Bai Giang ASP.net Full

Ti liu kha hc lp trnh web vi ASP.NET Bin son: Nguyn Minh Qu

MC LCBI S 1: M U V ASP.NET ....................................................................... 61.1. Gii thiu tng quan cng ngh .NET ........................................................................ 61.1.1 S ra i ca .NET ............................................................................................................6 1.1.2 .NET Framework l g ......................................................................................................7 1.1.3 Mt s u im chnh ca .NET framework .....................................................................9

1.2. Gii thiu ASP.NET ................................................................................................. 10 1.3. Ci t Visual Studio.NET 2008 .............................................................................. 101.3.1 Cc phin bn .NET ........................................................................................................10 1.3.2 Ci t Visual Studio.NET 2008 .....................................................................................10

1.4. Gii thiu mi trng tch hp (IDE) ca ASP.NET. ............................................... 11 1.5. To/lu/m/chy ng dng ASP.NET ...................................................................... 131.5.1 To mi ...........................................................................................................................13 1.5.2 Lu ng dng Web..........................................................................................................14 1.5.3 M (Chy) ng dng .......................................................................................................14

1.6. C bn v CSS v DHTML. ..................................................................................... 151.6.1 CSS..................................................................................................................... ............. 15 1.6.2 DHTML................................................................................................................... ........ 15

1.7. nh dng cc th s dng CSS................................................................................ 161.7.1 nh dng mc dng (Inline) .......................................................................................16 1.7.2 nh dng bi b chn ID ...............................................................................................16 1.7.3 nh dng bi b chn th (tag)......................................................................................16 1.7.4 nh dng bi lp (Class) ...............................................................................................17 1.7.5 Vn t chc lu tr.....................................................................................................19

1.8. Truy xut thuc tnh cc th HTML v CSS bng JavaScript................................... 191.8.1 Truy xut cc thuc tnh ca th .....................................................................................19 1.8.2 Truy xut cc thuc tnh CSS..........................................................................................20

BI S 2: THC HNH ..................................................................................... 22 BI S 3: ASP.NET v Web form...................................................................... 323.1 M hnh lp trnh pha my ch ................................................................................. 32 3.2 C ch x l file ASP.NET pha my ch. ................................................................ 34 3.3 Mt s v d minh ha. .............................................................................................. 363.3.1 Yu cu x l ti pha server thng qua Runat=Server ............................................... 36 3.3.2 Yu cu x l bn pha server thng qua cp th ............................................... 37 3.3.3 Yu cu x l bn server thng qua Script......................................................................38 3.3.4 Yu cu x l bn pha server bng cch t trong Code file ......................................... 38

3.4 Webform trong ASP.NET ......................................................................................... 39 3.5 Tm hiu cu trc trang ASP.NET ............................................................................. 39 3.6 Code behind v vit code pha Server........................................................................ 42 3.7 HTML Server Controls v Web controls ................................................................... 433.7.1 Gii thiu.........................................................................................................................43 3.7.2 Cch thc to phn t HTML Server Control v ASP.NET control............................... 43

BI 4: THC HNH ........................................................................................... 45 BI 5: Tm hiu v s dng cc Server/Ajax Controls ..................................... 535.1 HTML Server Controls.............................................................................................. 53 5.2 Web server Controls .................................................................................................. 535.2.1 Khai bo (to cc phn t web server control) ................................................................ 53 5.2.2 C ch x l cc phn t web server control .................................................................. 54 5.2.2 Thc thi cc cu lnh ti pha server ...............................................................................59

V1.0 http://www.aptech.utehy.vn; [email protected]; Tel: 0321-713.119

Ti liu kha hc lp trnh web vi ASP.NET Bin son: Nguyn Minh Qu5.2.3 M hnh x l s kin trong ASP.NET ...........................................................................59

5.3 Ajax Control Toolkit..................................................................................................605.3.1 Gii thiu .........................................................................................................................60 5.3.2 Hng dn s dng mt s Ajax Control c bn ............................................................61

