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7/23/2019 Anthropological study of village Arore
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AROREA HISTORICAL VILLAGE OF INDUSVALLEY
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Contents
Chapter# 01
1.1 Purpose of Research
1.2 Statement of Problem
1.3 Objective of the Study
1.4 Introduction
1. !istory
1." !istorical #isastor
1.$ %ror& Rohri& Su''ur
1.( Si)ni*cance of the Study
1.+ Research ,ethodolo)y
1.+.1 Raport -stablishment
1.+.2 Participant observation
1.+.3 ocus /roup #iscussion
1.+.4 0ensus Survey orm
1.+. ey Informatn
1.+." Intervies
1.+.$ nstructred Intervie
1.+.( In #epth Intervies
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1.+.+ he 0ase Study
1.15 6on 7erbal ,echanical %ids
1.15.1 0amera and Photo)raphy
1.15.2 ield 6otes
1.15.3 #aily #iary
1.15.4 #ata %nalysis
1.11 Revie of the 8iterature
1.12 8ocale
Chapter# 02
2.1 Introduction
2.2 !istory of 7illa)e %rore
2.3 !istorical #isastor
2.4 amily System
2. 0aste System
2." 8an)ua)es
2.$ acilities
2.$.1 -lectricity
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2.$.2 Sui /as
2.$.3 Roads
2.$.40ommunication
2.$. ,edical acilities
2.( #iseases& illness and reatment ,ethods
2.+ Political System of the villa)e
2.+.1 Political 9ac')round of the villa)e
2.+.2 Political Structure
2.+.3 :ud)ment
2.15 he ays of interaction
2.11 ,anners of %polo)y
2.12 !ouse Structure
2.13 Physical eatures
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!rpose
he basic purpose of this research is to submit thesis of%nthropolo)y department of Sindh niversity :amshoro& and other
purpose is mentioned belo
• o *nd the historical bac')round of villa)e %rore& aul'a
Rohri& #ist. Su''ur Sindh Pa'istan.
• o 'no the life style of the people livin) there.
• o 'no that hy this villa)e is famous.
• o 'no the 8ocal 0ulture of the villa)e
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STATE"ENT OF ROLE"
here is less or' done re)ardin) culture of rural sindh in
anthroplo)ical prespe& so there is an e;ort in this or' hich studies
culture of one villa)e in systematic ay. he cultural problems people
face in villa)es are presented in this study.
O$%e&t'(es)
1. o record the history of the villa)e
2. o document the belief& rites and rituals of the community
3. o *nd out educational pull and push factors
4. -<plore the -conomic system
. -cplore the political structure of the villa)e.
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INTRODUCTION
Arore *A+ore* Aror
Prior to the invasion by the %rabs in %# $13& Sindh as ruled by a !indu
dynasty hose 0apital as at %rore =or %lor& %rore& %l Rur>& a lar)e city on
the ban's of the Indus& also 'non as the ,ehran. he boundaries of this
'in)dom e<tended up to ashmir in the north& ,e'ran in the south& and
andhar in the est. Prior to this Rai Siharas =%# 1?5> as the best?
'non 'in) of this dynasty. he Persian army attac'ed Sindh in %# "2"&
durin) the rei)n of Rai Siharas II& defeatin) his forces. he 'in) as 'illed but
the Persians ere recalled because of an attac' from the est on their
domains. !is successor& Rai Sahasi& as a )ood and ise rule.%bout *ve
miles south?east of Rohri and close to the -astern 6ara supply canal is the
small villa)e of %rore& %ror or %lore& comprisin) a fe hundred inhabitants. It
stands upon part of hat as the capital of Sindh more than a thousand
years a)o. In the description of ancient %lore )iven in the 0hach 6amah& e
are told that it as a ton adorned ith various 'inds of royal buildin)s&
villas& )ardens& fountains& streams& meados& and trees and as situated on
the ban' of the River ,ehran. In this beautiful and splendid city& there lived a
'in) hose name as Sahiras& son of Sahasi Rai. his 'in) had innumerable
riches and thin'in) as ell?'non in the orld. he limits of his dominions
e<tended east to the boundary of ashmir& est to ,a'ran& to the south to
the sea?coast and #ebal& and to the appointed four )overnors =,ali's> in his
'in)dom.In the rei)n of :am ateh han =%# 1412@13?2(> =predecessor of :am
u)hlaA Shah& son of Si'ander>& %lore as a par)anah )iven to one Syed%bdul /hias. %t the time of the conAuest of Sindh by the %rabs under
,uhammad 9in Basim in %# $11& %lore as the capital of Sindh and the
residence of in) #ahir. he %rabs made their capital at ,ansurah& and %lore
e<isted for more than to centuries as a !indu ton. It then disappeared.
he le)end of in) #alurai of 9rahmanabad )ives an account of its fate. he
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bric's of the ancient fort of %lore ere utiliCed in repairin) the fort alls of
9u''ur hen Shah 9e) %r)hun decided to ma'e 9u''ur his capital.%t a short
distance belo the
hill to the south?
est of the villa)e
Persian inscription
of ,ir ,uhammad
,asoom dated
%!155( =%#1++>
as set up in the
dried?up bed of the
river to mar' its
ancient course. his
stone has been
removed and lod)ed
in ,oen jo daro
,useum for safe?
