•Biometrics are automated methods of recognizing a person based on a physiological or behavioral characteristic. 

•Biometrics refers to the automatic identification of a person based on his/her physiological or behavioral characteristics

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•FINGERPRINTS

•HAND GEOMETRY

•HAND WRITING

•IRIS

•RETINAL

•VOICE

•FACIAL

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•The most widely used and least expensive biometric technology is fingerprint scanning

Characteristics

•A fingerprint is made of a series of ridges and furrows on the surface of the finger.

•Relatively high accuracy rate.

•Everyone is known to have unique, immutable (unchangeable) fingerprints.

•This has 1/1000 misidentification rate and is used in medium security facilities.

Characteristics

•Every hand is unique due to its length, width, and thickness.

•A scanner takes 90 measurements of the hand that are three-dimensional - all in just one second.

•The scanner then stores all this data

•The misidentification rate is 1/700 it’s used in low security buildings.

• A user writes a name or word on the screen of the PDA. Functions are provided to capture that handwriting, extract the relevant features, and compare two different samples.

• Misidentification 1/100 low security facilities.

Characteristics

• Iris recognition is technology based on individual iris patterns.

• The iris, a thin interior eyeball membrane, is comprised of extremely complex patterns.

• The patterns are unique and virtually impossible to imitate.

• Iris patterns are stable within a year of birth, and remain the same for life.

• The iris has a misidentification rate of 1/1,200,000.

• Iris recognition is used in high-security facilities Characteristics

•Based on blood vessel patterns at the back of the eye.

•Captured by an individual looking through a reticule where a low-intensity light source is shone through the pupil to illuminate the retina.

•Involves 360º circular scan, taking 400 readings.

•Generally used for high-end security applications, primarily for physical access control.

Characteristics

•Voice recognition uses a neural net (relating to)

program to recognize your voice.

•Works on the physical characteristics of one’s voice.

•The user would dictate text fluently into the computer.

•Banks are starting to use this technology, instead of dialing in a pin # you would speak and the computer would recognize your voice.

•Misidentification1/30 low security

Characteristics

• Analyzes images of the human face for the purpose of identifying them.

• This program takes a facial image, measures the characteristics such as the distance between the eyes, length of the nose, and the angle of the jaw, and create a unique file called a template.

• The technology hasn’t proved reliable.

• Misidentification 1/100, low security facilities.

Characteristics

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By the year 2004 biometrics will increase 100%.

• Biometric technologies are becoming the foundation of an extensive array of highly secure identification and personal verification solutions. •Biometrics is expected to be incorporated in solutions to provide for homeland security. This would include airport security, strengthening our borders, travel documents and preventing ID theft.

•Utilizing biometrics for personal authentification is becoming convenient and considerably more accurate than current methods (remembering pins and passwords). This is because biometrics links the event to a particular person and is convenient because there is nothing to carry around and remember. Next