bls_1188-14_1956.pdf

Occupational Wage Survey

PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLANDMARCH 1956

BLS Bulletin No. 1188-14

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS

Ewan Clague, Commissioner

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

Occupational Wage Survey

PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND

MARCH 1956

Bulletin No. 1188-14

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABO R

James P. Mitchell, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS

Ewan Clague, Commissioner

June 1956

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. - Price 25 cents


Contents

P age

In tro d u ct io n ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------- 1W age tre n d s f o r s e le c t e d o ccu p a tio n a l g rou p s ---------------- --------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------- 3

T a b le s :

1: E s ta b lis h m e n ts and w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s u r v e y ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22 : P e r c e n t ch a n g es in stan dard w e e k ly s a la r ie s f o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e

h o u r ly ea rn in g s f o r s e le c te d p lant o c cu p a tio n a l g ro u p s , f o r s e le c t e d p e r io d s ---------------------------------------------- 3

A : O ccu p a tio n a l ea rn in gs * -A - l : O f fic e o ccu p a tio n s ----------------------------------------------------A - 2 : P r o fe s s io n a l and te ch n ica l o ccu p a tio n s ----------A - 3 : M a in ten a n ce and p ow erp la n t o c cu p a tio n s -------A - 4 : C u s to d ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t o ccu p a tio n s

B: E s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and s u p p le m e n ta ry w a ge p r o v is io n s * -B - l : S h ift d if fe r e n t ia l p r o v is io n s -------------------------------- 11B -2 : M in im u m en tra n ce ra tes fo r w om en o f f ic e w o r k e r s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12B -3 : S ch ed u led w e e k ly h ou rs --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13B -4 : P a id h o lid a y s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13B -5 : P a id v a ca tio n s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14B -6 : H ea lth , in su ra n ce , and p e n s io n p lan s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16

A p p en d ix : J ob d e s c r ip t io n s --------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17

* N O T E : S im ila r tabu lation s fo r m o s t o f th ese ite m s a r e a v a ila b le in the P r o v id e n c e a r e a r e p o r t s fo r D e c e m b e r 1951 and D e c e m b e r 1952. A d ir e c t o r y in d ica t in g date o f stu dy and the p r ic e o f the r e p o r t s , as w e ll as r e p o r ts f o r o th er m a jo r a r e a s , is a v a ila b le upon r e q u e s t .

A c u rre n t r e p o r t on o c cu p a tio n a l ea rn in g s and s u p p le m e n ta ry w a ge p r a c t i c e s is a ls o a v a ila b le fo r p o w e r la u n d r ie s and d r y c le a n e r s in the P r o v id e n c e a r e a (M ay 1955). U nion s c a le s , in d ica t iv e o f p re v a il in g p a y le v e ls , a r e a v a ila b le f o r the fo l lo w in g tra d e s o r in d u s t r i e s : B u ild in g co n s tr u c t io n , p r in tin g , lo c a l tra n s it op e ra tin g e m p lo y e e s , and m o to r tr u c kd r iv e r s . ______ _____________________________________________

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T h e C om m u n ity W age S u rv ey P r o g r a m

T he B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta t is t ic s r e g u la r ly con d u cts a re a w id e w age s u r v e y s in a n u m b er o f im p o rta n t in d u s tr ia l c e n te r s . T he s tu d ie s , m a d e f r o m la te fa l l to e a r ly s p r in g , re la te to o ccu p a tio n a l ea rn in g s and r e la te d su p p le m e n ta ry b e n e fit s . A p r e l im in a r y r e p o r t is a v a ila b le on c o m p le t io n o f the study in e a ch a r e a , u su a lly in the m onth fo l lo w in g the p a y r o l l p e r io d s tu d ie d . T h is b u lle t in p r o v id e s a dd ition a l data n ot in c lu d e d in the e a r l i e r r e p o r t . A c o n s o lid a te d a n a ly tica l b u lle t in s u m m a r iz in g the r e s u lts o f a ll o f the y e a r f s s u rv e y s is is s u e d a fte r c o m p le t io n o f the fin a l a r e a b u lle t in f o r the c u r r e n t rou nd o f s u r v e y s .


Occupational W age Survey - Providence, R. I. *

Introduction

The P rov id en ce a rea is one of severa l im portant industria l cen ters in w hich the D epartm ent of L a b o r s Bureau of L abor Statistics conducted su rveys o f occupational earnings and related wage ben efits . In each a re a , data a re obtained by p erson a l v is its o f Bureau fie ld agents to represen ta tive establishm ents within s ix broad industry d iv is ion s : M anufacturing; transportation (excluding ra ilro a d s ), c o m m unication , and other public u tilities; w holesale trade; reta il trade; finan ce , in su ran ce , and re a l estate; and s e rv ice s . M ajor industry groups excluded fro m these studies, besides ra ilro a d s , are govern m ent operations and the con stru ction and extractive in du stries . E stab lishm ents having few er than a p re scr ib e d num ber o f w ork ers a re om itted a lso becau se they furn ish insu fficient em ploym ent in the occupations studied to w arrant in clu sion . 1 W herever p oss ib le , separate tabulations a re p rov id ed fo r each o f the broad industry d iv is ion s .

T hese su rveys a re conducted on a sam ple basis becau se o f the u n n ecessa ry co s t involved in surveying a ll estab lish m en ts, and to insure p rom pt publica tion o f re su lts . To obtain appropriate a ccu ra cy at m in im um co s t , a g rea ter p rop ortion of large than of sm a ll establishm ents is studied. In com bining the data, how ever, a ll establishm ents a re given their app rop ria te w eight. E stim ates based on the establishm ents studied a re p resen ted , th ere fo re , as relating to a ll establishm ents in the industry grouping and a rea , * 1 2 except fo r those below the m inim um s iz e studied.O ccupations and Earnings

The occupations se lected fo r study are com m on to a va rie ty of m anufacturing and nonm anufacturing industries . O ccupational c la s s i f i cation is based on a u n iform set of job descrip tion s designed to take accou nt o f in terestab lishm ent variation in duties within the sam e job (see appendix fo r listing o f these descrip tion s). Earnings data are p resen ted (in the A -s e r ie s tab les) fo r the follow ing types o f o ccu p a tion s: (a) O ffice c le r ic a l ; (b) p ro fess ion a l and techn ica l; (c) m aintenance and pow erplant; and (d) custod ial and m ateria l m ovem ent.

Data are shown fo r fu ll-t im e w ork ers, i. e. , those h ired to w ork a regu lar w eek ly schedule in the given occupational c la ss ifica tio n . E arnings data exclude prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, h o lidays, and late sh ifts . N onproduction bonuses a re e x cluded a lso , but c o s t -o f - l iv in g bonuses and incentive earnings a re in cluded . W here w eek ly hours a re reported , as fo r o ff ic e c le r ic a l o c cupations, r e fe re n ce is to the w ork schedules (rounded to the n earest half hour) fo r w hich stra igh t-tim e sa la ries are paid; average w eek ly earnings fo r these occupations have been rounded to the n earest half d o lla r .

* This rep ort was prep ared in the Bureau*s reg ion a l o ff ic e in B oston , M a ss . , by L eo E pstein , under the d irection of Paul V. M ulkern, R egional W age and Industrial R elations A nalyst.

1 See table 1 fo r m in im u m -s ize establishm ent cov ered .2 The tabulation o f m inim um entrance rates fo r w om en o ff ice

w o rk e rs re la tes on ly to p rov is ion s in establishm ents studied.

O ccupational em ploym ent estim ates represen t the total in a ll establishm ents within the scop e o f the study and not the num ber actually su rveyed . B ecause o f d iffe ren ces in occupational structure among e s tablishm ents, the estim ates o f occupational em ploym ent obtained from the sam ple o f establishm ents studied se rv e only to indicate the relative im portance o f the jobs studied. These d ifferen ces in occupational stru ctu re do not m a teria lly a ffect the a ccu ra cy o f the earnings data.

E stablishm ent P ra ctice s and Supplem entary W age P rov isions

Inform ation is p resen ted a lso (in the B -s e r ie s tables) on s e lected establishm ent p ra ctice s and supplem entary benefits as they relate to o ffice and plant w o rk e rs . The term "o f f ic e w o r k e r s ," as used in this bulletin , includes a ll o ff ice c le r ic a l em ployees and excludes ad m in istrative , execu tive, p ro fe ss io n a l, and tech n ica l personnel. "Plant w o rk e rs " include w orking forem en and a ll nonsuperv isory w orkers (including leadm en and tra in ees) engaged in nonoffice functions. A dm in istra tive , execu tive, p ro fe ss io n a l, and tech n ica l em ployees , and fo r c e - account con stru ction em ployees who are u tilized as a separate w ork fo r c e a re excluded. C a feteria w ork ers 'and routem en are excluded in m anufacturing in du stries , but a re included as plant w orkers in nonmanufacturing in du stries .

Shift d ifferen tia l data (table B - l ) a re lim ited to m anufacturing in du stries . This in form ation is presented both in term s of (a) establishm ent p o licy , 3 p resen ted in term s o f total plant w orker em ploym ent, and (b) e ffective p ra c tice , presented on the basis o f w orkers actually em ployed on the sp ecified shift at the tim e o f the survey. In establishm ents having varied d iffe ren tia ls , the amount applying to a m ajority was used o r , if no amount applied to a m a jo r ity , the cla ss ifica tion "o th e r " was used .

M inimum entrance rates (table B -2 ) relate only to the establishm ents v is ited . They a re presented on an establishm ent, rather than on an em ploym ent b a s is . Scheduled hours; paid holidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans are treated sta tis t ica lly on the basis that these a re app licab le to a ll plant or o ffice w ork ers if a m a jo r ity o f such w ork ers a re e lig ib le or m ay eventually qualify fo r the p ra ctice s lis ted . 4 B ecause of rounding, sums of individual item s in these tabulations do not n e ce ssa r ily equal totals.

The sum m ary o f vacation plans is lim ited to form al arran gem ents, excluding in form al plans w hereby tim e o ff with pay is granted at the d iscre tion of the em p loyer. Separate estim ates are provided

3 An establishm ent was con sid ered as having a p o licy if it m et either o f the fo llow ing conditions: ( l ) Operated late shifts at the tim e of the su rvey , or (2) had form a l p rov is ion s coverin g late shifts.

4 Scheduled w eekly hours fo r o ff ice w ork ers (first section of table B -3 ) a re p resented in term s o f the p roportion of wom en office w ork ers em ployed in o ffice s with the indicated w eekly hours fo r wom en w o rk e rs .

1Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

2accord in g to em ployer p ra c tice in com puting vacation paym ents, such as tim e paym ents, p ercen t o f annual earn ings, or fla t-su m am ounts. H ow ever, in the tabulations o f vacation a llow ances by years o f s e rv ice , payments not on a tim e basis w ere converted ; fo r exam ple, a paym ent o f 2 percen t of annual earnings was con sid ered as the equivalent o f 1 w eek s pay.

Data a re presen ted fo r a ll health, insurance, and pension plans fo r which at least a part o f the co s t is borne by the em p loyer, excepting only lega l requ irem ents such as w orkm en s com pensation and so c ia l secu rity . Such plans include those underw ritten by a co m m e rc ia l insurance com pany and those prov ided through a union fund or paid d irectly by the em ployer out of cu rren t operating funds or from a fund set aside fo r this pu rpose . Death benefits a re included as a form of life insurance.

