Bao cao thuctap nha may giay viet tri

1

Li ni u

Qua 2 tun thc tp, vi s n lc hc tp ca mnh, bit p dng nhng

kin thc l thuyt c o to. Cng vo s hng dn ca cc thy c

v s gip ca cc cn b, k thut v cng nhn hin ang lm vic ti cng

ty Giy Vit Tr. Em nm bt c c bn v nguyn l hot ng v nguyn

tc iu khin bn t ng ca dy truyn cng ngh xeo giy bao gi cng nghip

25.000 T/nm c trng ph. c sn xut t nguyn liu s ch v l tp ti s

dng.

c thc tp trong mt cng ty vi dy truyn iu khin bn t ng.

Qun l cht lng bng h thng QCS (Quality Control System). H thng iu

khin phn phi DCS (Ditributeb Control System). iu khin m t bng h

logic PLC (Programble Logic Controller). Ti nay chng trnh thc tp ca em

kt thc. Vi kt qu thc tp bng bn bo co gm 5 chng sau:

Chng 1: Tng quan v cng ngh xeo giy 25000 tn/nm

Chng 2: Tng quan v h thng QCS - DCS

Chng 3: H thng cung cp in cng ty

Chng 4: H bin tn (INVERTER J300)

Chng 5: PLC(Programble Logic Controller)

Kt thc 2 tun thc tp, tham kho ti liu v tnh ton di s hng dn

tn tnh ca thy Nguyn Hng Quang em hon thnh bn bo co thc tp.

Vi thi gian ngn khi lng kin thc ln, kh nng cn hn ch nn bn bo

co khng trnh khi nhng khim khuyt. Rt mong c s gp ch bo ca

cc thy c gio trong b mn. Qua li ni u em xin trn trng gi li cm n

n cc thy c trong b mn, c bit l thy Nguyn Hng Quang. gip

em hon thnh t thc tp ny.

2

Lch s hnh thnh v pht trin cng ty Giy Vit Tr

C cu t chc - b my ca cng ty v n v (XN II)

I . Qu trnh hnh thnh v pht trin :

Tn doanh nghip : Cng ty Giy Vit Tr

a ch: Phng Bn Gt Thnh Ph Vit Tr

Tn giao dch ting Anh : Viet Tri Paper ComPany (ViPaCo)

Tin thn ca Cng ty Giy Vit Tr l Nh my giy Vit Tr, do Trung Quc

thit k v xy dng vo thng 12-1959. Do s pht trin ca nh my v thay i

phng php qun l cp nht vi tin trnh cng nghip ha hin i ha

t nc nm 1999, Nh my giy Vit Tr c chnh ph Nh nc Cng

ha XHCN Vit Nam cng nhn thnh Cng ty Giy Vit Tr. Tin trnh lch s

v pht trin ca Cng ty Giy Vit Tr song song ng thi vi xy dng v pht

trin khu cng nghip Vit Tr.

Nh my Giy Vit Tr c hon thnh vo ngy 19/5/1961 v chnh thc i

vo hot ng sn xut vi cng sut thit k 18.000 tn giy/nm. Sn phm

chnh l giy in, giy vit, ngoi ra cn c cc sn phm ph l giy bao gi, giy

v sinh. Ti thi im ny, nh my giy Vit Tr l mt trong nhng doanh nghip

ln, hin i v ng u c nc sn phm lm ra p ng phn ln nhu cu tiu

dng giy trong nc.

T nm 1961- 1965: L giai on nh my t sn lng giy cao nht, sn

xut t 41.000 tn giy cc loi v xut khu sang nc ngoi hn 11.000 tn.

nh du mt bc tin quan trng ca nghnh giy Vit Nam.

T nm 1966 - 1972: L giai on nh my b chin tranh nng tn ph nng

n. Mt s khu sn xut quan trng ca nh my b ph hy hon ton nh phn

xng xeo, phn xng bt. Do vy sn lng thi k ny ch t cha y 20.000

tn.

Nm 1973: Nh my dn c khi phc v nhanh chng n nh sn xut

lp t, tu sa my mc, ch sau mt thi gian ngn, nm 1974 sn xut t

4.000 tn giy cc loi.

T nm 1975- 1987: y l thi k nn kinh t nc ta gp nhiu kh khn,

b tn ph sau chin tranh. y l thi k bao cp,cng vi thit b my mc gi

ci, lc hu nn sn lng ch t bnh qun mi nm t 3.000 n 4.000 tn giy

.

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T nm 1988. ng ta pht ng cng cuc i mi, Nh nc dn xa b c

ch bao cp, chuyn sang c ch th trng di s iu tit ca Nh nc. Nhng

kt qu sn xut nh my vn tnh trng thp. Trong khong thi gian t nm

1991 n 1996 sn lng giy bnh qun mi nm cng ch mc trung bnh,

khng vt hn nhng nm trc l bao.

Khng dng li nhng kh khn , nh my p dng cc bin php

nhm nng cao sn lng v cht lng sn phm nh y mnh phong tro sng

to tit kim, ci to my mc thit b. Lin tc t nm 1997 n nay cng ty

thc hin sn xut v kinh doanh c li do s dng hiu qu vn, ci tin khoa

hc k thut, tng cht lng sn phm, gim gi thnh sn phm v iu chnh

li c cu t chc trong ton nh my nh: thu hp cc phng ban, tinh gim bin

ch cc b phn khng cn thit b my t chc c gn nh hiu qu.

Nm 1999, vi n lc v pht trin ca mnh, Nh my c Nh nc

cng nhn tr thnh Cng ty giy Vit Tr.

Vi qu trnh pht trin ca Cng ty, do nhu cu ca x hi pht trin, gp

phn vo s cng nghp ha, hin i ha t nc. Nm 2000 Cng ty c

chnh ph cho php u t xy dng mt dy truyn sn xut giy bao gi cng

nghip c trng ph vi sn lng 25.000 tn /nm. iu khin bn t ng. Gi

tr u t hn 600 t ng. Cng trnh khi cng vo thng 10-2000 v n thng

5-2002 i vo sn xut. Dy chuyn ny tch ra thnh Nh my giy s II

trc thuc Cng ty giy Vit Tr. Vi cng trnh ny cng vi Nh my giy s I

a cng xut ca Cng ty ln 30.000 tn nm 2003 v 70.000 tn 2009.

Tri qua hn 40 nm xy dng v pht trin. Cng ty giy Vit tr ng

gp mt phn cng sc ca mnh bo v, thng nht t nc v xy dng

nc ta tr thnh mt nc XHCN nh H Ch Tch v ng ta dn ng.

II. C cu t chc - b my ca cng ty v n v (XN2)

Cng ty giy Vit Tr gm c 3 x nghip thnh vin

X nghip giy s 1

X nghip giy s 2

X nghip c kh ng lc

V cc phng, ban. c th hin theo s khi sau.

