonio Batista Filho

INSTITUTION

São Paulo Institute of Biology / SAA-SP

START: 1/3/2007FINISH: 28/2/2009

Amongst the pests that damage sugarcane cropsin the State of São Paulo, the curculionid beetleSphenophorus levis Vaurie, 1978, has grown inimportance, principally as it spread to areas where itsincidence had not been previously registered. Thisinsect known also as the sugarcane weevil, in its lar-val phase, feeds on the rhizome of the plant, beingcapable of causing damage to between 5 and 60per cent of the shoots, and losses in productionof up to 30 per cent. Entopathogenic nematodes ofthe Heterorhabditis and Steinernema kind haveshown themselves to be fairly effective in the controlof several species of curculionids, including theSphenophorus kind which constitutes a significantpest in the United States and Japan. In Brazil, severalpieces of research have demonstrated great potentialin the use of the Steinernema sp. IBCB-n6 nematodefor the control of the sugarcane weevil ever since thefirst study on the subject. This project will have thefollowing objectives: 1) to evaluate new isolates ofnematodes against S. levis adults; 2) to evaluate thevirulence of Steinernema sp. IBCB-n06 replicated intwo species of hosts, against S. levis adults; 3) to eval-uate the efficiency of Steinernema against S. levis insugarcane areas with and without straw covering; 4)to determine the best time of the year and number ofapplications of Steinernema sp. in the control of S.levis; 5) to evaluate the efficiency of Steinernema sp.in application with vinasse in the control of S. levis;and 6) to evaluate the persistence of Steinernema sp.in sugarcane areas treated with the nematode, andthe efficiency of the control agent of S. levis.

Efficiency of the mixture of ripeners and of the association of boron and silicon via foliar application to sugarcane(Saccharum officinarum l.)

PROCESS

2007/00034-1

COORDINATOR

Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol

INSTITUTION

Botucatu School of Agronomic Sciences / Paulista State University (Unesp)

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START: 1/4/2007FINISH: 31/3/2009

The object of the research is to evaluate the effi-ciency of ripener mixtures, with different mecha-nisms of action, and the association of boron and sil-icon via foliar application, by means of biometric,biochemical and technological evaluations, as well asthe residual effect in the re-growth of the sugarcanerootstock, both in the application at the start and atthe end of the harvest. Consequently, the presentresearch project will consist of 3 experiments set upand carried out in October 2006, March andOctober 2007 and March 2008 (totaling 12 experi-ments) in sugarcane second harvest, in the FazendaBosque, situated in the municipality of Igaraçú doTietê, State of São Paulo, belonging to the CosanGroup; Barra Unit (Barra Factory). The experimen-tal outline used in all the experiments will be in ran-dom blocs with five repetitions. In the experimentsat the start of the harvest the RB855453 (early ripen-ing) variety will be used, and at the end of the har-vest the SP80-3280 (late ripening) variety. Experiment1 will consist of two treatments: the application ofthree chemical ripeners (KNO3, Sulfometuron-methyl and Glyphosate) plus the control bloc (natu-ral ripening) associated with B foliar (with and with-out application); experiment 2 will consist of thefollowing treatments: the application of three chem-ical ripeners (KNO3, Sulfometuron-methyl andGlyphosate) plus the control bloc (natural ripening)associated with Si foliar (with and without applica-tion). Experiment 3 will consist of the followingtreatments: 1 – control bloc, without application ofripener, 2 – application of Glyphosate, 3 – applica-tion of Sulfometuron-methyl, 4 – application ofTrinexapac ethyl, 5 – application of the mixtureGlyphosate and Sulfometuron-methyl and 6 – appli-cation of the mixture of Glyphosate and Trinexapacethyl. The application of the treatments will occur inthe months of March and September/October. Thebiochemical, biometric and technological results willbe evaluated. The results will be subjected to vari-ance analysis and the averages compared by DMS to5 per cent probability.

BIOCHEMISTRY

Proposal for DNA coordinator of the sugarcane EST project (Sucest)

PROCESS

1998/12250-0 – Sugarcane Genome Project

COORDINATOR

Paulo Arruda

START: 1/12/1998FINISH: 31/5/2004

Preparation of a genomic library of Xylella fastidiosa in lambda phage andpreparation of sugarcane CDNA libraries

PROCESS


COORDINATOR

André Luiz Vettore de Oliveira

START: 1/2/1999FINISH: 4/7/2001

Data mining

PROCESS


COORDINATOR

Francisco Gorgônio da Nóbrega

START: 1/6/1999FINISH: 31/8/2002

Sugarcane Genome Project: sequencing laboratory

PROCESS


COORDINATOR

Suely Lopes Gomes

START: 1/6/1999FINISH: 31/5/2002


Elaboration of a multimediaprogram, for dimensioningand calculations for sugar industryand use in teaching activity

PROCESS

1997/11220-7

COORDINATOR

Tadeu Alcides Marques

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INSTITUTION

Multidiscipline Center for Chemical, Biological and Agricultural Research / State University of Campinas (CPQBA/Unicamp)

START: 1/3/1998FINISH: 31/3/1999

The intention is to develop a piece of multimediasoftware, with images, animations and calculationroutines for dimensioning and detailing of equip-ment for the sugar-alcohol sector, aiming to providetechnical support and teaching activities, for use inthe productive sector and in teaching institutions. Itis important to highlight that with the advance ofinformation technology, complex and lengthy calcu-lations can be resolved in record time, meeting thepractical need of the sugar sector and enabling moreexact and precise decision taking, providing higherrevenues and productivity.

Development of a fluidized packed-bedreactor for production of ethanol usingflocculent yeast strains

PROCESS

1998/02708-9

COORDINATOR

Silvio Roberto Andrietta

INSTITUTION

Multidisciplinary Center for Chemical, Biologicaland Agricultural Research / State University of Campinas (CPQBA/Unicamp)

START: 1/7/1998FINISH: 30/6/1999

Selection will be made from among 17 isolatedflocculent strains from the industrial unit of theDiana distillery during the 96/97 harvest, of one ormore that display the characteristics of high speedgrowth, high alcohol yield, high speed of substrateconsumption and raised flocculation capacity. Basedon this selection the strain will be tested in a tower-type fermentor where it is hoped to operate it with afluidized bed. Studies will be undertaken in thisreactor relating to the diameter/height of the bed,recycle flow rate, concentration of substrate in thefeed and feed flow rate. It will be used to define tri-als to be carried out or experimental factorial plann-ing (response surface method).

Development of process of stabilization of clarified sugarcane juice with added acidic fruit juices

PROCESS

2001/06304-4

COORDINATOR

Roberto Herminio Moretti

INSTITUTION

School of Food Engineering / State University ofCampinas (FEA/Unicamp)

START: 1/1/2002FINISH: 31/12/2003

Sugarcane juice, a drink that is popularly knownand commonly sold by streets vendors in Brazil, is aproduct the possession of which has proved to be alucrative business. Bearing this in mind, there isgreat interest in the development of technologiesthat will allow it to keep for longer periods of time,since it is a perishable product. The work referred to,aims to stabilize the drink through its clarification,the use of thickener/stabilizer, preservative and anantioxidant, as complementary procedures to pas-teurization and refrigeration. In addition to this,tests will be conducted on the sensory improvementand the conservation of the drink through the mix-ture of concentrated juices of acidic fruits such aspineapple and lemon.

Determination of the sensorycharacteristics of sugarcane spiritsproduced in the central region of the state of São Paulo

PROCESS

2001/12931-1

COORDINATOR

João Bosco Faria

INSTITUTION

Araraquara School of Pharmaceutical Sciences / Paulista State University (Unesp)

START: 1/5/2003FINISH: 31/5/2007

The establishment of quality standards forBrazilian cachaça is a fundamental stage if one is tothink of establishing a quality control capable ofguaranteeing the access of that drink to the interna-tional market. In this sense, in addition to knowingand controlling the main ingredients liable to cause

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defects in that drink, it is also vital to be aware of thesensory characteristics associated with the productsof greater and lesser acceptance, so as to be able thento act in the direction of improving the quality of theliquors produced. The survey and collection of sam-ples from the cachaça producers in the region willmake it possible, for the first time, through sensoryanalysis and the determination of the profile ofvolatiles (parallel project presented by Prof. DouglasW. Franco – IQSC-USP), to furnish a picture of thecurrent situation and of the possible means of actionto improve and control the quality of the liquor pro-duced here. Partnerships with town halls will pavethe way for a future concerted action with a view toimprovements in the quality of this product.

Production of extrafine glucose andethanol derived from sugarcane bagasse

PROCESS

2002/13037-5

COORDINATOR

João Batista de Almeida and Silva

INSTITUTION

Lorena School of Engineering / University of São Paulo (USP)

START: 1/7/2004FINISH: 31/12/2006

This work consists of the study of the processesof purification and crystallization of glucoseobtained from the hydrolysis of the cellulosic frac-tion of sugarcane bagasse. The cellulosic hydrolysatesubjected to the purification process, will yield a glu-cose syrup. The fermentative process will be carriedout using the purified glucose syrup as a fermenta-tion medium for Saccaromyces cerevisiae, with a viewto obtaining ethanol. Evaluation will be undertakenof the best cultivation conditions, in order to obtaina product with a high index of purity and in suitablecondition for the production of fine drinks andother products of interest.

Extraction and transesterification of soya oil with ethanol for production of biodiesel

PROCESS

2004/15164-0

COORDINATOR

Marisa Aparecida Bismara Regitano D Arce

INSTITUTION

Luiz de Queiroz Higher School of Agriculture /University of São Paulo (Esalq/USP)

START: 1/6/2005FINISH: 31/7/2007

The present project aims to carry out the extract-ion and the process of transesterification of soya oilwith ethanol to obtain biodiesel (ethylic esters), a fuelderived from a renewable raw material. Soya sampleswill be subjected to the process of extraction withethanol, and the micelles obtained will be transester-ified directly so as to obtain biodiesel using NaOH ascatalyst. After the reaction, the fraction containingglycerine and the excess ethanol will be separated andthe ethylic esters obtained will be neutralized anddried for subsequent characterization, according tothe preliminary specification of the ANP.

Alcoholic extraction of vegetable oils:study of the solid-liquid equilibrium andthe stage of the recovery of the solvent

PROCESS

2006/00565-4

COORDINATOR

Christianne Elisabete da Costa Rodrigues

INSTITUTION

School of Zootechnics and Food Engineering /University of São Paulo (USP)

START: 1/7/2006FINISH: 30/6/2008

The present research project aims to study thetechnical viability of the use of less aggressive sol-vents, as substitutes for hexane, in the process of theextraction of vegetable oils from solid matrices. Theuse of alcoholic solvents as substitutes for hexaneoffers considerably attractive advantages from theenvironmental point of view, given that the suggest-ed solvent is produced via biotechnology, does notgenerate toxic waste, presents a lower handling riskbecause of its lower degree of inflammability and isconsidered safe for human health. Advantages fromthe economic point of view are also evident, giventhat ethanol is produced on a large scale in Braziland can easily be recovered, for subsequent re-use inthe process. Although some advantages to the sub-stitution of hexane by ethanol are evident, there arelacunae which need to be addressed through a sys-tematized study of the solid-liquid extraction pro-cess. As a first effort in the direction of implement-

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ing the use of ethanol as an extractant of vegetableoils from solid matrices an experimental study of theextraction is proposed with the determination ofcurves of equilibrium and kinetics in thermostaticequipment. In these trials, the objective is to moni-tor indices of quality of the oil extracted such as: freefatty acids, phosphatides, color and unsaponifiablecompounds, principally, antioxidant and vitamincompounds. In addition, it is intended to ascertainthe optimum conditions of contact between solidand solvent, such as: preparation of the seeds, solidrate: solvent, extraction temperature, contact time,recovery of solvent, among others. On this last topic,recovery of solvent, what will mainly be evaluated isthe viability of using a deacidification technique byliquid-liquid extraction, using ethanol as solvent,allied to the process of oil extraction from theoleaginous matrix using an alternative solvent.

Study of the contamination of sugarcane juice by polycyclic aromatichydrocarbons (PAH)

PROCESS

2006/52186-7

COORDINATOR

Sílvia Amélia Verdiani Tfouni

INSTITUTION

Institute of Food Technology / SAA-SP

START: 1/2/2007FINISH: 31/1/2008

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbonates (HPAs) arecompounds formed from the incomplete burning oforganic material and constitute an important class ofenvironmental pollutants, many of them proven tobe carcinogenic. In Brazil, the harvesting of sugar-cane is done generally after the burning of the canefields. This procedure could result in the contamina-tion of the sugarcane by HPAs, and consequently, ofthe products obtained from the cane. In the presentstudy, samples of juices commercialized in the citiesof Campinas and Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, will becollected at two different times in the year and ana-lyzed for the presence of 4 HPAs. The results of thisresearch should identify the levels of contaminationof the juices on sale and verify possible seasonal diff-erences in the levels of contamination

Use of alternative regional substrates for the production of ethanol, levan and sorbitol by Zymomonas mobilis

PROCESS

2006/54750-7

COORDINATOR

Crispin Humberto Garcia Cruz

INSTITUTION

São José do Rio Preto Institute of Biosciences,Arts and Exact Sciences / Paulista State University(Ibilce/Unesp)

START: 1/8/2006FINISH: 31/7/2008

The principal product of the fermentation of sug-ars by Zymomonas mobilis is ethanol when glucoseand fructose are used as carbon sources. However,when sucrose is used, the yield of ethanol decreasesowing to the formation of economically importantsubproducts such as levan and sorbitol. The use oflow cost, alternative regional substrates to obtainthese bio-products has become very interesting,since, in addition to the ease of acquisition and thelow cost, the products to be obtained have a highadded value. The principal objective of this work willbe to study the production process of ethanol, ofexopolysaccharide levan and of sorbitol by Zymomonasmobilis CCT 4494, using commercial sucrose, sugar-cane juice and molasses. In addition, evaluation willalso be undertaken of the activity of the levansucraseenzyme, aiming, subsequently, for its individual use.Tests will be conducted on the effect of the additionof different concentrations of sucrose, mineral salts(KCl, K2SO4; MoSO4 and CaCl2) in the productionmedia, as well as the influence of the incubationtemperature and the initial pH.