S ickness and acciden t insurance is lim ited to that type of in surance under which predeterm ined cash paym ents a re m ade d ire ct ly to the insured on a w eekly or m onthly basis during illn ess o r acciden t d isability . Inform ation is p resented fo r a ll such plans to which the em ployer con tributes. H ow ever, in New Y ork and New J ersey , which have enacted tem porary d isab ility insurance laws which requ ire em ployer contributions, 5 plans a re included only if the em ployer (1) con tributes m ore than is lega lly requ ired , or (2) p rov ides the em ployee

with benefits which exceed the requ irem en ts o f the law. Tabulations o f paid s ick -le a v e plans a re lim ited to fo rm a l plans which p rov id e fu ll pay or a p roportion of the w o r k e r s pay during absen ce from w ork becau se of illn ess . Separate tabulations a re p rov id ed a ccord in g to ( l ) plans which prov ide fu ll pay and no w aiting p er iod , and (2) plans provid ing either partia l pay or a waiting p e r io d . In addition to the presentation of the p roportions o f w ork ers who a re p rov ided s ick n ess and accid en t insurance or paid s ic k lea ve , an unduplicated total is shown of w orkers who re ce iv e either or both types of ben efits .

Catastrophe insurance, som etim es r e fe r re d to as extended m ed ica l insurance, includes those plans w hich a re designed to p ro te ct em ployees in case o f sickness and in ju ry involving expenses beyond the n orm al covera ge of hosp italization , m ed ica l, and su rg ica l p lan s. M edica l insurance re fe rs to plans prov id in g fo r com p lete or p artia l paym ent o f d o c to r s fe e s . Such plans m ay be underw ritten by co m m e rc ia l in surance com panies or nonprofit organ izations o r they m ay be s e l f - in sured . Tabulations of retirem en t pension plans a re lim ited to those plans that provide m onthly paym ents fo r the rem ainder o f the w o rk e r s life .

5 The tem porary d isability laws in C a liforn ia and flhode Islanddo not requ ire em ployer con tributions.

Table 1: Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied in Providence, R. I . , 1 by major industry division, March 1956

Minimum - size Number of establishments Workers in establishments

Industry division establishmentWithin

scope of C^ i A/lWithin scope of study Studied

in scope of studv 2

study oluaieu Total3 Office Plant Total 3

All divisions ___ ________________________ ______________ 51 685 128 144,100 16,200 1 0 9 , 1 0 0 59,940.

Manufacturing ___________ _______________________________ 51 496 70 111,900 8 ,400 90,200 40,220Nonmanufacturing _______________________________________

Transportation (excluding railroads),51 189 58 32,200 7,800 18,900 19,720

communication, and other public utilities4 _____ 51 20 11 8 ,400 1,700 5,600 7 ,710Wholesale trade _ _ ... ... 51 33 9 2 ,800 (5) (*) 820Retail trade _ _ ... ___ 51 78 22 13,200 1,300 10,400 7 ,350

2,840Finance, insurance, and real estate ______________ 51 30 9 5,000 ( ) (!)Services6 51 28 7 2,800 i5) (5) 1,000

1 The Providence Metropolitan Area (Central Falls, Cranston, Pawtucket, Providence, and Woonsocket cities, and 7 towns in Providence County; North Kingston town in Washington County; Warwick city and 3 towns in Kent County; all of Bristol County, R. I. Also Attleboro city and 8 contiguous towns in B ristol, Norfolk, and Worcester Counties, M ass. ). The "workers within scope of study" estimates shown in this table provide a reasonably accurate description of the size and composition of the labor force included in the survey. The estimates are not intended, however, to serve as a basis of comparison with other area employment indexes to measure employment trends or levels since (l) planning of wage surveys requires the use of establishment data compiled considerably in advance of the pay period studied, and (2) small establishments are excluded from the scope of the survey.

2 Includes all establishments with total employment at or above the m inim um -size limitation. All outlets (within the area) of companies in such industries as trade, finance, auto repair service, and motion-picture theaters are considered as 1 establishment.

3 Includes executive, technical, professional, and other workers excluded from the separate office and plant categories.4 Also excludes taxicabs, and services incidental to water transportation.5 This industry division is represented in estimates for "a ll industries" and "nonmanufacturing" in the Series A and B tables, although coverage was insufficient to

justify separate presentation of data.6 Hotels; personal services; business services; automobile repair shops; radio broadcasting and television; motion pictures; nonprofit membership organizations; and

engineering and architectural services.Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

3W age Trends fo r S elected O ccupational Groups

Tabulated b elow are indexes o f sa la ries of w om en o ffice c l e r i ca l w o rk e rs , and o f average earnings of se lected plant w ork er groups.

F or o ff ice c le r ic a l w ork ers , the indexes rela te to average w eekly sa la r ie s fo r n orm al hours of w ork , that is , the standard w ork schedule fo r w hich stra igh t-tim e sa laries are paid. F or plant w ork er grou ps, the indexes m easu re changes in stra ight-tim e hourly earn ings, excluding prem ium pay fo r overtim e and for w ork on w eekends, h o lidays, and late sh ifts . The indexes are based on data fo r se lected key occupations and include m ost of the n um erica lly im portant jobs within each group. E ighteen jobs w ere included in the o ffice c le r ic a l index; 10 sk illed m aintenance jobs and 3 unskilled jobs w ere included in the plant w ork er in dexes. See footnotes to table 2.

A verage w eek ly sa la ries or average hourly earnings w ere com puted fo r each o f the se lected occupations. The average sa la r ies or hourly earnings w ere then m ultiplied by the average o f D ecem ber 1952 and M arch 1956 em ploym ent in the job . These weighted earnings for individual occupations w ere then added to obtain an aggregate fo r each occupational group. F in a lly , the ratio of these group aggregates fo r a given year to the aggregate fo r the base period (su rvey month, w inter 1952-53) was com puted and the resu lt m ultiplied by the base year index (100) to get the index fo r the given year.

The indexes m easure p rin cip a lly the e ffects o f (l) general sa lary and wage changes; (2) m erit or other in creases in pay r e ce ived by individual w ork ers while in the sam e job ; and (3) labor turnover o r fo r c e expansion or reduction . A fo r c e expansion might in crea se the p roportion of low er paid w ork ers in a sp ecific o c cu pation and resu lt in a drop in the index, w hereas a reduction in the p roportion o f low er paid w ork ers would have the opposite effect. The indexes a re a lso a ffected by shifts in the proportion o f w orkers em ployed by establishm ents with d ifferen t pay le v e ls . F or exam ple, the m ovem ent o f a high-paying establishm ent out of an area cou ld cause the index to d rop , even though no change in rates o ccu rred in other a rea establishm ents.

The use of constant em ploym ent weights elim inates the effects of changes in the p roportion o f w ork ers represen ted in each job included in the index. N or are the indexes influenced by changes in standard w ork schedules or in p rem ium pay fo r overtim e, since they are based on pay fo r stra ight-tim e hours.

Indexes fo r the p eriod 1952 to 1955 fo r w orkers in 17 m ajor labor m ark ets , appeared in BLS B ull. 1172, W ages and Related B enefits , 17 L abor M arkets, 1954-55.

T a b le 2: Index o f sta n d a rd w e e k ly s a la r ie s f o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l 1 and a v e ra g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s f o r s e le c t e d p lan t o c cu p a t io n a l g ro u p s 2 in P r o v id e n c e , R . I . , M a rch 1956

and p e r c e n t o f in c r e a s e fo r s e le c t e d p e r io d s

In dex(D e c e m b e r 1952 : 100) P e r c e n t in c r e a s e s f r o m

In d u stry and o ccu p a tio n a l g rou p M a rch1956

D e ce m b e r 1951 to

D e ce m b e r 1952

D e c e m b e r 1951 to

M a r c h 1956

A ll in d u s tr ie s :18. 6O ff ic e c le r i c a l (w om en ) __ __ __ -------- ----- 1 1 3 .0 5 .0

S k ille d m ain ten an ce (m en) ----- ----------- 1 1 3 .8 4 . 7 19. 1U n sk illed p lant (m en ) __ __ __ -------- __ 1 1 0 .5 4 . 5 1 5 .5

M a n u fa ctu r in g :3 . 1 1 7 .4O ff ic e c le r i c a l (w om en ) _ __ -------- ----------------- 1 1 4 .0

S k ille d m ain ten an ce (m en) ----- ----- 1 1 3 .6 4 . 7 1 9 .0U n sk ille d p lan t (m en ) __ __ __ __ -------- 105. 6 4 .7 1 0 .6

B a se d on data fo r the fo llo w in g jo b s : 2 B a s e d on data f o r the fo llo w in g jo b s :

O ff ic e c l e r i c a l (w o m e n ):B i l l e r s , m a ch in e (b il l in g m a ch in e )B o o k k e e p in g -m a ch in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s A and BC o m p to m e te r o p e r a to r sC le r k s , f i l e , c la s s A and BC le r k s , o r d e rC le r k s , p a y r o llK ey -p u n ch o p e r a to r sO ff ic e g ir lsS e c r e ta r ie sS te n o g ra p h e rs , g e n e ra l S w itch b oa rd o p e r a to r s S w itch b oa rd o p e r a t o r -r e c e p t io n is t s T a b u la tin g -m a ch in e o p e r a to r s T r a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , g e n e ra l T y p is t s , c la s s A and B

S k ille d m a in ten a n ce (m e n ) : C a rp e n te rs E le c t r ic ia n s M a ch in is ts M e ch a n ic sM e c h a n ic s , a u tom otiv e M illw r ig h ts P a in te rs P ip e f it t e r s S h e e t -m e ta l w o rk e rs T o o l and d ie m a k e r s

U n sk ille d p lan t (m e n ) :J a n ito r s , p o r t e r s , and c le a n e r s L a b o r e r s , m a te r ia l han dling W atch m enDigitized for FRASER

http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

A: Occupational Earnings

5

Table A-l: O ffice O ccupations

(Average straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings 1 fo r se le cted occupations studied on an area basis in P rov id en ce , R . I . , by industry d iv ision , M arch 1956)

Sex, occu pation , and industry d iv ision Numberofworkers

Avebagb NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

Weeklyhours

(Standard)Weeklyearnings

(Standard)

$30.00and

^ 8 5

$35 .00

40 .00

$40 .00

45 .0 0

$45 .00

50.00

$50 .00

55 .00

$55 .00

60 .00

$60 .00

65 .00

$65 .00

70 .00

$70.00

75 .00

$75 .00

80.00

$80 .00

85.00

$85.00

90 .00

$90 .00

95 .00

$95 .00

100.00

$100.00

105.00

$105.00

110.00

$110.00

115.00

$115.00

120.00

M en

C le rk s , accounting, c la ss A ... . ... 95 40.0 87.50 _ _ _ _ _ 3 14 1 3 10 11 5 11 3 16 5 10 3M an u factu rin g_______________ ___________________________ 47 40.0 89.50 - - - - - - 9 - 2 - 6 2 9 1 3 ------- 5 10 -N onm anufacturing ____ ... 48 39.5 86.00 - - - 3 5 1 1 10 5 3 2 2 13 - - 3