4

P.t chc hnh chnh

P.ti chnh k ton

P.k hoch th tr-ng

P. vt t-

nguyn liu

XN giy s 1

XN giy s 2

XN c kh ng lc

P. k thut cng ngh

Tng kho

Phng bo v

Gim c XN giy s 2

Ph gim c XN giy s 2

Phn x-ng bt v mi

tr-ng

Phn

x-ng xeo

i Bo

d-ng

Tng gim c

Ph Tng gim c k thut

Ph Tng gim c (b thng y)

5

Chng I: Tng quan dy truyn cng ngh xeo giy bao gi cng

nghip c trng ph

I .Mc ch yu cu

p ng nhu cu ca x hi hin nay. Nhu cu giy bao gi cng nghip l

rt ln. M cng nghip giy trong nc cha p ng c. Mt th trng ln

vy m chng ta hin nay vn hon ton phi nhp khu. Do vy quyt nh ng

n v ti u l xy dng mt dy truyn sn xut giy bao gi cng nghip cao

cp p ng li nhu cu trong nc.

Yu cu ca dy truyn cng ngh l phi cho ra c sn phm giy bao gi

cao cp (giy bao gi c trng ph). Vi h thng iu khin phn phi DCS,

qun l c ton b dy truyn. Thng qua my tnh v giao din giao tip gia

ngi v my vi m hnh sau y (Hnh 1-1).

H thng qun l cht lng sn phm QCS, c kt ni vi h thng iu

khin phn phi DCS. H thng iu khin mt bng h iu khin logic PLC,

cng c kt ni iu khin di s qun l phn phi ca h thng DCS.

K2 gim st (trm vn hnh)

iu khin

Hin tr-ng (C cu chp hnh,thit b o)

Hnh 1-1: S cu trc h thng thng tin, iu khin ca dy truyn

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II . S cng ngh xeo giy bao gi cao cp (Hnh 1 - 2)

1 2

1 2

3

3

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1 . Phn xng bt

a . Kho nguyn liu

Gm 2 kho cha 2 loi nguyn liu khc nhau, c nhp t th trng vo :

Kho nguyn liu A: Cha nguyn liu l l ti s dng gi tt l l OCC (Old

Corrugated Container) dng cho hai lp v lt ca sn phm giy bao gi cng

nghip cao cp.

Kho nguyn liu B: Cha nguyn liu l bt s ch ty ra trng, gi tt l

KP (Kraft pulp) dng cho lp mt ca sn phm giy bao gi, l lp trn cng

quyt nh chnh v cht lng sn phm.

b . Thu lc

Bao gm hai my nghin thu lc nh nghin hai loi nguyn liu l OCC

v KP. c a vo t hai kho nguyn liu bng h thng hai bng ti, iu

chnh tc bng bin tn c kt ni PLC v chu s iu khin ca h thng

DCS.

My nghin thu lc OCC nh loi l OCC, nguyn l nghin l mt b dao

nghin gm cc dao tnh c gn vo thnh my v cc dao ng gn trn mm

dao quay trn. L c nh tan nh b dao nghin v lc nc do mm dao quay

to nn. Mm dao c truyn ng bng ng c Pdm= 150kW, Um= 6 kV.

My nghin thu lc KP nguyn l lm vic tng t nh my nghin thu

lc OCC nhng s dng h truyn ng bng ng c Pm=132 kW, Um=380V.

c . B phn sng lc

Khi bt i qua thy lc c a n b phn sng lc v c c.

B phn sng lc gm c cc ng lc ct nng cao, nng thp, cc sng

khe, sng l v my c c. Phn ny gm hai b sng lc khc nhau cho hai loi

bt OCC v KP.

Tc dng l li b cc loi rc thi nh nh nilon v cc cht khng phi l

Xenlul, loi b cc cht thi nng nh ct sn v cc vt nng khc. Sau c

c ti mt nng nht nh, theo tng cng ngh ri cha vo b chun b cho

cng on nghin.

d. Cng on nghin

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Nghin l to s si Xenlul ph hp vi yu cu ca xeo giy. Tu thuc

vo tng loi giy m ta s dng nhng p lc nghin v phng php nghin

khc nhau. dy truyn ny s dng hai h nghin cho hai loi bt khc nhau.

H nghin cho bt OCC: Giai on 1 bt qua h Disperser, y l bc nghin

x c ra nhit lm tan, phn hu nhng cht khng phi la xenlul, lt c

qua sng lc. My ny dng ng c truyn ng Pm=315(kW), Um=6(kV). Sau

bt c qua h nghin a gm hai cp dao nghin dng ng c truyn ng

Pm= 300 (kW), Um= 6 (kV). Sau bt c a xung b cha chun b cho

cng ngh xeo giy.

H nghin KP bt t h sng lc c a vo hai my nghin a s dng

ng c truyn ng Pm = 300 (kW), Um = 6 (kV). Sau bt tinh c a ti

b cha chun b cho cng vic tip theo.

2 . Phn xng xeo

a . B cha

Sau khi bt qua h nghin (bt tinh) c a vo ba b cha dng cho ba lp

(lp Top, lp Back, lp Filler), y ra ph liu theo yu cu cng ngh ca tng

loi giy v chun b cho cng on xeo giy.

b . Hm phun bt (hm u)

Bt t tiu chun cht lng c a ln 3 hm phun ca ba lp. B phn

hm phun rt quan trng n quyt nh 60% cht lng sn phm ( u, lin

kt...). Do vy hm phun phi c thit k lp t rt chnh xc. dy truyn

cng ngh ny s dng phun bt bng chnh lch p sut trong hm phun l kh

nn, di s iu khin ca h thng DCS.

c . B phn li

Phn li gm 3 li (li Top, Filler, Back), v 3 lp bt c kt dnh vi

nhau im cui. Li to ra s an xen cc s si tng tnh bn v mt c l,

to u, hnh hnh t giy v lm thot 30% nc trc khi sang phn p t.

Phn truyn ng ca cc li s dng bng ng c xoay chiu v in p

Um= 460 (V), iu khin tc bng bin tn.

d . B phn p t .

Gm 3 cp p (cp p Binip, cp p chnh 1, cp p chnh 2). Cp p Binip

c bit nht v c 3 qu p v giy phi i qua 2 khe p. Sau giy i qua p

chnh 1, p chnh 2. Khi giy qua phn p sang phn xy phi t c kh l

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70%. Tc dng ca b phn p t l cng bc thot nc, gn lin k ca

t giy, to y c bn cho t giy.

Truyn ng ca phn p t s dng ng c xoay chiu Um= 460 (V), iu

khin tc bng bin tn.

e . Xy trc

B phn Xy trc gm 3 t xy s dng ng c xoay chiu 3 pha in p

Um= 460 (V), Pm= (37,45,45) kW. iu chnh tc bng bin tn c kt ni

lin ng.