5.4 Tho lun cng ngh Ajax .........................................................................................62

BI 6: THC HNH ........................................................................................... 63 BI 7: To v s dng Custom Control ............................................................. 677.1 Gii thiu User Custom Control ................................................................................67 7.2 Cc bc to User Custom control ............................................................................67 7.3 Thm cc thuc tnh, phng thc v s kin vo UCC ............................................697.3.1 Thm thuc tnh vo UCC...............................................................................................69 7.3.2 Thm phng thc vo UCC ..........................................................................................70 7.3.3 Thm s kin vo UC .....................................................................................................71

7.4 Truy cp thuc tnh, phng thc ca cc phn t con trong UCC............................71 7.5 Minh ha to mt s iu khin .................................................................................73

BI 8: THC HNH ........................................................................................... 76 BI 9: Cc i tng trong ASP.NET................................................................ 839.1 Request Object...........................................................................................................839.1.1 i tng Request dng lm g ? ...............................................................................83 9.1.2 Cc thnh phn (thuc tnh v phng thc) chnh.........................................................83 9.1.3 V d s dng ..................................................................................................................83

9.2 Response Object ........................................................................................................869.1.1 i tng Response dng lm g ? .............................................................................86 9.1.2 Cc thnh phn (thuc tnh v phng thc) chnh.........................................................86 9.1.3 V d s dng ..................................................................................................................86

9.3 Server Object .............................................................................................................879.3.1 i tng Server dng lm g ?..................................................................................87 9.3.2 Cc thnh phn (thuc tnh v phng thc) chnh.........................................................87 9.3.3 V d s dng ..................................................................................................................87

9.4 Session Object ...........................................................................................................87 9.4.1. Bin Sesstion .........................................................................................................87 9.4.2. i tng Session .................................................................................................88 9.5 Application Object .....................................................................................................889.5.1 i tng Application dng lm g ? .........................................................................88 9.5.2. Khi nim bin ton ng dng .......................................................................................88 9.5.3. i tng Application ....................................................................................................88

Mt s bi tp tng hp: ...................................................................................... 89 BI 10: THC HNH ......................................................................................... 94 BI 11. Truyn d liu gia cc webpage, ......................................................... 94 MasterPage v g ri (Debug) chng trnh...................................................... 9411.1 Truyn (Post) d liu gia cc trang bng m lnh C# ............................................94 11.2 Truy xut n cc phn t bng phng thc FindControl ......................................94 11.3 Truy xut n trang gi thng qua thuc tnh PreviousPage. ...................................94 11.4 MasterPage ..............................................................................................................94 11.5 G ri.......................................................................................................................9711.5.1 Gii thiu .......................................................................................................................97 11.5.2 Chy ng dng ch g ri .....................................................................................97 11.5.3 Khi nim im dng ....................................................................................................97


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Ti liu kha hc lp trnh web vi ASP.NET Bin son: Nguyn Minh Qu11.5.4 Chy tng dng lnh vi ch Step Into (F8) ............................................................ 97 11.5.5 Chy tng dng lnh vi ch Step Over (Shift-F8).................................................. 97 11.5.6 Chy tng dng lnh vi ch Step Out (Ctrl-Shift-F8) ............................................ 97

11.2 S dng Custom Error page..................................................................................... 97 11.3 Ghi cc vt gy li (Trace errors) ............................................................................ 97 11.4 S dng cng c g ri/ Menu Debug .................................................................... 97 11.5 Tracing li mc trang/ Mc ton ng dng .......................................................... 97

BI 12: THC HNH ......................................................................................... 97 BI 13: CNG NGH ADO.NET ...................................................................... 9813.1 Gii thiu chung ...................................................................................................... 98 13.2 Kin trc ca ADO.NET ......................................................................................... 99 13.3 Cc lp thao tc vi CSDL: Connection, Command,......................................... 10013.3.1 Lp Connection ...........................................................................................................100 13.3.2 Lp Command.............................................................................................................102 13.3.3 Lp DataReader ..........................................................................................................104 13.3.7 Lp DataColumn .........................................................................................................106 13.3.8 Lp DataTable.............................................................................................................106 13.3.9 Lp DataRow ..............................................................................................................107 13.3.10 Lp DataSet...............................................................................................................108 13.3.11 Lp DataAdapter .......................................................................................................108