C le rk s , accounting, c la ss B ___________________________ __ 110 39.0 73 .00 - _ 5 3 10 7 15 11 16 7 _ - _ 36 _ _ _ -M anufacturing _. . 36 39.0 5 8 .do - - 5 1 5 4 14 - 4 3 - - - - - - - -N onm anufacturing ___ 74 39.0 80.50 - - - 2 5 3 1 11 12 4 - - - 36 " - - -

C le r k s . ord er ....... 81 40.0 70 .50 _ _ 5 2 1 5 1 26 2 13 6 20 .. _ _ _ _ _M anufacturing _ 72 l o T 75753 - -

5----- 1 1 4 - 26 2 13 - Id - - - " "

C le rk s , p a y r o l l ______________________________________ ______ 33 39.5 76 .00 _ _ _ _ 2 3 12 8 5 _ _ _ 3 _ - _M anufacturing . __ ______ ... . ... 26 4 0 .0 ^ 74.00 - - - - - - 2 - 12 8 4 - - - - - - -

O ffice boys . ............. 79 39.5 42 .00 2 9 1 49 8 10 _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _M anufacturing _ ............ ... _ 31 40 .0 43 .00 - - 26 5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - -N onm anufacturing ______________________________________ 48 39.0 41 .50 9 1 23 3 10 1 - - - - - - - - -

T abulating-m achine op era tors _ _ 81 39.0 68 .50 _ _ 1 7 7 8 20 8 6 1 7 9 1 1 2 3 _ _M anufacturing ..... . 37 39.5 59.50 - - 1 6 5 7 8 7 3 - 2 - - - - - - -N onm anufacturing _ ...... ..................... _ ,. _ 44 38.0 76.00 - - - 1 4 1 12 1 3 1 5 9 1 1 2 3

W om en

B il le r s , m achine (b illin g m a c h in e )______________________ 54 39.0 47 .00 7 _ 11 9 17 4 6 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _M anufacturing .... . _ .. .. _ ................. 31 39.0 51.00 - - 4 9 6 4 6 - - " - - - " -

B i l le r s , m achine (bookkeeping m ach ine) ... _ _. 98 39.5 45 .50 2 4 42 29 6 14 1 _ _ _ _ _ > _ _ _ _ -N onm anufacturing . ... ...... __ ...... .... . _ _ __ 57 " T 9 . 5 47. 00 2 4 6 27 6 12 - - - - - - - - - - - -

R etail trade _ ___ 50 39.0 46 .00 2 4 6 26 5 7 - - - - - - - . - - - ~

B ookkeeping-m ach ine o p e ra to rs , c la ss A 48 40 .0 56 .00 _ _ _ 6 25 4 2 2 6 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _M anufacturing ,. T. __ _ __ U 40 .0 55.00 - - - 24 4 - - 6 - - - - - - - - -

B ook keeping-m ach ine op e ra to rs , c la ss B ___ __ 373 39.5 49 .50 5 93 80 112 60 10 3 10 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _M anufacturing . ... . ... 224 " T 9 . ' f i 51 .00 - - 37 42 85 42 5 T ----- 10 - - - - - - - - -N onm anufacturing 149 39.5 47 .50 - 5 56 38 27 18 5 - - - - - - - - - - -

R etail t r a d e __________________________________________ 31 39.0 46 .00 - - 17 3 11 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

C le rk s , accounting, c la ss A . _ _ .... _ 179 38.5 58.50 _ _ 9 45 25 23 32 6 20 12 1 4 2 _ _ _ _ _M anufacturing .. .... 54 39.5 63 .00 _ _ _ _ 13 7 22 3 1 4 _ 2 2 - - - - -N onm anufacturing 125 38.0 56.50 - - 9 45 12 16 10 3 19 8 1 2 - - - - -

C le rk s , accounting, c la ss R 435 39.5 49 .50 3 15 122 89 99 34 52 17 2 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _M anufacturing _ . 218 " '40 .O ' 54750 _ _ 12 31 T 7 ----- 32 47 16 2 _ 1 _ _ - - - - -N onm anufacturing _ .... 217 38.5 44 .00 3 15 n o 58 22 2 5 1 - 1 - - - - - - - -

R etail trade 103 39.0 43 .50 3 12 40 40 6 - 1 1 - - - - - - - - - -

C le rk s , f ile , c la ss A __ ..... ... .... 90 38.5 52 .50 _ _ 18 14 32 12 6 1 5 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _M anufacturing _ 50 T 9 .r 49 .50 - _ ~T3----- 5 29 2 1 - _ _ - - - - - - - -N on m an u factu rin g______________________________________ 40 37.0 56.50 - - 5 9 3 10 5 1 5 1 1 - - " - - - -

C le rk s , f ile , c la ss B _ 271 38.5 42 .50 _ 47 167 38 15 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _M a n u fa ctu r in g____ ~7o9 40.0 41 .50 _ 3 102 1 2 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - -N onm anufacturing 162 37.5 42 .50 44 65 37 13 3

'

O ccupational Wage Survey, P rov id en ce , R . I . , M arch 1956U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

Bureau o f Labor Statistics

See footn otes at end o f table


6(A verage stra igh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings 1 for se lected occupations studied on an area basis in P rov id en ce , R . I. , by industry d iv ision , M arch 1956

Table A-1: Office Occupations - Continued

Sex, occupation , and industry div ision

W om en - Continued

C lerk s, ord er _______M anufacturin g___Nonmanufacturing

C lerk s , p a y r o l l_____M anufacturin g___Nonmanufacturing

R etail trade __

Com ptom eter o p e r a t o r s _______________________ __M anufacturin g__________________________________N onm anufacturing______________________________

R etail t r a d e _________________________________

D uplicating-m achine op era tors (m im eograph ord it to )______________________________________________

M anufacturin g__________________________________

K ey-punch operatorsM anufacturin g___Nonmanuf ac turing

O ffice g i r l s __________M anufacturin g___

S e c r e ta r ie s _______________M anufacturin g________Nonmanuf ac tu r in g ____

R etail t r a d e _______

Stenographers, general ...M anufacturin g________N onmanufacturing ____

Public u tilities * __

Stenographers, t e c h n ica l___________

Sw itchboard o p e r a t o r s ______________M anufacturin g____________________N onm anufacturing________________

R etail t r a d e ------------------------------

Sw itchboard op era tor -re cep tion istsM anufacturin g____________________N onm anufacturing________________

R etail t r a d e ___________________

Tabulating-m achine o p e r a t o r s _____M anufacturin g-------------------------------N onm anufacturing________________

Avesaox NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

Number $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $of Weekly Weekly 3 0 . 0 0 3 5 . 0 0 4 0 . 0 0 4 5 . 0 0 5 0 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 6 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 . 0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 . 0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0workers hours

(Standard)earnings

(Standard)a n d

u n d e r - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -3 5 . 0 0 4 0 . 0 0 4 5 . 0 0 5 0 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 6 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 . 0 0 9 0 . 0 0 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0

2 7 3 3 9 . 5$5 1 .0 0 2 1 6 63 52 51 4 9 19 6 1 11 3

2 2 0 4 0 . 0 5 1 .0 0 _ . 60 51 4 9 30 9 6 1 11 - 3 - - - - - -53 3 9 . 0 4 9 . 5 0 2 16 3 1 2 19 10 - - - - - - - - - "

4 7 4 3 9 . 5 5 2 .5 0 3 111 1 1 4 64 72 5 8 2 9 3 10 5 4 1 _ _3 5 6 3 9 . 5 5 1 .5 0 . 91 98 3 6 4 5 5 7 18 3 4 - 4 - - - - - -1 18 3 9 . 0 5 4 .5 0 _ 3 2 0 16 2 8 2 7 1 11 - 6 5 - - 1 - - - -

57 3 9 . 5 5 1 .5 0 - - 18 9 10 16 - - - - 4 - - - - -

2 3 6 3 9 . 0 5 1 .0 0 ! 12 73 3 8 33 2 4 19 31 _ 3 i 2 _ _ _ _ _132 3 9 . 5 5 2 .5 0 _ _ 4 4 18 18 13 10 2 9 - - - - - - - - - -1 0 4 3 8 . 5 4 9 . 0 0 1 12 2 9 2 0 15 11 9 2 - 3 - 2 - - - - - -

72 3 8 . 5 4 9 . 0 0 1 12 2 4 13 7 11 2 2 " ~

3 4 3 9 . 0 4 4 . 5 0 14 2 0 _ . . . .2 5 3 9 . 5 4 4 . 0 - - 11 14 - - - - - - - - - - -

2 8 1 3 8 . 5 4 9 . 0 0 _ 6 70 95 4 7 32 2 3 6 1 1 _ _ _ _ _1 4 4 3 9 . 5 5 0 .0 0 _ _ 3 7 3 4 3 6 2 4 7 5 1 - - - - - - - - -1 3 7 3 7 . 0 4 8 . 0 0 - 6 33 61 11 8 16 1 - 1 - - - - - - - -

69 3 9 . 5 4 2 . 5 0 2 1 52 12 1 _ . 1 _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ >4 7 4 0 . 0 4 3 .0 0 - 3 5 11 1 - - - - - - - - - -

7 6 2 3 9 . 0 6 1 .5 0 6 9 63 56 163 1 20 105 8 9 4 4 2 0 8 2 2 1 1 _ 1 _4 4 0 3 9 . 5 6 2 .5 0 . 3 7 19 2 5 8 8 9 7 75 5t 13 10 4 2 0 - - - - -3 2 2 3 8 . 5 5 9 -5 0 . _ . 32 4 4 31 75 2 3 30 3 7 31 10 4 2 1 1 - 1 -

83 3 9 . 0 5 5 .0 0 - - 14 8 7 31 1 13 9 - - - - *

92 1 3 9 . 0 5 1 .5 0 _ 1 1 8 0 2 7 3 1 5 7 1 4 7 9 7 3 6 14 9 3 2 1 1 _ _5 2 2 3 9 . 5 5 2 .5 0 _ _ 61 1 7 5 " 8 3 102 5 9 2 4 10 5 1 1 - - - - - -3 9 9 3 8 . 0 5 0 .5 0 . 1 1 1 9 9 7 74 4 5 3 8 12 4 4 2 1 1 1 - - - -

4 5 3 8 . 0 5 9 .0 0 - - 4 3 1 8 21 8 - - - - - -

2 9 3 9 . 0 5 9 .5 0 4 14 8 1 2 _ _ _ _1 4 7 3 9 . 0 5 0 .5 0 19 4 6 14 1 9 19 18 3 2 3 4

_ _ .3 4 4 0 . 0 5 4 .5 0 . 2 8 10 8 2 2 2 - - - - - - - . -

11 3 3 9 . 0 4 9 . 5 0 . 19 4 4 6 9 11 16 1 - 3 4 - - - - - - -4 0 3 9 . 5 4 1 . 0 0 - 19 17 4 - - - - - - - - * - -

3 1 6 3 9 . 5 4 8 . 5 0 14 6 9 1 03 7 4 3 7 13 2 4 _ _ _

2 3 9 3 9 . 5 4 8 . 5 0 _ _ 5FT 81 63 2 5 5 2 i - - - - - - - - -77 3 8 . 5 4 9 . 0 0 14 7 2 2 11 12 8 - 3 . - - - - - - -31 3 9 . 5 4 6 . 0 0 - 6 - 16 9 - - - - * - * -

8 9 3 8 . 0 5 7 . o o ; - 1 8 8 14 2 8 19 8 z 1 * _ _ _ 32 3 * 6 5 0 6 _ _ 5 6 4 n r~ 5 6 1 - - - - - - - . .