Tu theo yu cu cng ngh m ta t cc khc tuyn sy m bo cht

lng v kh ca t giy chun b cho phn p keo.

f . Scanner 2

Trc khi sang p keo t giy c qua mt u o kim tra cht lng gi

l Ssir Scanner 2. Phn ny c mt u o m bng tia hng ngoi, bo ch s

% m v trung tm QCS.

g . p keo

L cng on gia keo lt lp y nhng khuyt tt trn mt t giy, chun

b cho phn trng Coater. Cng on trng ny rt quan trng n quyt nh phn

ln cht lng lp trng ph sau.

h . B phn xy sau

Gm hai t xy c s dng ng c xoay chiu iu chnh bng bin tn,

vi in p Um= 460 (V). Phn xy sau ra nhit lm kh hon ton t giy, v c

hai l cui khng ra nhit m lm lnh bng nc. C tc dng cho t giy khng

b co ngt khi vo phn trng ph.

i . p quang cng

p quang cng c tc dng chnh l to dy, nhn bng b mt ca t

giy theo mu nh trc ca sn phm. p quang cng c to trung cao

bng p lc du c xy nng nhit 100C. c truyn chuyn ng

quay bng ng c xoay chiu iu chnh tc l bin tn. Kt ni ng b vi

h truyn ng.

j .Trng ph (Coater)

Gm 3 lp trng: Trng Back, filler, Top. Tc dng lm nhn bng b mt sn

phm. Lp y nhng khuyt tt ca t giy, to thm in ca mc trn b mt

sn phm. Gi li bn mu v trnh nho mc in. Ba lp trng ph c 3 t xy

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kh gm 6 hp xy. Phn truyn ng ca b phn trng ph s dng ng c

xoay chiu c s dng bin tn.

k . p quang mm

p quang mm gm mt cp p b mt l c bao bng mt lp nha c

bit, to trung cao ca cp p bng p lc du xy nhit 1000C v c

truyn ng bng ng c xoay chiu iu khin bin tn .

Tc dng p quang mm l lm nhn bng b mt sn phm mt cch hon

thin trc khi giy vo cun. To dy c nh cho sn phm theo yu cu

cng ngh.

l . Scanner 1

L thit b o kim tra cht lng sn phm do hng Honeywell cung cp gm

6 u o:

u o m.

u o nh lng t giy.

u o nh lng lp trng.

u o dy.

u o khe h, o kh giy(o bin)

m . Cun xeo

L khu cui cng ca phn xeo giy v chun b cho cng on hon thnh

t giy khi xut xng ra th trng.

L cun cng c chuyn ng bng ng c xoay chiu s dng bin tn.

c kt ni lin ng vi phn truyn ng ca xeo giy.

3 . Cng on hon thnh

a . Cun li.

L phn hon thnh t giy trc khi nhp kho (khu gia cng giy sau cun).

Ct giy thnh kh v cun li theo yu cu ca th trng.

Phn cun li s dng truyn ng chnh bng hai ng c in mt chiu.

Do tnh cht cng ngh nn b phn ny s dng bng ng c in mt chiu,

cn cc truyn ng khc nh m li, bm du bi trns dng ng c in

xoay chiu khng iu khin.

b . Ct t

L b phn gia cng giy sau cun xeo nu khng cun li. B phn ny s

ct giy thnh t theo kh vi yu cu ca khch hng. c ng gi theo tiu

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chun ca cng ty. y l khu cui cng ca sn phm cng cng on cun li

a giy nhp kho trc khi a ra th trng.

Ct t cng s dng truyn ng chnh l ng c in mt chiu iu khin

bng chnh lu cu 3 pha 6 Thyistor, cn cc truyn ng khc s dng ng c

xoay chiu khng iu khin.

c . Kho thnh phm

L khu cha thnh phm ca nh my trc khi a ra th trng. Gip cho

khu qun l, kim tra, kim ton c cht ch. y cng l ni giao dch xut

hng ca nh my .

4 . My nn kh

Tt c dy truyn sn xut giy t khu chun b bt ti phn xeo giy. S

dng cc c cu chp hnh thit b iu khin tng lc p, nng h l, m van u

bng kh nn. Do vy dy truyn sn xut ca nh my, s dng hai my nn kh

.Vi p sut 12kg/cm2 chy song song, mt my cp kh mt my chy d phng,

khi s c t ng ng ti. Trnh giai on ngng cp kh t ngt m bo cho

dy truyn sn xut lin tc. Kh nn c cp bng hai ng, mt ng cng

ngh ch c lc sch s dng cho v sinh v to p lc thng u, ng kh

iu khin c lc sch v sy kh bng hai thp xy. Kh c cung cp cho

cc thit b nng h l, m ng van.

Truyn ng ca my nn kh s dng 2 ng c xoay chiu cng sut

Pm=150(kW), Um= 6(kV). iu khin bng h lgic PLC loi: Micrologix-000

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CHNG II: Tng quan v h thng QCS, DCS.

H thng qun l cht lng sn phm QCS(Quality Control System)

I - Cu to phn cng ca QCS

1 . Gii thiu.

H thng ny bao gm hai my scanner. Mt my cho phn p gia keo gi l scanner 2. Mt my cho phn cun gi l scanner 1. Scanner 2 cho phn gia keo ch c mt u o m trc khi gia keo v iu khin nhit xy cho phn xy trc, u o phn cun gm 6 u o cc loi:

u o nh lng

u o dy

u o nh lng trng ph

u o m

u o bin

u o khe h

Ch c 4 u o trn l phc v cho vic kim tra cht lng sn phm.

Cn hai u o sau l phc v cho mt s tnh nng tnh ton v hin th tham

s cn thit trn mn hnh.

2 . Trm vn hnh

Gm mt my tnh v mt my in c ni mng vi nhau v ni vi DCS.

My tnh vn hnh v theo di cc thng s t scanner gi v. Gip cho ngi

vn hnh lu d cc s liu, in cc bo co cn thit. Ngoi ra cn c mn hnh

cha ng cc thng s gip cho ngi qun l c th d dng nm bt c tnh

hnh sn xut. Trm vn hnh c cc chc nng sau:

iu khin m

iu khin thay i tc ng b

iu khin nh lng cho tng li .

Ghp ni cao tc d liu vi PLC ca Allen Bradley.

Ghi d liu

C mn hnh bo co MI3 tin tin

iu khin nh lng

iu khin m ring bit

C chc nng khi ng v tt phn xy mc ch lm gim nhit trong l

xy khi giy t. iu khin t l tc phun trn tc li .

3 . H thng qun l cht lng(Quality Manager)

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Bao gm:

Qun l ng dng AM(Application Manager)

B x l h tr Scanner SSP (Scanner support processor)

H thng DCS nh dng iu khin cc van iu khin United

II.Gii thiu cc u o

1. u o nh lng (Basis weight sensor)

S ngun phng x l vt liu Krypton 8, dng kh pht ra tia Bta xuyn

qua t giy. Tia phng x b t giy hp th. Ngun thu bn kia t giy s nhn

c bc x khng b hp th v bin i thnh tn hiu in, tn hiu in ny s

c chuyn ti b m. Ti y tn hiu in c chuyn thnh dng s m

v phn hi v my tnh. My tnh s x dng d liu v lu ch trong phn mm

tnh ton ra nh lng ca t giy. S khi ca b cm bin o nh lng

(Hnh 2-1)

Hnh 2-1:S khi b cm bin o nh l-ng

2 . u o m (Infrared Moisture Sensor)

Lng nc trong giy rt quan trng i vi nh lng ca t giy v nh

hng ti c khi in. Hm lng nc ca giy c xc nh l trng lng nc

trn mt n v din tch ca t giy. Do vy tnh ton % m th my cn

phi c c c hai nh lng nc trong gi v nh lng t giy.

u o m xc nh % m bng cch o kh nng hp th bc sng

hng ngoi c nh ca nc. u o c hai phn: Phn pht (ngun) cn phn

kia l u thu. Phn pht bao gm mt n tia hng ngoi pht ra tia hng ngoi

v mt cnh qut quay. Phn thu o nh sng i qua t giy v phn tch cng

bc sng c nh.

