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ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 11
Welcome!Welcome!ATM OCN 100:ATM OCN 100:
WEATHER & CLIMATEWEATHER & CLIMATE Lecture # 01: Lecture # 01: Summer 2004Summer 2004
LECTURE IA: INTRODUCTIONLECTURE IA: INTRODUCTION– 3 credit science class3 credit science class
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 22
A. COURSE INTRODUCTIONA. COURSE INTRODUCTION
YOUR INSTRUCTORYOUR INSTRUCTOR
– Ed HopkinsEd HopkinsOffice: Rm. 1407 Meteor & Space Science Office: Rm. 1407 Meteor & Space Science (1225 W. Dayton St.) (1225 W. Dayton St.)
– (608/262-1605)(608/262-1605)
– [email protected]@meteor.wisc.edu HIS INTERESTSHIS INTERESTS
– Weather EducationWeather Education– Wisconsin State ClimatologyWisconsin State Climatology
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 33
WHERE WE AREWHERE WE ARE
COURSE WEB PAGECOURSE WEB PAGE http://www.aos.wisc.edu/~hopkins/aos100/http://www.aos.wisc.edu/~hopkins/aos100/
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 44
A Request from the A Request from the Department ChairDepartment Chair
No Food or Drinks Please!!!No Food or Drinks Please!!! Watch out for the carpet.Watch out for the carpet. Thanks!Thanks! ------ Also:Also: Women’s rest room on this floorWomen’s rest room on this floor Men’s rest room on 9Men’s rest room on 9thth floor floor Vending machines on 5Vending machines on 5thth floor floor
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 66
A. COURSE INTRODUCTION A. COURSE INTRODUCTION (con’t.)(con’t.) PrerequisitesPrerequisites LecturesLectures
– 4 Lectures/week (75 min. each)4 Lectures/week (75 min. each)– ATTENDANCE ATTENDANCE HIGHLYHIGHLY RECOMMENDED RECOMMENDED
HomeworkHomework (5 (5 oror 7 exercises) 7 exercises) ExamsExams
– 11stst oror 3 3rdrd wk. wk. Thurs. 1 July 2004Thurs. 1 July 2004– 22ndnd oror 66thth wk. wk. Thurs. 22 July 2004Thurs. 22 July 2004– 33rdrd oror 8 8thth wk. wk. Thurs. 5 Aug 2004Thurs. 5 Aug 2004
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 77
A. COURSE INTRODUCTION A. COURSE INTRODUCTION (con’t.)(con’t.)
Textbook – Textbook – Moran Moran (2(2ndnd ed., 2002) ed., 2002)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 88
A. COURSE INTRODUCTION A. COURSE INTRODUCTION (con’t.)(con’t.) COURSE OBJECTIVESCOURSE OBJECTIVES
InterpretInterpret TV TV oror newspaper newspaper weather mapsweather maps.. Explain Explain selected fundamental selected fundamental terminologyterminology.. IdentifyIdentify conceptual models. conceptual models. MakeMake simple, short term weather simple, short term weather forecastsforecasts.. Explain reasons Explain reasons for atmospheric motions.for atmospheric motions. DistinguishDistinguish various severe weather phenomena various severe weather phenomena
& appropriate NWS advisories, watches & & appropriate NWS advisories, watches & warnings.warnings.
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 99
COURSE OBJECTIVESCOURSE OBJECTIVES (con’t)(con’t)
IdentifyIdentify various weather instruments. various weather instruments. Locate Locate usefuluseful sources of weather & sources of weather &
climate information.climate information. Appreciate Appreciate challengeschallenges facing atmospheric facing atmospheric
scientists.scientists. Explain Explain why Planet Earth is unique.why Planet Earth is unique. TraceTrace energy flow through planet system. energy flow through planet system. Distinguish Distinguish characteristic sizes of characteristic sizes of
atmospheric systemsatmospheric systems..
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 1010
Public Sources of Weather Public Sources of Weather InformationInformation
TelevisionTelevision– Local Commerical ChannelsLocal Commerical Channels– The The Weather Channel Weather Channel – Other Cable ChannelsOther Cable Channels
RadioRadio– Local AM/FMLocal AM/FM– NOAA Weather RadioNOAA Weather Radio
NewspapersNewspapers– Local & Local & USA TodayUSA Today
The InternetThe Internet
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 1111
B. WHAT IS METEOROLOGY?B. WHAT IS METEOROLOGY?
Derivation of Key WordsDerivation of Key Words
– Meteorology Meteorology ““Meteor” Meteor” + + “ology”“ology”
–WeatherWeather ( (“weder”“weder”))–ClimateClimate ( (“klima”“klima”) )