Addition of organic nutrient as source of proteic nitrogen to sugarcane must forthe production of alembic cachaça

PROCESS

2007/50195-1

COORDINATOR

Elisângela Marques Jerônimo

INSTITUTION

Paulista Technology Agency for Agribusiness (Apta)

START: 1/4/2007FINISH: 31/3/2009

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Brazil produces around 1.3 billion liters ofcachaça each year, a figure which reflects the socialand economic importance of this drink. In alembiccachaça production units the quality of the recycledferment is compromised and the nitrogenated com-plementation of the must could constitute a benefi-cial practice in the cellular multiplication andgrowth of the ferment and, for the improvement inthe indices of efficiency, yield and productivity ofthe process. For the production of cachaça in arti-sanal processes there are no specific studies on thefermentative characteristics of the yeast or on thequality of the drink, involving nitrogenated comple-mentation and, specifically the application of N pro-tein. Thus, the objective of this project is to evaluateorganic nutrient addition as a source of nitrogenprotein to the must of sugarcane juice, under themaintenance of the viability of the ferment andchemical and sensory quality of the cachaça, in fer-mentations with recycling of the decanted yeast, ona pilot scale, simulating the artisanal cachaça pro-duction process.

POLITICAL SCIENCE

Public policy lines of directionfor the sugarcane agroindustryin the state of São Paulo

PROCESS

2006/51725-1

COORDINATOR

Luis Augusto Barbosa Cortez

INSTITUTION

Interdisciplinary Nucleus for Energy Planning /State University of Campinas (NIPE/Unicamp)

START: 1/8/2006FINISH: 31/7/2008

The objective of this project is to propose lines ofdirection, strategies and policies for the develop-ment of the sugar-alcohol sector in the state of SãoPaulo. It will embrace the areas of agricultural andindustrial production, products and externalities.The team is composed of the Paulista Agency forAgribusiness Technology (Apta), in the role of insti-tutional partnership, and by the institutions: CTC,Embrapa, Faenquil, IPT, UFSCar, Unesp, Unicampand USP. The activities of diagnostics, analysis,prospection, evaluation, development of proposalsfor improvement, change and /or innovation anddissemination of knowledge constitute the scope of

the project. The result will take into considerationthe entire production chain and will offer subsidiesfor the development of public policies for the sector.

ECOLOGY

Production of brown sugar and otherorganic products in small holdings

PROCESS

1999/03106-5

COORDINATOR

Luiz Antonio Correia Margarido

INSTITUTION

Center for Agrarian Sciences / Federal University of São Carlos (CCA/UFSCar)

START: 1/7/1999FINISH: 31/10/2001

Despite the increase in productivity of the mainagricultural crops in recent years, the agriculturalmodel adopted, based on the assumptions of theGreen Revolution is questioned from the point ofview of sustainability. The project in question ismultidisciplinary and consists of an alternative pro-posal for the production of mascavo sugar and otherfood products in smallholdings. It concerns an alter-native for family agriculture, a segment whichdeserves special attention because of its importancewithin the national contexts and which contem-plates sustainability through ecological, social andeconomic approaches.

ECONOMY

Ecosystemic/energy related and economic evaluation of the sugar/alcoholsector in the state of São Paulo

PROCESS

2000/00178-4

COORDINATOR

Enrique Ortega Rodriguez

INSTITUTION

School of Food Engineering / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

START: 1/4/2000FINISH: 30/4/2001

The objective of this project is to study the man-

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ner in which new technological tendencies in thesugar-alcohol sector will change the profile of thesocioeconomic performance of sugar and alcoholfactories and draw up a scenario for the sector, using“energetics” methodology.


Sweeping of the ground during sugarcane harvest using a disk with articulated segments: design and experimental validation

PROCESS

2001/05910-8

COORDINATOR

Oscar Antônio Braunbeck

INSTITUTION

School of Agricultural Engineering / StateUniversity of Campinas (Unicamp)

START: 1/8/2001FINISH: 28/2/2003

The present study’s objective is to evaluate theperformance of an alternative mechanism for thesweeping and base cutting of sugarcane, which com-prises articulated cutting edges, which have thefunction of following the ground level and retract-ing when confronted with stones and stumps. Thisproposal is based on the fact that the conventionalcutter used in harvesters does not have the capacityto accompany the ground profile, causing problemswith the inclusion of earth along with the materialcollected, loss of raw material, frequent breakdownswith the cutting edges and excessive power demandsderiving from soil movement during the cuttingprocess. The evaluation of the proposed mechanismwill be carried out by means of mathematical mod-eling, simulation, dimensioning and subsequentexperimental validation of the pilot unit, with theobjective of quantifying the performance of theunit’s sweeper, procedures that will make it possibleto draw conclusions on the viability of the mecha-nism in subsequent trials under field conditions.

Performance of tractor tire type in areas with three conditions of surface:loose soil, firm soil, soil covered with sugarcane straw

PROCESS

2006/60423-9

COORDINATOR

Antônio Gabriel Filho

INSTITUTION

Botucatu School of Agronomic Sciences / PaulistaState University (Unesp)

START: 1/5/2007FINISH: 30/4/2008

The aim of this work is to quantify the tractionefficiency of a tractor fitted with diagonal and radialtires in conditions of soil with firm surface, dis-turbed surface (scarified) and soil with a vegetal cov-ering. The experimental layout will use three strips,defined by the conditions of the ground surface, dis-tributed in random blocs in a factorial scheme of2x4, with the treatments being defined by the twotypes of tire and four speeds of the tractor, withthree repetitions in each strip, totaling 72 experi-mental units. Monitoring will be carried out of theforce of traction, skidding of the rear and frontwheels, dislocation speeds and hourly fuel consump-tion, using the UMEB – the Mobile Unit for TractionBar Trials belonging to Nempa – Nucleus for Agro-forestry Machine and Tire Trials. UMEB was builtusing a mobile home-type trailer, modified andadapted for use as an instrumented dynametric car.Its total mass is 8,000 kg supported on a frame withfour double-wheel sets.

Sensitivity of sugarcane to excess groundwater

PROCESS

2006/61654-4

COORDINATOR

Sérgio Nascimento Duarte

INSTITUTION


START: 1/6/2007FINISH: 31/5/2009

The objective of this work is to determine theeffect of different speeds of decreasing the freaticlevel, in different stages of the development of sugar-cane, as well as to obtain an equation which corre-lates relative productivity with the daily stress index(DSI). The experiment will be conducted in 64

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lysimeters, in an experimental layout of randomizedblocs, arranged in a factorial scheme of (3 x 5 + 1),comprising 3 stages of development, 5 speeds ofdecrease in freatic level plus one control bloc thatwill not suffer stress through excessive humidity. Theresults obtained will make it possible to obtain adrainage criterion to calculate the spacing of drainsusing equations of non-permanent movement. Theequation that correlates to productivity relative tothe DSI will be used in the model Sisdrena (MIRAN-DA, 1997) for estimates of the most economicalspacing between drains, for the regions of RibeirãoPreto and Piracicaba.


Study of the behavior of materials for automotive components in combustible environments

PROCESS

1998/07529-5

COORDINATOR

Isolda Costa

INSTITUTION

Institute of Energy and Nuclear Research (Ipen)

START: 1/10/1998FINISH: 31/10/2001

This project will investigate the corrosive behav-ior of the alloys Al-Si-X (X=Cu, Mg, Fe), producedby spray conformation and from carbon steel in thepresence of gasoline fuel, alcohol fuel and pure alco-hol, the latter with additions of low levels of possi-ble contaminants of fuel alcohol. For comparativeeffect, methanol and ethanol will be used as thepure alcohols. The corrosive behavior will be stud-ied by means of loss of mass trials and electrochem-ical trials, with emphasis on the electrochemicalimpedance trial.

Derivatization of celluloses isolated from different sources

PROCESS

1998/14814-8

COORDINATOR

Elisabete Frollini

INSTITUTION

Institute of Chemistry de São Carlos / University of São Paulo (IQ/USP)

START: 1/3/1999FINISH: 28/2/2001

The intention in this work is to subject cellulos-es obtained from different sources to an atmosphereof ionized air, in order to evaluate if this treatmenthas any influence on the process of solubilizationand derivatization of these substances. These macro-molecules will be evaluated as to the degree of crys-tallinity, molar mass, sweeping electronicmicroscopy, and inverse phase gas chromatography.Using celluloses that have and have not been sub-jected to ionized air, it is intended to synthesizeacetates of cellulose with diversified degrees of sub-stitution, in homogeneous and heterogeneousmedia, which will be characterized as to the degreeof substitution, uniformity of substitution, thermalstability, average molar mass and distribution ofmolar mass.


Reduction of emissions from spark ignition engines through use of pre-vaporized alcohol, multiple directinjection and excess air combustion

PROCESS

1999/11964-1

COORDINATOR

Josmar Davilson Pagliuso

INSTITUTION

São Carlos School of Engineering / University ofSão Paulo (USP)

START: 1/9/2000FINISH: 31/8/2003

It is proposed to reduce pollutant emissionsfrom automobile engines through the use of vapor-ized alcohol as a fuel and with excess air burn. A fuelvaporization and delivery system for light vehicleengines is discussed. Examination is made of themechanisms which contribute to the production ofpollutants in spark ignition engines and the poten-tial of vaporized alcohol to reduce the effect of sev-eral of these mechanisms.

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Use of biomass for fuel purposes: case study – sugarcane bagasse

PROCESS

2000/03087-0

COORDINATOR

Silvia Azucena Nebra de Perez

INSTITUTION

School of Mechanical Engineering / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

START: 1/9/2000FINISH: 30/9/2003

The present project centers on the study of theuse of biomass for fuel purposes focusing on differ-ent aspects of the problem based on a case study,that of sugarcane bagasse. This project is based onthe results of previous research which has beendeveloped by the group both in the areas of dryingand in the evaluation of the use of energy in thermalequipment. One of the aspects dealt with is that ofthe drying of the biomass, proposing to this end thestudy of cyclonic dryers. The ultimate objective is toobtain a viable proposal for an industrial dryer,which will contribute to energy savings in the fur-naces. The other aspect deals with the analysis of theuse of energy in the industrial plant. This part of thework was split into two areas: thermo-economicanalysis / optimization of the factory’s cogenerationplant and of the sugar production process. Theobjectives of each of these areas are different, butconcomitant. The analysis/ optimization of thecogeneration plant aims to obtain greater generationof electrical energy for the production process and adecrease in the consumption of process steam.

Expansion of study via the torrefication of sugarcane bagasse and thermalhomogenization of the torrefier

PROCESS

2002/03215-3

COORDINATOR

Carlos Alberto Luengo

INSTITUTION

Gleb Wataghin Physics Institute / State University of Campinas (IFGW/Unicamp)

START: 1/9/2002FINISH: 30/11/2003

This research funding aims to broaden and supp-ort logistically the activities of project 99/01064-3.Research will be directed in two directions: the studyof the torrefication process of briquettes of sugar-cane bagasse and the study of the phenomena ofheat transfer in the torrefication oven (in operat-ion). Both studies aim to improve the performanceand the scope of the proposed system. To supportthis activity, it is proposed to invite Professor Dr.Pedro Beaton, vice rector of the Universidad deOriente - Cuba, for a period of 30 days. The propos-als and the logistical requirements to bring thisabout are in the body of the text. The visitor will alsocollaborate on a course of interdisciplinary EnergyPlanning.

Conversion of diesel engine touse of vaporized alcohol

PROCESS

2005/55142-8

COORDINATOR

Geraldo Lombardi

INSTITUTION

São Carlos School of Engineering / University of São Paulo (USP)

START: 1/1/2006FINISH: 31/12/2007

The conversion of the diesel engine to exclusiveuse of vaporized alcohol is proposed. Two stages inthe testing of the engine are envisaged aiming for aconclusive economic-operational comparison, with-in two geometries: in the first, with the engine in itsoriginal configuration; in the second with the engineadapted for the use of alcohol adiabatically in the airof the turbo-compressor output. In each set of teststhe output power as a function of the fuel-air and ofthe rotation are measured. The emission of pollu-tants, handling and other necessary properties willbe monitored. The power is controlled by the fueldischarge with the admission of air from the turbo-compressor, preferably, open. The Diesel engineused is model MWM4. 1 OTCA with air intake cool-er, as used in trucks, harvesters and buses. Someelectronic controls are designed locally. It is pro-posed to develop the engine to a level for swift appli-cation in the market, providing conditions for thedrastic reduction in the emission of pollutants intothe urban atmosphere.

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Bagasse cellulose and sugarcane straw: chemical modification and application as reinforcement in polypropylene compounds

PROCESS

2002/12834-9

COORDINATOR

Adilson Roberto Gonçalves

INSTITUTION

Lorena School of Chemical Engineering

START: 1/10/2003FINISH: 30/9/2005

In this project composites will be obtained usingas reinforcement bagasse cellulose and sugarcanestraw chemically modified by benzylation and ben-zolation. The composites will be prepared in a force-fed degassing mono-thread extruder with variablecompositions of reinforcement (10-50 per cent),injected directly into molds with specific dimensionsfor mechanical trials of traction, flexion and shear-ing. The composites will be characterized by MEV,polarized light optic microscopy, TGA, DSC andTMA. Preliminary tests were undertaken to obtaincomposites in mono-thread extruder and “Dryser”mixer using bagasse cellulose as reinforcement forpolypropylene and the composite obtained wasmore homogeneous and displayed greater values ofresistance to traction and flexion than that obtainedin the extruder. However, mixing in the “Dryser”causes breakage in the length of the fibers, making itnecessary to study the fiber/matrix mixture.Optimization of the use of the extruder is essentialto obtain homogeneous composites which preservethe integrity of the fibers.

GENETICS

Molecular analysis (via rapd) of sugarcane plants derived from cultivation of meristems

PROCESS

1997/04617-8

COORDINATOR

Maria Lúcia Carneiro Vieira

INSTITUTION


START: 1/11/1997FINISH: 31/10/1999

Up to now, a proportion of sugarcane seedlingshave been obtained by micropropagation technique.This technology is valuable, since the varietal offer isbroad, thus enabling the acquisition of seedlings in ashort time span. However, some varieties, whenpropagated by the culture of meristems, display highlevels of somaclonal variation. In this project, trialswill be undertaken to monitor this process of vari-ability generation in sugarcane. Analysis will be carr-ied out on somaclones originating from the UsinaBarra Grande with abnormal characteristics whichaffect production. Analysis will also be undertakenof shoots originating from various stages (subcult-ures) of micropropagation, generated in the labora-tories of Copersucar and Usina Ester. The methodaims to detect alterations generated in vitro in thepatterns of DNA bands, using a molecular marker.