Cu to u o m (Hnh 2-2)

Ngun pht

Ngun

B khuych i

B bin i ADC

My Tnh

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3 . u o dy (Caliper Sensor) Nguyn tc o dy da trn nguyn l cng bc t trng. u o dy

ca Measurex s dng mch t xuyn qua t giy o. Mch ny bao gm mt

li Pherit hnh ch U c cun dy u trn v mt ming thp Pherit u di.

Mch ny c gi l mch cm ng, bi v dng in cm ng nn t trng

xuyn qua n v tm Pherit. T trng ph thuc vo dy ca t giy. Nn ta

c th o c d dy ca t giy thng qua vic cng t trng. Mt

mch giao ng c ni vo cun dy ca li thp. Tn s u ra ca mch giao

ng ph thup vo cng t trng. Nu t cm thay i do dy ca

t giy thay i th tn s u ra cng s thay i. S khi u o dy c

v trn hnh 2 - 3:

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4 . u o nh lng trng ph (Coat weight sensor)

Cu to nguyn l lm vic ca u o nh lng trng ph ging ht u

o m ch khc. u o nh lng trng ph nm mt pha tc l u pht

v u thu cng nm v mt pha (o theo cch phn x nh sng thng qua t

giy tc l thu li nh sng phn x t t giy)

Tn s nh sng i ti u thu l 570(Hz)

u thu gm 6 knh:

Hai knh dng o m

Hai knh dng o nh lng Latex.

Hai knh dng o nh lng Clay.

5 . u o khe h (Z gap sensor)

u o Z - gap c khong cch gia b mt u trn v b mt u di ca

Scanner.Vi mc ch tnh ton cho my tnh bit c bao nhiu khng kh trong

khe h v tnh c trng lng ca khng kh .Ngoi ra my tnh cn cn bit

nhit khng kh tnh ton trng lng khng kh mt cch chnh xc. Bi v

trng lng khng kh thay i theo nhit . Do cn phi c u o nhit

u trn v u di. Nu my tnh tnh c ng trng lng khng kh, sau

gi tr ny c tr b khi gi tr nh lng o c. Bi gi tr nh lng

o c gm nh lng ca t giy v trng lng khng kh gia u trn v

u di ca t giy. Do vy cn phi s dng u o khe h khng kh m

bo o nh lng ca t giy l chnh xc.

6 . u o m Scanner2 (SSIR Scanner)

SSIR l ch vit tt ca Single Sided Infrared tc l u o m bng tia

hng ngoi mt pha. Cu to v chc nng ging ht u o m ca Scanner1.

Ch khc l u pht tia hng ngoi v u thu cng nm v mt pha u o.

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H thng iu khin phn phi (Distributed Control Sytem)

Cu hnh iu khin phn phi (DCS) ca nh my c chia lm 3 khu vc chnh

nh sau:

Khu vc trm vn hnh

Khu vc iu khin

Khu vc ti hin trng

I . Khu vc trm vn hnh

Khu vc ny l cp cao nht trong h thng DCS bao gm 6 my tnh iu

khin.

Cng on chun b bt gm c hai my tnh vi tn AW70B (Application

workstation70B), v WP70B (Workstation processer 70B). Ngoi ra cn c mt

my in.

Phn pha ch ho cht trng ph c mt my tnh m nhim c hai chc nng

AW70B v WP70B v mt my in.

Cng on xeo giy c 3 my tnh gm mt my AW70B, hai myWP70B v

mt my in.

Tt c cc my tnh ny c ni mng vi nhau thng qua chun Ethernet v

chy trn h iu hnh Windows - NT.

B s l ng dng (Appication Processer) c php ni vi rt nhiu thit b

lu tr khc nhau, l ngun d liu v tnh ton mc ch chung. Cc b s l ng

dng c cu hnh bng phn mm, kt hp cc chc nng h thng ging

nh l iu khin cp trn cng. Qun l vn hnh cng ngh, tp hp d liu d

tr qun l thng tin, cc chc nng phn mm h thng v qun l cc thit b

h thng. Ngoi ra cn c kt ni ti u vi mng thng tin, cho php vic

truyn thng hai chiu.

Cc trm lm vic (Workstation Processer), c ni vi mn hnh CRT cc

thit b u vo c kt hp vi trm lm vic l bn phm chut-Rt nhiu

cc b s l c kt ni vi nhiu mn hnh thao tc khc nhau. Mi b s l

qun l cc thng tin trn mn hnh CRT ca n v chuyn d liu ti cc b phn

x l khc.

II . Khu vc iu khin

Gm cc b Micro I/A v cc card Fielbus.

17

Cc modul s l xc nh cc tham s h thng Series I/A v nhng g xy ra

trong mi im ni. Chng thc hin tt c cc chc nng iu khin cung cp

kh nng ghp ni vi cc loi thit b t ng khc. Thc hin vic tnh ton v

lu tr d liu, ghp ni vi cc mng khc v iu khin trm vn hnh.

Cc modul x l c mt b vi s l chung v phn mm h iu hnh.Thng

thng mt moduyl x l s chy trn mt modul phn mm c kt hp vi

thit b ghp ni vi n.

Cc modul x l da trn cc b vi x l ca dng h Intel v SPARC ca

Sun c s dng hu ht trong my tnh c nhn. Kin trc m ny ngha l phn

mm Series I/A c th chy trn cc trm tng thch. Cng nh vy cc chun

truyn thng c cung cp bi cc moduyl x l h tr cho cc thit b ngoi vi

v h thng.

Cc b x l iu khin tp hp d liu u vo t cc u o v cc thit b

ti hin trng thng qua cc modul fieldbus. B x l iu khin thc hin bt

k chc nng iu khin t ng thch hp no ging nh iu khin lin tc, iu

khin trnh t hoc cc chc nng iu khin lgic ri rc ngt on.

Cc b x l truyn thng cung cp cc cng truyn thng ti cc thit b u

cui nh my in v cc thit b khng ng b ni tip khc.

Modul Fieldbus cung cp ghp ni gia cc b cm bin / B tc ng vi

Fieldbus. Cc modul bin i cc tn hiu vo/ra in thch hp c dng bi

cc thit b ngoi hin trng, cho php truyn thng cng cc thit b khc

thng qua Fieldbus.

Cc Fieldbus u vo tng t FBC 21 bao gm 16 knh u vo tng t

tng ng t 020 mA. Mi knh c mt b chuyn i A/D v chp nhn cc

cm bin tng t ging nh b chuyn i 0 20mA. FBC 21 thc bin i tn

hiu 020mA, ghp ni vi I/A Series Fieldbus thng qua b s l Fieldbus

(FBP 10).

Cc Fieldbus u ra tng t FBC 04 bao gm 16 knh u ra tng t. Tng

ng t 0 20mA. Mi knh c ni ra ti v to ra u ra t 0 20 mA. FBC

04 thc hin cc vic bin i tn hiu theo yu cu ghp ni vi I/A Series

Fieldbus thng qua cc b x l Fieldbus.