'eepin) =a similar stone has been set up by this riter at the same place>.
here are also the tombs of to Syeds. Sha'er /anj Shah and hatal ud
#in=or Butb Shah>D the former is said to have been a contemporary and
friend of 8al ShahbaC Balandar& hose tomb is at Sehan. here is an annual
fair in his honour. here is also a fair held annually in September in honour of
al'a ,ata hich is attended by !indus. 6othin) is 'non of the ori)in of the
fair and& save for the insi)ni*cant little villa)e& the site is no a ilderness.
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-ducationE
There is a better education system at Union Council Arore as compare to surrounding
villages, There are Four Government Schools (Primary School, Middle School, Girls School,
and Girls art and Design School and One Private School (Muhammad !in "asim Public
School as #ell$
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Girls education is also given priority there, Girls can study #ith their #ill, Parents encourage
their daughters to go to School and get education %or their bright %uture$
&ach year the literacy rate is also increasing, so this is the evidence to sho# the Good &ducation
system o% 'illage Arore$
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Caste an, Fa-'+. S.ste-
n 'illage arore there are so many %amilies having di%%erent caste and language living, but
the good thing is that they all live #ith peace and unity #ith each other$
The populous caste living there is Buriro, but the most in%luential caste there is Banga, Memon,
Syed, Bhatti, Sirohi and Chandia.
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Lan/!a/es)There are so many S#eet languages o% Pa)istan are spo)en at Arore$ i$e,
Sindhi, Sirai)i, !alochi, Pan*abi, Urdu$ The most common language is Sindhi, all
people spea) Sindhi +aguage$
Fest'(a+s)There are so many %estivals are organied at 'illage Arore, %or the entertainment
puropose, e$g Kalkan jo Mailo, Shah Shakar Ganj Jo Mailo, Rohal Fakeer jo Mailo, Peer
Badal Sher jo Mailo, Noor Shah Bhit Jo Mailo and others$
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OULATION)
Around -.,... people are living in Union Council Arore$ The most Populous caste is
Buriro, Syed, Shaikh, Sirohi, khakheli, Balo!h, "rain, Memon and Banga.
SORTS)There many sports games are played in 'illage Arore, li)e, Cri!ket, #olley Ball, Kodi
Kodi, Malh, Bull Ra!e, Kukur Mel, Chidda Rand, $aa Rand.
There are so many %estivals are organied at Arore, in these %estivals, Kodi Kodi, Malh
Malakhro and other sports games are played$
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E&ono-'& S.ste-)
As the &conomy is the
bac)bone o% the county, li)e the
same #ay Arore is also contributing
in economy o% Pa)istan$
The ma*or contribution is
%rom the Date Palm !usiness, and
/ill cutting and supply in other
cities o% Sindh and Pa)istan$
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A/r'&!+t!re o ('++a/e arore)
As Agriculture is the ma*or sector o% Pa)istan, li)e the same #ay in Arore there is much
contribution o% Agriculture$
The ma*or Crops are %ate Palm, &heat, Banana, Ri!e, Cotton, Sugar !ane and others$
H'stor.
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%ror is the ancestral ton of the %rora caste. %ccordin) to the 9havishya
Purana& Parshuram attac'ed the shatriyas but eventually met one ho
refused to oppose the 9rahmins. his caused Parshuram to )ain
respect for him and as a result Parshuram as'ed this
shatriya to settle in Sind& in
%ror'ot. his shatriyaFs
descendants ere named after
the place
%rab historians used the ords %l?