Genomic and functional characterizationof mutator transposons in sugarcane

PROCESS

2003/08890-3

COORDINATOR

Maria Magdalena Rossi

INSTITUTION

Institute of Biosciences / University of São Paulo (USP)

START: 1/4/2004FINISH: 31/3/2008

Transposition elements (TEs) constitute animportant part of the genetic material of eucarionts,representing from 45 per cent in humans to 50-80per cent in the genome of gramineous plants. In theSucest database, an abundant spectrum of expressedTEs was found. The most frequent element was thetransposon MuDR. Results obtained in our labora-tory revealed that there exists at least three classes ofthese transposons in plants and that these existedprior to the divergence between mono and dicotyle-dons. Within each of the classes the phylogeneticrelationships between the species are maintained.Each class presents patterns of genetic insertion, inaddition to frequency of different stop codons and

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frame shifts; these observations suggest differencesin the levels of activity of the elements. In this con-text, this project aims to clone the MuDR elementsin sugarcane for its subsequent genomic and funct-ional characterization, the specific objectives being:the cloning of at least one element of MuDR for eachone of the three classes identified, structural charac-terization of the cloned elements (introns, exons,TIRs, etc), characterization of the flanking regions,evaluation of the number of copies, identification ofthe parental contribution of the hybrids and thestudy of the expression of the elements.

Patenting of a sugarcane promoterinduced by herbivorous insects

PROCESS

2004/09979-0 – Program for the Supportof Intellectual Property (PAPI)

COORDINATOR

Márcio de Castro Silva Filho

INSTITUTION


START: 1/12/2004 FINISH: 30/11/2006

Characterization of the ssnac23 gene in transgenic sugarcane plants

PROCESS

2004/15865-8

COORDINATOR

Marcelo Menossi Teixeira

INSTITUTION


START: 1/4/2005FINISH: 31/3/2007

The study of the stress response mechanisms insugarcane can contribute to the creation of varietiesmore resistant to cold and drought. This projectaims to characterize the role of the SsNAC23 gene,induced by cold temperatures and with high similar-ity to transcription factors. To this end, the respons-es will be studied of plants superexpressing orsilenced for the SsNAC23 gene. Analyses of the pho-tosynthesis, levels of prolene and lipid peroxidation

will be conducted in the transgenic plants and incontrol plants, subjected or not to conditions of coldand hydric stress, so as to verify the greatest resist-ance of transgenic plants to these conditions. Thegenes regulated by the SsNAC23 factor of transcript-ion will be identified via microarrays of cDNA, com-paring control and transgenic plants.

Use of ethanol and ACC synthesis for the induction of maturation of sugarcane

PROCESS

2005/60513-5

COORDINATOR

Marcelo Menossi Teixeira

INSTITUTION


START: 1/8/2006FINISH: 31/7/2008

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) cultivation is amongthe most important activities in Brazil, it being a sect-or of great economic importance to the country dueto the increasing consumption of alcohol and sugar.A common practice prior to harvesting the cane isthe application of ethylene hormone precursors toaccelerate the final ripening of the plants, and con-sequently to increase sucrose levels. The main object-ive of this project is to develop a strategy to promotethe controlled ripening of the sugarcane at the endof the cultivation period, using ethanol in place ofethylene precursors. To this end, an evaluation willbe made of the use of an active promoter only in thepresence of ethanol (the ALC expression system ofAspergillus nidulans) controlling the expression ofthe gene that codifies the ACC synthase, a keyenzyme in the biosynthesis of ethylene. In this way,it is intended to activate the biosynthesis of ethylenethrough dusting with ethanol.

Biochemical and genetic characterization of the sugarcane glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) involvedin the disintoxication of herbicides

PROCESS

2006/52330-0

COORDINATOR

Antônio Vargas de Oliveira Figueira

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INSTITUTION

Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture /University of São Paulo (USP)

START: 1/8/2006FINISH: 31/7/2008

Glutathione S-transferases (GST) is an enzymewhich has the capability of conferring resistance tothe harmful effects of herbicides in various crops,principally gramineous. In the same way, syntheticcompounds called safeners (protectors) have thecapability of inducing the expression of GSTs ingramineous plants which, in turn, protect the cropfrom the application of certain herbicides. In sugar-cane, preliminary results suggest the potential of theGSTs for tolerance to some herbicides used in culti-vation. Sucest identified countless presumable tran-scripts of the main classes of this enzyme, but funct-ional studies of the GSTs in response to theherbicides have yet to be undertaken. Therefore, theidentification and characterization of the isoformsof sugarcane GSTs that are associated to the responseto the application of herbicides and safeners offerpotential in the possible selection of cultivars with adifferential expression or isoforms which increasetolerance to herbicides, or even their use for directmanipulation in transgenic plants.

Characterization of genes of unknown function preferentially expressed duringreproductive development in sugarcane (Saccharum spp.)

PROCESS

2006/60477-1

COORDINATOR

Marcelo Carnier Dornelas

INSTITUTION

Institute of Biology / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

START: 1/2/2007FINISH: 31/1/2009

Around 29.7 per cent of the total of ESTs gener-ated by the Sucest project correspond to proteins ofunknown function. A significant proportion of thesesequences is derived from libraries of inflorescences.The control of florescence is of great importance inthe cultivation of sugarcane and there are very fewmolecular studies of reproductive development in

gramineous plants. Thus, the intention is to use thesequences generated by Sucest for the identificationand characterization of evolutively preserved pro-teins of unknown function, preferably expressedduring reproductive development in sugarcane. Tothis end, use will be made of in-silico data mining,techniques of studies of genetic expression such asRT-PCR and hybridization in situ and the product-ion of transgenic plant-models containing alteredforms of the genes in question. We hope that withthis approach important information will beobtained with respect to the molecular control ofreproductive development in sugar cane and ingramineous plants in general.

Biochemical and molecular characterization of the sugarcane glutathione s-transferase: response to herbicides and safeners

PROCESS

2006/60196-2

COORDINATOR

Renato Rodrigues Ferreira

INSTITUTION


START: 1/5/2007FINISH: 30/4/2008

In Brazil, sugarcane is one of the most importantagribusinesses, representing around 3.5 per cent ofthe GDP, with the costs relating to the use of herbi-cides to protect this crop from infestation by harm-ful weeds being very telling, in the order of 240 mill-ion dollars per annum. Glutathione s-transferase isrecognized as giving various crops resistance to theharmful effects of herbicides. Similarly, some com-pounds called safeners have the capability of induc-ing the expression of GSTs, which protect the cropagainst the application of certain herbicides. Little isknown regarding the GSTs of sugarcane, however,biochemical and molecular studies aimed at anincrease in the knowledge of the probable isoformsof sugarcane GSTs in response to the action of her-bicides and safeners are opportune due to the poten-tial in the possible selection of varieties with expres-sion or isoforms that increase the resistance toherbicides, or even their use in transgenic plants.

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MICROBIOLOGY

Evaluation of different types of active charcoal in the treatment of the hemicellulose hydrolysate from sugarcane bagasse for the biotechnological production of xylitol

PROCESS

2000/14008-3

COORDINATOR

Maria das Graças de Almeida Felipe

INSTITUTION


START: 1/3/2001FINISH: 28/2/2003

The number of research projects on the develop-ment of a technology with a view to the biotechno-logical exploitation of sugarcane bagasse hydrolysatefor the production of xylitol is increasing every day.This fact is due principally to the peculiarities of xyl-itol as a non-cariogenic sweetener, for diabetics,obese people and recently as an aid in the treatmentof osteoporosis, in addition to this alternative tech-nology contributing to a reduction in the environ-mental impact caused by sugarcane bagasse. Thisstudy will evaluate different treatment of hemicellu-lose hydrolysate of sugarcane bagasse with activecharcoal to minimize the toxicity of the hydrolysate,aiming for improvement in the bioconversion xyloseto xylitol through Candida quilliermondii. Thehydrolysate obtained by acid hydrolysis will be treat-ed by the technique of alteration of its acid pH com-bined with the adsorption with active charcoal andimmediately this will be supplemented with nutri-ents. Fermentations will be carried out withhydrolysates treated with different types of activecharcoal, given that the efficiency of the treatment isdependent on the adsorption activity, the potentialof which is related to the physico-chemical proper-ties of the active charcoal and the conditionsemployed during the treatment. After the choice ofthe type of charcoal, studies will be carried out toestablish the parameters of adsorption: temperature,contact time, agitation, pH and concentration ofcharcoal, with the hydrolysates being used for thefermentations. The trials will be conducted inErlenmeyer flasks in a rotary shaker. Analyses will beundertaken regarding the composition of thehydrolysates, the reduction in the concentration ofthe toxic compounds such as acetic acid, phenoliccompounds, furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural,

pH, the consumption of sugars, formation of xylitoland cells, as well as variation in the pH of the fer-mentation. The concentration of sugars and toxiccompounds will be determined by liquid chro-matography and cellular growth will be analyzed byspectrophotometry and/or cell count in Neubauerchamber. The trials will conform to fractional facto-rial design 25-1.

New methodological proposal for the immobilization of cells of Candida guilliermondii in pva-cryogel forbioproduction of xylitol

PROCESS

2004/07209-3

COORDINATOR

Sílvio Silvério da Silva

INSTITUTION


START: 1/10/2004FINISH: 30/9/2006

At GPF/FAENQUIL work on immobilized cellshas been outstanding in recent years and hugeadvances have been made with these systems. At themoment the studies and advances point to newstrategies for techniques of immobilization and supp-ort materials. So the present work seeks to determinesuitable conditions for the immobilization of theCandida guilliermondii FTI 20037 yeast in PVA-cryogel for the production of xylitol, as well evaluat-ing the behavior of the biocatalyst/support system inthe system of repeated shaking in Erlenmeyers flasksand in a mixing bioreactor. It is hoped with theresults obtained, to have mastery of a methodologyfor the immobilization of cells of C. guilliermondiiin PVA-cryogel, that will permit the production ofxylitol in mixing bioreactor. It should be pointed outthat this work forms part of the line of research“Biotechnological exploitation of sugarcane bagassefor the production of xylitol through immobilizedcells” created with support from FAPESP.

Basic and applied aspectsof the industrial use of yeast

PROCESS

2005/01498-6

COORDINATOR

Cecília Laluce

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INSTITUTION

Araraquara Institute of Chemistry / Paulista State University (Unesp)

START: 1/2/2006FINISH: 31/1/2008

Dekkera and brettanomyces:characterization and fermentativebehavior of strains contaminating alcoholic fermentation

PROCESS

2005/04011-0

COORDINATOR

Sandra Regina Ceccato Antonini

INSTITUTION

Center for Agrarian Sciences / Federal Universityof São Carlos (CCA/UFSCar)

START: 1/6/2006FINISH: 31/5/2008

Brettanomyces/Dekkera yeasts are involved in theprocess of deterioration of wines after the end ofalcoholic and malolactic fermentations and areresponsible for the formation of secondary com-pounds that confer unpleasant odors on the wines.This is down to an opportunistic and non-competi-tive microorganism which has already been docu-mented in the continuous process of ethanol pro-duction and which can be combated with the use ofkiller yeast. Owing to the important role these yeastsplay as contaminants in the fermentative process ofwine and alcohol and the scant information there ison the subject, especially regarding ethanolic fer-mentation, the present study proposes to character-ize the strains of Dekkera/Brettanomyces isolatesfrom a variety of fermentative processes using phys-iological/biochemical tests, to verify the killer activi-ty and the sensitivity of the same yeasts to a varietyof killer toxins, in addition to evaluating the growthand the fermentative behavior of these strains inindustrial conditions. It is hoped that the results maycontribute to the understanding of the role theDekkera/Brettanomyces yeasts play in the process ofalcoholic fermentation in comparison with isolatesof winery environments, where knowledge is betterestablished. Fast and reliable tests are also proposedfor the detection of these strains in the processes,even though they have slow rates of growth and alow level of occurrence.

Evaluation polymers of vegetable origin in the detoxification of the hemicellulose hydrolysate from sugarcane bagasse and purification of the xylotil obtained by fermentation

PROCESS

2005/59496-9

COORDINATOR

Maria das Graças de Almeida Felipe

INSTITUTION

Lorena School of Engineering / University of São Paulo (USP)

START: 1/4/2006FINISH: 31/3/2008

The production of xylitol by means of biotech-nology is limited by the presence of compoundsconsidered toxic to the action of the yeast, such asphenols, acetic acid, furfural, 5-hydroxymetylfur-fural and heavy metals. To overcome this problem,the present work proposes to study the use of veg-etable tannin-based polymers in the treatment ofsugarcane bagasse hydrolysate, such as Bioclin andAcquapol ww, which possess a highly flocculentaction. The hydrolysate treated with the polymerswhich demonstrates the greatest removal of toxiccompounds and the least loss of xylose will be usedfor fermentations with a view to its evaluation as ameans for obtaining xylitol. In addition to the treat-ment of the hydrolysate, this work proposes to studythe use of the Biosugar polymer in the purificationof the fermented medium, given that this stage ofthe process is still very little researched. Both poly-mers used in the work are natural, biodegradableand offer low cost.

Quality of the raw material, fermentative microbiota and production of ethanol under attack from Mahanarva fimbriolata in sugarcane

PROCESS

2006/03005-0

COORDINATOR

Márcia Justino Rossini Mutton

INSTITUTION

Jaboticabal School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences / Paulista State University(FCAV/Unesp)

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START: 1/10/2006FINISH: 30/9/2008

The sugarcane spittlebug has become a majorpest in the Central-South region of Brazil due to theexpansion of the areas of cane harvest without burn-ing. The covering of straw left on the ground afterthe harvest offers ideal conditions for the survival ofnymphs of the insect. Recent research indicates thatthe pest causes production losses, reducing the tech-nological quality of the raw material destined forindustrial processing. The objective of the presentresearch is to study the influence of the damage doneto sugarcane by the spittlebug regarding the qualityof the raw material destined for processing, stabilityof the yeasts and fermentative performance, in addi-tion to the characteristics of ethanol productionwith yeast recycling. The results of this work willindicate how the spittlebug attacks interfere in theprocess of alcohol production from the field to thefinal product.