Cc Fieldbus vo/ra FBC 10 bao gm 64 knh vo/ra. S cc knh t 132

lun lun l u vo. Cc knh t 3364 lun l u ra. FBC 10 c ni vi 4

mch nh dng tn hiu SBC 16 thng qua 4 ng cp. Cc moduyl nh dng

18

tn hiu c gn vi SBC 16. Cc b nh dng tn hiu vo/ra l cc moduyl

nh c s dng vi FBC 1, thng qua b nh dng tn hiu, xc nh c tn

hiu vo/ra.

B x l Fieldbus FBC 10 c a ch duy nht. B s l iu khin s xc

nhn cc cc thng qua a ch v truyn thng, cng vi FBC 10 theo cng cch

thc hin vi FBM. FBP lu tr d liu v chuyn d liu t cc FBC 12 Bit

thnh dng d liu 16 Bit cho I/A Series.

Cc modul cp ngun IPM 26 bin i in p 230 (v) 240(v) u vo thnh

5 (v) DC, 25 (mA) v 24 (v) DC, 3.6 (A) max u ra theo yu cu s dng ca

FBC. IPM 26 cung cp tt c nng lng cn thit m bo hot ng. Bao

gm c cc trng hp mt ngun do nhit, mt ngun do in p u vo thp,

gii hn dng u vo v in p u vo qu cao so vi mc t.

Modul gim st ngun cp PM 20 truyn thng vi FBP 10 tp hp thng tin

trng thi c lin quan n ngun cp.

III. Khu vc hin trng

Khu vc hin trng gm cc thit b o nh thit b o lu lng, p xut,

nng , mc, nhit Cc b o cc tn hiu khng in v chuyn cc tn

hiu khng in thnh tn hiu in t 0 20 mA v a n cc FBC 21

tng ng. T cc tn hiu in c a i s l, thng qua cc chu trnh iu

khin theo yu cu cng ngh. Ngoi ra khu vc hin trng cn c cc c cu

chp hnh iu khin cc van ng/m tng ng. Tn hiu a ra t my tnh

thng qua cc FBC 04 a ra iu khin.

iu khin cc ng c bm, khuy thng qua mn hnh iu khin tn

hiu c ni ti cc b I/A Series ri ti PLC. Sau PLC s ra lnh cho cc c

cu chp hnh (cc relay, contacter) MCC (Motor control Central) ng in

cho ng c lm vic.

Trn trm AW c ci t cc phn mm tin ch dng cu hnh v thit

lp cc tham s cho cc khi iu khin ghp ni vi TLC ca Allen Bradley.

Phn mm h tr v v thit lp cc tham s, cho tt c cc i tng cn iu

khin. Phn mm thit lp mi trng lm vic tin ch thit lp lu tr d liu v

tin ch thit lp bo ng Alarm.

20

Chng 3: H thng cung cp in nh my

A.Gii thiu chung I . V tr, qui m sn xut ca nh my

Nh my giy s 2 thuc cng ty giy Vit Tr, nm trong khu cng nghip

Vit Tr - Ph Th. Cch cu cng Vit Tr 0,6 Km. Pha ng gip cu Vit Tr,

pha Ty l trung tm cng nghip, pha nam gip sng Hng, pha Bc gip quc

l 2 v c ng dy 35Kv chy qua.

a im nh my bng phng, thun li cho s pht trin ca nh my v

xut nhp khu hng ho, din tch ca nh my l 280.000m2. Nh my giy s

2 sn xut giy bao gi cng nghip cao cp vi cng sut 25.000T/nm. y l

cng trnh ni lc vi 100% s vn ca cng ty. Nh my p dng thi gian sn

xut l ch lm vic lin tc 3 ca 8 ting (24h/ngy)

II. Cc cng trnh sn xut v vai tr ca nh my

Cc cng trnh sn xut chnh

Phn xng bt

Phn xng xeo

Cc cng trnh ph tr

B phn s l nc thi

Hin nay nh my giy s 2 rt quan trng trong cng ty giy Vit Tr v

ngnh cng nghip giy Vit Nam. Nh my l nn tng cho s vng vng pht

trin ca cng ty. Nh my nh du cho mt bc ngot ca giai on hin i

ho, cng nghip ho ca cng ty giy Vit Tr v ca ngnh cng nghip giy.

III. Phn loi h tiu th in.

Da vo s liu v cng sut c cho trn danh sch. Nh my mang mt tnh

cht ht sc quan trng. Da vo nhu cu tiu th in ca nh my v tnh cht

ca nh my ta xp nh my vo h tiu th in nng loi 2.

21

B.Xc nh ph ti tnh ton I. Ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng bt.

Vi phn xng bt ta xc nh ph ti tnh ton ng lc theo cng thc cng

sut t v h s nhu cu.

Cng sut t ca thit b 6Kv : P = 1665Kw

Cng sut c ca thit b 380V: P = 2340 Kw

Trong :

Thit b b phn s l nc thi : P = 900Kw

Thit b b phn Bt: P = 1440Kw

1. Ph ti tnh cho phn xng bt.

Tra ph lc 1-3 sch h thng cung cp in c

Knc = 0,7; cos = 0,8 => Tg = 0,75

Vy cng sut tnh ton ng lc s l:

Ptt = Knc.P = 0,7.1440 = 1013,6 (Kw)

Cng sut tnh ton phn khng s l;

Qtt = Ptt. Tg = 1013,6.0,75 = 760,2 (KVAr)

Cng sut tnh ton ton phn l :

Stt = 25,12668,0

1013

Cos

Ptt (KVA)

2 . Ph ti tnh ton cho b phn s l nc thi.

Tra ph lc 1-3 sch h thng cung cp in c

Knc = 0,7; cos = 0,8 => Tg = 0,75


Ptt = Knc. P = 0,7.900 = 630(Kw)

Cng sut tnh ton phn khng s l :

Qtt = Ptt. Tg = 630.0,75 = 525 (KVAr)

Cng sut tnh ton ton phn l

Stt = 7878,0

630

Cos

Ptt (KVA)

3 . Ph ti tnh ton cho thit b s dng in p 6Kv

Cng sut t ca thit b l : P = 1665 Kw

Tra phc lc 1-3 sch h thng cung cp in c:

Knc = 0,7; cos = 0,8 => Tg = 0,75

22

Vy cng sut tnh ton ng lc s l :

Ptt = Knc. P = 0,7.1665 = 1165,5(Kw)

Cng sut tnh ton phn khng s l :

Qtt = Ptt. Tg = 1165,5.0,75 = 874,2 (KVAr)


Stt = 9,14568,0

5,1165

Cos

Ptt (KVA)

II . Ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng xeo

Ph ti tnh ton ng lc cho phn xng xeo ta tnh theo cng thc cng

sut t v h s nhu cu.

Cng sut t ca phn xng xeo

Cng sut t ca thit b s dng in p 380V : P = 3860 KW

Cng sut t ca thit b s dng in p 460V : P = 1873 KW

1 . Ph ti tnh ton cho b phn xeo giy

Tra ph lc 1-3 sch h thng cung cp in c:

Knc = 0,7; cos = 0,8 => Tg = 0,75

a. Vy cng sut tnh ton ng lc ca thit b s dng in p 380 V s l:

Ptt = Knc. P = 0,7.3860 = 2702(Kw)

Cng sut tnh ton phn khng s l:

Qtt = Ptt. Tg = 2702.0,75 = 2026,5 (KVAr)


Stt = 5,33778,0

2702

Cos

Ptt (KVA)

b. Vy cng sut tnh ton ng lc ca thit b s dng in p 380V s l:

Ptt = Knc. P = 0,7.1873 = 1311,1(Kw)


Qtt = Ptt. Tg = 1311,1.0,75 = 983,3 (KVAr)


Stt = 16398,0

1,1311

Cos

Ptt (KVA)

2 . Ph ti tnh ton cho b phn hon thnh, ni hi.