rur& %l?ruhr and %l Ror to describe
%ror.GH he basic meanin) bein)he Ror as F%lF is simply
the -n)lish ord FheF in
%rabic. %ror as the
ancient capital of
Sindh& ori)inally
ruled by the Ror #ynasty& hich as folloed by Rai #ynasty and then the
9rahman #ynasty. ,odern Rohri is no situated close to Su''ur& Sindh. In
$11& %ror as captured by the army of ,uslim )eneral ,uhammad bin
Basim. In +"2 it as hit by a massive earthAua'e that chan)ed the course of
the Indus RiverG"H
%s %le<ander approached the vicinity of present?day Su''ur& he as much
impressed by the fertility of the land. his as Jthe richest GcountryH in
IndiaK& his historian %rrian tells us. earin) for the safety of his life and
'in)dom& in) ,usicanus made an overture for peace& resultantly retainin)
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the throne ith %le<ander enterin) the city as )uest rather than victor. he
conAueror& %rrian asserts& as all admiration for the country and capital city
and ordered for its citadel to be stren)thened so that a /ree' )arrison could
be left behind to 'eep atch on nei)hbourin) tribes.
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HISTORICAL DISASTOR
%nother /ree' historian ould have us believe that the land as so rich and
fertile and its produce so healthful and abundant that people ordinarily lived
to a)es ell beyond 155 years. hou)h such lon)evity is doubtful& the
fertility of the
land is believableE
e 'no from
9ritish travellers
of the early 1+th
century that
durin) summer
Loods& the Indus
in this vicinity
spread from its
bed over 35
'ilometres
beteen Su''urand Rohri all the
ay up to
Shi'arpur and 8ar'ana.
6aturally& hen the alluvium?rich ater receded& it left behind vast&
e<tremely fertile farmland that led to the cityMs prosperity. he ae
notithstandin)& %le<anderMs historians did not leave a name of the capital
city or its district. Ne had to ait 1555 years to hear it from the %rabs. Nhen
they arrived in Rore& the second rM bein) palatal& they called it %l?Rore&
accordin) to their usa)e. orever after& the name of this )reat city of Sindh
remained %ror.
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0hachnama& a 13th century history of the %rab conAuest of Sindh based on
an earlier account& a<es lyrical about %rorE JIt as a ton adorned ith
various 'inds of royal buildin)s& villas& )ardens& fountains& streams& meados
and trees and as situated on the ban's of a river called the ,ehran
GIndusH.K Surrounded by a defensive all& %ror occupied the Lat hilltop.
9elo& alon) the riverban'& stretchin) in both directions ere farmlands&
pleasure )ardens and the houses of the elite. -ven in the (th century& hen
the ori)inal version as ritten& the boo' told us of the ealth beyond
measure oned by this onderful country.
8i'e %le<ander& the %rabs too did not attempt to lay this ma)ni*cent city lo.
or three decades after the conAuest& they loved and cherished it and
maintained its status as the capital city of Sindh& addin) to it in their on
fashion. 9ut in the year $44& the %rabs moved the capital south to another
ancient ton. 6evertheless& %ror as not abandoned and became the seat of
the )overnor of pper Sindh.
6ature did not permit this to last very lon)& unfortunately. In about the year
+"5& a cataclysmic earthAua'e altered the course of the river. Of a sudden&
the Indus left its bed belo %ror and be)an Loin) some si< 'ilometres to
the est. 9ereft of its ater& %rorMs fountains ceased to play& its streams ran
dry and )ardens ithered aay. Nith its only ater for domestic use )one&
the city as soon abandoned by its inhabitants and passed out of human
memory. Only its name as retained by a nondescript little villa)e that )re
in its stead& a far and modest cry from the )lorious ori)inal.
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AROR* ROHRI* SUUR
Some maintain that Rohri too' its name ith the diminutive endin) for %ror&
for that is the place to hich repaired the population of the abandoned city.
9ut e 'no that over the ne<t several centuries after it as abandoned& the
bric's of %ror ere bein) freely plundered and used as buildin) material by
the citiCens of Rohri and nearby villa)es. In fact& as modern tourists re)ard
the no erodin) ramparts of 9ha''ar ort on the island beteen Su''ur and
Rohri& fe 'no that its 'iln?*red bric's& brou)ht in the 125s& ere once
part of %rorMs buildin)s.
HO AND HEN AROR AS RECOGNI3ED)
Of all ancient lost cities& %ror as perhaps the easiest to identify. In 1(3$&
e<plorer :ohn Nood reco)niCed it and made a passin) reference. 9ut it as
!enry 0ousens& architectural historian and antiAuarian& ho rote in 1+24&J%bout *ve miles south by east of Rohri ... is the present small villa)e of %lor
or %ror& of a fe hundred inhabitants& hich stands upon part of the site of
the old capital of Sind of more than a thousand years a)o.K
ime as hen the hill on hich the ruins of once?celebrated %ror stood as
liberally scattered ith shards of blue?)reen )laCed pottery from the %rab
period& *red bric's and millions of stone tools from more than 155 millennia
earlier. Over time& enthusiastic visitors scaven)ed hat they found. 9ut even
as these unittin) plunderers despoiled this rich historical site& no or)aniCed
e<cavation and study as carried out. oday& the indsept hilltop of
bleached hite limestone is littered only ith millions of shattered bric's but
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rarely ith any pottery favoured by the %rabs.
