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Outlines:-
Introduction
Working principle
Consruction
Types of Transformer
Transformer Auxillaries
Poly phase transformer images
Transformer is an electical device which
transfers electrical power from one electrical
circuit to another electrical circuit without
change of frequency.
Transformer can also step up or step down
the voltage levels.
Without transformer it is not possible to
transfer electrical power from generating
station to customer end.
It is highy efficient electrical device.
Transformer works on the Faraday’s Law of
Electro magnetic Induction same like
induction motor.
But in transformer there is mutual induction
between primary and secondary winding.
Basic construction of transformer is shown in
below fig.
Transformers are classified on basis of
1. Duty they perform
2. Construction
3. Voltage output
4. Application
5. Cooling
6. Input supply
Construction:-
Core type transformer
Shell type transformer
Berry type transformer
Voltage output:-
Step down transformer(Higher to Lower)
Step up transformer(Lower to Higher)
Auto transformer(Variable from ‘0’ to rated
value)
Basic construction of single phase
transformer is shown below that we have
studied in earlier
Duty they perform:-
Power transformer – from transmission and
distribution
Current transformer- instrument
transformers
Potential transformer- instrument
transformers
Poly phase transformer is generally used for
transfer bulk electrical power requirement.
Poly phase transformer are generally three
types:
Station Transformer
Power transformer and
Distribution transformer
Station Transformer
Staterion transformer is used to provide
electrical power to start generating station.
Power Transformer:-
Power transformer is used to transfer bulk
electrical power from generating station to
distribution end.
This transformer has maximum efficiency
compare to other transformer at full load.
It give approx. 99 % efficiency at full load.
Distribution transformer:-
Distribution transformer is used to distribute
electrical power from receive end to final
consumer.
It has law efficiency compare to other
transformer.
It has aprrox. 55 % efficiency.
Station Transformer:-
Power Transformer:-
Distribution transformer:-
There are auxillaris provided in poly phase
transformer for protection purposes as well
as for efficient performance.
Following are the auxillaries provided in poly
phase transformer:
Tank
Conservator
Breather
Bucholz Relay
Tank:-
It provide the mechanical support to themagnetic core as well as other auxillaries likebreather and conservator
Insulation oil or Di-electric oil is filled in thetank
It is made from the non- corrossive iron material
It can be vissible from outside of transformer.
Conservator (Expansion Tank):-
A small auxiliary oil tank mounted above the
transformer and connected to main tank by a
pipe.
Its function is to keep transformer tank full
of oil
Conservator
Breather:-
It is a chamber which prevents entry of moisture inside the transformer tank.
It is filled with drying agent such as calcium chloride or silica gel.
This absorbs moisture and allows dry air to enter transformer tank. It is replaced regularly.
It can be identify by changes of colour. If there is moiture in oil then silica gel becomes pink colour from Blue colour.
Breather
Bucholz Relay:-
First warning that fault is present is given by
presence of bubbles in oil.
It gives an alarm in case of minor fault and to
disconnect transformer
From the supply mains in case of severe faults.
Bucholz relay is used above 100 KVA rating
transformer
Bucholz Relay
Any Querry
?
Thank you !