Cng sut t ca thit b l : P = 1200Kw


Knc = 0,7; cos = 0,8 => Tg = 0,75

23


Ptt = Knc. P = 0,7.1200 = 840(Kw)


Qtt = Ptt. Tg = 840.0,75 = 630 (KVAr)


Stt = 10508,0

840

Cos

Ptt (KVA)

III . Ph ti tnh ton ca nh sng, iu khin.

1 . Ph ti tnh ton cho nh sng



Knc = 0,7; cos = 0,85 => Tg = 0,62


Ptt = Knc. P = 0,65.400 = 260(Kw)


Qtt = Ptt. Tg = 260.0,62 = 161,2 (KVAr)


Stt = 9,30585,0

260

Cos

Ptt (KVA)

2 . Ph ti tnh ton cho iu khin.



Knc = 0,7; cos = 0,8 => Tg = 0,75

Vy cng sut tnh ton tc dng s l:

Ptt = Knc. P = 0,7.270 = 189(Kw)


Qtt = Ptt. Tg = 189.0,75 = 141,8 (KVAr)


Stt = 3,2368,0

189

Cos

Ptt (KVA)

IV. Tng ph ti tnh ton ton nh my

Ptt = 1017,6+700+2702+1311,1+840+260+189+1165,5=8185,2(Kw)

Qtt=760,2+525+2026,5+874,2+983,3+630+161,2+141,8=6103,3(KVAr)

Srr=1266,3+787+3377,5+1639+1050+305,9+236,3+1456,9=10206,9(KVA)

24

V. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ton nh my

Ph ti tc dng tnh ton ton nh my

Pttnm = Kt. Ptt vi Kt = 0,85

Kt l h s ng thi, xt kh nng ph ti ton nh my khng ng thi cc

i.

Pttnm = 0,85.8185,2 = 6957,4(KW)

Cng sut phn khng tnh ton ton nh my

Qttnm = Kt . Qttnm = 0,85. 6103,3 = 5187,8 (KVAr)

Cng sut biu kin tnh ton ton nh my

Sttnm = Kt . Stt = 0,85.10206,9 = 8676(KVA)

H s cng sut ton nh my

Cos 8,08676

4,6957

ttnm

ttnm

S

P

25

C.Thit k mng cao p cho nh my I . iu khin phng n cung cp in

Chn phng n cung cp in cho nh my theo phng n t mt trm

bin p chnh B0 v 4 trm bin p phn xng B1, B2, B3, B4.

Trm bin p chnh nhn in t h thng l cp in p 35 Kv v h xung

cp in p 6 Kv, cung cp cho 4 trm bin p phn xng.

Trm bin p phn xng h xung cp in p 0,4 Kv v 0,5 Kv cp in

cho cc thit b in.

Trm bin p B1 cp in cho b phn xeo, iu khin v nh sng

Trm bin p B2 cp in cho b phn hon thnh, ni hi

Trm bin p B3 cp in cho phn xng bt

Trm bin p B4 cp in cho b phn x l nc thi.

II . Chn dung lng, s lng my bin p

Dung lng cc my bin p c chn theo iu kin sau.

Sdmtt Stt

Vi loi trm dng my bin p th;

Sdm ttSn

1

1 . Chn dung lng trm bin p B0

SmB0 Sttnm = 8676 (KVA)

iu kin kim tra

SktB0 = SmB0.1,4 = 8676.1,4 = 12147 (KVA)

Vy ta chn my bin p c cng sut 15000(KVA) v c cc thng s trong

bng sau (Bng 3-1)

Sm()

KVA Uc (Kv) Uh (Kv) Ic(A) Ih(A)

/

15000 35 6 247 1443

Bng 3-1: Thng s my bin p B0

2 . Chn dung lng, s lng my bin p cho b phn xeo

a . Chn bin p cho thit b s dng cp in p 380(V)

Chn 3 my bin p

Sm 11263

5,3377

3

1ttS (KVA)

iu kin kim tra Skt = Sm . 1,3 = 1126.1,3 = 1463,6( KVA)

26

Vy ta chn 3 my bin p c cng sut 1500 (KVA) v c cc thng s trong

bng sau (Bng 3-2)

Sm() KVA Uc (Kv) Uh (Kv) Ic(A) Ih(A) /

15000 6 0,4 144,34 1443

Bng 3-2: thng s my bin p cho thit b s dng in p 380 (V)

b . Chn my bin p cho thit b s dng cp in p 460(V)

Chn 2 my bin p

Sm 81952

1639

2

1ttS (KVA)

iu kin kim tra: Skt = Sm .1,3 = 8195.1,3 = 1065,4 (KVA)


bng sau (Bng 3-3)

Sm() KVA Uc (Kv) Uh (Kv) Ic(A) Ih(A) / /

15000 6 0,5 144,34 1882,66

Bng 3-3: Thng s my bin p cho thit b s dng in p 460(V)

3. Chn dung lng, s lng my bin p cho nh sng v iu khin

a . Chn bin p cho nh sng

Chn 1 my bin p

Sm Stt = 305,9 (KVA)

iu kin kim tra: Skt = Sm .1,3 = 305,9.1,3 = 397,7 (KVA)


bng sau (Bng 3-4)


15000 6 0,23 48,1 1312,16

Bng 3-4: Thng s my bin p cho nh sng

b . Chn bin p cho iu khin

Chn 1 my bin p

Sm Stt = 236,3 (KVA)

iu kin kim tra: Skt = Sm .1,3 = 236,3.1,3 = 307 (KVA)

27


bng sau (Bng 3-5)

Sm()


/

15000 6 0,23 28,37 787,3

Bng 3-5: thng s my bin p cho iu khin.

4 . Chn my bin p cho b phn hon thnh v ni hn.

Chn 1 my bin p

Sm Stt = 1050 (KVA)

iu kin kim tra: Skt = Sm .1,3 = 1050.1,3 = 1365 (KVA)


bng sau (Bng 3-6)

Sm()


/

15000 6 0,4 144,34 2270

Bng 3-6: thng s my bin p cho hon thnh v ni hi.

5 . Chn dung lng, s my bin p cho phn xng bt.

a . Chn my bin p cho b phn bt.