he site is unmista'ableE the Lat?topped hill ith its bro'en bric's and belo
it to the south the old bed of the Indus mar'ed by a ide sathe of
e<ceptionally fertile land cau)ht beteen to lines of limestone hills. %nd the
le)end related even today is true to formE the pious man of /od and his
youn) dau)hter sailin) don the river are reported to the evil 'in) of %ror.
!e plans to intercept the boat as it passes belo the ramparts of his forti*ed
city and ma'e the beautiful youn) oman part of his harem.
he plot becomes 'non to the holy man. !e prays for deliverance and&
miraculously& the river shifts course. %ror is abandoned and the boat bearin)
father and dau)hter passes safely beyond the 'in)Ms evil reach.
RUINS AT AROR) oday& %ror has only to ruinsE the )ateay and mehrab of the mosAue built
by the %rabs in the (th century and a sin)le bric' all that as once part of
an 1(th?century mosAue that *nally collapsed in the rainstorms of 2511.
Other than that& the secrets of %ror lie deep beneath for the time bein)& at
least. So they ill remain until a dedicated e;ort is made to learn more of
the -den of Sindh that so daCCled the /ree's and %rabs.
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AROR IS
ONE OF THE
FA"OUS
LAN"ARS
OF INDUSVALLEY)
Interior Sindh is better 'non for its fertile Indus basin and sand dunes on
the eastern border ith India. 9ut there is a ran)e of hills hich in a ay
se)re)ate both re)ions. hese limestone formations can be found in Rohri
and hairpur districts& thou)h these are inhabited scarcely & there are
freAuent tourists visitin) a fe famous landmar's& hich include shrines&
temples and the famous ot #iji fort located in hairpur.
hese hills ere not as barren alays& youFll *nd traces of old river channels
most notably fe 'ilometers east of Rohri& here the city of %ror once stood
ith its pomp and )lory. It as the seat of poer hen ,uhammad 9in
Basim conAuered Sindh.
ALAN DEVI "ANDAR
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!oever it as destroyed by a poerful earthAua'e in +"2 %# and it is
believed that the same earthAua'e chan)ed the course of Indus& shiftin) the
fortunes of the area once and for all.
he survivin) structures ere lost one by one and only fe arches of a
mosAue& believed to be built on the orders of ,uhammad bin Basim& stand
as testimony of the by)one era.
!avin) said that& there are places hich one should not miss in the
abandoned city of %ror. he *rst and foremost bein) the temple of al'aan
#evi in a natural cave.
al'aan #evi ,andir& is one of the holiest shrines for !indus in Pa'istan.
%ccordin) to the le)end al'aan #evi appeared here durin) her !in)laj
yatra.
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"UHA""AD IN 4ASI" ULIC SCHOOL
his can be accessed via Rohri bypass. rom J,uhammad bin Basim Public SchoolK in
%ror& you need to turn left and drive for to or three 'ms before you *nd the road endin)
at the temple. -ven on a or'in) day you ill *nd families visitin) the temple.
HINDU FESTIVALS AT AROR),any rooms have been built around the ori)inal temple in the cave& some for
prayin) and others for accommodatin) visitors ho Loc' in thousands at the
time of !indu festivals.
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rom one of the room is the entrance to the cave hich is hardly *ve to si<
feet hi)h. he Loor is tiled but you need to atch your head. here are to
tunnels hich accordin) to the careta'er connect the cave ith the temple in
!in)laj. Ne loo'ed inside into the hole hich could barely *t a person.
he smell and the smo'e of a)arbatis =incense>& created a mystic aura
around the area. he priest as sittin) on a stone platform and there it asD
the idol of the *erce al'aan #evi ith a da))er in one hand and a chopped
head in the other.
Past the priest you can see a second tunnel. ,ove ahead and you ill enter
the Samdhi. Ne sat there ith the priest for a cup of tea hich as ay too
seet for ton bred people.
A "OS4UE UILT AT "OUND)
5CONSTRUCTED ON THE ORDER OF "UHA""AD IN
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4ASI"6
%t a fe minuteMs drive from the temple& there are the remnants of
the mosAue built on a mound. It as constructed on theorders of ,uhammad 9in Basim
as si)n of his authority after
defeatin) Raja #ahirMs son.