CHEMISTRY

Development of FIA systems involvingpervaporation and enzymatic immobilization for determination of chemical groups of agroindustrial interest

PROCESS

1997/03305-2

COORDINATOR

Elias Ayres Guidetti Zagatto

INSTITUTION


START: 1/8/1997FINISH: 31/7/1999

Analytical methods will be developed based onsystems of chemical analysis by flow injection andnon-chromatographic continuous separation for themonitoring of ethanol in an ethanolic fermentation,as well as the determination of reductive sugars; inaddition, the determination of urea in samples ofagronomic interest, especially, soils and fertilizers willbe undertaken. The determination of ethanol will becarried out via monitoring of hydrogen peroxideformed through the enzymatic reaction; the reduct-ive sugars will be determined by means of ion-select-ive electrodes with sensor immobilized in PVC. The

determination of urea will be carried out by meansof enzymatic reaction (immobilized urease).

Development of automatic procedures to monitor the evolution of alcoholic fermentation in sugar and alcohol plants

PROCESS

2000/04053-1

COORDINATOR

Eloísa Aparecida Mocheuti Kronka

INSTITUTION

Center for Exact, Natural Sciences andTechnologies / Ribeirão Preto University (Unaerp)

START: 1/11/2000FINISH: 30/11/2006

This project is aimed at the development ofautomatic analytical procedures for the determina-tion of glycerol, dextran, acetic aldehyde, lactic acidand succinic acid in fermented wine originatingfrom alcoholic fermentation. These substances areindicators of the evolution of the fermentation pro-cess, given that these determinations make it possi-ble to monitor and control the parameters that affectthe performance of the process. The analytical pro-cedures will be developed using analysis modulesbased on the concept of multicommutation andbinary sampling. Enzymatic reactions will be usedand detection through molecular absorption spec-trophotometry. The project includes, in addition tothe development of analytical procedures, the designand assembly of the analysis modules and the devel-opment of software for control and data acquisition.

Development and study of the reactivityof nanoparticle electrocatalysts obtainedby method of microemulsion: oxidation of methanol and ethanol

PROCESS

2000/15080-0

COORDINATOR

Inês Rabelo de Moraes

INSTITUTION

Ribeirão Preto School of Philosophy, Sciences and Arts / University of São Paulo (USP)

START: 1/1/2002FINISH: 31/7/2006

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Study of the electrocatalysis of oxidation reactions of organic fuels onordered intermetallic phases Pt-m

PROCESS

2003/00875-5

COORDINATOR

Antonio Carlos Dias Ângelo

INSTITUTION

Bauru School of Sciences / Paulista StateUniversity (Unesp)

START: 1/10/2003FINISH: 31/12/2006

Based on previous studies on materials obtainedby the deposition of metallic ions on platinum sur-face and also preliminary studies of oxidation oforganics in ordered intermetallic phases of BiPt, theaim of this project is to study the electrocatalysis ofthe oxidation reaction of methanol, ethanol, ethy-lene glycol and the corresponding carboxylic acidderivatives on the BiPt, SnPt, MoPt and MnPt phas-es, in acid medium. The reactions will be studiedthrough techniques of cyclic voltammetry, rotatingdisk electrode, differential electrochemical massspectroscopy and spectroscopy in the infraredregion. The kinetic parameters and the mechanisticinformation obtained will be interpreted with a viewto establishing a clearer relationship between thecharacteristics of the electrodic surface and the elec-trocatalytic activity in the respective reactions.

Electrochemical studies on platinum-based electrocatalysts using alternative fuels in cells of the solid polymer electrolyte type

PROCESS

2003/03127-0

COORDINATOR

Almir Oliveira Neto

INSTITUTION

Institute of Energy and Nuclear Research (IPEN)

START: 1/10/2003FINISH: 30/9/2007

The electro-oxidation reactions of ethyl glycoland ethanol will be studied on electrocatalysts basedon Platinum-Ruthenium, Platinum-Tin andPlatinum-Ruthenium-Tin dispersed in high surface

area carbon. These catalysts will be prepared bymodified formic acid and ethylene glycol method.The chemical composition of the electrocatalystswill be determined by EDX, the average size of theparticles by X-ray diffraction. Other techniques,such as Infra-red Spectrometry and High ResolutionElectron Microscope could be used for the charact-erization of the electrocatalysts produced. The per-formance of the electrocatalysts during the reactionswill be studied through the voltammetric profiles.The electrocatalysts that demonstrate the best per-formance will be tested in unitary fuel cells of thesolid polymer membrane type (polarization curves).Also to be carried out in this work will be a study ofthe optimization of the composition of the Pt-basedcatalysts, given that there are few studies in whichethylene glycol and ethanol are used as a fuel.

Electrochemical and spectroscopic studies of the oxidation reaction of ethanol in acid medium

PROCESS

2003/11205-0

COORDINATOR

Giuseppe Abiola Camara da Silva

INSTITUTION

São Carlos Institute of Chemistry / University of São Paulo (IQ/USP)

START: 1/7/2004FINISH: 31/3/2005

In this work different aspects referring to theOxidation Reaction of Ethanol (ORE) will be ana-lyzed. In the first instance the catalytic reaction infunction of the crystallographic orientation of plat-inum will be evaluated. Next Pt electrodes modifiedby the inclusion of a second metal will be investigat-ed. Electrochemical studies will be undertaken cou-pled to spectroscopic techniques. In a later phase,dispersed catalysts will be prepared based on com-positions that present the best catalytic activityregarding ORE. The studies should end with thephysical and electrochemical characterization ofelectrocatalysts prepared in identical conditions tothose used in fuel cells.

Development of Pt-Sn, Pt-Sn-Ru and Pt-Sn-Ni catalysts for electrocatalytic oxidation of ethanol for use in direct fuel cell (defc)

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PROCESS

2005/02849-7

COORDINATOR

Adalgisa Rodrigues de Andrade

INSTITUTION

Ribeirão Preto School of Philosophy, Sciences andArts / University of São Paulo (USP)

START: 1/5/2006FINISH: 30/4/2008

Ethanol, a renewable fuel with a wide distribu-tion network in the country, has become a potential-ly interesting candidate for use in fuel cells which useit directly without the need of reformation. For themost advantageous generation of energy, what isinteresting in this oxidation is the complete trans-formation of ethanol into carbon dioxide. In thisprocess, 12 electrons are transferred. However, thebreak in the ethanol C-C bond occurs on a verysmall scale in the majority of the catalysts known sofar. The formation of CO2 is seriously hindered dueto the competition between the formation of the lessoxidized products, namely, acetaldehyde and aceticacid. This is a serious limitation in the use of ethanolas a fuel in devices without reformation. The use ofethanol depends on the understanding of the vari-ous stages of oxidation and of the limitations infunction of the experimental variables and surface ofthe electrocatalysts. Several fundamental studiesbroach the subject of ethanol oxidation. Despitegreat advances in the understanding of the oxidationreaction the efficient breaking of the C-C bond isstill a challenge. In our laboratory we have studiedthe oxidation of small organic molecules, aiming tounderstand some aspects of this oxidation in oxidesof precious metals. Recently, with the support of theMinistry of Science and Technology the BrazilianFuel Cell System Program was set up, which seeks tobroaden out and collect and share information andknowledge among the various research laboratorieson fuel cell systems. Ultimately, the transfer of thisinformation to the productive sector aims to makeBrazil self-sufficient in this technology. In this con-text, the present project aims to acquire the rawmaterials and equipment in order to prepare the lab-oratory for the research developed in the ChemistryDepartment in Ribeirão Preto’s School ofPhilosophy, Sciences and Arts, which deals withresearch into multi-metal catalysts for the electro-catalytic oxidation of ethanol for use in direct fuelcell 3 (DEFC).

FORESTRY RESOURCES AND FORESTRY ENGINEERING

Mathematical programming in the exploitation of sugarcane harvest residual biomass

PROCESS

2006/02476-9

COORDINATOR

Helenice de Oliveira Florentino Silva

INSTITUTION

Botucatu Institute of Biosciences / Paulista State University (Unesp)

START: 1/11/2006FINISH: 31/10/2008

Brazil is the world’s largest producer of sugar-cane. This crop is produced mainly to obtain sugarand alcohol. In the period 2005/2006 the countryachieved production of approximately 436.8 milliontons of sugarcane, providing a 28.9 per cent increasein the sugar/alcohol sector compared with the previ-ous harvest. Despite this, a current concern of thesector is the waste generated in the harvesting of thecane, since one of the common practices is the pre-harvest burning of the straw, something which hascaused considerable environmental damage. Thispractice has been condemned by environmental andgovernment agencies, and today there are laws whichlay out deadlines for the gradual reduction of theburnings in the cane fields. Yet, without the burningsand with a greater build-up of straw on the ground,favorable conditions are created for the appearanceof pests and also the delay in the sprouting of thecane, thus compromising the next harvest. Withthese problems, the straw derived from the greencane, has become a focus for researchers and pro-ducers. The advantages in gathering it up, recoveringit and making use of it have mobilized universityresearchers, managers and directors of sugar facto-ries, who are interested in finding the most product-ive, economic and efficient way for this operation. Afairly promising alternative is the exploitation of thestraw in the generation of electricity. Since, in addi-tion to the energy potential of this biomass, there areadvantages relating to environmental questions, thepreservation of jobs, and the projection of limitedlife for energy resources of natural origin, and oth-ers. Given the huge importance of this subject, theBotucatu Nucleus of the Systems Modeling and

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Optimization Group IB/UNESP, proposes the studyof the techniques of mathematical optimization andmodeling in order to help with the problemsinvolved in the exploitation of waste biomass fromthe sugarcane harvest.

ZOOTECHNICS

Nutritional value of sugarcane in the form of silage and natural form

PROCESS

1997/08160-2

COORDINATOR

João Batista de Andrade

INSTITUTION

Zootechnic Institute / SAA-SP

START: 1/3/1998FINISH: 31/3/2001

Nutritional value of sugarcane in naturalor silaged form,with urea added or not

PROCESS

1998/13131-4

COORDINATOR

Carlos de Sousa Lucci

INSTITUTION

School of Veterinary Medicine / Unisa

START: 1/9/1999FINISH: 28/2/2001

Evaluation of sugarcane bagasse treated with different chemical agentsthrough studies of ruminal kinetics and digestibility trials

PROCESS

1999/01929-4

COORDINATOR

Paulo Roberto Leme

INSTITUTION

School of Zootechnics and Food Engineering /University of São Paulo (USP)

START: 1/7/1999FINISH: 30/6/2001

Processing of sugarcane: its effects on total digestibility, degradability and ruminal rate of passage

PROCESS

2001/00715-2

COORDINATOR

Jane Maria Bertocco Ezequiel

INSTITUTION

Jaboticabal School of Agrarian and VeterinarySciences / Paulista State University (Unesp)

START: 01/10/2001FINISH: 31/05/2004

Evaluation of chemical and microbial additives as inhibitors of the alcoholic fermentation in sugarcanesilages (Saccharum officinarum l)

PROCESS

2001/05734-5

COORDINATOR

Luiz Gustavo nasceu

INSTITUTION


START: 01/12/2001FINISH: 30/11/2003

Nutritional value of sugarcane treatedwith calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide

PROCESS

2005/04326-1

COORDINATOR

Acyr Wanderley de Paula Freitas

INSTITUTION

Paulista Agency of Agribusiness Technology (Apta)

START: 01/06/2006FINISH: 31/03/2008

Protein in sugarcane-based diets for dairy heifers

PROCESS

2006/57558-0

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COORDINATOR

Telma Teresinha Berchielli

INSTITUTION


START: 01/06/2007FINISH: 31/05/2009

Evaluation of sugarcane hydrolyzed with microprocessed quicklime (cao) in the diet of lactating cows

PROCESS

2005/59938-1

COORDINATOR

Mauro Dal Secco de Oliveira

INSTITUTION


START: 01/09/2006END: 31/08/2008

Evaluation of dairy cows fed with sugarcane hydrolyzed with micropulverized quicklime (cao) and hydrated lime (ca(oh)2)

PROCESS

2006/60042-5

COORDINATOR

Mauro Dal Secco de Oliveira

INSTITUTION


START: 01/03/2007FINISH: 31/08/2008

Sugarcane silage treated with chemical or microbial additive in the feeding ofgoats at the start of lactation

PROCESS

2006/61802-3

COORDINATOR

Alexandre Vaz pires

INSTITUTION


START: 01/04/2007FINISH: 31/03/2009

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Grants

Scientific InitiationMasters Degree

DoctorateFast-track Doctorate

Post-doctorateResearch Abroad

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ADMINISTRATION

Agroalimentary sugar networks: a comparative study between France and Brazil

Process: 2002/01812-4Modality: Scientific Initiation

Grant Holder: Taís Mahalem do AmaralSupervisor: Marcos Fava NevesInstitution: Ribeirão Preto School of Economics,Administration and Accountancy University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/08/2002Finish: 31/12/2002

Strategies for the internationalizationof carburant alcohol from thesugar-alcohol sector in Brazil

Process: 2006/07025-5Modality: Doctorate

Grant Holder: Heidy Rodriguez RamosSupervisor: Martinho Isnard Ribeiro de AlmeidaInstitution: School of Economics, Administrationand Accountancy / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/05/2007Finish: 30/04/2010

AGRONOMY

Fermentative potential of “killer” yeasts in ethanolic fermentation and action ofthe toxins during the process


Grant Holder: Christiann Davis TostaSupervisor: Sandra Regina Ceccato AntoniniInstitution: Center for Agrarian Sciences /Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar)

Start: 01/08/1998Finish: 30/09/2000

Production of ethanol by recombinantEscherichia coli derived from hydrolysa-tes of agricultural residues. Preparation ofinoculum in high cellular concentrations

Process: 1998/15813-5Modality: Masters Degree

Grant Holder: Kátia Gianni de Carvalho LimaSupervisor: Flávio AlterthumInstitution: Institute of Biomedical Sciences /University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/07/1999Finish: 30/06/2001

Development of the sugarcane root system and of the part above ground in the environment of residual strawfrom mechanized harvesting


Grant Holder: Antônio Carlos Machado de VasconcelosSupervisor: Ailto Antônio CasagrandeInstitution: Jaboticabal School of Agrarian Science and Sciences / Paulista State University (Unesp)

Start: 01/05/1999Finish: 28/02/2002

Sucest – the sugarcane EST project


Grant Holder: Regiane Degan FavaroSupervisor: Eiko Eurya KuramaeInstitution: Botucatu School of Agronomic Sciences/ Paulista State University (Unesp)

Start: 01/03/2000Finish: 30/11/2000

Comparison of nitrogen sources applied in the cultivation of sugarcane in thegreen cane harvest system


Grant Holder: Mirian Cristina Gomes CostaSupervisor: Godofredo Cesar VittiInstitution: Luiz de Queiroz Higher School of Agriculture / University of São Paulo (Esalq/USP)

Start: 01/03/2001Finish: 31/01/2002

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Behavior of species belonging to the third trophic level in transgenic-bt varieties (Bacillus thuringiensis)of sugarcane (Saccharum sp.)