Chn 1 my bin p

Sm Stt = 1266,25 (KVA)

iu kin kim tra: Skt = Sm .1,3 = 1266,25.1,3 = 1506 (KVA)


bng sau (Bng 3-7)


1500 6 0,4 144,34 2270

Bng 3-7: Thng s my bin p cho nh sng

b . Chn bin p cho b phn s l nc thi

Chn 1 my bin p

Sm Stt = 787 (KVA)

28

iu kin kim tra: Skt = Sm .1,3 = 787.1,3 = 1023 (KVA)


bng sau (Bng 3-8)

Sm( KVA) Uc (Kv) Uh (Kv) Ic(A) Ih(A) /

15000 6 0,4 96,2 1443,3

Bng 3-8: Thng s my bin p cho phn s l nc thi

III . Chn thit b bo v bin p

1 . Chn dao cch ly cao p

cp in p 35 KV ta dng mt loi dao cch ly, v c chn theo iu

kin sau:

Umcl Um mng = 35 (KV); Imcl Icb

Trong :

Icb = 2,14335.3

8676

.3

dm

ttnm

U

S(A)

Vy ta chn dao cch ly c thng s (bng 3-9)

Um (kV) Im(A) Ict N 3s

35 1250 25

Bng 3-9: Thng s dao cch ly 35 kV

2 . Chn my ct 35 kV

cp in p 35 KV ta dng mt loi dao cch ly, v c chn theo iu

kin sau:

Umcl Um mng = 35 (KV)

Imcl Icb

Trong :

Icb = 2,14335.3

8676

.3

dm

ttnm

U

S(A)

Vy ta chn dao cch ly c thng s (bng 3-10)

Loi Um (kV) Im(A) Ict N 3s

GCB 35 1250 25

Bng 3-10: Thng s my ct 35 kV

29

3 . Chn my ct 6Kv

a . Chn my ct 6 kV tng

cp in p 6 KV ta dng mt loi my ct tng gm 4 b v c chn

theo iu kin sau:

Umcl Um mng = 6,3 (KV)

Imcl Icb (Icb dng cng bc bo v)

Trong :

Icb = 6,5183.6.3

4353.3,1

.3

3,1

dm

ttnm

U

S(A)

Vy ta chn my ct c thng s (bng 3-1) trch nhim


VCB -1 7,2 1250 31,5

Bng 3-11: Thng s my ct 6kV

a . Chn my ct 6kV cho tng my bin p

cp in p 6 Kv cho tng my bin p ta dng mt loi my ct cho d v

d thay th d phng

My ct c chn theo iu kin sau

Umcl Um mng = 6,3 (KV)

Imcl Icb (Icb dng cng bc bo v)

Trong :

Icb = 6,5183.6.3

4353.3,1

.3

3,1

dm

ttnm

U

S(A)

Vy ta chn my ct c thng s (bng 3-12)


VCB -1 7,2 1250 31,5

Bng 3-12: thng s my ct 6kV cho tng my bin p

31

Chng IV: H bin tn (Inverter J300)

Gii thiu chung

Trong giai on hin nay khoa hc cng ngh pht trin ngy cng mnh m.

Vic ng dng nhng thnh tu khoa hc mi vo cng ngh sn xut cc sn

phm, nhm tng nng sut lao ng, tit kim vt t, nng cao cht lng sn

phm, gim gi thnh l tiu ch ca tt c cc nh doanh nghip. Tit kim in

nng nhm gim gi thnh sn phm cng l vn rt bc xc trong sn xut

kinh doanh ca cc x nghip . V vy trong dy truyn sn xut giy bao gi cng

nghip ca nh my rt ch trng n vn tit kim in nng.

Bin tn l mt thit b bin i in p U1, f1 sang in p U2, f2 bin i

c tu theo yu cu ca ng c (my sn xut). Do vy nh my chn

phng php iu khin ng c dng phng php bin tn.

iu chnh tc cho ph hp yu cu cng ngh trong dy truyn ny nh

my s dng bin tn ca hai hng sn xut.

Mt loi do hng HUYNDAI sn xut c k hiu Inverter J300 s dng bin

i in p t in p xoay chiu c tn s f1 khng i sang in p xoay chiu

c tn s f2 bin i c loi ny thng s dng iu khin ng c chy ri

rc khng chy thnh h hoc cm, s dng tn hiu phn hi t.

Loi bin tn GV3000 do hng Rokwell sn xut, s dng mng DC bus chung

cho tt c cc bin tn. Loi ny c u im in p mt chiu n nh v ng

b cho tt c cc bin tn. Rt ph hp vi cc bin tn c lin quan cht ch vi

nhau v truyn ng, v s dng nhiu tn hiu phn hi. Do vy dy truyn sn

xut giy bao gi ca nh my chn s dng loi bin tn GV3000, iu

khin ng c truyn ng cho my xeo giy, c nhng lin ng theo khi v

cm vi nhau.

32

INVERTER

I . S cu to b bin tn

B bin tn J 300 l loi bin tn gin tip gm 3 khu.

- Khu chnh lu cu 3 pha dng cho 6 iot in p xoay chiu tn s f1

c chnh lu thnh in p 1 chiu.

- Khu lc: l khu gi cho in p ngun (hoc dng in chnh lu) t b

thay i mt khc trao i nng lng phn khng vi in cm ti (ti l ng

c xoay chiu).

- Khu nghch lu: Bin i ngun in p mt chiu thnh ngun in p

xoay chiu c tn s f2. Bin i khu nghch lu s dng IGBT nh lut dn ca

IGBT m to c U xoay chiu c tn s thay i cung cp cho ti.

II . H thng dy in cho INVERTER (Hnh 4 -2)

1 . Ngun cung cp

2 . p t mt

3 . Contactor

4 . Cun cm xoay chiu ci thin h s ngun. Thng dng tch ra 3 % in

p radio khng cn xng hoc hn na v ngun cung cp 500KVA hoc hn na

v ti ch xy ra bin i nhanh trong ngun cung cp, v cng ci thin h s

ngun.

33

5 . B lc sng radio: Khi s dng INVERTER c th c nhiu nguyn nhn

nhiu trn cao thit b ngoi v, trn ng dy ngun in y l b phn lm

gim nhiu.

6 . B lc nhiu EMI cho INVERTER y l b phn chung lm yu i s

nhiu dc sinh ra do mch lc ca INVERTER . Gia ngun in cung cp v

ni t bng nhiu thng thng n c t phn s cp ca INVERTER.

7 . in tr ti sinh: c s dng cho cc ng dng cn to m men hm

ca INVERTER hoc thng c s dng hm gim tc hoc dng truyn ng.

8 . B lc nhiu radio y l b phn lm gim s nhiu c sinh ra u ra b

INVERER (N c la chn s dng cho 2 ngun u vo v u ra).

9 . Cun cm xoay chiu c dng gim s dao ng. Khi ng c chy

th b INVERTER s sinh ra s giao ng ln hn so vi ngun cung cp y l

b phn c lp t gia b INVERTER v m t lm gim gn ca m

men. Khi ng cp gia m t v INVERTER di th dy cng l b phn dng

ngn chn s hng hc RELAY nhit.

III. Cu u dy INVERTER.

34

1 . Cu u mch lc.

GE : im i ni t

R, S, T im u ngun cung cp ngun u vo.

RB, P (+): im u in tr ti sinh

P (+), N (-) im u b hm.

U, V, W im u u ra ca INVERTER.

Ch : Khng c u nhm ngun cung cp u vo ca INTERTER

vo u vo ca m t nu c nhiu b INVERTER mc vi nhau th mi b

INVERTER mc vi nhau th mi b INVERTER phi c dy ni t ring.

2 . Cu u mch iu kin (Hnh 4 - 4)

*. Cc tn hiu kim tra u vo.

FM kim tra tn s

CM1 cc u chung cho cc tn hiu kim tra v cc tn hiu thng minh u

vo.

