attitude job satisfaction-

8/12/2019 attitude job satisfaction-

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ATTITUDE and JOB SATISFACTION

PRESENTED BY: DHEERAJ BHARDWAJ

CHETAN MISHRAMANISH PACHORI

ANKIT AGARWAL


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A SMALL TRUTH TO MAKE LIFE

100%


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Hard Work

H+A+R+D+W+O+R+K

8+1+18+4+23+15+18+11 = 98%

Knowledge

K+N+O+W+L+E+D+G+E

11+14+15+23+12+5+4+7+5 =96%


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Then what makes100% ?

Is it Money ? ... NO ! ! !

M+O+N+E+Y

13+15+14+5+25 = 72%

Leadership ? ... NO ! ! !

L+E+A+D+E+R+S+H+I+P

12+5+1+4+5+18+19+9+16 =89%


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Every problem has a solution,

only if we perhaps change our

attitude.

To go to the top,

to that 100%,

what we really need to go

further... a bit more...


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ATTITUDE

A+T+T+I+T+U+D+E

1+20+20+9+20+21+4+5 = 100%

It is OUR ATTITUDE towards

Life and Work that makes OURLife100%! ! !


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THE ICEBERGHOW MUCH DO YOU SEE OF AN

ICEBERG?


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THE ICEBERG

ONLY 10% OF ANYICEBERG IS VISIBLE.THE REMAINING90% IS BELOW SEA

LEVEL.


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THE ICEBERG

SEA LEVEL

10 %

90 %

VISIBLEABOVE SEA LEVEL

INVISIBLEBELOW SEA

LEVEL


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The Iceberg phenomena is alsoapplicable on human beings

THE ICEBERG


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THE ICEBERG

SEA LEVEL

KNOWLEDGE&

SKILLS

ATTITUDE

UNKNOWNTO OTHERS

KNOWNTO OTHERS


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In other words,

THE ICEBERG


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THE ICEBERG

SEA LEVEL

BEHAVIOR

VALUES STANDARDS JUDGMENTS

ATTITUDEMOTIVES ETHICS - BELIEFS

KNOWNTO OTHERS

UNKNOWNTO OTHERS


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ATTITUDE

Attitudes are understood as the beliefs ,

feelings and action tendencies of anindividual or group of individuals towardsobjects, ideas and people .


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Nature of attitude

1. Attitudes refer to feelings and beliefs of anindividual or group of people.

2. Attitudes endure , unless something happens.ex- if x is transferred to day shift , his attitudemay become positive.

3. Attitude are organized and are core to anindividual.

4. All people, irrespective of their status orintelligence, hold attitudes.5.Attitude are invisible as they constitute a

psychological phenomenon which cannot beobserved directly.


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COMPONENT OF ATTITIUDE

AFFECTIVE The feelings , sentiments , moods and emotions aboutsome idea, person, event or object.

COGNITIVE The beliefs , opinion , knowledge or information heldby the individual.

BEHAVIOURAL - The predispositions to get on a favorable orunfavorable evaluation of something.


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STIMULI

Work Related Factors

COGNITION My supervisor is unfair

Having a fair supervisor is

important to me

AFFECT I dont like my supervisor

BEHAVIOUR I am going to request atransfer

Managerial styleTechnologyNoisePeersReward SystemCareer Opportunities

Belief and values

Feelings andemotions

Intended behaviour


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Beliefs,

Knowledge&

Values

Feelings -

Positiveor

Negative

Predisposition to act

External Behavior

Information Emotional


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ATTITUDE

ADJUSTMENT EGO, DEFENSIVE

KNOWLEDGEVALUE

EXPRESSION

FUNCTIONS OF ATTITUDE


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1. Adjustment -Attitudes offen help people adjust to their workenvironment . When Employees are well treated , they are likely to develop

a positive attitude towards management and the organisation . Whenemployees are berated and paid poorly, they are likely to develop a negativeattitude towards the firms and its owners . These attitudes help employeesadjust to their environment and are a basis for future behaviour.

example- if employees who are well treated are asked about management

or the organization , they are likely to say good things , just the reverse maybe true for those berated and are poorly paid.