4 7 3 7 . 0 5 8 .0 0 1 3 2 10 13 14 2 i 1

See footnotes at end o f table.* T ransportation (excluding ra ilroa d s), com m unication , and other public u tilities


7Table A-l: Office Occupations - Continued

(A verage stra igh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings 1 fo r se lected occupations studied on an area basis in P rov id en ce , R . I. , by industry d iv ision , M arch 1956)

Avkbagk NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $S e x , o c c u p a t i o n , a n d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n Ofworkers Weekly Weekly

3 0 .0 0 3 5 . 0 0 4 0 . 0 0 4 5 . 0 0 5 0 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 6 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0

(Standard) (Standard) u n d e r3 5 .0 0 4 0 . 0 0 4 5 . 0 0 5 0 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 6 0 .0 0 6 5 . 0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0

W o m e n - C o n t in u e d

T r a n s c r i b i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s , g e n e r a l _ _ __________ 1 4 9 3 9 .0$4 8 . 50 72 14 4 0 13 1 5 2 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _

... . ----------- __ 8 9 3 9 .5 4 8 . 50 _ 4 5 7 21 11 - 5 - - - - - - - - - -N n n m a n u f a r t n r i n g 60 3 8 .5 4 8 . 0 0 _ _ 2 7 7 19 2 1 - 2 1 1 - - - - - - -

T y p i s t s , c l a s s A ___________ ___________ ____ 1 4 9 3 9 .0 5 0 . 50 13 43 2 9 19 17 6 10 8 4 __ _ _ _ _ -

M a n u fa r t i i r iT ig ................. ....... 53 4 0 .0 5 5 . 50l _ _ _ 2 0 9 9 4 7 4 - - - - - - - - -N onT nannfact'V T iT 'g . r ....... - _ _ 9 6 3 8 .5 4 8 . 0 0 13 4 3 9 10 8 2 3 4 4 - - - - - - - -

T y p i s t s , r l a s s R , , __ _ 6 2 2 3 9 .5 4 5 . 0 0 5 3 3 7 1 6 8 65 18 2 3 6 _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ -M a n n fa r t i i - r in g . _ ...... ... 4 2 5 3 9 .5 4 7 . 0 0 _ 3 173 141 62 17 2 3 6 - - - - - - - - - -| J n n m a n iifa r t i ir in g 1 9 7 3 9 - 0 4 2 . 0 0 _ 2 1 6 4 2 7 3 1 _ _ . - - . - - - - - -

1 H ours r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r which em ployees rece ive their regu lar stra igh t-tim e sa laries and the earnings co rresp on d to these w eekly hours.2 Includes 1 w ork er at under $30 .

Table A-2: Professional and Technical Occupations

(Average stra igh t-tim e w eekly nours and earnings 1 fo r se lected occupations studied on an area basis in P rov id en ce , R . I. , by industry d iv ision , M arch 1956)

Sex, occu pation , and industry d iv isionNumber

ofworkers

Avzbagz NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

Weeklyhours

(Standard)Weeklyearnings

(Standard)Under$50.00

$50.00

andunder55.00

55.00

60.00

*60. 00

65.00

*65.00

70.00

*70.00

75.00

*75.00

80 .00

*80.00

85.00

*85.00

90.00

$90 .00

95.00

*95.00

100.00

$100.00

105.00

$105.00

110.00

*10.00

115.00

*115.00

120.00

*120.00

125.00

*125.00

130.00

*30.00

135.00

$135.00

140.00

s140.00

145.00

s Is145.00 150.00

- j and150.00 over

M en

$D ra ftsm en , lea d er _ 43 40 .0 113.00 _ . _ , _ _ 2 6 4 7 10 1 - 10 2 - _ _ l

M anufacturing ---------- 43 40 .0 113.00 - - - - - - - - 2 ST - 4 7 10 1 - 10 2 - * " l

D ra ftsm en , sen io r _ _ __ 317 40 .0 85.00 3 23 36 38 95 29 36 11 9 3 23 2 3 2 2 1 1M anufacturing _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ 312 40 .0 83.00 - 2 22 35 37 94 29 36 11 9 J 23 2 3 2 ------2 1 1 ; 1 -

D ra ftsm en , ju n ior _ _ __ 88 4 0 .0 62.00 23 4 39 3 12 5 2M anufacturing _ __ ___ _ 79 40 .0 61.00 - 23 4 38 3 4 5 2 - - - - - - ~ - - - - -

W om en

N u rses, industria l ( r e g is t e r e d )__________ 116 40 .0 67.00 10 3 8 30 28 6 9 2 20 . _ _ _ _ . _ . _ .M an u factu rin g___________________________ 104 *- o 67.50" 9 6 30 U 4 7 2 20

1 H ours r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r which em ployees re ce iv e their regu lar stra igh t-tim e sa la r ies and the earnings co rre sp o n d to these w eekly hours.

O ccupational Wage Survey, P rov id en ce , R . I . , M arch 1956U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

Bureau of Labor StatisticsDigitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

8(A verage hourly earnings 1 fo r m en in se lected occupations studied on an area basis in P rov id en ce , R . I , by industry d iv ision , M arch 1956)

Table A-3: Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations

Occupation and industry d iv ision

C arpenters, m a in ten a n ce -------M anufacturing ---------------------N onm anufacturing---------------

E lectr ic ia n s , m a in te n a n ce ----M an u factu rin g---------------------N onm anufacturing---------------

Engineers, stationary M anufacturing ------------

F irem en , stationary b o ile r -----M an u factu rin g ------------------------

H elpers, trades, m a in te n a n ce ---------------------------M an u factu rin g--------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing --------------------------------------------

Public u tilities * ----------------------------------------

M ach ine-tool o p e ra to rs , to o lfoom Manufacturing -----------------------------

M achinists, m aintenance ------------------------------------M anufacturing -------------------------------------------------

M echanics, autom otive (m aintenance)---------------N onm anufacturing--------------------------------------------

Public u tilities * -----------------------------------------

M echanics, m a in ten a n ce -------M anufacturing ------------------

M illwrights -----------------------------M an u factu rin g--------------------

O ilers ---------------------------------------------------------------------M anufacturing -------- -----------------------------------------

P ainters, m aintenance ----------------------------------------M anufacturing --------------------------------------------------

P ipefitters , m a in ten an ce-------------------------------------M anufacturing --------------------------------------------------

Sheet-m etal w ork ers , m a in te n a n ce -------------------M anufacturing --------------------------------------------------

T ool and die m a k e r s ---------------------------------------------

NUMBER OF W0RKER8 RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF

Number Average $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ofworkers

hourlyearnings 1 .0 0a n d

u n d e r

1 . 10 1 .2 0 1 . 3 0 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 1 . 70 1 . 80 1 .9 0 2 . 0 0 2 . 10 2 . 2 0 2 . 3 0 2 . 4 0 2 . 50 2 . 6 0 2 . 70 2 . 80 2 . 9 0 3 . 0 0 3 . 10 a n d

1. 10 1 .2 0 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 1. 70 1 .8 0 1 ; 9 0 2 . 0 0 2 . 1 0 2 . 2 0 2 . 3 0 2 . 4 0 2 . 50 2 . 6 0 2 . 7 0 2 . 80 2 . 9 0 3 . 0 0 3 . 10 o v e r

2 4 6$1 .9 8 5 3 11 2 7 4 3 36 17 19 2 4 12 12 2 3 12 2

2 1 0 1 .9 7 - - - 5 - 7 22 37 " 5 4 ~ 15 19 ' 2 4 11 - 10 ZO --------4 1 _ _ _ .3 6 2 . 0 1 - - - - 3 4 5 6 2 2 - 1 - 2 i 8 - - - - -

2 73 1 .9 5 _ _ _ 13 32 59 2 6 45 16 2 6 3 4 8 _ 8 2 2 _ 2 2 T 7 1 . 9 4 - - - - - 13 12 59 2 5 43 16 23 2 4 2 - - 6 2 2 _ _ _

4 6 2 . 0 0 - - - 2 0 - 1 2 - 3 10 6 - - 2 - - - - 2

2 6 4 2 . 0 9 _ _ 8 _ 19 11 32 9 16 13 14 59 4 0 _ 41 1 _ _ _ _ 11 19 1 . 9 4 - - " 1 ~ 19 10" 31 2 '12 4 14 26 - - - -

4 4 0 1 .6 5 _ _ 3 8 1 1 4 131 89 5 11 10 14 4 9 6 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _37 1 1 .5 7 H - - 3 8 1 1 4 1 2 8 59 " 11 8 l f r ~ - - - - - - -

3 5 3 1 . 5 6 _ 3 19 2 8 99 6 4 6 7 18 4 8 7 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _3 2 3 1 . 5 4 - 3 19 2 8 9 8 62 62 15 2T9' 7 - - - - - - - - - - - -

30 1 . 77 - - - - 1 2 5 3 19 - - - - - - - - - - - - _2 5 1 .8 1 - - - - 4 2 19 - - - - - - - - - - -

2 3 9 1 .9 7 _ _ _ _ 7 13 43 114 30 4 21 1 3 2 _ _ _ 1 _ _ 2 5 9 1 . 9 7 - * - - - 7 13 4 5 i 14 30 4 2 1 rI 3 2 - - - 1 - -

6 0 3 2 . 0 0 _ _ _ _ 13 99 76 4 8 75 56 52 9 3 19 2 8 2 6 1 7 _ 1 _ _ _

59 1 2 . 00 - - - - - 13 99 70 4 6 73 55 52 9 3 15 2 6 2 6 17 - 1 - - -

1 73 2 .0 1 _ _ _ _ _ 8 11 51 38 11 32 3 _ _ _ 16 3 _ _

1 59 2 . 0 3 - - - - - - 6 5 4 8 37 11 31 2 - - - 16 3 - - - -1 2 3 1 . 9 7 - - - - - - - 3 39 37 11 31 2 - - - - - - - - -

3 4 0 1. 79 _ _ _ 15 32 71 1 0 3 4 7 11 4 0 16 1 _ _ 2 2 _ _ _ . 3 2 5 ------- 1 . 78 - - - - 12 30 70 1 00 4 7 11 38 16 * * 1 , - ~ - - -

1 02 1 .8 6 _ _ _ 1 2 _ 2 2 41 2 7 _ 9 > _ _ _ _ _ . _ _~ ~ m 1 .6 6 - - - 1 2 * 2 2 4 l 2 7 " 9 " " "

2 4 4 1 .4 8 12 3 0 16 2 5 6 0 4 0 2 7 2 1 9 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Z 4 Z -------- 1 7 4 5 12 375 16 2 5 60 4 0 2 7 2 8 2 2 " * - -

83 1 .8 8 _ _ _ 2 10 16 21 2 5 9 _ _ _ 18 - - - _ - _ - m 1 .9 2 - - - - 2 2 10 18 "2 4 9 1 4 " " " *

1 3 8 1 .9 6 _ _ _ _ 5 8 41 2 9 6 14 22 . . 2 - 2 1 _ - 8 .i z l 1 7 9 5 - - - - - 5 8 41 2 9 5 2 2 " 2 1 " 8 "