BI 14: THC HNH ....................................................................................... 111 BI 15: Tm hiu v ng dng c ch Data Binding....................................... 11815.1 Gii thiu DataBinding.......................................................................................... 118 15.2 Data Binding ......................................................................................................... 11815.2.1 Dng gn kt d liu n (Single DataBinding) ......................................................... 118 15.2.2 Dng gn kt d liu c s lp li (Repeated Data Binding) ...................................... 119

15.3 Cc iu khin Data Source (Data source controls). .............................................. 12115.3.1 Gii thiu v DataSource controls ..............................................................................121 15.3.2 S dng SqlDataSouce chn (Select) d liu ......................................................... 122 15.3.3 S dng SqlDataSource cp nht d liu ............................................................... 124 15.3.4 Xa bn ghi trong CSDL bng SqlDataSource ........................................................... 127

BI 16: THC HNH ....................................................................................... 129 BI 17: Lm vic vi GridView ........................................................................ 13317.1 Gii thiu tng quan .............................................................................................. 133 17.2 Tm hiu lp GridView ......................................................................................... 13317.2.1 Cc thuc tnh v ct thuc tnh ..................................................................................133 17.2.2 Cc style p dng cho GridView.................................................................................134 17.2.3 Cc s kin ..................................................................................................................135 17.2.4 Cc phng thc .........................................................................................................136

17.3 Cc tnh nng h tr ca GridView ....................................................................... 13717.3.1 Phn trang....................................................................................................................137 17.3.2 Tnh nng t ng sp xp ..........................................................................................139 17.3.3 Cc mu hin th - Template .......................................................................................140

17.4 To cc ct ty bin HyperLink, BoundColunm................................................ 14117.4.1 To ct BoundField th cng ......................................................................................141 17.4.2 To mt ct hyperlink .................................................................................................141

17.5 To v x l cc ct Select, Edit, Delete, Update .............................................. 14417.5.1 Thm ct Select, Edit - Update, Delete .......................................................................144 17.5.2 Cp nht d liu ..........................................................................................................145


Ti liu kha hc lp trnh web vi ASP.NET Bin son: Nguyn Minh Qu17.5.3 Xa d liu ..................................................................................................................146

BI 18: THC HNH ....................................................................................... 148 BI 19: S dng Templates ............................................................................... 15519.1 Gii thiu tng quan ..............................................................................................155 19.2 Cc iu khin h tr Templates............................................................................15519.2.1 Mt s iu khin h tr Template thng dng ........................................................155 19.2.2 Cc loi Template ........................................................................................................155

19.3 Repeater control, DataList control, GridView control............................................15619.3.1 To template vi GridView. ........................................................................................156 19.3.2 To template vi DataList ...........................................................................................160 19.3.3 To Template vi Repeater (light-weight) ..................................................................161 20. ng gi website ..............................................................................................................162

BI 20: THC HNH ....................................................................................... 163


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TRUNG TM HNG YN APTECHa ch in thoi E-mail Website : : : : Tng 2, Nh A i hc SPKT Hng Yn 0321-713.319; Fax: 0321-713.015 [email protected]; http://www.aptech.utehy.vn

TI LIU KHA HC LP TRNH ASP.NETBin son: - Nguyn Minh Qu - Phm Ngc Hng - L Quang Li

HNG YN 7/2008V1.0 http://www.aptech.utehy.vn; [email protected]; Tel: 0321-713.123


BI S 1: M U V ASP.NETMc tiu: Kt thc bi hc, sinh vin c th Nu c cc c im chnh ca cng ngh .NET M t c cc thnh phn c bn bn trong .NET Framework Ci t v cu hnh h thng chy cc trang ASP/ ASP.NET S dng h thng IDE ca VS 2008 to, lu v chy ng dng web Nu c cc u im ca web ng - DHTML nh dng trang web s dng CSS Truy xut cc thuc tnh ca phn t web thng qua CSS v Javascript