2. Ego-defence - People often form and maintain certain attitudes to protecttheir own self-images .

example-workers may feel threatened by the employment or advancementof minority or female workers in the organization . These threatenedworkers may develop prejudices against the new workers . They may developan attitude that such newcomers are less qualified and they might mistreatthese workers . Such an ego defensive attitude is formed and used to cope

with a feeling of guilt or threat .


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3.Value Expression The expressive function helps individual define theirself-concept, and facilitates the adoption of sub-culture values consideredimportant. For example teenagers may dress and behave in a certain wayin order to foster their status in a group.

The expressive function also helps individuals adopt andinternalize the values of a group they have recently joined and as a

consequence , they are better able to relate to the group. For example anindividual who has joined an ecology group may now express valuesmanifest in the purchase and use of a bicycle and the recycling of bottles .

4.Knowledge Attitude provide the standards or frames of reference bywhich an individual judge objectives or events, and attitudes that provide

consistency in our thinking are particularly relevant. It help us understandand predict how a certain person is likely to behave and it also help themanager to change the attitude of another person . For example he canchange people with low self-images by helping them increase their ability tosolve their problem, or by providing them with positive feedback on whatthey accomplish.


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1.Direct experience with object attitudes can develop from a personalityrewarding or punishing experience with an object. Employees from attitudes

about jobs on their previous experiences.example-if everyone who has held a job has been promoted within six

months, current job holders are likely to believe that they will also bepromoted within six month . Attitudes formed on experience are difficult tochange.

2. Classical conditioning One of the basic processes underlying attitudeformation can be explained on the basis of learning principles. Repetition ofanything help to learn attitude . The same classical conditioning processesthat made Pavlovs dogs salivate at the sound of a bell can explain how

attitudes are acquired.

3. Operant conditioning Attitude can be learned due to outcome,consequences, results. If result is positive than a person carry further hiscurrent attitude but if it is negative than he change his attitude.


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4. Vicarious learning- this refers to formation of attitude by observingbehaviour of others and consequences of that behaviour . It is throughvicarious learning processes that children pick up the prejudices of theirparents .

example-if they have never met a blind person, children whose parentssay that blind people are incompetent may adopt s.uch attitudesthemselves.

5. Family and peer groups A person may learn attitude throughimitation of parents. If parents have a positive attitude towards an objectand the child admires his parents, he is likely to adopt a similar attitude,even without having direct experience. Similarly attitude are acquired frompeer groups in colleges and organisations.

6. Neighbourhood- the neighbourhood we live in has a certain structure interms of its having cultural facilities , religious grouping and possibly ethnicdifferences .further it has people who are neighbours. Every theirneighbours.


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7. Economic status and occupations- our economic and occupationalposition also contribute to attitudes formation . They determine , in part,

our attitudes towards unions and management and our belief that certainlaws are good or bad . Our socio economic background influences ourpresent and future attitudes.

8. Mass communication All varieties of mass communications-television, radio, newspapers, and magazines feed their audience largequantities of information. The presentation of news or information isconstructed so as to cater to the attitude of the audience. In turn, theaudience select the specific form of mass communication that best reflects

its attitude on various subjects. The material we select helps us either tosubstantiate our opinions or to establish new ones.


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CHANGING ATTITUDE

Employee attitude need to be changed, particularly when they areunfavourable . It is in the best interest of the organization to change attitude.But changing attitude is a difficult task because of insufficient informationabout peoples attitude.

Attitude need to be changed at two fronts :

1. changing ones own attitude

2. changing employees attitude


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1. Changing Attitude of self The following hints can help the individualchange his or her attitude :

1. Be aware of ones attitude People who are optimistic have higher levelsof job satisfaction. The individual needs to maintain positive attitudeconsciously.

2. Think for self The individuals should develop his or her own attitudebased on others input.

3. Keep an open mind The individuals should listen to other peoples inputand use it to develop positive attitudes.

4. Get into continuous education programme.

5. Build a positive self esteem.

6. Stay away from negative influence, such as smoking, drugs, alcohol,

movies and television programs that build negative attitude.


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2. Changing Attitude of employees - The following hints can help amanager change attitudes of his or her employees :

1. Give feedback Employees to be told about their negative attitudes, ifany, and their harmful consequences. The manager need to offeralternative attitudes.