2 8 2 . 09 _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 5 _ 1 1 3 5 _ . 2 _ 4 _ _ -2 7 2 . 0 9 - - - - - -

------? ------ ----- - 1 - 3 5 4 ~

5 1 3 2 . 3 1 _ _ _ _ . 56 132 50 38 2 3 73 4 3 58 12 5 8 2 13 515------ 2 .3 1 56 132 50 3 8 2 3 73 4 3 5 8 12 5 8 2 13

1 E xcludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, holidays, and late sh ifts. O ccupational W age Survey, P rov id en ce , R. I. , M arch 1956* Transportation (excluding ra ilroa d s ), com m u nication , and other public u tilit ies . U .S . D EPARTM EN T OF LABOR

Bureau o f L abor Statistics


9(A verage hourly earnings 1 fo r se lected occupations 2 studied on an area b a sis in P rov id en ce , R . I. , by industry d iv ision , M arch 1956)

Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations

O ccupation and industry d iv isionNumber

ofworkersAveragehourlyearnings

NUMBER OF WORKEBS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF$

0. 80 and

under . 90

$0. 90

1. 00

$1 .00

1. 10

$1. 10

1.7 0

$1 .20

1.30

$1.30

1 .40

$1 .40

1.50

$1. 50

1 .60

$1 .60

1 .70

$1 .70

1. 80

$1. 80

1 .90

$1. 90

2 .00

$2. 00

2. 10

$2. 10

2. 7.0

$2. 20

2. 30

$2 .30

2 .40

$2 .40

7. 10

$2. 50

2. 60

E levator o p era tors , p a ssen ger (m e n )__________ 62$1. 30 4 26 3 8 1 20

N onmanufac tur ing _ _ 30 1. 08 4 i9 6 " 1 - - - - - -

E levator op era tors , passen ger (wom en) 83 1. 02 3 13 39 5 2 24 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. _Nonmanuf ac t ur ing 80 1.01 13 i 39 5 1 22 - - - - - * - -

fluards ------------- ---- 155 1 .44 _ _ 2 6 10 65 7 30 22 12 1 _ _ _ . .M anufacturing _ 14 r 1 .45 " * 2 6 10 53 7 30 22 12 1 * - - - - - -

Jan itors, p o r te rs , and c lea n ers (men) 1,170 1.31 9 9 171 252 204 170 126 63 84 16 19 45 2 _ _ _M anufacturing __ _ _ ST5~ 1. 33 - - 104 111 121 146 119 48 49 1 12 42 - - - - - -N on m an u factu rin g_____________________________ 351 1. 26 9 9 67 75 83 24 7 15 35 15 7 3 2 - - - - -

Pu blic u tilities * _ 66 1.54 - - - 7 13 3 1 2 25 10 4 1 - - - - _ _R etail trade ___,___ 149 1. 13 7 9 46 52 17 7 2 7 2 ~ - - - - -

Jan itors, p o r te r s , andicleaners (w o m e n )______ 272 1 .08 *14; 15 140 60 21 5 6 1 10 _ _ _ _ _M anufacturing . . . . . 96 1. 20 - - 33 23 21 5 5 1 10 - - - - - - - - -N onm anufacturing . . . . . . . . 174 1. 01 14 15 107 37 1 - - - - - -

L a b o re rs , m ateria l handling . . _ _ 2, 214 1. 50 . 30 86 74 216 388 468 296 162 166 240 40 _ _ _ 3 45M anufacturing . . . . . . . . . . 1, 556 1 .43 - - 69 60 194 324 452 235 132 44 5 4o - - - _ _ _N onm anufacturing . . . . . . 659 1. 68 - 30 17 14 22 64 16 61 30 122 235 - - - - - 3 45

P u blic utilities * _ _ _ _ 152 1. 74 - - . - - - - - - 122 30 - _ _ - _ _R eta il trade . __ . . . . 169 1 .42 - 30 17 11 3 3 10 38 20 - 37 - - - - - - -

O rder f il le r s . . . . _ _ 593 1.45 _ _ 22 73 32 50 241 64 11 45 54 1 _ _ _ _M anufacturing 1.42 - - 19 64 32 -----58----- 162 52 8 45 2 1 - - - - - -N onm anufacturing ._ _ __ _ 170 1. 54 " 3 9 12 79 12 3 * 52 - " - "

P a ck e rs , shipping (men) . . _______ 619 1.34 _ 21 149 51 41 107 92 67 3 15 56 12 _ 1 _ 2 2 _M a n u factu rin g_____________________ ___________ 529 1.37 - - 131 45 33 70 92 67 3 15 56 12 - 1 - 2 2 -N onm anufacturing . . . . _____ 90 1. 16 " 21 18 6 8 37 " * " "

P a rk er* , shipping (wom en) _ ................... 397 1. 13 _ _ 223 72 26 2 44 30 . _ _ _ _ _ . _ _M an u factu rin g____ . _. ._ _. _____ ------JW2 1.13 213 -----7!----- ------22 2 30 - - - - - - - - -

R ece iv in g c l e r k s _________________________________ 236 1. 53 . _ 6 18 30 8 40 34 16 41 33 6 3 1 _ _ _M anufacturing . . . ----- _ . . 158 1. 56 - - - 1 30 5 3l 16 11 35 25 - 3 - 1 - - -N on m an u factu rin g .. . _ _ 78 1.47 - - 6 17 - 3 9 18 5 6 8 6 - - - - - -

R eta il trade . . . . . . __ 49 1.43 - - 3 17 - 3 13 2 3 2 6

Shipping c l e r k s __ __ . . . . . . . . 198 1.65 _ _ _ 12 7 21 22 24 8 47 33 3 14 3 _ - _ 4M anufacturing . . . . . -----TFT 1.65 - - - 10 --------5 21 22 20 ------- g 45 ' 22 3 9 - - - - *N onm anufacturing . ___ ___ 31 1. 74 " 2 4 " " 4 2 11 5 3

Shipping and rece iv in g c le rk s _ __ _ 233 1.67 . . _ _ _ 30 23 11 37 73 35 _ 13 10 _ _ 1M anufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . 202 1. 6 '7 - - - - - 24 23 -----1---- 31 ~TB 32 - 10 10 - - - -N onm anufacturing____ __ _ ------ ------ --- 31 1. 66 6 7 6 5 3 3 1

See footn otes at end o f tab le. O ccupational Wage Survey, P rov iden ce , R. I. , M arch 1956* T ran sp ortation (excluding ra ilroa d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilities . U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

Bureau o f Labor Statistics


10

Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations - Continued

(A verage hourly earnings 1 fo r se lected occu p a tion s2 studied on an area basis in P rov id en ce , R . I . , by industry d iv ision , M arch 1956)

NUMBER OF WORKEB8 RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF

O c c u p a t io n a n d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o nNumber

ofworkers

Averagehourly

earnings$

0 . 8 0 a n d

. u n d e r . 9 0

$0 . 9 0

1 .0 0

$1 .0 0

1 .1 0

$1 . 10

1 .2 0

$1 .2 0

1 .3 0

$1 .3 0

1 .4 0

$1 .4 0

1 .5 0

$1 .5 0

1 .6 0

$1 .6 0

1 .7 0

$1 .7 0

1 .8 0

$1 .8 0

1 .9 0

$1 .9 0

2 . 0 0

$2 . 0 0

2 . 10

$2 . 10

2 . 2 0

$2 . 2 0

2 . 3 0

$2 . 3 0

2 . 4 0

$2 . 4 0

2 . 5 0

$2 . 5 0

2 . 6 0

T r u c k d r i v e r s 5 . _ __ _ _ _ _ _ ----------- 1, 1 05$1 .8 3 7 5 8 2 1 4 1 32 7 7 57 4 5 5 1 6 5 0 19 * 2 34 7 139

M a n u fa c t u r in g _ ---------------- --------- __ ------------------- " 1 4 6 1 .5 8 - - - 4 5 3 3 4 2 0 77 5 2 19 * T 3 - - - - - -N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ___________________________________ 7 5 9 1 .9 5 - - 7 13 18 7 12 - 5 2 6 4 2 3 4 7 19 - 2 34 7 139

P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * ___________ ______________ _______ 3 6 5 1 .8 2 - - - - - - - - - - 3 5 6 2 7 - - - - -R e t a i l t r a d e __ --------- ----------------------------------- 4 7 1 .4 6

' '7 7 8

'4

'5 5 11

' ~

T r u c k d r i v e r s , l i g h t ( u n d e r l l!z t o n s ) ___ __ 1 66 1 .3 4 7 5 8 1 3 4 16 39 4 5 2M a n u fa c t u r in g _ _______________________________ 1 2 8 1 . 36 - - - 4 5 - 2 7 8 39 4 5 - - - - - - - -N o n m a n u fa c t u r i n g __ ----------------------------- 3 8 1 .2 6 7 13 1 7 8 2

' ' ' ' "

T r u c k d r i v e r s , m e d i u m ( l V a t o a n din c l u d i n g 4 t o n s ) ------- ---------------------- -------------- 2 1 3 1 .8 2 - - - - 2 0 1 4 12 13 2 8 57 4 6 12 - z o - -

M a n u fa c t u r in g _ ______ __ --------- __ ------------- ----------g O - 1 .7 4 - - - - 3 1 - 12 n r - 7 4 6 - - - - - - -N o n m a n u fa c t u r i n g 133 1 .8 7 17

"4 2 21 11 4 6 12

2 0

T r u c k d r i v e r s , h e a v y ( o v e r 4 t o n s ,t r a i l e r t y p e ) _____________ __________ ____________ 2 7 1 1 .8 0 - - - - - 3 4 16 17 8 2 2 0 3 - - - - - -

M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________________ --------- 9 1 1 7 7 1 - - - - - 3 4 16 17 3 4 5 3 - - - - - -N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------------ 1 8 0 1. 82 - - - - - - - - - 5 175 - - - - - - -

P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * __ __ _________________ _ 1 43 1. 82 1 43

T r u c k d r i v e r s , h e a v y ( o v e r 4 t o n s ,o t h e r th a n t r a i l e r t y p e ) __________________________ 1 03 1 .7 7 - - - - - 3 4 10 11 4 63 1 . 7 - - - - -

M a n u fa c t u r in g _ ------------------------------------------------ 31 1 .6 0 - - - - - 3 4 10 8 4 2 - - - - - - -N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________ ____________ 7 2 1 .8 5 - - - - - - - - 3 - 61 1

17 - - - - -

P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * --------------------------------------------- 4 5 1 .8 6 37 7

T r u c k e r s , p o w e r ( f o r k l i f t ) ------------------------------------------ 3 5 7 1 .7 0 3 2 3 5 8 71 4 8 14 4 9 2 5 4 7 16 2 1 _ .M a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________________________________ ------- 3 0 7 1 .6 7 - - - - 3 2 3 5 8 71 4 8 14 2 4 - 4 7 16 2 1 - -N o n m a n u fa c t u r i n g --------------------------------------------------- 5 0 1 .8 8 - - - - - - - - - - 25 2 5 - - - - -

P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * _________________________________ 25 1. 82"

25

T r u c k e r s , p o w e r ( o t h e r th a n f o r k l i f t ) ____________ 4 8 1 .5 5 4 16 19 2 _ 6 _ _ _ _ .M a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________________________________ 4 8 1 .5 5 4 ~ r r ~ 19 2 1

'6

W atchm en________________________________________ 5 9 4 1 .2 8 8 184 4 6 9 6 123 34 3 0 32 2 8 4 9 _ _ _ _ _ _M anufacturing__________________________ _______ 5 1 3 " n r - - 1 78 4 3 85 ~ m 33 30 5 25 - - - - - . - - -Nonmanufacturing ___________________________ 81 1 .5 0 8 6 3 11 9 1 2 7 3 4 9

1 Excludes prem iu m pay fo r overtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, h olid ays, and late sh ifts.2 Data lim ited to m en w ork ers except w here otherw ise indicated .3 Includes 4 w ork ers at $ 0. 70 to $ 0. 80.4 Includes 7 w ork ers at $0. 70 to $0. 80.5 Includes all d r iv e rs reg a rd less o f s ize and type o f truck operated .* Transportation (excluding ra ilroa d s), com m unication , and other public u tilities .


