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Beyond Edutainment: A New generation of game-based learning
Assistant professor, PhD Simon Egenfeldt-NielsenIT-Universitet København
CEO Serious Games Interactive
28. November 2006, CopenhagenMost of what goes under the name "edutainment" reminds me of George Bernard Shaw's response to a famous beauty who speculated on the marvelous child they could have together: "With your brains and my looks ..." He retorted, "But what if the child had my looks and your brains?"
(Papert, 1998: 88)
9 appetizers on learning games…
Games used for education since 18th century
Learning games used profesionally since 1960s
Electroicn learning games used since 1970s
Increased motivation and interest in a given subject
Create positive and active learning environments
Dynamic presentation of information
Most succesful learning game in 2006 had +4 mio. downloads
US army use around $4 mia. yearly on simulations/games
60% of all people play computer games sometimes
Agenda
1. Maturing: Quick browse through games
2. Edutainment: A buzzword gone bad
3. Serious Games: The new hype
4. Case 1: McDonalds by Molleindustria
5. Case 2: Global Conflicts-Palestine
6. Working: What’s the evidence
Quick browse through games...
Yes, there are many different genres (action, simulation, strategy, adventure, RPG)..
On different platforms (pc, consoles, mobiles)
With different complexity level: Singelplayer -> multiplayer 2D graphics -> 3D graphics Small universe -> large univers 15 minutes -> 50 hours playtime
Everybody might play games, although many still don’t and games are played very differently. Latest US survey find average gamer is 33 years...
What is edutainment…
Matematik i Måneby (Bitfrost)
Pixeline(Krea Medie )
Magnus & Myggen(Ivanoff)
Der kræves QuickTime™ og et TIFF (ukomprimeret)-komprimeringsværktøj,for at man kan se dette billede.
Der kræves QuickTime™ og et TIFF (ukomprimeret)-komprimeringsværktøj,for at man kan se dette billede.
Der kræves QuickTime™ og et TIFF (ukomprimeret)-komprimeringsværktøj,
for at man kan se dette billede.
Der kræves QuickTime™ og et TIFF (ukomprimeret)-komprimeringsværktøj,
for at man kan se dette billede.
MathBlasterI(Knowledge Adventure)
Der kræves QuickTime™ og et TIFF (ukomprimeret)-komprimeringsværktøj,
for at man kan se dette billede.
Der kræves QuickTime™ og et TIFF (ukomprimeret)-komprimeringsværktøj,
for at man kan se dette billede.
Straight shooter(Games2train)
Titles within eduation sector most wellknown
This is not about edutainment…
Little intrinsic motivation: Extrinsic motivation through rewards, rather than intrinsic motivation.
No integrated learning experience: Lacks integration of the learning experience with playing experience - learning subordinated play experience.
Drill-and-practice learning principles: Rely on drill-and-practice rather than understanding – training above learning.
No teacher presence: No demands on teachers or parents.
Simple gameplay: Built on a simple gameplay from classic titles.
Small budgets: Produced on limited budgets with limited technology.
The new hype on serious games...
In principal, any gameGames with an agenda
Educating, enlightening..Not only entertaining
EdutainmentAdvertainmentBusiness gamesMilitary gamesPolitical gamesSatirical games
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.
Same topics - different game...
Sales training Fona
1. Quiz show: The player must get all the answers right and compete with other colleagues.
2. Treasure hunt: The player must explore different web-sites and sources in competition with colleagues to answer the most questions
3. Virtual job: The player explores a virtual universe with different sources, people and methods for making the sale in competition with other colleagues.
Edutainment
Next-gen
Case 1: McDonalds
• Player part of the environment & making relevant actions
• Aimed at understanding the underlying dynamics of the corporation
• Challenging, engaging & appealing
• Have to understand elements of the corporation to win the game
Learning goal: to make people aware of the evil empire McDonalds’ methods
Inspiration can be found in strange places
The large case: Global Conflicts - Palestine
Create the world’s best computer games with
an agenda beyond entertainment
What is Global Conflicts: Palestine
Vision
Global Conflict : Feel and understand the tense atmosphere
and problems in Palestine
You as freelance journalist will draft a way
out of the conflict
The gameWhat is Global Conflicts: Palestine
Private market: People that are intellectual curious & not afraid to try new things.
Educational market: 13-19 years social studies in Western world
Target groupsWhat is Global Conflicts: Palestine
“I learned more history in one day
than the last 6 months”
Student, 16 years
Play trailerWhat is Global Conflicts: Palestine
Freelance journalist
Get the best article
Find informants
Gain their trust
Get their story
Dig out best quotes
Put together article
Highest journalist level
GameplayWhat is Global Conflicts: Palestine
You
Goal
Means
Winning
What problems did we try to solve
Perspective: Provide different perspectives on a topic Involvement: Provide involvement in a topic Engagement: Make the player feel they make a difference Realism & atmosphere: Develop realistic atmosphere Curriculum ties: Fit it in with some curriculum
What is Global Conflicts: Palestine
Setup
Sample: 51 Danish High school low-middle class students (16-20 years) after a one-week course
Traditional lecturing 4 weeks on theme
Play missions 2 students (note taking)
Group discussion 4 students (Poster w. timeline)
Plenum discussion all students
Survey
Video observation
Interviews
Test & evaluation
Empirical study
Different rooms for learning styles
Group work
Reflectiveobservation
Activeexperimentation
GC: Palestine
Lecture Abstractconcepts
Concreteexperiences
•Kolb’s cycle covered with different teaching forms in the course.
• The teacher is crucial to facilitate a full learning experience.
Empirical study
Qualitative feedback
“Global Conflicts: Palestine is a fun and different way to receive learning” (Female student, 18 years)
“You had a greater desire to learn about the topic from Global Conflicts: Palestine” (Male student, 16 years)
”You learn a lot about how Israelis and Palestinians respectively look at the conflict, because you talk to
different persons... I think it is good that the stories derive from reality, providing the stories with a realistic tone.”
(Female student, 18 years)
Empirical study
90% students find it the be an interesting course
88% Students find it to be an interesting educational material
59 % of students find they learned more
90% of students wants to try a similar course again
Students want more...Empirical study
Other support for effiency
More motivated & engaged Activity perceived as more challenging Rention is often better
Most research say you learn from games - at least the same as
other teaching methods. Below overview of studies that support
learning from games
Yes Maybe No
20 1 2
Closing
Next generation of game-based learning is in the making. Research suggest that game-based learning is very effective Team needed to build next-gen game-based learning more complex Nordic learning approach gaining ground
Contact: [email protected]