2. Accentuate positive conditions Employees tend to develop positive

attitudes towards the work they do well. Manager should make sure thatthe working conditions are pleasant and also that the employees have allthe resources and training to do a good job.

3. Positive role model If the manager has a positive attitude, employeesmay also have similar attitudes.

4. Providing new information New information will help changeattitudes. Negative attitudes are mainly formed owing to lack of orinsufficient information. Once they came to know how the managementcares for the welfare of the workers, they change their attitude and mightturn pro-management.


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5. Use of fear Fear can change attitude. If low levels of fear arousal areused, people often ignore them. If moderate level of fear arousal are used,

people often become aware of the situation and will change their attitudes.However, if high degrees of fear arousal are used, people often reject themessage, because it is too threatening and thus not believable. So moderatelevel of fear may helpful in changing attitude of employees.

6. Influence of friends or peers Change of attitude can come about

through persuasion of friends or peers. Credibility of the others, speciallypeers, is important to effect change. Peers with high credibility shall exercisesignificant influence on change. The same is not true with peers who havelow credibility.

7. The co-opting approach Co-opting is another way of changingattitude. This means taking who are dissatisfied with a situation and gettingthem involved in improving things.

8. Others Individual is more likely to change a privately held attitude thanone he has stated publicly. It is, therefore, necessary that a situation isavoided where the individual makes his attitude public prior to the changeattempt.


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CHANGING ATTITUDE

CHANGING ATTITUDE OF EMPLOYEES

Give Feedback, Providing new information Forced contact

Accentuate positive use of fear Co-opting strategyConditions,Positive influence of friends Not making the stand

role model or peers public


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JOB SATISFACTION


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JOB SATISFACTIONTHE TERM JOB SATISFACTION A POSITIVE

FEELING ABOUT ONES JOBRESULTING FROM AN EVALUATION OF ITSCHARACTERISTICS.

IT MEANS A PERSON WITH A HIGH LEVELOF JOB SATISFACTION HOLDS POSITIVEFEELINGS ABOUT THE JOB WHILE OTHERPERSON HAVE DISSATISFACTION HOLDSNEGATIVE FEELINGS ABOUT THE JOB.


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RELATED ELEMENTS OF JOB SATISFACTION

SOCIALLIFE FAMILY

JOB

POLITICS LEISUREELIGION

RELISION


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SOURCES OF JOB SATISFACTION

JOBSATISFAC

TION

WAGES

PROMOTION

SUPERVISION

WORKINGCONDITION

WORKING GROUP


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Wages -IT IS MOST LEVEL OF JOB SATISFACTION.ANY ORGANISATION PAY OF SALARY TO HIS WORKERACCORDING TO TIME OR NOT

IN SALARY THE COMPANY IS PROVIDING OTHER CHARGES ORNOT MANY OF ORGANISATION PAY INCENTIVES,TRANSPORTATION CHARGES

EPLOYEE HAVE MANY OF NEEDS, FOR FULL FILL OF THESENEEDS HE WANT SALARY ON TIME AND WITH ADD CHARGES

WORKING CONDITION-WC SHOULD BE BETER FOREMPLOYEE IN AN ORGANISATON

IT INCLUDES MANY OF INTERNAL FACILITIES,OFFICEENVIRONMENT IS COMFORTABLE OR NOT,SAFTY OF

WORKERS


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WORK GROUP-SATISFACTION ALSO DEPAND ON GROUP IN DECISION MAKING,PLANNING GROUP PERFORMANCE IS

MOST IMPORTANT

IF ANY OF CONFLICTION PRESENT IN GROUP THANDISSATISFACTION WILL APPEAR BN EMPLOYEES AND GROUPJOB AND PRODUCTIVITY WILL DECREASE

SUPERVISION-IT RELATS TO AUTHORITY ANDBEHAVIOUR OF MANAGER

IF BEHAVE IS GOOD THAN EMPLOYEE UNDERSTANDRESPONSIBILITY OF WORK

IF HE USE HARD AND WRONG MANNER THAN EMPLOYEESSHOW DISSATISFACTION OF JOB

PROMOTION-


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PORTER LAWLER MODAL

SATISFACTION PERFORMANCEINTRINSIC

REWARD

PERFORMANCE SATISFACTION

EXTRINSICREWARD


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attitude job satisfaction-