11

B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions

Table B-l: Shift Differential P ro v is io n s1

Shift d ifferential

Total

With shift pay differential

Uniform cents (per hour)

4 c e n ts --------------------------5 c e n ts --------------------------6 c e n ts --------------------------7 cents -------------------------7Vz cents ---------------------8 cents -------------------- -8Vz c e n ts ----------------------9 cents -------------------------10 cents -----------------------12 cents ------------------------13 cents -----------------------15 cents -----------------------

U niform percentage

5 percent 7 percent 10 percent 15 percent 20 percent

Other

No shift pay d iffe r e n t ia l-----------------

P ercen t o f m anufacturing plant w ork ers

(a)In establishm ents having fo rm a l prov is ion s fo r

1I (b)A ctually w orking on

Second shift i w ork

Third or other shift w ork Second shift

Third o r other shift

76. 1 61 .5 12. 1 5.3

60 .2 61 .5 9 .7 5.3

4 2 .4 41. 1 7. 8 4 .3

9 .1 .9 2. 712 .5 5 .6 2 .2 .3

3. 7 - . 5 -4 .4 10.7 .3 1 .82 .7 1 .0 .6 -2. 1 1.9 . 5 .31.0 1 .0 - -

_ . 7 _ -6. 1 16.3 .8 1 .6

.9 .9 .2 . 1_ 1.2 - .2- 1 .0 "

13.3 17 .4 1. 1 1 .0

2 .5 3 .2 .3 .22 .8 2 .8 . 1 -8 .0 7.1 .6 .8

_ 1.3 - -- 3 .0 -

4 .5 3 .0 .8

15.9 2 .4

1 Shift d ifferential data are presented in term s of (a) establishm ent p o licy , and (b) w ork ers actually em ployed on late shifts at the tim e of the survey. An establishm ent was con sidered as having a p o licy if it m et either o f the follow ing con d ition s: (1) Operated late shifts at the tim e of the survey , o r (2) had form a l prov is ion s coverin g late sh ifts.

O ccupational Wage Survey, P rov id en ce , R. I. , M arch 1956 U .S . DEPARTM EN T OF LABOR

Bureau of Labor Statistics


12

Table B-2: Minimum Entrance Rales for Women Office Workers1

M inim um rate (w eek ly sa la ry )

N um ber o f estab lish m en ts w ith s p e c ifie d m in im um h ir in g rate in N um ber o f esta b lish m en ts w ith s p e c if ie d m in im um h ir in g rate in

A llin d u stries

M anufacturin g N onm anufacturing M anufacturing N onm anufacturing

B a sed on standard w eek ly hours 1 2 o f A ll B a sed on standard w eek ly h ou rs 2 o f

A llsch ed u les 40

A llsch ed u les

U nder38 383/4 40

in du striesA ll

sch edu les 40A ll

sch ed u lesU nder

38 38 % 40

E stab lishm ents studied ------ - ------- 128 70 XXX 58 XXX XXX XXX 128 70 XXX 58 X X X X X X X X X

F O R IN E X P E R IE N C E D T Y PIST S FO R O TH ER IN E X P E R IE N C E D C L E R IC A L W ORKERS

E stab lishm ents having asp e c ifie d m in im um ------- ---------- 73 43 35 30 12 4 12 83 43 35 40 12 4 21

$ 3 0 .0 0 and under $32 . 50 ------------ 3 3 1 2 8 8 1 6$32 . 50 and under $ 3 5 .0 0 --------- - - - - - - 1 - - 1 - - 1$ 3 5 .0 0 and under $ 3 7 .5 0 ------------ 2 1 - 1 1 - - 4 1 - 3 3 - -$37 . 50 and under $ 4 0 .0 0 6 1 , 5 4 1 _ 4 1 - 3 1 1 1$40 . 00 and under $42 . 50 ------------ 53 37 32 16 5 l 8 60 39 34 2 1 7 1 11$ 4 2 .5 0 and under $ 4 5 .0 0 ------------ 6 3 2 3 2 * 1 3 1 - 2 1 - 1$45 . 00 and under $47 . 50 ------- _ _ - - _ - - - - - - - -$ 4 7 .5 0 and under $ 5 0 .0 0 ------ - 1 - _ 1 . 1 - 2 1 1 1 - 1 -$50 . 00 and under $ 5 2 . 50 ------------ 1 1 1 . - - - - - - - -$ 5 2 ,5 0 and under $ 5 5 .0 0 ------------ - _ . _ - - . - - - - - - -$ 5 5 .0 0 and o v e r ---------------------------- 1 ** * 1 1 1 '

1' '

1

E stab lish m en ts having nos p e c ifie d m in im um ------------ ------- 30 21 X X X 9 X X X X X X X X X 35 23 X X X 12 X X X X X X X X X

E stab lish m en ts w hich did notem ploy w o rk e rs in thisc a t e g o r y ----- *------------------ -------------------- 24 6 X X X 18 X X X X X X X X X 9 4 X X X 5 X X X X X X X X X

Data not a v a i l a b l e ------------- ------- --------- 1 - X X X 1 X X X X X X X X X 1 - X X X 1 X X X X X X X X X

1 Lowest salary rate formally established for hiring inexperienced workers for typing or other clerical jobs.2 Hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries. Data are presented for all workweeks combined, and for the most common workweeks reported.

O ccu p ation a l W age S u rvey , P r o v id e n c e , R . I . , M a rch 1956U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R

B u reau o f L a b or S ta tis tics


13

Table B-3: Scheduled W eekly Hours

W eek ly hou rs

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS1 EMPLOYED IN PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN

All _ industries Manufacturing

Public utilities * Retail trade Finance

AUindustries 3 Manufacturing

Public utilities * Retail trade

A ll w o rk e rs ------------------------------------------------------------ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

U nder 35 h o u r s -------------------------------------------------------- 3 _ _ _ _ _ _35 h ou rs --------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 t t - t t - -36V4 h ou rs --------------------------------------------------------------- 7 5 - 5 - - - -37 h ou rs _______________________ ____________________ _ t - - - - - - -37Vs h ou rs --------------------------------------------------------------- 15 3 83 8 t t - 338 o r 3 8V2 hours ---------------------------------------------------- t t - - - - - -38 1 2 3/4 h o u r s --------------------------------------------------------------- 7 3 - 28 t - - 1039 o r 397a hou rs ---------------------------------------------------- t - 12 t - - 540 h ou rs ------------------------------------------------------------------- 60 8 7 16 39 7 8 83 8 6 2841 h ou rs ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ t - - 3 t - - 1342 h ou rs ---------------- ----------- ---------- _______-------- -------- t - - 5 t - - 26O ver 42 and under 45 h o u r s ------------------------------------------ - - - t t - 645 h ou rs ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ - - - - 8 10 - -46 h ou rs and o v e r ------------------------------------- ------------------------- " 5 4 14 9

1 Data re la te to w om en w o rk e rs on ly .2 Inclu des data for'Sw holesale tra d e ; fin a n ce , in su ran ce , and rea l esta te ; and s e r v ic e s in add ition to those in du stry d iv is ion s show n se p a ra te ly .3 Inclu des data fo r w h o le sa le tra d e , rea l esta te , and s e r v ic e s in add ition to th ose in du stry d iv is io n s show n se p a ra te ly , t L e ss than 2 . 5 p e r c e n t .* T ra n sp orta tion (exclu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , com m u n ica tion , and other p u b lic u t ilit ie s .

Table B-4: Paid Holidays1

ItemPERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN

All - industries * Manufacturing

Public utilities * Retail trade Finance

AU , industries Manufacturing

Public utUities * Retail trade

A ll w o rk e rs ------------------------------------------------------------ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

W o rk e rs in e s ta b lish m en ts p rov id in gpaid h o l id a y s ---------------------------------------------------------- 98 99 100 93 97 98 100 91

5 h o lid ays o r l e s s --------------------------------------------- t 3 - _ 7 7 _ 76 h o lid ays ----------------------------------------------------------- 8 14 t 5 25 29 4 4

F u ll days o n l y ----------------------------------------------- 6 10 t 5 23 26 4 4P lu s 1 h a lf d a y --------------------------------------------- t 4 _ 3 3 _ _

7 h o lid ays ----------------------------------------------------------- 8 15 _ _ 14 17 _ _F u ll days o n l y ---------------------------------------------- 7 14 - _ 14 17 _ _P lu s 1 h a lf day -------------------------------------------- t t - - - _ _ _

8 h o l id a y s ------------------------------------------------------------ 14 25 - 8 20 23 _ 89 h o l id a y s ------------------------------------------------------------ 31 38 7 79 27 21 25 7210 h o l i d a y s ------------------------------------------------- ------ 22 t 92 t 4 - 71 _

F u ll days o n l y --------------------------------------- :-------- 20 t 92 t 4 _ 71 _P lu s 1 h a lf day -------------------------------------------- t _ - . _ _ _

11 h o lid a ys -------------------------------------------------------- 14 t - _ - - _ _W o rk e rs in esta b lish m en ts p ro v id in g no

paid h o l i d a y s -------------------------------------------------------- t t 7 3 t - 9

1 E stim a tes r e la te to fu ll -d a y h o lid ays p rov id ed annually, as in e a r l ie r stu d ies . T h ese a re fu rth er d iv ided betw een w o rk e rs w ho r e c e iv e m e r e ly the in d ica ted num ber o f fu ll-d a y h olid ays, and th ose w ho r e c e iv e 1 o r m o r e h a lf h olid ays in add ition .