Grant Holder: Cássia Regina DemarchiSupervisor: Evoneo Berti FilhoInstitution: Luiz de Queiroz Higher School of Agriculture / University of São Paulo (Esalq/USP)

Start: 01/10/2000Finish: 30/09/2002

Development of industrial strain ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae producing fuelalcohol via bactericide activity throughthe expression of heterologous gene

Process: 2000/07521-6Modality: Post-doctorate

Grant Holder: Maria Evangelina de CamargoSupervisor: Luiz Carlos BassoInstitution: Luiz de Queiroz Higher School of Agriculture / University of São Paulo (Esalq/USP)

Start: 01/12/2000Finish: 30/11/2002

Development of molecular markers deri-ved from ESTs in sugarcane for selectionof economically important characteristics


Grant Holder: Luciana Rossini PintoSupervisor: Anete Pereira de SouzaInstitution: Center for Molecular Biology andGenetic EngineeringEngineering Genetics / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/04/2002Finish: 28/02/2005

Isolation and selection of strains of yeast originating in ethanol distillerieswith antibacterial properties


Grant Holder: Alline Silva RissoSupervisor: Pedro de Oliva NetoInstitution: Assis School of Science and Arts /Paulista State University (Unesp)

Start: 01/04/2003Finish: 31/12/2003

Biochemical, molecular and pathogeniccharacterization of isolates ofXanthomonas albilineans (ashby) dowson,agent responsible for sugarcane leaf scald


Grant Holder: Mariana de Souza and SilvaSupervisor: Ivan Paulo BedendoInstitution: Luiz de Queiroz Higher School of Agriculture / University of São Paulo (Esalq/USP)

Start: 01/09/2003Finish: 31/08/2005

Gene expression in sugarcane roots(Saccharum spp l.) colonized by Glomusclarum and treated with herbicides


Grant Holder: Pablo Rodrigo HardoimSupervisor: Márcio Rodrigues LambaisInstitution: Luiz de Queiroz Higher School of Agriculture / University of São Paulo (Esalq/USP)

Start: 01/03/2005Finish: 31/08/2006

Bioecology and handling of the giant-borer, Castnia licus (Drury, 1773)(Lepidoptera: Castnidae), in sugarcane


Grant Holder: Luciano Pacelli Medeiros de MacedoSupervisor: José Roberto Postali ParraInstitution: Luiz de Queiroz Higher School of Agriculture / University of São Paulo (Esalq/USP)

Start: 1/8/2005Finish: 31/7/2006

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Sorption and leaching of the ametryn herbicide in sugarcane plantations treated with sewage sludge


Grant Holder: Luciana MarcheseSupervisor: Jussara Borges RegitanoInstitution: Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture/ University of São Paulo (Cena/USP)

Start: 01/08/2005Finish: 30/06/2006

Evaluation of the effect of the urease inhibitor nbpt (N-(N-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide) on the efficiencyof the fertilizing urea in sugarcane


Grant Holder: Teodoro Leonardo Michelucci ContinSupervisor: Heitor CantarellaInstitution: Campinas Institute of Agronomy / SAA-SP

Start: 01/09/2005Finish: 28/02/2007

Determination of the periods ofinterference of plants of joyweed insugarcane rhizome (Saccharum spp.)


Grant Holder: Ivan Aliberti Barbosa da SilvaSupervisor: Pedro Luís da Costa Aguiar AlvesInstitution: Jaboticabal School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences / Paulista State University (Unesp)

Start: 01/09/2005Finish: 31/08/2006

Effects of light and sugarcane straw in the germination and emergenceof harmful plants


Grant Holder: Fernanda Lopes SalvadorSupervisor: Ricardo Victoria FilhoInstitution: Luiz de Queiroz Higher School of Agriculture / University of São Paulo (Esalq/USP)

Start: 01/09/2005Finish: 28/02/2007

New perspectives for the thermal treatment for the control of blight in sugarcane stalks


Grant Holder: Juliana Cristina Lourencini de AraújoSupervisor: Alfredo Seiiti UrashimaInstitution: Center for Agrarian Science /Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar)

Start: 01/03/2006Finish: 31/08/2006

Development of molecular markers of the microsatellite type based on ESTs in sugarcane


Grant Holder: Hercília Roberta Cristina Acri Nunes MirandaSupervisor: Anete Pereira de SouzaInstitution: Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/05/2006Finish: 31/12/2006

Acetolactate synthase inhibitor (ALS) herbicides applied to green sugarcane and changes in seed banks of harmful plants


Grant Holder: Lucas Rios do AmaralSupervisor: Patrícia Andrea MonqueroInstitution: Center for Agrarian Science /Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar)

Start: 01/07/2006Finish: 30/06/2007

Effect of the phenologic stage of the culti-vation of sugarcane and time of applica-tion in the selectivity of herbicides

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Grant Holder: José Augusto Ribellato BuissaSupervisor: Pedro Jacob ChristoffoletiInstitution: Luiz de Queiroz Higher School of Agriculture / University of São Paulo (Esalq/USP)

Start: 01/11/2006Finish: 31/10/2007

Accumulation of nutrients and development of sugarcane root system in different levels of nitrogenated fertilizer plantation applications and their relationship to the productivity of the CNA-plant and sugarcane rhizome


Grant Holder: Rafael OttoSupervisor: Paulo César Ocheuze TrivelinInstitution: Center for Nuclear Energy inAgriculture / University of São Paulo (Cena/USP)

Start: 01/10/2006Finish: 29/02/2008

ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM

Worker dwellings in sugar mills in the São Paulo interior: the region of Piracicaba


Grant Holder: Gabriela CampagnolSupervisor: Telma de Barros CorreiaInstitution: São Carlos School of Engineering /University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/09/2000Finish: 31/08/2002

Dwellings in sugar mills in Brazil: origins, extent and eradication


Grant Holder: Gabriela CampagnolSupervisor: Telma de Barros Correia

Institution: São Carlos School of Engineering / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/10/2003Finish: 31/01/2007

BIOCHEMISTRY

Study of growth of strains of Panus tigrinus in sugarcane bagasse with a pre-treatment for chemical pulping


Grant Holder: Sirlene Maria da CostaSupervisor: Adilson Roberto GonçalvesInstitution: Lorena School ofChemical Engineering

Start: 01/04/1998Finish: 30/09/1999

Preparation of genomic library for Xylella fastidiosa in lamda phage andpreparation of sugarcane cDNA libraries


Grant Holder: André Luiz Vettore de OliveiraSupervisor:Institution: Center for Molecular Biologyand Genetic Engineering / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/02/1999Finish: 04/07/2001

Sequencing and analysis of sugarcane ESTs. Identification of retrotransposons and genes of resistance of the type NBS-LRR


Grant Holder: Maria Magdalena RossiSupervisor: Marie Anne Van SluysInstitution: Institute of Biosciences / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/08/1999Finish: 31/01/2004

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Production and characterization of transgenic sugarcane plants expressingchagasin: effects on the Sphenophorusinsect and on the sugarcane mosaic virus


Grant Holder: Francisco Cláudio da ConceiçãoLopesSupervisor: Márcio de Castro Silva FilhoInstitution: Luiz de Queiroz Higher School ofAgriculture / University of São Paulo (Esalq/USP)

Start: 01/06/2000Finish: 28/02/2002

Heterologous expression, purification and initial studies of the activity of a probable protein inhibitor of cysteineprotease in sugarcane


Grant Holder: Andréa Soares da CostaSupervisor: Flávio Henrique da SilvaInstitution: Center for Biological Sciences andHealth / Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar)

Start: 01/07/2000Finish: 30/06/2002

Sucest Data Mining Project (annotations of sugarcane genes)


Grant Holder: Marco Túlio Alves da SilvaSupervisor: Regina Maria Barretto CicarelliInstitution: Araraquara School of Pharmaceutical Sciences / Paulista StateUniversity (Unesp)

Start: 01/05/2001Finish: 31/12/2003

Identification and functional studies ofgenes resistant to pathogens and pests insugarcane (Saccharum officinarum l.)induced by jasmonic acid


Grant Holder: Vicente Eugênio de Rosa JúniorSupervisor: Paulo ArrudaInstitution: Center for Molecular Biology GeneticEngineering / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/12/2000Finish: 30/11/2004

Clonings, expression and purificationof the chaperone smhsp class 1 of sugarcane: first steps for its functionaland structural study


Grant Holder: Maria Cláudia PerotoSupervisor: Carlos Henrique Inácio RamosInstitution: Brazilian Association of Synchrotron Light Technology / CNPq

Start: 01/08/2001Finish: 31/12/2002

Identification of components involved in the reversible phosphorylation of proteins in the sugarcane genome


Grant Holder: Ana Carolina Quirino SimõesSupervisor: Aline Maria da SilvaInstitution: Institute of Chemistry / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/10/2001Finish: 31/12/2002

Purification and partial characterizationof oligosaccharides obtained by acidichydrolysis controlled by polysaccharideproduced by Botryosphaeria sp.


Grant Holder: Iara Ribeiro SilvaSupervisor: Maria de Lourdes Corradi Custódio da SilvaInstitution: Presidente Prudente School of Scienceand Technology / Paulista State University (Unesp)

Start: 01/02/2004Finish: 31/12/2004

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Characterization of the diversity of families of transposable elementsexpressed in sugarcane (Saccharum spp)

Process: 2003/13525-2Modality: Fast-track Doctorate

Grant Holder: Erika Maria de JesusSupervisor: Marie Anne Van SluysInstitution: Institute of Biosciences / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/03/2004Finish: 28/02/2007

Investigation of the role of the shsps n-terminal domain in sugarcane in thespecificity of bonding to substrates


Grant Holder: Ana Paula RossiSupervisor: Carlos Henrique Inácio RamosInstitution: Institute of Chemistry / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/04/2007Finish: 31/12/2007

BOTANY

Study of the short and long term effectsof a CO2-enriched atmosphere on thegrowth, development and metabolism ofsugarcane carbohydrates (Saccharum ssp.)


Grant Holder: Amanda Pereira de SouzaSupervisor: Marcos Silveira BuckeridgeInstitution: Botany Institute / SMA-SP

Start: 01/03/2005Finish: 28/02/2007

Isolation and purification of sugarcane GSTs subjected to herbicides applications


Grant Holder: Fabrício Tadeu Rodrigues de OliveiraSupervisor: Renato Rodrigues Ferreira

Institution: Center for Nuclear Energy inAgriculture / University of São Paulo (Cena/USP)

Start: 01/03/2007Finish: 29/02/2008

COMPUTER SCIENCE

Extraction of color characteristics for the identification of rust in sugarcane neural networks


Grant Holder: Murilo Carneiro RodriguesSupervisor: João do Espírito Santo Batista NetoInstitution: São Carlos Institute of MathematicalSciences and Computing / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/04/2003Finish: 31/03/2004


Identification of compounds responsible for the organoleptic defect of sugarcaneliquors (Saccharum officinarum ssp)distilled in the absence of copper

Process: 1997/00733-3Modality: Research abroad

Grant Holder: João Bosco FariaInstitution: Araraquara School of PharmaceuticalSciences / Paulista State University (Unesp)Institution abroad: Zaragoza University, Spain

Start: 31/05/1997Finish: 31/01/1998

Creation of multimedia program, for dimensioning and calculations for the sugar industry and use in educational activities


Grant Holder: Tadeu Alcides MarquesSupervisor:Institution: Multidisciplinary Centre for Chemical,Biological and Agricultural Research / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

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Start: 01/03/1998Finish: 28/02/1999

Influence of gamma radiationon sugarcane juice


Grant Holder: Karina Marquesini HanstedSupervisor: Rachel Elisabeth DomarcoInstitution: Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture/ University of São Paulo (Cena/USP)

Start: 01/08/1998Finish: 31/07/1999

Evaluation of system for the decoloriza-tion of sugar juices to obtain liquid sugar


Grant Holder: Alessandro Henrique de OliveiraSupervisor: Sílvio Roberto AndriettaInstitution: Multidisciplinary Centre for Chemical, Biological and Agricultural Research /State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/01/1999Finish: 31/10/2000

Microbiological aspects of mascavo sugar


Grant Holder: Flávia Oliveira PachecoSupervisor: Clóvis ParazziInstitution: Center for Agrarian Science / Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar)

Start: 01/03/1999Finish: 29/02/2000

Classification of the dominant strains of yeast in fermentative processes using fermentative parameters and numeric taxonomy


Grant Holder: Patrícia Candioto MigliariSupervisor: Sílvio Roberto AndriettaInstitution: Multidisciplinary Centre for Chemical,Biological and Agricultural Research / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/05/1999Finish: 30/04/2001

Evaluation of the conditions of acidichydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse in thefermentation of the hydrolysate in xylitol


Grant Holder: Zuzel Rubio MatosSupervisor: Sílvio Silvério da SilvaInstitution: Lorena School of Chemical Engineering

Start: 01/09/1999Finish: 31/08/2001

Optimization of system of continuousalcoholic fermentation using tower-typereactors and yeast with flocculent characteristics


Grant Holder: Marcelo Caldeira ViegasSupervisor: Sílvio Roberto AndriettaInstitution: Multidisciplinary Center for Chemical,Biological and Agricultural Research / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/06/1999Finish: 06/01/2003

Liquid-liquid extraction of b-xylosidasefrom hemicellulosic hydrolysate of sugar-cane bagasse by reverse micelles


Grant Holder: Daniela Vieira CortezSupervisor: Inês Conceição RobertoInstitution: Lorena School ofChemical Engineering

Start: 01/01/2000Finish: 31/12/2000

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Production of sugarcane wax from subproduct of the sugar-alcohol industry: extraction, purification and characterization


Grant Holder: Thaís Maria Ferreira de Souza VieiraSupervisor: Daniel Barrera ArellanoInstitution: School of Food Engineering / StateUniversity of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/03/2000Finish: 12/02/2003

Study of the use of supercritical water for the hydrolysis of starch and cellulose: production of sucrose substitutes with low caloric level


Grant Holder: Silvânia Regina Mendes MoreschiSupervisor: Maria Ângela de Almeida MeirelesInstitution: School of Food Engineering / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/04/2000Finish: 31/03/2004