Ni dung

1.1. Gii thiu tng quan cng ngh .NET1.1.1 S ra i ca .NET Trc y v c ngy nay, trong lnh vc pht trin phn mm c rt nhiu (hng ngn thm ch hng vn) ngn ng lp trnh c s dng pht trin phn mm (nh Delphi, Ada, Cobol, Fortran, Basic, LISP, Prolog, Foxpro, Java, Pascal, C/C++, Visual Basic, VC+ +, C#...). Mi ngn ng u c nhng u v nhc im ring, chng hn Fortran l la chn s mt cho cc tnh ton khoa hc; Prolog l la chn rt tt pht trin cc phn mm thng minh (AI, Expert Systems); Java c li th pht trin cc ng dng mng, ng dng Mobile v c lp h iu hnh (Write One Run Everywhere); Visual Basic t ra d hc v d pht trin cc ng dng Winform; C# vt tri bi s kt hp gia sc mnh ca C++ v s d dng ca Visual Basic Nhng u im c tnh c th ca tng ngn ng l iu c khng nh. Tuy nhin, iu m ai cng thy r l rt kh c th tn dng c sc mnh ca tt c cc ngn ng lp trnh trong mt d n phn mm, chng hn khng th hoc rt kh khn vit mt ng dng c s dng ng thi c ngn ng Visual Basic v Java hay Foxpro vi Delphi v.v Ni cch khc, vic lin thng gia cc ngn ng l gn nh khng th. Cng do s khc bit gia cc ngn ng lp trnh m vic tip cn hay chuyn i sang ngn ng lp trnh mi s tn rt nhiu thi gian (Tuy rng v t tng v nguyn l c tng t nhau). V vy, khi cc d n s dng ngn ng lp trnh khc nhau th chi ph cho chuyn i/ hc hi s l rt ln, gy lng ph thi gian khng cn thit v cht lng phn mm chc chn khng cao. Ngoi ra, cng vi s pht trin nh v bo ca Internet th m hnh pht trin ng dng cng rt khc xa. Cc ng dng ngy nay khng ch chy ring l (stand-alone) trn my tnh PC m cn c th chy trn mi trng mng, cung cp hay truy cp cc dch v t xa (ng dng phn tn). Vai tr ca phn mm dn chuyn t ch cung cp cc chc nng (Funtional) c th sang cung cp cc dch v (Services). T nhng hn ch trong qu trnh pht trin phn mm nh nu, i hi phi c mt cch tip cn sao cho ti u nht, va m bo tn t chi ph chuyn i va m bo nhiu ngi c th tham gia cng mt d n m khng nht thit phi vit trn cng mt ngn ng lp trnh, ng thi ng dng phi hot ng tt trong mi trng mng Internet. chnh l l do Microsoft cho ra cng ngh pht trin phn mm mi .NET! Microsoft .NET l mt nn tng (Platform) pht trin ng dng mi v hon chnh nht t trc ti nay. S ra i ca Microsoft.NET c tnh cch mng, n em n cho cc nh lp trnh mt phong cch pht trin phn mm t ph, khc phc hu ht cc hn ch trc V1.0 http://www.aptech.utehy.vn; [email protected]; Tel: 0321-713.319 124

Ti liu kha hc lp trnh web vi ASP.NET Bin son: Nguyn Minh Qu y ca cc ngn ng lp trnh. Vic s dng .NET khng ch gip pht trin cc ng dng n l m cn c th pht trin cc ng dng phn tn qui m rt ln; .NET lm gim thiu thi gian pht trin ng dng, nng cao r rt cht lng sn phm phn mm. Phin bn .NET u tin (v 1.0) c Microsoft a ra th trng vo nm 2001. 1.1.2 .NET Framework l g . Thng thng, mi ngn ng lp trnh u c mt tp cc th vin ring, chng hn: VC++ th c th vin chnh l msvcrt.dll; Visual Basic th c msvbvm60.dll Cc th vin ny cha cc hm, th tc c bn ca mi ngn ng (v d hm, th tc x l xu, x l ton hc,). Tt c nhng th ny c ngha logic ging nhau nhng v cch s dng hay c php th hu nh l khc nhau. iu ny khin cho mt lp trnh vin C++ khng th p dng nhng kin thc h bit sang VB hoc ngc li. Hn na, vic pht trin b th vin ring cho mi ngn ng nh vy l qu d tha. tng ca Microsoft l KHNG xy dng mt tp th vin ring bit cho tng ngn ng lp trnh m s xy dng mt b th vin dng CHUNG. Tp th vin dng chung ny hnh thnh nn mt b khung (Framework) cc lp trnh vin vit ng dng trn b khung sn c . B Khung ny thc cht l mt tp cc th vin c xy dng sn, p ng mi nhu cu pht trin cc ng dng Desktop, Network, Mobile, web