2 Inclu des data f o r w h o le sa le tra d e ; fin a n ce , in su ra n ce , and re a l esta te ; and s e r v ic e s in add ition to th ose in du stry d iv is ion s show n sep a ra te ly .3 Inclu des data f o r w h o le sa le tra d e , rea l e s ta te , and s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d iv is ion s show n sep a ra te ly .t L e ss than 2 . 5 p e r c e n t . O ccup ationa l W age S u rvey , P ro v id e n ce , R . I . , M arch 1956* T ra n sp orta tion (exc lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , com m u n ica tion , and other p u b lic u t ilit ie s . U .S . D E PA R T M E N T OF LA BO R

B u reau of L a bor S tatistics


14

Table && (bid Vacations

V a ca tion p o l ic yPERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN

AHindustries1 Manufacturing

Public utilities * Retail trade Finance AH . industries Manufacturing Public utilities * Retail trade

A ll w ork e rs -------------------------------------------------------------- 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

M ETH O D OF P A Y M E N T

W ork ers in e s ta b lish m en ts p rov id in g paidvacation s --------------------------------------------------------------- 100 100 100 100 98 98 100 95

L e n g th -o f-t im e paym ent -------------------------------- 94 89 100 100 67 61 92 91P ercen ta g e paym ent --------------------------------------- 6 11 - - 31 37 8 4

W ork ers in estab lish m en ts p rov id in g no paidvacation s --------------------------------------------------------------- - t t _ 5

AM OUN T OF V A C A TIO N P A Y

A fter 1 y ea r o f s e r v ic e

1 w e e k ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 39 3 13 76 85 18 34O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks ----------------------------------- t t - - 7 8 - -2 w eeks -------------------------------------------------------------------- 72 59 97 83 13 4 82 56O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks r----------------------------------- t - 4 t t - 43 w eeks --------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 ~ ~ "

A fte r 2 y e a rs o f s e r v ic e

1 w eek --------------------------------------------------------------------- 18 34 t 5 64 75 14 11O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s ------------------------------------ 3 6 - - 15 18 -2 w eeks -------------------------------------------------------------------- 75 60 99 91 17 4 86 80O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks ----------------------------------- - - - - t t - -3 w eeks --------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 " " 4 t 4

A fter 3 y e a rs o f s e r v ic e

1 w eek --------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 16 t 5 32 35 14 11O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s ----------------------------------- 7 13 - - 31 38 - -2 w eeks --------------------------------------------------------------------- 80 70 99 83 33 23 86 77O ver 2 and under 3 w e e k s ------------------------------------ - - - - t t - -3 w eeks ------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 12 t 8

A fter 5 y ea rs o f s e r v ic e

1 w e e k ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 7 _ _ 11 12 _ 42 w eeks -------------------------------------------------------------------- 90 91 100 68 80 80 100 64O ver 2 and under 3 w e e k s ------------------------------------ t t - - 4 5 - -3 w eeks -------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 t - 24 3 t - 24O ver 3 and under 4 w eeks -------------------- --------------- t 8 t 3

See footn otes at end of tab le . O ccu p ation a l W age S u rvey , P r o v id e n c e , R . I. , M a rch 1956* T ra n sp orta tion (exclu d in g r a ilr o a d s ) , com m u n ica tion , and other p u b lic u t ilit ie s . U .S . D E P A R T M E N T OF L A B O R

B ureau o f L a b or S ta tistics

N OTE: In the tabulations o f v a ca tion a llow a n ces by yea rs o f s e r v ic e , paym ents other than "length o f t im e ," such as p ercen ta g e o f annual earn in gs o r fla t -su m paym en ts , w ere con v erted to an equ iva lent tim e b a s is ; fo r exam p le , a paym ent o f 2 p ercen t o f annual earn ings w as co n s id e re d as 1 w e e k 's pay .Digitized for FRASER

http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

15

Table b & . Paid Vacations - Continued

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N - PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN

V a ca tion p o l ic y

A ll w o rk e rs ~

AM O U N T OF V A C A T IO N P A Y - C ontinued


1 w eek ---------------------------------2 w e e k s ---------------------------------O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s3 w e e k s ---------------------------------4 w eek s and o v e r


1 w e e k ----------------------------------------2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s 3 w eeks --------------------------------------O ver 3 and under 4 w e e k s ------4 w eek s and o v e r --------------------


1 w eek --------------------------------2 w eeks --------------------------------O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s3 w eeks --------------------------------O ver 3 and under 4 w eek s4 w eek s and o v e r --------------


1 w e e k -----------------------------------2 w e e k s ---------------------------------O ver 2 and under 3 w eek s3 w eeks --------------------------------O ver 3 and under 4 w eeks 4 w eeks and o v e r ---------------

Allindustries 1 Manufacturing

Public utilities * * Retail trade Finance

AU 2 industries Manufacturing

Public utilities $ Retail trade

100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

3 7 11 12 472 87 58 67 74 77 55 61t t - - 5 6 _

22 6 42 6 6 4 45 9t 27 t 21

3 7 11 12 439 50 5 61 44 47 _ 41t 3 - - 4 5 -

54 40 95 12 36 33 100 29- - - - t t _t 27 t 21

3 7 11 12 436 44 5 60 41 44 - 39t t - - 3 4 -52 48 95 12 40 38 100 29- - - - t t -8 28 t 23

3 7 11 12 434 41 5 60 39 42 _ 39t t - - 3 4 .53 52 95 11 41 39 100 27- - - - t t - -9 29 3 26

1 Includes data fo r w h o lesa le trad e ; fin a n ce , in su ra n ce , and rea l esta te ; and s e r v ic e s in add ition to th ose in d u stry d iv is io n s show n se p a ra te ly .Includes data fo r w h o le sa le tra d e , r e a l esta te , and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in du stry d iv is ion s show n se p a ra te ly ,

t L e s s than 2 . 5 p e r ce n t .* T r a n s p o r t a t i o n (e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , an d o th e r p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s .


16

Table B-6: Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN

T ype o f plan AO .industries Manufacturing

Public _ utilities * Retail trade Finance

All 2 industries Manufacturing

Public utilities * Retail trade

A ll w o rk ers 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

W ork ers in esta b lish m en ts p rov id in g :

L ife in su ra n ce _A ccid en ta l death and d ism em b erm en t

81 83 96 83 81 82 100 73

in su ran ce _ _______ ___ __ __ __S ick n ess and a cc id en t in su ra n ce

38 57 25 13 54 58 46 23

o r s ick lea ve o r b o th 3 __ 51 39 80 80 35 29 88 67S ick n ess and a cc id en t in s u r a n c e ________ 24 27 4 25 6 26 26 46 18S ick lea ve (fu ll pay and no

w aiting p e r io d ) __ ________ ___ 33 21 57 76 9 4 . 49Sick lea ve (p a rtia l pay o r

w aiting p e r io d ) _ t . t - 3 t 42 -H osp ita liza tion in su ran ce __ _______ 92 98 44 80 92 95 58 84S u rg ica l in su ra n ce _ 82 87 41 76 80 83 47 73M ed ica l in su ran ce __ __ _ 41 50 t 18 44 49 14 15C atastroph e in su ran ce 3 t - t t - -R etirem en t p en sion ______ ___ _____ __No health , in su ra n ce , o r pen sion

56 39 95 15 31 28 86 24

p la n _________ __ __ _____ __ ________ t t t 7 t t 8

1 Inclu des data fo r w h olesa le trade; fin a n ce , in su ra n ce , and re a l e sta te ; and s e r v ic e s in addition to those in du stry d iv ision s shown sep a ra te ly .2 Inclu des data fo r w h olesa le tra d e , r e a l e s ta te , and s e r v ic e s in addition to th ose in du stry d iv is ion s show n sep a ra te ly .3 U nduplicated total o f w o rk e rs r e ce iv in g s ick lea v e o r s ick n e ss and a cc id en t in su ra n ce shown sep a ra te ly b e lo w .4 The D e ce m b e r 1952 p ercen ta g e (BUS B u ll. N o. 1116-10) shou ld rea d 3 6 in stead o f 74. t L e s s than 2 .5 p e rce n t .* T ra n sp orta tion (exclu d in g r a ilr o a d s ) , com m u n ica tion , and o th er pub lic u t ilit ie s .

O ccu p ation a l W age S u rv ey , P r o v id e n c e , R . I . , ' M a rch 1956 U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R

B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta t is tics


17

Appendix*. Job Descriptions

The p rim a ry purpose o f preparing job d escrip tion s fo r the B ureau s wage surveys is to a s s is t its fie ld staff in class ify in g into appropriate occupations w ork ers who are em ployed under a va riety o f p ayro ll titles and d ifferent w ork arrangem ents from establishm ent to establishm ent and from area to area . This is essentia l in ord er to perm it the grouping o f occupational wage ra tes representing com parable job content. B ecause of this em phasis on interestablishm ent and in terarea com parab ility of occupational content, the B ureau 's job d escrip tion s m ay d iffer s ig n ificantly from those in use in individual establishm ents o r those prepared fo r other p u rp oses . In applying these job descrip tion s, the B ureau 's fie ld represen tatives a re instructed to exclude w ork ing su p e rv iso rs , apprentices, le a rn e rs , beg in n ers, tra in ees , handicapped w ork ers , p a rt-t im e , tem p ora ry , and probationary w o rk e rs .

Of f i c e

BOOKKEEPING-M ACHINE O PE RA TO R - ContinuedB IL L E R , MACHINE

P re p a re s statem ents, b il ls , and invoices on a m achine other than an ord in ary o r e le ctrom a tic typew riter. May a lso keep re co rd s as to b illings or shipping ch arges or p erform other c le r ic a l w ork in cidenta l to b illing op era tion s . F or wage study p u rp oses , b il le r s , m ach in e , a re c la ss ifie d by type o f m achine, as fo llow s:

B ille r , m ach ine (billing m ach in e) - Uses a sp ec ia l b illing m ach ine (M oon H opkins, E lliott F ish er , B urroughs, etc . , which a re com bination typing and adding m ach ines) to p rep are b ills and in v o ices from c u s to m e rs ' purchase o rd e rs , in ternally prepared o r d e r s , shipping m em oranda, etc . Usually involves application o f p red eterm in ed discounts and shipping charges and entry of n e ce ssa ry exten sion s, which m ay o r m ay not be com puted on the b illing m ach in e , and totals which are autom atically accum ulated by m ach in e . The operation usually involves a la rge num ber o f ca rb on cop ies o f the b ill being prepared and is often done on a fan fold m ach in e .

B ille r , m ach ine (bookkeeping m ach ine) - Uses a bookkeeping m achine (Sundstrand, E llio tt F ish er , Rem ington Rand, e t c . , which m ay o r m ay not have typew riter keyboard) to p rep a re cu s to m e rs ' b ills as part o f the accounts rece iva b le operation . G enerally involves the sim ultaneous entry of figures on cu s to m e rs ' ledger r e co rd . The m achine autom atically accum ulates figu res on a num ber o f v e r t ica l colum ns and com putes and usually prints autom a tica lly the debit o r cred it ba lances. D oes not involve a know ledge o f bookkeeping. W orks from uniform and standard types o f sa les and c re d it s lip s .

BOOKKEEPIN G-M ACHINE O PE RA TO R

O perates a bookkeeping m achine (Rem ington Rand, E lliott F ish e r , Sundstrand, B urrou gh s, National Cash R eg ister , with o r w ithout a typew riter keyboard ) to keep a re co rd o f business tran sactions .

C lass A - Keeps a set o f re co rd s requ iring a knowledge of and experien ce in basic bookkeeping p rin cip les and fam iliarity with the structure o f the particu lar accounting system used. D eterm ines p rop er re co rd s and d istribution o f debit and cred it item s to be used in each phase o f the w ork . M ay p repare consolidated re p o r ts , balance sh eets, and other re co rd s by hand.

C lass B - Keeps a re co rd o f one or m ore phases or sections o f a set o f re co rd s usually requ iring little knowledge o f basic b ook keeping. P hases or section s include accounts payable, p ayro ll, c u s to m e rs 1 accounts (not including a sim ple type o f b illing d escribed under b il le r , m ach ine), co s t d istribution , expense distribution , in ven tory con tro l, e tc . M ay ch eck o r a ss is t in preparation of tria l balances and p rep a re con tro l sheets fo r the accounting departm ent.