Balance of phases of systems composed of vegetable oils, fatty acids and hydrated ethanol


Grant Holder: Cíntia Bernardo GonçalvesSupervisor: Antônio José de Almeida MeirellesInstitution: School of Food Engineering / StateUniversity of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/06/2000Finish: 28/02/2002

Optimization of production of xylitol from hydrolized sugarcane bagasse in system with cells immobilizedin basket-type reactor


Grant Holder: Walter de CarvalhoSupervisor: Sílvio Silverio da SilvaInstitution: Lorena School ofChemical Engineering

Start: 01/12/2000Finish: 30/11/2004

Use of orthophosphoric acid as catalystof acidic hydrolysis of sugarcane for theproduction of xylitol via fermentation


Grant Holder: Márcio de Andrade BatistaSupervisor: Sílvio Silvério da SilvaInstitution: Lorena School ofChemical Engineering

Start: 01/08/2000Finish: 31/01/2002

Treatment of sugarcane juice by different strains of yeasts in the productivity and quality of the liquor


Grant Holder: Elisângela Marques JerônimoSupervisor: Gil Eduardo SerraInstitution: School of Food Engineering / StateUniversity of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/10/2000Finish: 30/09/2004

Influence of the clarification of juiceon the color of the syrup in greendecaying sugarcane


Grant Holder: Carolina Grabner ReisSupervisor: Gil Eduardo SerraInstitution: School of Food Engineering / StateUniversity of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/02/2001Finish: 31/01/2002

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Ultrafiltration of the filtrateof cachaça in the sugar mill


Grant Holder: José de Ribamar Macedo CostaSupervisor: Luiz Antônio ViottoInstitution: School of Food Engineering / StateUniversity of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/12/2000Finish: 31/05/2002

Balance of phases in systems composed of vegetable oils, fatty acids and hydrated ethanol


Grant Holder: Cíntia Bernardo GonçalvesSupervisor: Antônio José de Almeida MeirellesInstitution: School of Food Engineering / StateUniversity of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/04/2002Finish: 31/03/2004

Design, assembly and dynamic study of a FIA system for the quantification ofethanol in alcoholic fermentation systems


Grant Holder: Rodrigo Notário BrenelliSupervisor: Francisco Maugeri FilhoInstitution: School of Food Engineering / StateUniversity of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/05/2003Finish: 18/12/2003

Comparative study of the methods ofdetermination and estimation of the levels of fiber and of reductive sugars in sugarcane (Saccharum spp.)


Grant Holder: José Rubens Almeida Leme FilhoSupervisor: André Ricardo AlcardeInstitution: Luiz de Queiroz Higher School of Agriculture / University of São Paulo (Esalq/USP)

Start: 01/03/2004Finish: 31/01/2006

Acid stress and cellular heterogeneityduring successive cycles of ethanol production in the presence of lactic acid


Grant Holder: Karen Fernanda de OliveiraSupervisor: Cecília LaluceInstitution: Araraquara Institute of Chemistry / Paulista State University (Unesp)

Start: 01/01/2006Finish: 31/05/2008

Ethanol as multifunctional solvent for the extraction of oils and sugars


Grant Holder: Talita BenedettiSupervisor: Marisa Aparecida B. Regitano D’ArceInstitution: Luiz de Queiroz Higher School of Agriculture / University of São Paulo (Esalq/USP)

Start: 01/06/2005Finish: 31/05/2006

Effects of the thermal processingand gamma radiation on the physico-chemical, microbiological and sensorial stability of pure sugarcane juice and with added fruit juices stored under refrigeration


Grant Holder: Aline Cristine Garcia de OliveiraSupervisor: Marta Helena Fillet SpotoInstitution: Luiz de Queiroz Higher School of Agriculture / University of São Paulo (Esalq/USP)

Start: 01/03/2006Finish: 31/03/2007

Forced aging with circulationand aeration of sugarcane liquor


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Grant Holder: Michelle de Caiado BorraginiSupervisor: João Bosco FariaInstitution: Araraquara School of PharmaceuticalSciences / Paulista State University (Unesp)

Start: 01/03/2007Finish: 28/02/2009

Determination and characterization of starch from sugarcane and adjustmentof methodology for the determination of residual alpha-amilase in raw sugar


Grant Holder: Joelise de Alencar FigueiraSupervisor: Hélia Harumi SatoInstitution: School of Food Engineering / StateUniversity of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/03/2007Finish: 28/02/2009

Functional genomic analysis of sugarcanegenes through Traitmill technology

Process: 2003/08494-0Modality: Researcher Abroad

Grant Holder: Julio Cezar Franco de OliveiraInstitution abroad: Crop Design Agbiotech Company, Belgium

Start: 1/3/2004Finish: 30/4/2004

ECOLOGY

Determination of total HG in sugarcane(var sp80-1842) using decomposition bySchoniger flask combustion method anddetection by fluorescence spectrophoto-metry...


Grant Holder: Ismael Athayde FilhoSupervisor: José Roberto FerreiraInstitution: Center for Nuclear Energy inAgriculture / University of São Paulo (Cena/USP)

Start: 01/09/2000Finish: 31/05/2001

Characterization of the transference of chemical species in soil system /sugarcane crop irrigated with effluentfrom sewerage treatment station: study conducted in municipality ofPiracicaba, São Paulo...


Grant Holder: Lise CarySupervisor: Adolpho José MelfiInstitution: Luiz de Queiroz Higher School of Agriculture / University of São Paulo (Esalq/USP)

Start: 01/07/2006Finish: 30/06/2007

ECONOMICS

Sugarcane agroindustry: analysis of the socioeconomic and environmentalimplications of the change to the mechanized system of harvesting of sugarcane without clearance of strawby fire in the State of São Paulo


Grant Holder: Daniel Bertoli GonçalvesSupervisor: Rodolfo HoffmannInstitution: Institute of Economics / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/03/1999Finish: 28/02/2001

The Brazilian fuel alcohol market: an analysis focused on sectorial and macroeconomic aspects


Grant Holder: Luciana Torrezan SilveiraSupervisor: Heloísa Lee BurnquistInstitution: Luiz de Queiroz Higher School of Agriculture / University of São Paulo (Esalq/USP)

Start: 01/07/2000Finish: 31/12/2001

An analysis of Brazilian competitiveness in the international sugar and alcohol market

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Start: 01/04/2003Finish: 31/03/2004

Supply and demand of crystal sugarin the State of São Paulo


Grant Holder: Diego Martins CarreteroSupervisor: Mirian Rumenos Piedade BacchiInstitution: Luiz de Queiroz Higher School of Agriculture / University of São Paulo (Esalq/USP)

Start: 01/10/2003Finish: 30/09/2004

Export equations for Brazilian sugar: a vector auto-regression model


Grant Holder: Mauro Virgino de Sena and SilvaSupervisor: Mirian Rumenos Piedade BacchiInstitution: Luiz de Queiroz Higher School of Agriculture / University of São Paulo (Esalq/USP)

Start: 01/03/2004Finish: 31/08/2005

Brazilian sugar exports: a price analysis



Start: 01/05/2004Finish: 30/11/2006

Price transmission of alcohol fuel in the Brazilian market


Grant Holder: Valdinei Fagnani JúniorSupervisor: Mirian Rumenos Piedade BacchiInstitution: Luiz de Queiroz Higher School of Agriculture / University of São Paulo (Esalq/USP)

Start: 01/01/2005Finish: 31/12/2005

Ecological impacts in the production and use of fuel alcohol


Grant Holder: Marcelo Bacchi BartholomeuSupervisor: Márcia Azanha Ferraz Dias de MoraesInstitution: Luiz de Queiroz Higher School of Agriculture / University of São Paulo (Esalq/USP)

Start: 01/06/2006Finish: 31/05/2007

Socioeconomic and environmental impact of sugarcane field burnings: a public health analysis in Ribeirão Preto-São Paulo


Grant Holder: Raquel Negrisoli FernandezSupervisor: Walter Belluzzo JúniorInstitution: Ribeirão Preto School of Econmics,Administration and Accountancy / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/03/2007Finish: 29/02/2008


Economic evaluation of spacings anddepths of drains in drainage systems for the production of sugarcane


Grant Holder: Rafael MingotiSupervisor: Sérgio Nascimento DuarteInstitution: Luiz de Queiroz Higher School of Agriculture / University of São Paulo (Esalq/USP)

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Start: 01/06/2003Finish: 31/05/2004

Hydroplan: analysis of water retention,lixiviation of nutrients and effect on rooting and biometric parameters ofsugarcane in soil in the region ofPresidente Prudente


Grant Holder: Lívia Pimentel do Prado SilvaSupervisor: Patrícia Angélica Alves MarquesInstitution: Research and Post-graduate Pro-Rectory/ West Paulista University (Unoeste)

Start: 01/05/2007Finish: 30/04/2008


Synthesis and characterization of cellulose acetates from cellulose extractedfrom sisal and sugarcane bagasse


Grant Holder: Gabriela Teixeira CiaccoSupervisor: Elisabete FrolliniInstitution: São Carlos Institute of Chemistry / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/06/1998Finish: 30/11/1999

Lignocellulosic composites: phenolic thermofix matrix reinforced with fibers from sugarcane bagasse


Grant Holder: Sandra Patrícia da Silva TitaSupervisor: Elisabete FrolliniInstitution: São Carlos Institute of Chemistry / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/12/1998Finish: 31/12/1999

Lignocellulosic composites: phenolic thermofix matrix reinforced with fibers from sugarcane bagasse


Grant Holder: Sandra Patrícia da Silva TitaSupervisor: Elisabete FrolliniInstitution: São Carlos Institute of Chemistry / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/03/2000Finish: 28/02/2002

Study of the production cycle of silicon and silicon carbide using carbon from sugarcane bagasse in plasma reactor


Grant Holder: Rone Cesar MoralesSupervisor: Carlos Kenichi SuzukiInstitution: School of Mechanical Engineering / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/04/2000Finish: 31/10/2003

Evaluation of different types of sugar using an electronic tongue


Grant Holder: Fernanda Lanzoni MiglioriniSupervisor: José Alberto GiacomettiInstitution: Presidente Prudente School of Science and Technology / Paulista StateUniversity (Unesp)

Start: 01/01/2007Finish: 31/12/2007

Development of catalysts of internal reformation type for solid electrolyte fuelcells: reformation of ethanol


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Grant Holder: Rafael Aparecido FerreiraSupervisor: Ariovaldo de Oliveira FlorentinoInstitution: Botucatu Institute of Biosciences / Paulista State University (Unesp)

Start: 01/12/2006Finish: 30/11/2007

PRODUCTION ENGINEERING

Analysis of the logistical system of the unloading of sugarcane: case studyfrom São Martinho Refinery


Grant Holder: Ana Paula IannoniSupervisor: Reinaldo Morabito NetoInstitution: Center for Exact Sciences and Technology/ Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar)

Start: 01/12/1998Finish: 03/09/2000

Changes in the supply of sugar to theindustrial market of processed foods


Grant Holder: Vivian Karina BianchiniSupervisor: Maria Rita Pontes Assumpção AlvesInstitution: Center for Exact Sciences and Technology/ Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar)

Start: 01/10/2002Finish: 30/09/2004


Study of the concept of energy and of the methodology for its use in thesystemic analysis of energy projects

Process: 1997/10459-6Modality: Research Abroad

Grant Holder: José Tomaz Vieira PereiraInstitution: School of Mechanical Engineering / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)Institution abroad: University of Florida,United States

Start: 05/01/1998Finish: 04/01/1999

Experimental analysis of the phenomenaof combustion and emission of gases in internal combustion engines using mixtures of alcohol and gasoline as fuel


Grant Holder: Felipe Soto PauSupervisor: Antônio Moreira dos SantosInstitution: São Carlos School of Engineering / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/04/1999Finish: 31/03/2003

Reduction of pollutant emissionsin spark plug ignition engines through the use of pre-vaporized alcohol, multipledirect injection and excess air combustion


Grant Holder: Fabiano Simão dos SantosSupervisor: Josmar Davilson PagliusoInstitution: São Carlos School of Engineering / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/01/2003Finish: 31/12/2003

Development of optimized dryersfor sugarcane bagasse


Grant Holder: Jefferson Luiz Gomes CorreaSupervisor: Sílvia Azucena Nebra de PerezInstitution: School of Mechanical Engineering /State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/06/2003Finish: 22/04/2004

Development of “pinch” analysis for the optimization of the use of utilities and the generation of electricity in integrated sugar/alcohol factories

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Grant Holder: Márcio HigaSupervisor: Roger Josef ZempInstitution: School of Chemical Engineering / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/11/2003Finish: 19/02/2004

Thermal-economic-environmental analysis of configurations of utilitiesplants in sugar and alcohol factories


Grant Holder: Luiz Felipe PellegriniSupervisor: Sílvio de Oliveira JúniorInstitution: Polytechnic School / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/04/2004Finish: 31/03/2008

Thermo-economic analysis of the useof energy from biomass in the productionof alcohol and electrical energy


Grant Holder: Marcelo Modesto da SilvaSupervisor: Sílvia Azucena Nebra de PerezInstitution: School of Mechanical Engineering / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/11/2004Finish: 31/10/2007


Preparation of inverted sugar from sugarcane juice by means of immobilized invertase


Grant Holder: Alexandre Aparecido VicenteSupervisor: Henrique Celso TrevisanInstitution: Araraquara Institute of Chemistry / Paulista State University (Unesp)

Start: 01/11/1997Finish: 30/09/1999

Advanced control of fixed bed chemical reactors: application for oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde


Grant Holder: Carlos Alexandre Lourenço GuerraSupervisor: Rubens Maciel FilhoInstitution: School of Chemical Engineering / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/08/1997Finish: 31/12/1998

Preparation and characterization of catalysts of mixed oxides for the transformation of ethanol into 1.3 butadiene


Grant Holder: Luciane ConsentinoSupervisor: Gilberto Garcia CortezInstitution: Lorena School of Chemical Engineering

Start: 01/07/1997Finish: 31/12/1997

Clarification of suspensions of raw sugar with the use of quaternary salts ofammonia, using the flotation technique


Grant Holder: Mônica de Fátima Lobão GraneroSupervisor: Arthur Pinto ChavesInstitution: Polytechnic School / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/07/1997Finish: 31/12/1997

Influence of pressure and recycling of solvent in the ethanol/water pulping of sugarcane bagasse and study of the enzymatic bleachability of the pulp obtained


Grant Holder: Denise Santos RuzeneSupervisor: Adilson Roberto Gonçalves

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Institution: Lorena School ofChemical Engineering