PLC cc u chung ni vi PLC.

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P24 Ngun cung cp cho cc tn hiu.

FW Chy thun.

8 REV chy o chiu

7 CF1 nh dng cho tc th nht

6 CF2 nh dng cho tc th hai.

5 CH 1 Hi s nh dng cho tng gim gia tc (acc/dec).

4FRS tn hiu u vo cho tn hiu chy khng ti.

3JG Chy chm (chy b)

2 AT S la chn cho tn hiu vo dng in.

1 RS (RESET) thit lp li.

*. Cu u cho cc lnh tn s u vo.

H : Ngun cung cp lnh cho tn s

O : Lnh in p tn s

OI : Lnh cho dng in tn s.

L : Lnh chung cho tn s.

*. Tn hiu u ra.

CM2 Cc u chung cho cc tn hiu thng minh u ra.

12 Tn hiu thng minh s 12 (tn hiu chy)

11 Tn hiu thng minh s 11 (tn hiu xc nh tn s).

*. Cc n bo.

ALO, AL1, AL2, n bo chy v Fault.

3 . S u ni bin tn (Hnh 4 - 5 )

4 . Cc ch v an ton trong lp t.

a . in p u vo.

Kim tra chc chn in p u vo.

3 pha 200 30 V/50Hz hoc 200 230 V/60Hz

3 pha 300 415 V/50 Hz hoc 400 460 V/60 Hz.

Ta c th p t b chng d chm t. B bo v s c chm t c

thit k pht hin ra dng chm t trn ngun cung cp y l chc nng bo v

INVERTER khng bo v cho ngi vn hnh vic lp t cho vic chng d

in ny bo v sau khi c s c chm t trn ng dy gia b INVERTER

v ng c.

b . V tr lp t.

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Trnh lp t nhng v tr c nhit cao c m v bi cao v tr

lp t phi trng phng thong v khng t theo hng nh sng mt tri.

Ta lp n theo hng thng ng hoc treo trn tng nu lp t trn tng

ta c gi lp.

c . Khng c u ngun cung cp vo cc u u ra n s gy ra s c

hng b INVERTER

38

Chng V: PLC ( PROGRAMBLE LOGIC CONTROLLER)

A. Khi nim v PLC I.Gii thiu chung

Trong cnh tranh cng nghip th hiu qu ca nn sn xut ni chung l cha

kho ca thnh cng. Hiu qu ca nn sn xut bao chm nhng lnh vc rt

rng nh : Tc sn xut ra mt sn phm ca thit b v ca dy truyn phi

nhanh. Gi nhn cng v vt liu lm ra sn phm phi h. Cht lng cao v t

ph phm. Thi gian cht ca my mc l ti thiu. My sn xut c gi r.

Cc b iu khin chng trnh p ng c hu ht cc yu cu trn v nh

l yu t chnh trong vic nng cao hn na hiu qu sn xut trong cng nghip.

Trc y th vic t ng ho ch c p dng trong sn xut hng loi nng

xut cao. Hin nay cn thit phi t ng ho c trong sn xut nhiu loi hng

ho khc nhau. Trong vic nng cao cht lng cng nh t nng xut cao

hn v nhm cc tiu ho vn u t cho thit b v x nghip.

Trc khi c cc b iu khin chng trnh trong sn xut c nhiu phn

t iu khin, k c cc trc cam, cc b khng ch hnh trng. Khi xut hin

RELAY in t th panel relay tr thnh ch o trong iu khin. Khi Transistor

xut hin n c p dng ngay nhng ch m RELAY in t khng p ng

c nhng yu cu iu khin cao.

Ngy nay, lnh vc iu khin c m rng n c qu trnh sn xut phc

tp, n cc h thng iu khin tng th vi cc mch vng kn, n cc h thng

s l s liu v iu khin kim tra tp chung ho h tng iu khin logic thng

thng khng th thc hin iu khin tng th c v cc b iu khin chng

trnh ho hoc iu khin bng my vi tnh tr nn cn thit.

II. c in u vit ca h thng dng plc

1 - Kh nng

* iu khin gim st :

PCL c kh nng thay th h iu khin RELAY

PLC c kh nng iu khin t ng bn t ng

PLC c kh nng iu khin thi giam m

PLC c kh nng iu khin cc panel mch in

* iu khin dy

PLC c kh nng iu khin lin tc nh : nhit , p sut

39

PLC c kh nng iu khin ng c chp hnh, ng c bc

PLC c kh nng iu khin PID

PLC c kh nng cung cp thng tin, thc hin cc php ton s hc

* iu khin mm do

PLC c kh nng iu hnh qu trnh v bo ng

PLC c kh nng pht hin li v iu hnh

PLC c kh nng ghp ni my tnh ( RS232c/RS242)

PLC c kh nng ghp ni mng t ng ho x nghip , mng cc b,

mng m rng

2 . u im ca PLC trong t ng ho

Thi gian lp t cng trnh ngn hn

D dng thay i m khng gy tn tht ti chnh

C th tnh ton c chnh xc gi thnh

Cn t thi gian hun luyn

D dng thay i thit k nh phn mm

ng dng iu khin trong phm vi rng

D bo tr cc ch th vo v ra gip s l s c d hn v nhanh hn

tin cy cao

Chun ho c phn cng iu khin

Thch ng trong mi trng khc nghit : Nhit , m, in p, dao

ng, ting n.

Vi nhng chc nng u vit ca PLC, do vy trong vic chun ho iu khin

ca dy truyn. Cng ty giy Vit Tr chn thit b PLC thay th cho h

thng iu khin t ng RELAY ( tip im ). Trong dy truyn ny cng ty

s dng loi PLC 5/20,5/30,5/40, v micrologix 1000 ca hng Allen - Bradley .

Trong khun kh ca bo co thc tp ny em ch nghin cu v bo co thc tp

ny em ch nghin cu v bo co v loi micrologix 1000 .

III. Hot ng ca plc

1- Cu trc bn trong

* CPU : l b x l trung tm, s l lnh cc php ton s hc

* B nh chng trnh: Lu d tt c cc chng trnh iu khin

* B nh lm vic : Lu d cc d liu trung gian gm c

ROM b nh c (Read only memory)

40

Ram b nh c ghi (Random Accsess Memory ) b nh vit chng trnh

v sa cha.

PROM b nh c kh nng lp trnh c (Programble ROM)

EPROM b nh c kh nng xo bng tia cc tm (Erasable prom) B nh

chng trnh hon chnh.

EPPROM b nh c kh nng xo bng in (Electrical EPROM).

* My lp trnh : L b phn vit chng trnh c cc loi

My lp trnh bng tay

My lp trnh chuyn dng , my tnh c nhn

Trong gii hn ca bo co thc tp ny ta ch gii thiu tm hiu v my lp trnh

bng tay.

* Mch u vo : Ghp ni thit b l nt n, cng tc gii hn, cng tc hnh

trnh, cng tc mc- vi CPU v c chc nng cch ly.

* Mch u ra: Ghp ni vi cc phn t u ra l m t, b xy, n, solenoid,

cc thit b hin th.

Trong PLC c cc b m u vo v b m u ra, chc nng ca b m l

lu d tm thi cc tn hiu vo ra, gip cho qu trnh s l c nhanh.

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