CLE RK , ACCOUNTINGC lass A - Under general d irection o f a bookkeeper or account

ant, T [as~responsib iiity fo r keeping one or m ore sections of a c o m plete set o f books or re co rd s relating to one phase o f an estab lish m en t's bu siness tran saction s . W ork in volves posting and balancing su bsid iary led ger o r led gers such as accounts rece ivab le or ac-* counts payable; exam ining and coding in vo ices or vouchers with p rop er accounting d istribution ; requ ires judgm ent and experience in m aking p rop er assignations and a lloca tion s . May a ss ist in p rep arin g , adjusting, and c los in g journal en tries; m ay d irect class B accounting c le r k s .

C lass B - Under su perv ision , p erform s one or m ore routine accounting operations such as posting sim ple journal vou chers, accounts payable vou ch ers , entering vou chers in voucher reg is te rs ; re con cilin g bank accou nts; posting su bsid iary ledgers con trolled by general le d g e rs . This job does not requ ire a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping p rin cip les but is found in o ffices in w hich the m o re routine accounting w ork is subdivided on a fu n ctional basis am ong sev era l w o rk e rs .


18

CLERK, FILE

C lass A - R esponsib le fo r m aintaining an established filing system . C la ss ifies and indexes corresp on d en ce or other m ateria l; m ay a lso file this m a ter ia l. M ay keep re co rd s of various types in con junction with file s or su p erv ise others in filin g and locating m ateria l in the f i le s . May p e r fo rm incidental c le r ic a l duties.

C lass B - P e r fo rm s routine filin g , usually o f m a teria l that has a lready been c la s s ifie d , or loca tes or a ss is ts in locating m a teria l in the f i le s . M ay p er fo rm incidental c le r ic a l duties.

CLERK, ORDER

R ece ives cu s to m e rs 1 ord ers fo r m a teria l or m erchandise by m ail, phone, or p erson a lly . Duties involve any com bination o f the fo llow in g : Quoting p r ice s to cu stom ers ; m aking out an ord er sheetlisting the item s to m ake up the o rd er ; checking p r ice s and quantities o f item s on ord er sheet; distributing ord er sheets to resp ectiv e d e partm ents to be filled . M ay ch eck with cred it departm ent to d e te r m ine cred it rating of cu stom er, acknow ledge re ce ip t o f o rd ers from cu stom ers , fo llow up o rd ers to see that they have been filled , keep file o f ord ers re ce iv ed , and ch eck shipping in vo ices with orig ina l o r d e r s .

CLERK, PA Y R O L L

Com putes wages o f com pany em ployees and enters the n e c e s sary data on the p a yro ll sh eets . Duties involve: C alculating w o r k e r s earnings based on tim e or production re co rd s ; posting calcu lated data on payro ll sheet, showing in form ation such as w o rk e r s nam e, w orking days, tim e, rate, deductions fo r insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and a ss is t paym aster in m aking up and d is tributing pay en velopes. M ay use a calcu lating m ach ine.

C OM PTO M ETER O PERATOR

P rim a ry duty is to operate a C om ptom eter to p erform m athem atica l com putations. This job is not to be con fused with that of sta tistica l or other type o f c le rk , which m ay involve frequent use of a C om ptom eter but, in w hich, use o f this m achine is incidental to perform an ce o f other duties.

DUPLICATING-M ACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR D ITTO )

Under general su perv ision and with no su p erv iso ry resp on s ib ilit ie s , reprodu ces m ultip le cop ies o f typew ritten or handwritten m atter, using a m im eograph or ditto m ach ine. M akes n e ce ssa ry a d justm ent such as fo r ink and paper feed counter and cy lin der speed. Is not requ ired to p repare sten cil or ditto m a ster . M ay keep file of used sten cils o r ditto m a ste rs . M ay so rt, co lla te , and staple c o m pleted m a teria l.


KEY-PUNCH OPERATOR

Under general su perv ision and with no su p erv iso ry re s p o n s ib ilit ie s , re cord s accounting and s ta tistica l data on tabulating cards by punching a se r ie s of holes in the card s in a sp ec ified sequence, using an alphabetical or a n u m erica l key-punch m ach ine, fo llow in g w ritten in form ation on r e c o r d s . M ay duplicate cards by using the duplicating device attached to m ach in e . K eeps file s of punch ca rd s . M ay v e r ify own w ork or w ork of o th ers .

OFFICE BOY OR GIRLP erform s various routine duties such as running erran ds,

operating m inor o ffice m achines such as se a le rs or m a ile r s , opening and distributing m ail, and other m in or c le r ic a l w ork .

SECRETARYP erform s secre ta r ia l and c le r ic a l duties fo r a su p erior in an

adm inistrative or executive p osition . Duties include m aking appointments fo r su perior; rece iv in g peop le com in g into o ff ic e ; answ ering and m aking phone ca lls ; handling p erson a l and im portant or c o n fidential m ail, and writing routine co rresp on d en ce on own in itiative; taking dictation (where tran scrib in g m achine is not used) either in shorthand or by stenotype or s im ila r m ach in e , and tra n scrib in g d ic ta tion or the record ed in form ation reprodu ced on a tra n scrib in g m ach ine. M ay prepare specia l reports or m em oranda fo r in form ation of su p erio r .

STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL

P rim ary duty is to take dictation from one or m o re p e rso n s , either in shorthand or by stenotype or s im ila r .m achine, involving a n orm al routine vocabu lary , and to tra n scr ib e this d ictation on a typ ew rite r . M ay a lso type from w ritten cop y . M ay a lso set up and keep file s in o rd er , keep sim ple r e c o r d s , e tc . D oes not include tra n scr ib in g -m ach in e w ork (see tra n scr ib in g -m a ch in e op era tor ).

STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL

P rim a ry duty is to take dictation from one or m o re p e rso n s , either in shorthand or by stenotype or s im ila r m ach ine, involving a varied techn ical or sp ecia lized vocabu lary such as in lega l b r ie fs or rep orts on scien tific re sea rch and to tra n scr ib e this d ictation on a typew riter. May a lso type from w ritten cop y . M ay a lso set up and keep file s in o rd er , keep sim ple r e c o r d s , e tc . D oes not include tran scrib in g -m ach in e w ork .

SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR

Operates a s in g le - o r m u ltip le -p os ition telephone sw itchboard . Duties involve handling incom ing, outgoing, and intraplant or o ff ice c a lls . M ay re co rd toll ca lls and take m e s s a g e s . M ay give in fo r m ation to persons who ca ll in, o r o cca s io n a lly take telephone o r d e r s . F or w ork ers who a lso act as re cep tion ists see sw itchboard o p e ra to r - recep tion ist.


SW ITCHBOARD O PE RA TO R -RE CE PTIO N IST

In addition to p erfo rm in g duties of operator, on a single p o s i tion or m on itor -ty p e sw itch board , acts as recep tion ist and m ay a lso type or p e r fo rm routine c le r ic a l w ork as part of regu lar duties. This typing o r c le r i c a l w ork m ay take the m a jor part of this w o r k e r s tim e while at sw itch board .

TABU LATIN G-M ACH IN E OPERATOR

O perates m ach ine that autom atically analyzes and translates in form ation punched in groups o f tabulating cards and prints tra n slated data on fo rm s o r accounting re co rd s ; sets or adjusts m achine; does sim p le w irin g of plugboards accord in g to established p ra c tice o r d iagram s; p la ces card s to be tabulated in feed m agazine and starts m ach in e . M ay file ca rds a fter they are tabulated. M ay, in addition , operate au x ilia ry m ach in es.

TRANSCRIBING-M ACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL

P r im a ry duty is to tran scribe dictation involving a n orm al routine vocabu lary from tran scrib in g m achine re co rd s . M ay a lso type from w ritten cop y and do sim ple c le r ic a l w ork . W orkers tran scr ib in g d icta tion involving a varied techn ica l or specia lized , vocabu la ry such as lega l b r ie fs o r reports on scien tific re se a rch a re not

P r o f e s s i o n a l

D RAFTSM AN , JUNIOR

(A ssistant draftsm an)

D raw s to sca le units o r parts o f drawings p repared by d ra fts m an or others fo r en gineering , construction , or m anufacturing p u r p o s e s . Uses variou s types o f drafting tools as requ ired . May p r e p a re draw ings fro m sim p le plans or sk etch es, or p erform other duties under d ire ct ion o f a d raftsm an.

D RAFTSM AN , LE A D E R

Plans and d ire cts a ctiv ities of one o r m ore draftsm en in p repara tion o f w ork ing plans and detail drawings from rough o r p r e lim in a ry sketches fo r engineering, con struction , o r m anufacturing p u rp oses . D uties involve a com bination of the fo llow in g : Interpreting b lu eprin ts, sk etch es , and w ritten or verba l ord ers ; determ in ing w ork p ro ce d u re s ; assign ing duties to subordinates and inspecting their w ork; p erform in g m o re d ifficu lt p ro b le m s . M ay a ss is t subordinates during


19

TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPE RA TO R , GENERAL - Continued

included . A w ork er who takes dictation in shorthand or by stenotype o r s im ila r m achine is c la ss ifie d as a stenographer, general.

TYPIST

U ses a typew riter to m ake cop ies o f various m ateria l or to m ake out b ills a fter ca lcu lations have been m ade by another person . M ay do c le r ic a l w ork involving little sp ec ia l training, such as keeping sim ple r e c o r d s , filin g re co rd s and reports or sorting and d is tributing incom ing m ail.

C lass A - P e r fo rm s one or m ore o f the fo llow in g : Typingm a teria l in final form from v ery rough and involved draft; co p y ing from plain or co r re c te d copy in which there is a frequent and varied use o f tech n ica l and unusual w ords or from fo re ig n - language copy; com bining m ateria l from sev era l sou rces , or planning layout o f com plica ted sta tistica l tables to maintain uniform ity and balance in spacing; typing tables from rough draft in final fo rm . M ay type routine form le tte rs , varying details to suit c ircu m sta n ces .

C lass B - P e r fo rm s one o r m o re o f the follow ing: Typingfrom re la tive ly c le a r o r typed drafts; routine typing of fo rm s , insurance p o lic ie s , e t c . ; settingup sim ple standard tabulations, or copying m ore com plex tables a lready set up and spaced p rop erly .

a n d T e c h n i c a l

DRAFTSM AN , LEA D E R - Continued

em ergen cies o r as a regu lar assignm ent, o r p erform related duties o f a su p erv iso ry or adm in istrative nature.

DRAFTSM AN , SENIOR

P rep a res w orking plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches fo r engineering, con stru ction , or m anufacturing p u rp oses . Duties involve a com bination o f the fo llow in g : P rep arin g w orking p lans, detail draw ings, m aps, c r o s s -s e c t io n s , e tc ., to s ca le by use of drafting instrum ents; m aking engineering com putations such as those involved in strength of m a ter ia ls , beam s and tru sse s ; verify in g com pleted w ork , checking d im ensions, m ateria ls to be used , and quantities; w riting sp ecifica tion s ; m aking adjustm ents or changes in draw ings or sp ec ifica tion s . M ay ink in lines and letters on p en cil draw ings, p rep a re detail units o f com plete draw ings, or tra ce draw ings. W ork is frequently in a sp ec ia lized fie ld such as a rch itectu ra l, e le c t r ica l, m ech an ica l, o r structural drafting.