Start: 01/10/1999Finish: 30/09/2001

Enzymatic oxidation of lignins of sugarcane bagasse to obtain polymerswith chelating properties


Grant Holder: Audrey Carneiro FerrazSupervisor: Adilson Roberto GonçalvesInstitution: Lorena School ofChemical Engineering

Start: 01/11/1999Finish: 31/08/2000

Methodology of study for improvement in the process of evaporation of sugarsolutions starting from the individualcoefficients of energy transport


Grant Holder: Edna Cristina KurokawaSupervisor: Cláudio Roberto de Freitas PachecoInstitution: Polytechnic School / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/03/2000Finish: 28/02/2002

Validation of the simulation of the stages of evaporation and crystallizationwith data obtained in a sugar mill


Grant Holder: Charles Dayan Farias de JesusSupervisor: Paulo Ignacio Fonseca de AlmeidaInstitution: Center for Exact Sciences and Technology / Federal University ofSão Carlos (UFSCar)

Start: 01/04/2000Finish: 31/03/2004

Optimization of the process of continuous production of ethanol through structured models


Grant Holder: Patrícia Candioto MigliariSupervisor: Rubens Maciel FilhoInstitution: School of Chemical Engineering / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/06/2001Finish: 08/08/2005

Production of chelants throughenzymatic oxidation of lignins of sugarcane and eucalyptus bagasse


Grant Holder: Raquel Francisca dos Santos PinheiroSupervisor: Adilson Roberto GonçalvesInstitution: Lorena School ofChemical Engineering

Start: 01/08/2001Finish: 31/01/2002

Study of the action of xylanases of different origins on organosolv pulps ofsugarcane straw and bagasse


Grant Holder: Regina Yanako MoriyaSupervisor: Adilson Roberto GonçalvesInstitution: Lorena School ofChemical Engineering

Start: 01/03/2002Finish: 31/08/2003

Production of pulp dissolution via organosolv process from sugarcane straw and bagasse


Grant Holder: Denise Santos RuzeneSupervisor: Adilson Roberto Gonçalves

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Institution: Lorena School ofChemical Engineering

Start: 01/03/2002Finish: 31/05/2005

Study of the purification and crystallizationprocess of glucose obtained by acidichydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse


Grant Holder: Lourdes Apparecida AlvesSupervisor: Marco GiuliettiInstitution: Institute of Technological Research of the State of São Paulo (IPT)

Start: 01/05/2002Finish: 30/04/2006

Study of the influence of pressure in the reaction of delignification of sugarcane straw and bagasse with a mixture of ethanol/water


Grant Holder: Lisia Andrea CintraSupervisor: Adilson Roberto GonçalvesInstitution: Lorena School ofChemical Engineering

Start: 01/07/2002Finish: 30/06/2003

Ethanol/water pulping of sugarcane in pressurized system and oxidation ofthe lignin obtained


Grant Holder: Laís Puls FerrettiSupervisor: Adilson Roberto GonçalvesInstitution: Lorena School ofChemical Engineering

Start: 01/03/2004Finish: 28/02/2006

Recovery and purification of acrylic acid produced from sugarcane by chromatographic adsorption


Grant Holder: Ana Paula da Anunciação PinhoSupervisor: Maria Regina Wolf MacielInstitution: School of Chemical Engineering / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/10/2003Finish: 31/03/2005

Production of chelants throughenzymatic oxidation of ligninsfrom sugarcane straw and bagasse


Grant Holder: Gabriela Maria Muniz CalábriaSupervisor: Adilson Roberto GonçalvesInstitution: Lorena School of Chemical Engineering

Start: 01/11/2004Finish: 31/10/2005

Control via neural networks of absorption columns in the production process of ethanol by fermentation


Grant Holder: Eduardo EyngSupervisor: Ana Maria Frattini FiletiInstitution: School of Chemical Engineering / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/02/2006Finish: 31/01/2009

Implementation of convergence criteria in the process of azeotropic distillation and evaluation of new alternatives


Grant Holder: Rodrigo Alves de PaivaSupervisor: Maria Regina Wolf MacielInstitution: School of Chemical Engineering / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

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Start: 01/08/2005Finish: 31/07/2006

Evaluation of the enzymatic oxidation oflignins from sugarcane straw and bagasseand of the enzyme lignin interaction


Grant Holder: Simone Coelho NakanishiSupervisor: Adilson Roberto GonçalvesInstitution: Lorena School of Engineering / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/05/2006Finish: 04/03/2007

Simulation of the production process of ethanol from sugar and from bagasse,aiming for the integration of the processand the maximization of the production ofenergy and excedents from the bagasse


Grant Holder: Marina Oliveira de Souza DiasSupervisor: Rubens Maciel FilhoInstitution: School of Chemical Engineering / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/11/2006Finish: 31/10/2008

Study of viable alternatives for pre-treatment and hydrolysis of sugarcane straw and bagasse to obtain ethanol from cellulose


Grant Holder: Luís Ricardo Martins OliveiraSupervisor: Adilson Roberto GonçalvesInstitution: Lorena School of Engineering / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/03/2007Finish: 28/02/2011

Use of the hemicellulosic fraction of sugarcane bagasse for the crystallization of xylose and biotechnological production of ethanol


Grant Holder: Larissa CanilhaSupervisor: Marco GiuliettiInstitution: Institute of Technological Research of the State of São Paulo (IPT)

Start: 01/11/2006Finish: 31/10/2007

SANITARY ENGINEERING

Production of sediments in farm areasunder sugarcane and citrus cultivation


Grant Holder: Maria Eugênia MartinsSupervisor: Evaldo Miranda CoiadoInstitution: School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Urbanism / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/01/1998Finish: 31/12/2001

Study of the environmental factors and ofstandards for the socio-environmentalevaluation, monitoring and certification ofsugarcane and its industrial processing


Grant Holder: Aldo Roberto OmettoSupervisor: Marcelo Pereira de SouzaInstitution: São Carlos School of Engineering / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/06/1998Finish: 31/05/2000

PHARMACY

Development of textile fibers from sugarcane bagasse cellulose with the incorporation of medicines andenzymes for medical applications


Grant Holder: Sirlene Maria da CostaSupervisor: Adalberto Pessoa Júnior

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Institution: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/11/2006Finish: 31/10/2007

PHYSICS

Sections of rotational shock excitation of the ethanol molecule(c2h5oh) by electron impact


Grant Holder: Heloísa Rodrigues da RochaSupervisor: Marco Aurélio Pinheiro LimaInstitution: Gleb Wataghin Physics Institute / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/01/2007Finish: 31/12/2007

GENETICS

Molecular cloning of amylolytic enzymes in industrial and Amazonianyeasts aiming for the production of ethanol and biomass


Grant Holder: Jefferson Alves da Costa JúniorSupervisor: Elisabete José VicenteInstitution: Biomedical Sciences Institute / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/07/1998Finish: 31/08/2000

Estimation of the genetic diversity among sugarcane clones using molecular marker of the AFLP type


Grant Holder: Milena de Luna Alves de LimaSupervisor: Anete Pereira de SouzaInstitution: Center for Molecular Biology Genetic Engineering / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/05/1999Finish: 31/10/2000

Sequencing and analysis of sugarcane“ESTs”. Identification of active retrotransposons in sugarcane


Grant Holder: Paula Gonçalves de AraújoSupervisor: Marie Anne Van SluysInstitution: Institute of Biosciences / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/04/2000Finish: 30/06/2003

Cultivation of tissues and genetic transformation of sugarcane chloroplasts (var. Sp-803280)


Grant Holder: Henrique Sérgio AlvesSupervisor: Helaine CarrerInstitution: Luiz de Queiroz Higher School of Agriculture / University of São Paulo (Esalq/USP)

Start: 01/04/2001Finish: 30/09/2002

Comparative analysis of gene banksthrough bio-informatics resourcesfor the identification of sugarcane ESTs involved in resistance to nematodes


Grant Holder: Guilherme Gomes BaptistaSupervisor: Carlos Augusto ColomboInstitution: Campinas Institute of Agronomy /SAA-SP

Start: 01/08/2001Finish: 31/07/2003

Identification and validation of tissue-specific ESTs using the informationfrom the bank of expressed sugarcanesequences (Sucest)


Grant Holder: Roberto de Almeida CamargoSupervisor: Ivan de Godoy Maia

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Institution: Botucatu Institute of Biosciences / Paulista State University (Unesp)

Start: 01/10/2004Finish: 30/09/2005

Genetic characterization of the bacterial community of cachaça wines in small alembics


Grant Holder: Osmar Vaz de Carvalho NettoSupervisor: Luis Eduardo Aranha CamargoInstitution: Luiz de Queiroz Higher School of Agriculture / University of São Paulo (Esalq/USP)

Start: 01/12/2004Finish: 30/06/2005

Analysis of the differential genic expression of the enzymes involved in the process of biosynthesis of glycine betaine in sugarcane leaves subjected to hydric stress


Grant Holder: Paula dos Santos DemoreSupervisor: Sonia Marli Zingaretti Di MauroInstitution: Jaboticabal School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences / State UniversityPaulista (Unesp)

Start: 01/03/2005Finish: 31/12/2005

Characterization of genes of unknownfunction preferentially expressed during reproductive development insugarcane (Saccharum spp)


Grant Holder: Marcelo Prudencio GiovaniniSupervisor: Marcelo Carnier DornelasInstitution: Institute of Biology / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/09/2006Finish: 31/08/2007

The mutator system in sugarcane: a comparative analysis with rice


Grant Holder: Nilo Luiz Saccaro JúniorSupervisor: Maria Magdalena RossiInstitution: Institute of Biosciences / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/06/2007Finish: 31/03/2008

Mechanization and the impact on the worker. Analysis of the work processes in the Nova América (1950-1990) sugar mill


Grant Holder: Antônio Alves BezerraSupervisor: Tânia Regina de LucaInstitution: Assis School of Science and Arts / Paulista State University (Unesp)

Start: 01/07/1999Finish: 31/12/1999

The ambiguity of cachaça in Luso-American society: remedy againstdisease and source of conflicts


Grant Holder: Lucas Endrigo Brunozi AvelarSupervisor: Henrique Soares CarneiroInstitution: School of Philosophy Arts and Human Sciences / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/11/2005Finish: 31/10/2006

MICROBIOLOGY

Fermentative process to obtain xylitolfrom sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate in fluid bed reactor: evaluation of the operational conditions


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Grant Holder: Júlio Cesar dos SantosSupervisor: Sílvio Silvério da SilvaInstitution: Lorena School of Chemical Engineering

Start: 01/03/2002Finish: 31/01/2005

Use of hemicellulose hydrolysate of sugarcane bagasse obtained from the treatment of the combination of activated carbon and ion exchangeresins in continuous system for the biotechnological conversion of xylitol


Grant Holder: Rimenys Júnior CarvalhoSupervisor: Maria das Graças de Almeida FelipeInstitution: Lorena School of Chemical Engineering

Start: 01/07/2004Finish: 30/06/2005

Determination of the conditions of acidic hydrolysis of malt bagasse for the production of xylitol through the Candida guilliermondii yeast


Grant Holder: Ane Cristina Silva VazSupervisor: Inês Conceição RobertoInstitution: Lorena School of Chemical Engineering

Start: 01/06/2004Finish: 31/05/2005

Inversion of sucrose with immobilizedosmotolerant yeasts in sugarcane bagasse


Grant Holder: Daniele Cristina dos Santos BofoSupervisor: Maria Bernadete de MedeirosInstitution: Lorena School of Chemical Engineering

Start: 01/06/2004Finish: 31/05/2005

Effect of the cultivation of geneticallymodified sugarcane on the fungal diversity and the expression of genesinvolved in the plant-endophyte interaction


Grant Holder: Aline Silva RomãoSupervisor: Welington Luiz de AraújoInstitution: Luiz de Queiroz Higher School of Agriculture / University of São Paulo (Esalq/USP)

Start: 01/01/2006Finish: 28/02/2009

Extraction of hemicellulose from sugarcane bagasse to obtain pentoses and xylooligossacharides


Grant Holder: Michel BrienzoSupervisor: Adriane Maria Ferreira MilagresInstitution: Lorena School of Engineering / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/10/2006Finish: 28/02/2010

Study of operational parameters for thebiotechnological production of xylitol fromsugarcane bagasse in fluid bed bioreactoroperated with immobilized cells


Grant Holder: Cássio Vasconcelos PereiraSupervisor: Sílvio Silvério da SilvaInstitution: Lorena School of Engineering / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/05/2007Finish: 30/04/2008

CHEMISTRY

New materials for electro-oxidationof organic compounds: oxidationof ethanol on titanium anodescovered with iridium oxides (ti/iro2)

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Grant Holder: Carlos Henrique de VasconcelosFidelisSupervisor: Adalgisa Rodrigues de AndradeInstitution: Ribeirão Preto School of Philosophy,Sciences and Arts / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/06/1997Finish: 31/12/1998

Use of electrodes modified with polyaniline for electro-oxidation of lignin model compounds


Grant Holder: Ellen Kenia Kuntze PantojaSupervisor: Artur de Jesus MotheoInstitution: São Carlos Institute of Chemistry /University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/07/1997Finish: 30/06/1999

Study of the chemical and enzymatic bleaching of the acetosolv pulp of sugarcane bagasse


Grant Holder: Denise Santos RuzeneSupervisor: Adilson Roberto GonçalvesInstitution: Lorena School of Chemical Engineering

Start: 01/08/1997Finish: 31/07/1998

Chemical and spectroscopic characterization of the acetosolv liquorfrom the pulping of sugarcane bagasse


Grant Holder: Luciana Aparecida N. da Silva BriguenteSupervisor: Adilson Roberto GonçalvesInstitution: Lorena School of Chemical Engineering

Start: 01/11/1997Finish: 31/12/1997

Pre-treatment of sugarcane bagasse by vapor explosion in the presence of diluted sulfuric acid


Grant Holder: Luane Reni MattosSupervisor: Flávio Teixeira da SilvaInstitution: Lorena School of Chemical Engineering

Start: 01/10/1997Finish: 29/02/2000

New materials for the electro-oxidationof organic substrates: the use of ternary oxides of compositionti/ru0,3ti(0,7-x)snxo2 in the investigationof the oxidation of ethanol


Grant Holder: Juliane Cristina FortiSupervisor: Adalgisa Rodrigues de AndradeInstitution: Ribeirão Preto School of Philosophy,Sciences and Arts / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/08/1998Finish: 31/10/2000