M hnh xy dng phn mm bng ngn ng truyn thng Cc thnh phn v chc nng chnh trong .NET Framework Common Language Runtime (Trnh thc thi ngn ng chung): Sau khi ng dng c bin dch ra file Exe (exe ny khc vi file exe thng thng. Ni dung ca file exe ny tun theo mt chun/ngn ng chung, d l vit bng C# hay VB.NET. Ngn ng ny gi l ngn ng chung), tip theo file exe trung gian ny c th chy c trn my hin hnh th cn phi c bin dch ra m my tng ng. Vic bin dch v chy c l nh Chng trnh thc thi ngn ng chung CLR (Common Language Runtime). Base Class Library: L tp cc th vin cha cc lp c bn s dng trong tt c cc ngn ng .NET. V d cc lp x l xu, x l ton hc ADO.NET: L tp cc th vin chuyn dnh cho thao tc vi C s d liu. ASP.NET: Cc th vin dnh cho pht trin cc ng dng Web (webform).


Ti liu kha hc lp trnh web vi ASP.NET Bin son: Nguyn Minh Qu Windows Forms: Cc th vin dnh cho pht trin cc ng dng Windows (winform). Common Language Specification: Phn ny c nhim v c t ngn ng chung cc chng trnh vit trn cc ngn ng lp trnh khc nhau phi tun theo. Ni cch khc, bin dch cc chng trnh vit trn cc ngn ng lp trnh khc nhau v mt ngn ng thng nht chung (Common Language). Nh iu ny m Cc ngn ng lp trnh.

Kin trc ca .NET Framework

M hnh bin dch v thc thi chng trnh ca ng dng .NET (1)


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M hnh bin dch v thc thi chng trnh ca ng dng .NET (2)

Mt ci nhn khc v m hnh bin dch v thc thi ng dng 1.1.3 Mt s u im chnh ca .NET framework Tt c cc ngn ng u tha hng mt th vin thng nht. Khi sa cha hay nng cp th vin ny th ch phi thc hin mt ln. Phong cch pht trin ng dng nht qun v tng t nhau gia cc ngn ng lp trnh. C th chuyn i sang ngn ng lp trnh .NET khc nhau mt cch d dng. Vit cc ng dng webform khng khc nhiu so vi ng dng winform. Cung cp mt tp th vin truy xut CSDL thng nht (ADO.NET) cho mi ngn ng .NET.


Ti liu kha hc lp trnh web vi ASP.NET Bin son: Nguyn Minh Qu H tr c ch Write one Run everywhere (Vit mt ln chy mi ni). Mt ng dng vit bng .NET c th chy trn bt c h iu hnh no m khng cn phi sa li code, min l my c ci .NET framework. Cung cp h thng kiu chung (Common Type), do vy m bo tnh thng nht v kiu d liu gia cc ngn ng lp trnh. Cho php s dng nhiu ngn ng lp trnh trong cng mt d n. Kt tha v s dng cho gia cc ngn ng lp trnh d dng nh trn cng mt ngn ng (C th vit mt class trn C#, sau k tha trong VB.NET v ngc li). Vic trin khai (Deploy) cc ng dng d dng. Ch cn Copy-and-run (copy l chy). Khng cn ci t v trnh c a ngc DLL nh trc y.