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 1212
B. WHAT IS METEOROLOGY?B. WHAT IS METEOROLOGY?
Derivation of Key WordsDerivation of Key Words
– Meteorology Meteorology ““Meteor” Meteor” + + “ology”“ology”
–WeatherWeather ( (“weder”“weder”))–ClimateClimate ( (“klima”“klima”) )
Present Scope of Meteorology & Present Scope of Meteorology &
Atmospheric SciencesAtmospheric Sciences
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 1313
COMPARISONS BETWEEN WEATHER COMPARISONS BETWEEN WEATHER & CLIMATE& CLIMATE
WeatherWeather– Current Weather Observational DataCurrent Weather Observational Data
– Weather MapsWeather Maps
– Weather ForecastsWeather Forecasts
MADISON’S CURRENT WEATHERMADISON’S CURRENT WEATHERMadison Weather at 1000 AM CDT MON JUN 14 2004 Updated twice an hour at :05 and :25
Sky/WeatherSky/Weather LGT RAIN LGT RAIN TemperatureTemperature 69 69Dew PointDew Point 65 65Relative Humidity 86%Relative Humidity 86%Wind S9Wind S9
Pressure 1010.5 mbPressure 1010.5 mb
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 1515
TODAY’S NATIONAL WEATHERTODAY’S NATIONAL WEATHER
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 1616
TOMORROW’S NATIONAL WEATHERTOMORROW’S NATIONAL WEATHER
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 1717
COMPARISONS BETWEEN WEATHER COMPARISONS BETWEEN WEATHER & CLIMATE& CLIMATE
WeatherWeather
– Current Weather Observational DataCurrent Weather Observational Data– Weather MapsWeather Maps– Weather ForecastsWeather Forecasts
Climate Climate
– Long-term statisticsLong-term statistics– Climate maps & chartsClimate maps & charts– Long Range Forecasts/OutlooksLong Range Forecasts/Outlooks
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 1818
SummerSummerSolstice on 21 JuneSolstice on 21 June
Highest average temperaturesHighest average temperaturesIn mid JulyIn mid July
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 1919
Anomaly = actual current T - long term average TAnomaly = actual current T - long term average T
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 2020
Drought ProblemsDrought Problems
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 2121
A Sample Climate Outlook (Forecast)A Sample Climate Outlook (Forecast)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 2222
““The Day After Tomorrow”The Day After Tomorrow”
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 2323
Chamberlin Rock – Chamberlin Rock – A reminder of a past climate ...A reminder of a past climate ...
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 2424
The Region at 14,000 yr BPThe Region at 14,000 yr BP(from Illinois State Museum)(from Illinois State Museum)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 2828
C. THE HUMAN FACTOR C. THE HUMAN FACTOR (from NWS Office of Climate, Water & Weather Services)(from NWS Office of Climate, Water & Weather Services)
531 Total531 Total
$10.0813 Billion$10.0813 Billion
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 2929
Expensive Expensive Weather & Weather &
Climate Climate Events Events
(Source: NCDC)(Source: NCDC)
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 3030
104 years ago in Galveston, TX104 years ago in Galveston, TXFrom National Climate Data CenterFrom National Climate Data Center8-9 Sept 1900 - > 6000 people killed8-9 Sept 1900 - > 6000 people killed
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 3131
D. GOALS OF METEOROLOGYD. GOALS OF METEOROLOGY
ObservationObservation CodificationCodification ExplanationExplanation PredictionPrediction AdaptationAdaptation ModificationModification
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 3232
E. CHARACTERISTICS of E. CHARACTERISTICS of METEOROLOGYMETEOROLOGY
International Scope International Scope – ““Weather knows no boundaries”Weather knows no boundaries”– World Meteorological OrganizationWorld Meteorological Organization
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 3333
Current Satellite CompositeCurrent Satellite Composite FromFrom Space Science & Engineering CenterSpace Science & Engineering Center
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 3434
E. CHARACTERISTICS of E. CHARACTERISTICS of METEOROLOGYMETEOROLOGY
International ScopeInternational Scope A Physical ScienceA Physical Science InterdisciplinaryInterdisciplinary
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 3535
F. MODELS in METEOROLOGYF. MODELS in METEOROLOGY
What is a model?What is a model?– A representation of realityA representation of reality
Types of ModelsTypes of Models– PhysicalPhysical– GraphicalGraphical– NumericalNumerical– ConceptualConceptual
Role of Models in MeteorologyRole of Models in Meteorology
ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004ATM OCN 100 Summer 2004 3636
G. BRIEF HISTORY OF G. BRIEF HISTORY OF METEOROLOGY & CLIMATOLOGYMETEOROLOGY & CLIMATOLOGY
See Appendix I I pg. 361-366 Moran (2002)See Appendix I I pg. 361-366 Moran (2002) Ancient - Weather LoreAncient - Weather Lore Classic Greek MeteorologyClassic Greek Meteorology
– Aristotle (350 B.C.)Aristotle (350 B.C.) Renaissance MeteorologyRenaissance Meteorology Meteorology in the Meteorology in the
Scientific & Industrial Revolutions Scientific & Industrial Revolutions Organized weather observationsOrganized weather observations Our concept of stormsOur concept of storms New tools & modelsNew tools & models