Determination of dextrane in sugarcane and sugar liquor


Grant Holder: Manoel Gabriel Rodrigues FilhoSupervisor: Douglas Wagner FrancoInstitution: São Carlos Institute of Chemistry / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/09/1998Finish: 31/08/2000

Determination of aminoacids in flakes,sugars and sugarcane liquors


Grant Holder: Lisângela Maria BosoSupervisor: Douglas Wagner FrancoInstitution: São Carlos Institute of Chemistry / University of São Paulo (USP)

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Start: 01/10/1998Finish: 31/12/2000

Chemical and spectroscopic characterization of acetosolv pulpingliquor from sugarcane bagasse


Grant Holder: Sílvia Maria BodoSupervisor: Adilson Roberto GonçalvesInstitution: Lorena School ofChemical Engineering

Start: 01/08/1999Finish: 31/07/2000

Seasonal combustion of sugarcane in the State of São Paulo with a sourceof non-volatile hydrocarbonates in atmospheric aerosols


Grant Holder: Alexandre FrancoSupervisor: Arnaldo Alves CardosoInstitution: Araraquara Institute of Chemistry / Paulista State University (Unesp)

Start: 01/04/1999Finish: 31/03/2001

Calculations of solvatation of intermediate and complex reagents activated by hydrolysis reactions


Grant Holder: Karina ShimizuSupervisor: João Pedro Simon FarahInstitution: Institute of Chemistry / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/07/1999Finish: 31/05/2001

Effect of the surface structure in thecatalytic electro-oxidation of ethanol overmonocrystalline electrodes of Pt-Os

Process: 1999/01730-3

Modality: Masters Degree

Grant Holder: Valderi Pacheco dos SantosSupervisor: Germano Tremiliosi FilhoInstitution: São Carlos Institute of Chemistry / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/06/1999Finish: 30/04/2001

Ab initio study and by Monte Carlo simulation of the solvatation of ions oh- and their ester reactions in gaseousphase, in clusters and in liquid phase


Grant Holder: Josefredo Rodriguez Pliego JúniorSupervisor: José Manuel Riveros NigraInstitution: Institute of Chemistry / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/06/1999Finish: 28/02/2002

Characterization of hemicellulose hydrolysate of sugarcane bagasse pre-treated by vapor explosion: evaluation of the inhibiting power of the aromatic compounds of low molar mass in fermentative processes


Grant Holder: Hellen Cristiane Maciel CunhaSupervisor: Flávio Teixeira da SilvaInstitution: Lorena School of Chemical Engineering

Start: 01/10/2000Finish: 30/09/2004

Electro-oxidation of small organic molecules over Pt-Ir and Pt-Ru-Ir alloys


Grant Holder: Geasi Pavao SoaresSupervisor: Germano Tremiliosi FilhoInstitution: São Carlos Institute of Chemistry / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/04/2001Finish: 14/03/2002

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155

Study of the electrocatalytic activity of oxide films of (iridium + tin + titanium) in the electro-oxidation of ethanol, acetaldehyde and acetic acid


Grant Holder: Demetrius ProfetiSupervisor: Paulo OliviInstitution: Ribeirão Preto School of Philosophy,Sciences and Arts / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/10/2000Finish: 30/09/2004

Temperature measurements of ethanolflames using laser diagnostic methods


Grant Holder: Leila Ribeiro dos SantosSupervisor: Harrald Victor LinnertInstitution: Institute of Chemistry / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/05/2001Finish: 30/04/2005

Production, isolation, purification and characterization of sugarcane bagasselignin crushed (LBM) in ball mill


Grant Holder: Juliana Del TioSupervisor: Flávio Teixeira da SilvaInstitution: Lorena School ofChemical Engineering

Start: 01/06/2001Finish: 31/05/2003

Determination of organic contaminants in fuel alcohol using highefficiency liquid chromatography withelectrochemical detection


Grant Holder: Adelir Aparecida SaczkSupervisor: Nelson Ramos StradiottoInstitution: Araraquara Institute of Chemistry /

Paulista State University (Unesp)

Start: 01/10/2001Finish: 31/08/2004

Use of Cu and Au electrodes in electroanalysis: amperometric detection of ethanol in exhaled air and other applications


Grant Holder: Thiago Régis Longo César da PaixãoSupervisor: Mauro BertottiInstitution: Institute of Chemistry / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/09/2002Finish: 29/02/2004

Studies of oxidation of ethanol over Ni, Co and Ni-Co alloys


Grant Holder: Angerson Nogueira do NascimentoSupervisor: Sérgio Antônio Spinola MachadoInstitution: São Carlos Institute of Chemistry / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/03/2002Finish: 28/02/2003

Production of electrical energy from catalytic reformation of ethanol coupled to a fuel cell


Grant Holder: Marcelo da Silva BatistaSupervisor: Edson Antônio TicianelliInstitution: Institute of Chemistry / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/08/2002Finish: 31/08/2004

Study of decomposing binary oxide electrodes ruo2+ta205: investigation of the oxidation of ethanol and aceticacid in acid medium as model reactionsof the breaking of the C-C bond

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Grant Holder: Josimar RibeiroSupervisor: Adalgisa Rodrigues de AndradeInstitution: Ribeirão Preto School of Philosophy,Sciences and Arts / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/03/2003Finish: 28/02/2006

Development and study of supportedelectrocatalysts for fuel cells


Grant Holder: Érica de Camargo BortholinSupervisor: Ernesto Rafael GonzalezInstitution: São Carlos Institute of Chemistry / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/04/2003Finish: 31/08/2005

Electrochemical and spectroscopic studyof alloys formed on monocrystalline platinum by surface modification in levelsof submonolayers of Ru, Os and Ru/Os:application in the electro-oxidation of...


Grant Holder: Vinícius Del ColleSupervisor: Germano Tremiliosi FilhoInstitution: São Carlos Institute of Chemistry / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/09/2003Finish: 29/02/2004

Electrochemical and spectroscopic studies of the oxidation of ethanol acid medium


Grant Holder: Giuseppe Abiola Camara da SilvaSupervisor: Teresa Benita Iwasita de VielstichInstitution: São Carlos Institute of Chemistry / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/04/2003Finish: 30/06/2006

Characterization of silica in sugarcane bagasse and leaf ash


Grant Holder: Aline Moreira de SouzaSupervisor: Maria Izabel Maretti Silveira BuenoInstitution: Institute of Chemistry / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/11/2003Finish: 31/10/2004

Electrochemical oxidation of ethanol in Pt-Rh-Ru electrodes dispersed in carbon: study of the effect of composition and particle size in theselectivity and mechanism of reaction


Grant Holder: Melina D Villa SilvaSupervisor: Germano Tremiliosi FilhoInstitution: São Carlos Institute of Chemistry /University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/11/2004Finish: 31/10/2008

Modification of the platinum activity for the electro-catalysis of ethanol oxidation in direct ethanol fuel cells


Grant Holder: Fábio Henrique Barros de LimaSupervisor: Ernesto Rafael GonzalezInstitution: São Carlos Institute of Chemistry / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/09/2006Finish: 31/08/2007

Development of analytical methods involving multi-element determinations in lubricating oil and fuel alcohol by continuum source flame atomicabsorption spectrometry


Grant Holder: Volnei Resta Amorim Filho

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Supervisor: José Anchieta Gomes NetoInstitution: Araraquara Institute of Chemistry / Paulista State University (Unesp)

Start: 01/04/2006Finish: 31/03/2008

Development of nanoparticle catalysts of the type pt-m1-m2(m1 and m2 = ir,ru, os) for application in direct-ethanolfuel cells


Grant Holder: Herbert Duchatsch JohansenSupervisor: Germano Tremiliosi FilhoInstitution: São Carlos Chemistry Institute/ University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/06/2006Finish: 31/05/2007

Development and validation of method for the simultaneous determination of copper, iron, sodium, nitrate and acetate ions in combustible ethanol using ion chromatography


Grant Holder: Jailson Cardoso DiasSupervisor: Lauro Tatsuo KubotaInstitution: Chemistry Institute / State University ofCampinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/01/2007Finish: 31/12/2009

Behavior of the inorganic N dissolved in surface and sub-surface waters in area under sugarcane cultivation


Grant Holder: Alexandre Martins FernandesSupervisor: Jefferson MortattiInstitution: Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture / University of São Paulo (Cena/USP)

Start: 01/09/2006Finish: 30/06/2008

Study of the oxidation of methanol and ethanol over supported bimetalliccatalysts prepared by colloidal methods


Grant Holder: Denis Ricardo Martins de GodoiSupervisor: Hebe de Las Mercedes VillullasInstitution: Araraquara Institute of Chemistry / Paulista State University (Unesp)

Start: 01/05/2007Finish: 30/04/2010

Evaluation of pre-treatments and modeling of the enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse for the production of ethanol


Grant Holder: Sarita Cândida RabeloSupervisor: Aline Carvalho da CostaInstitution: School of Chemical Engineering / State University of Campinas (Unicamp)

Start: 01/07/2007Finish: 30/06/2010

FISH HATCHERY RESOURCES AND ENGINEERING OF FISH

Utilization of whole sugarcane yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)and its subproducts inthe feeding of young catfish (Pseudoplatystoma coruscans)


Grant Holder: Juliane Renata GaiottoSupervisor: Elisabete Maria Macedo ViegasInstitution: School of Zootechnics and FoodEngineering / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/03/2003Finish: 31/01/2005

ZOOLOGY

Female reproductive system of the sugarcane spittlebug Mahanarva fimbriolata (homoptera). Morpho-histological study and protein dosage

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Grant Holder: Débora CaperucciSupervisor: Maria Izabel Camargo MathiasInstitution: Rio Claro Institute of Biosciences / Paulista State University (Unesp)

Start: 01/03/2004Finish: 31/12/2004

ZOOTECHNICS

Nutritional value of sugarcane in natural or silaged forms, with or without the addition of urea


Grant Holder: Ricardo Lopes Dias da CostaSupervisor: Carlos de Sousa LucciInstitution: School of Veterinary Medicine / University of Santo Amaro

Start: 01/09/1999Finish: 31/12/2000

Nutritional value of sugarcane in natural and silaged forms, silaged with urea or not


Grant Holder: Adriana CapezzutoSupervisor: Carlos de Sousa LucciInstitution: School of Veterinary Medicine / University of Santo Amaro (Unisa)

Start: 01/09/1999Finish: 31/12/2000

Evaluation of sugarcane bagasse treated with different chemical agents throughstudies of ruminal kinetics and digestibi-lity trials


Grant Holder: Mauricio VirmondSupervisor: Paulo Roberto LemeInstitution: School of Zootechnics and FoodEngineering / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/03/1999Finish: 28/02/2001

Effect of monesine on the ruminal degradability of feeds with sugarcanebagasse and subproduct of lysine (spl)


Grant Holder: Michel Golfetto CalixtoSupervisor: Jane Maria Bertocco EzequielInstitution: Jaboticabal School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences / State University Paulista (Unesp)

Start: 01/06/2000Finish: 31/05/2001

Processing of sugarcane: its effects on digestibility, degradability and rate of passage


Grant Holder: Mario Adriano Ávila QueirozSupervisor: Jane Maria Bertocco EzequielInstitution: Jaboticabal School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences / State University Paulista (Unesp)

Start: 01/04/2001Finish: 31/12/2001

Chemical Additives and associationof bacterial additives in the silaging ofsugarcane (Saccharum officinarum i.)


Grant Holder: Oscar Cezar Muller QueirozSupervisor: Luiz Gustavo NussioInstitution: Luiz de Queiroz Higher School of Agriculture / University of São Paulo (Esalq/USP)

Start: 01/03/2005Finish: 31/07/2006

Evaluation of the action of time afterplantation burning and additives in the silaging of sugarcane

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Grant Holder: Anna Paula de Toledo Piza RothSupervisor: Ricardo Andrade ReisInstitution: Jaboticabal School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences / Paulista State University (Unesp)

Start: 01/06/2005Finish: 31/12/2006

Evaluation of quicklime, hydrated lime and chalk as additives to freshly cut and silaged sugarcane


Grant Holder: Marcelo Armelin SilvaSupervisor: Hamilton CaetanoInstitution: Araçatuba School of Dentistry / Paulista State University (Unesp)

Start: 01/10/2006Finish: 31/07/2007

Protein sugarcane-baseddiets for dairy heifers


Grant Holder: Sandro de Souza MendoncaSupervisor: Telma Teresinha BerchielliInstitution: Jaboticabal School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences / State University Paulista (Unesp)

Start: 01/01/2007Finish: 31/05/2007

Digestive parameters of sugarcane treated with hydrated quicklime


Grant Holder: Andre Pastori D AureaSupervisor: Jane Maria Bertocco EzequielInstitution: Jaboticabal School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences / State University Paulista (Unesp)

Start: 01/02/2007Finish: 31/12/2007

Fermentative and bromatological characterization of sugarcane silage


Grant Holder: Laura Maria Oliveira BorgattiSupervisor: Paulo Henrique Mazza RodriguesInstitution: School of Zootechnic VeterinaryMedicine / University of São Paulo (USP)

Start: 01/02/2007Finish: 31/01/2009

Consumption, digestibility and performance of sheep receiving diets of sugarcane treated with calcium hydroxide


Grant Holder: Fernanda Lopes MacedoSupervisor: Acyr Wanderley de Paula FreitasInstitution: Paulista Agency for Technology and Agribusiness / SAA-SP

Start: 01/05/2007Finish: 31/03/2008

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Selection of reports on sugarcane and

sugarcane and ethanol derivatives

Pesquisa FAPESP magazine

TEAM RESPONSABLE

Editorial production

FAPESP Communications Office

Executive producer

Maria da Graça Mascarenhas

Translation

John Lyons

Translation of reports – Pesquisa FAPESP

Deborah NealeRoger Skipp

Revision of reports - Pesquisa FAPESP

Alison Mary Emily Askew

Graphic design, cover and illustrations

Hélio de Almeida

Graphic typesetting

Tatiane Britto Costa

Cover photo

Eduardo Cesar

Photos

Eduardo Cesar, 13, 23 and 55Miguel Boyayan, 29

Collaboration

Luiz Fernando Cunha

Rosaly Favero Krzyzanowski, Ana Luiza A. R. Sanches, Fabiana Pereira Andrade, Inês Maria de Morais Imperatriz and Thais Fernandes de Morais – FAPESP Documentation and Information Center (CDi)

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