1.2. Gii thiu ASP.NETASP.NET l cng ngh pht trin cc ng dng trn nn web, th h k tip ca ASP (Active Server Page Trang web c x l bn pha my ch). ASP.NET l mt thnh phn ni ti (c sn) ca .NET Framework. V vy n tn dng c sc mnh ca .NET Framework. ASP.NET c mt s u im chnh: C th s dng pht trin cc ng dng web mi kch c, t ng dng nh nht cho n ng dng ton doanh nghip (Enterprise). ng dng vit bng ASP.NET d dng tng thch vi nhiu loi trnh duyt khc nhau. Nh pht trin khng cn phi quan tm nhiu n trnh duyt no c s dng duyt website, iu ny s c framework t render ra m tng ng. Khi s dng b IDE ca Visual Studio, cch thc lp trnh s ging ht nh lp trnh winform. Truy xut d liu bng cng ngh ADO.NET c sn ca .NET Framework. Chy ng dng cc nhanh bi c ch bin dch v Cached. C th tng tc ng dng bng cch Cache cc iu khin, cc trang. Bo mt vt tri. Tn t dng lnh hn so vi ASP/PHP/Perl khi thc hin cng mt cng vic. D dng bo tr v d c hn bi Code v Giao din c tch bit. iu ny cng gip cho tnh chuyn bit ha cao hn. (Mt ngi ch lo code phn x l nghip v, ngi khc th ch lo code phn giao din v.v). ASP s dng ngn ng lp trnh VB.NET hoc C# hoc c hai pht trin ng dng.

1.3. Ci t Visual Studio.NET 20081.3.1 Cc phin bn .NET Cho n thi im ny (2008), Visual studio .NET c cc phin bn: Visual Studio 2003, .NET Framework 1.1 Visual Studio 2005, .NET Framework 2.0 Visual Studio 2008, .NET Framework 3.5 1.3.2 Ci t Visual Studio.NET 2008 B Visual Studio.NET 2008 c ng gi trong mt a DVD (tng ng 8 a CD). Trong bao gm c b MSDN. Kch thc khong 4.5 GB.


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Ti liu kha hc lp trnh web vi ASP.NET Bin son: Nguyn Minh Qu Vic ci t v cng d dng, ch vic chy file Setup sau chn cc mc nh khi c hi. Tuy nhin, tit kim khng gian a th ch nn chn cc sn phm cn thit ci t.

1.4. Gii thiu mi trng tch hp (IDE) ca ASP.NET.Mt iu tht tuyt vi l Visual Studio s dng mt trnh IDE chung cho ton b ngn ng lp trnh (ASP.NET, VB.NET, C#,). iu ny m bo tnh nht qun cho cc ngn ng trn nn .NET, gip bn ch cn Hc mt ln nhng p dng mi ni.

Ca s giao din chnh ca mi trng pht trin tch hp. Trong : - Tab Design hin th trang web ch Design, tc l cho php sa cha ni dung trang web trc quan.

M trang ch Design


- Tab Source: M trang ch m ngun HTML. Ti y ngi dng c th son tho trc tip cc th HTML.

M trang ch Source - Tab Split: Cho php xem trang web ng thi c hai ch .

M trang ch kt hp, va xem code HTML va xem Design.

M ca s son Code (C#, VB.NET *** Ngoi thao tc trc tip thng qua h thng menu, nt lnh, ngi dng cn c th s dng t hp cc phm tt. (M menu bar v xem t hp phm tt bn cnh). V d: Shift+F7 xem ch Design, F7 xem ch Code, F4 Focus ti Properties.

Giao din ca h thng IDE.

1.5. To/lu/m/chy ng dng ASP.NET1.5.1 To mi C th vo menu File New Website hoc biu tng trn thanh cng c.

1.5.2 Lu ng dng Web - Nhn Ctrl-S lu trang hin ti - Nhn Ctrl-Shift-S lu ton b cc trang. 1.5.3 M (Chy) ng dng a) M ng dng web. Nhn t hp phm Alt-Shift-O Vo Menhu File, chn : Open Web Site C th m ng dng web theo mt trong cc cch nh sau:

M ng dng web t nhiu ngun. b) Chy ng dng web i vi ASP.NET, ton b ng dng web c th c bin dch thnh file nh phn chy nhanh hn. Tuy nhin ASP.NET cng cho php ngi dng chy tng trang ring bit. Nhn F5 (Hoc biu tng trn thanh cng c) chy ng dng v cho php Debug trn trnh duyt. Nhn Ctrl-F5 chy ng dng nhng khng cho Debug trn trnh duyt. Trong trng hp mun chy chng trnh v g ri mc dng lnh/ th tc th c th nhn F8, Shift-F8.

Ngi dng c th chy (Browse) trang web bt k bng cch chn, sau click chut phi v chn mc View In Browser (Hoc nhn t hp phm CtrlShift-W). Trong trng hp c nhiu trnh duyt trong my th c th chn trnh duyt mc nh khi View In Browser bng cch click chut phi ln trang v chn Browse With nh hnh bn.

Chn trnh duyt mc nh

1.6. C bn v CSS v DHTML.1.6.1 CSS i vi cc trang HTML trc y, vic nh dng (format) cc phn t thng c t theo c php dng, . y l cch nh dng c kh nhiu hn ch, rt kh c code cng nh kh bo tr. c bit khi xt n gc lp trnh. khc phc c nhng hn ch ny, hin nay ngi ta xut ra mt qui tc nh dng mi, l s dng CSS (Cascading Style Sheet bng nh kiu). CSS thc cht l mt tp cc qui tc format/ nh kiu (style) cho cc phn t c hin th v nh v trn trang web. Nh vo CSS m vic nh dng (kiu) cho cc phn t tr nn d dng v linh hot hn rt nhiu. Theo qui tc nh dng ca CSS th cc thuc tnh ca mt phn t no s c thit lp theo cch nht qun, dng: Thuc_Tnh: Gi_Tr; Thuc_Tnh:Gi_Tr; ..Danh sch y cc thuc tnh ny c th tra cu d dng trn Internet hoc chnh trnh son tho VS 2008 s t lit k trong khi chng ta son code. 1.6.2 DHTML Dynamic HTML (DHTML) l kh nng ca cc trang web c th thay i ni dung hin th v nh v ng ca cc phn t. Vi cc trang web tnh (Static web) th khi ni dung trang web c hin th ln trn trnh duyt th ngi dng khng c kh nng sa i ni dung cng nh thay i v tr ca cc phn t HTML. Cn i vi nhng trang web c s dng JavaScript v CSS th k c khi trang web hin th ri th vn c kh nng thay i ni dung (thm, sa, xa, thay i nh dng, v tr cc phn t). Trang web nh th c gi l trang web ng (pha client). Ch rng, trang web ng ny khc vi trang web ng (pha server) m phn sau chng ta s cp cc phn sau ca ti liu ny.

1.7. nh dng cc th s dng CSS1.7.1 nh dng mc dng (Inline) nh dng mc dng tc l vic nh dng cc phn t theo kiu CSS ngay trong nh ngha phn t. C php chung nh sau: trong : tt = thuc tnh; gt = gi tr V d: nh dng cho textbox di y c nn xanh, ch trng v vin .

1.7.2 nh dng bi b chn ID Khi mun cho mt lot cc phn t c cng thuc tnh ID ging nhau c nh dng nh sau th ngi ta nh ngha mt b chn ID. C php c dng: #Tn { Tn_Thuc_tnh: Gi_Tr; Tn_Thuc_tnh: Gi_Tr; Tn_Thuc_tnh: Gi_Tr; } V d: - nh ngha b chn tn l Chuong (Chng), c mu , c ch 20 v m.#Chuong { color:Red; font-size:20pt; font-weight:bold; }

- p dng: < P id = Chuong> y l mu , c ch 20pt v m < H1 id = Chuong> y cng l mu , c ch 20pt v m y th khng phi mu , v c thuc tnh ID Chuong. 1.7.3 nh dng bi b chn th (tag) Khi mun cho mt lot cc phn t cng loi c nh dng ging nhau m khng cn ID ging nhau th ngi nh ngha CSS kiu b chn: C php: Tn_Loi_Th { Tn_Thuc_tnh: Gi_Tr; Tn_Thuc_tnh: Gi_Tr; Tn_Thuc_tnh: Gi_Tr; }

V d y v B chn ID

V d v nh ngha b chn th 1.7.4 nh dng bi lp (Class) Cn mt cch nh ngha khc hay dng nht v linh hot nht l cch nh ngha lp, tng ch o l: Ta nh ngha sn mt lp cha cc nh dng v khi mun p dng nh dng cho phn t no n th ch vic gn lp ny cho phn t.

C php nh ngha lp nh sau: . { Tn_Thuc_Tnh: Gi_tr; Tn_Thuc_Tnh: Gi_tr; } Tn_Thuc_Tnh: Gi_tr;

V d: nh ngha 2 lp l NenXanh_ChuTrang v lp Lien_Ket. .NenXanh_ChuTrang { color: White; backgroundcolor:blue; } .Lien_Ket { cursor:hand; color:Blue; } V d s dng:

V d y v kt qu.

1.7.5 Vn t chc lu tr. Cc nh ngha v CSS c th c t ngay trong tp ngun nhng cng c th c t ring ra mt tp khc. Tp ny thng c ui m rng l style. Ni dung ca tp ch cha cc nh ngha CSS (Gm nh ngha b chn ID, b chn th v lp). V d v mt tp CSS v cch tham chiu (s dng) tp .

S dng

Ni dung tp CSS v cch s dng tp CSS trong file ngun.

1.8. Truy xut thuc tnh cc th HTML v CSS bng JavaScript1.8.1 Truy xut cc thuc tnh ca th Nhn chung, cc trnh duyt u t chc lu tr cc i tng theo cu trc phn cp, trong i tng window l i tng ln nht, n bao gm cc i tng con l Location, history, screen, event. C th thy r hn s phn cp ny trong hnh v sau y. T m hnh cc i tng ny, ta c th d dng bit cch truy xut ti cc phn t mong mun. Mt s cch khc dng truy xut ti cc phn t trong trang web l s dng cc phng thc document.GetElementById(ID_Ca_Phn_T) (ID t trong cp du ), document.GetElementsByName(Tn_Phn_t) hay document.all. V d: - truy xut n phn t c ID=txtHoVaTen, c th vit: document.GetElementById(txtHoVaTen) hoc document.all.txtHoVaTen - truy xut n thuc tnh value ca phn t c thuc tnh id = txtHoVaTen, ta vit: document.GetElementById(txtHoVaTen).value hoc document.all.txtHoVaTen.value.

- ly tt c cc phn t c cng gi tr name = chkMatHang, ta vit: document.getElementsByName("chkMatHang"), lnh ny s tr v mt mng cc phn t c gi tr l chkMatHang. - ly tt c cc th l input, ta vit: document.getElementsByTagName("input"), lnh ny cng tr v cho ta mt mng cc phn t. ** Ch : Khi kt qu tr v l mt mng th c th duyt bng vng lp, v d: var KetQua = document.getElementsByTagName("input"); var i; for (int i=0; i
a ch:

in thoi:

Bi 4: Hin th thng tin trch ngang v ngi dng trong bng tblUser, trong di mi ngi dng thm mt Hyperlink l "Xem chi tit" khi ngi dng click vo hyperlink ny th m trang UserDetail.aspx v hin th chi tit thng tin v ngi dng . Yu cu thm: Danh sch ny hin th lm 3 ct. Hng dn: hin th thng tin di dng ct, ta s dng iu khin DataList. Trong mi Hyperlink ta s to lin kt n trang UserDetail.aspx v truyn cho trang ny ID (trong trng hp ny l TenDangNhap) ca ngi dng tng ng. Da vo ID ny, trang UserDetail.aspx s c (dng Request.QueryString["TenNguoiDung"]) sau select thng tin ng vi ID v hin th. Minh ha: Danh sch cn b
Quyn hn :

Xem chi tit

Kt qu. Bi 4: Hin th danh sch ngi dng di dng ct v thc hin phn trang. Hng dn: thc hin to cc ct, c th s dng iu khin DataList, ngoi ra ta cn mt iu khin khc cng rt mnh cho php hin th di dng cc ct nhng c thm kh nng phn trang, l: ListView controls. Cc bc thc hin: B1. To ngun d liu SqlDataSource nh nhng bi trc. B2. To mt ListView v gn vi ngun d liu SqlDataSource (nh bi trc) B3. Cu hnh cho ListView (chn smart tag), sau click chn "Config ListView"

B4: Chn cc thng s nh hnh bn di. B5: M trang web. Lu : Chng ta hon ton c th thay i format ca ListView bng cc vo Source code editor sa. Mt cch phn trang khc l to mt DataPager v gn vo ListView, Khi ta ch cn t thuc tnh PagedControlID="ListView1". Cch ny c u im l phn trang cth t bt k v tr no trn mn hnh.

Kt qu hin th

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