Sadly only fe arches have
survived but to our surprise&
there ere fe prayin) mats
and a spea'er installed at the top&
indicatin) that the
mosAue is very muchactive.
here is a small structure built on the top hich probably serves as a
mosAue. he vie from the top is breathta'in)& loo'in) into the emptiness of
%ror on one hand and verdant )reen *elds fueled by the panacean ater of
Indus on the other side. he place could be a )reat campin) site but the fear
remains on unstable security situation in the area and people prefer to )o
bac' before the sunset. his area has seen a lot of conLict in past and itcontinues into the present.
Ne sat there in silence& hearin) the stories hispered by the faint ind into
the vastness of %ror landscape. It as Auiet and all e could hear as the
tin'lin) bells of herd )oin) bac' to their farms in distance. Ne could see the
dim Lic'erin) li)ht of the lamps hich ere lit as soon as the sun set in the
est. I remembered a friend tellin) me that one only *nds loneliness in cities
and not the solitude. 6o onder a lot of saints pic'ed up various spots in thislandscape as their eternal abodes.
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Rohr'
Rohri (Sindhi: 7رو ), (Urdu: ی رو ), (medievally Aror ) is a town of Sukkur
District, Sindh province, Pakistan. t is located at !"#$%&'% '#*$&%+, !- on the east ank of
the ndus /iver . /ohri town is the administrative head0uarters of /ohri 1aluka, a tehsil ofSukkur District2- with which it forms a metropolitan area.
Rohri city that has one hundred and *fteen
thousand
0ohri city that has one hundred and %i%teen thousand saints and canonises is one o% the ancient
city in Sindh$ &arly ages it is called 'ohri to be subse1uently changed Rohri %ound details in
Sindh Gaette$ The city is situated near ndus 0iver$ 0eligious Moh Mubara) hair o(
Beard o% )a*rat Mohammad +P.B..)-to get a huge importance and honored is placed in &ar
Muarak near /ndu Ri0er as #ell$ )a*rat /mam )uain a. taoot is )no#n as 2arbala
Moallah 3oh dhaal (1 Shield #as placed in Iraqmosque in early ages and subse1uently to be
placed in Karala moallah and is mourned in 4th night inRohri city %rom Karabala moallah
domain$ Secondly #ish to give you more in%ormation about 0ohri city that the Temple
o% )a*rat "li a. and )eep open %or %ollo#ers to do ziarat and is mourned on 5-st 0amadan$
/ere is temple o% )a*arat /mam "li a. to be very important place #here %ollo#ers come %or
spiritual and religious %aith, )no#n as Naja( temple but as taboot and imam barga %ounder Syed
6a#ar /ussain 0ivi tells its real name "*akhana e Naja(i %rom #here taboot e Ali a$s to be
appeared on 5-st 0amadan$ A number o% historical mos1ues and to#ns are in the city$ The capital
o% 0ohri #hose old name"lhor and no# )no#n as "ror that is appeared on map o% Sindh
having saved its rest o% territory stated a bit %ar %rom 0ohri$ There is one more point can be
visited is )no#n as Sateean *o astaan (seven sisters and most o% very %amous and attracted
bridge named +ansdo#n bridge Rohri Pul$ A t#enty %our hours cro#ed place in 0ohri is
)no#n Rohri tation a lot o% hotels and guest room are available outside station$ 'ery important
ancient streets, roundabouts and neighbors are historical places at #here historical people #ho
are the rest o% history and a very honorable %ollo#ing 0esidential in 0ohri are Syed %amily, "ai
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7amily, A)hound 7amily, Mu)hdom 7amily, Paloty 7amily, Memon 7amily, Pehbha 7amily ,
Mehar 7amily, !hatti 7amily , !aloch 7amily, Soomra 7amily and Shai)h 7amily$
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!istory
Aror was the ancient capital of Sindh, ori3inally ruled y the /or Dynasty. 4odern /ohri is
situated ad5acent to Sukkur, Sindh. n "66 AD, Aror was captured y the army of 4uslim
3eneral 4uhammad 7in 8asim. n 9'! it was hit y a massive earth0uake that chan3ed the
course of the ndus /iver.
0limate
/ohri has a hot desert climate (;ppen climate classification BWh) with e<tremely hot
summers and mild winters. /ohri is very dry, with the little rain it receives mostly fallin3 in
the monsoon season from =uly to Septemer.
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Rohri :unction railay station
Rohri Junction railway station (Urdu: نش اس لر نشک ی رو
ے ) is located
in /ohri town, Sukkur district of Sindh province of the Pakistan. t is a ma5or railway station
of Pakistan /ailways and the 5unction of arachi>Peshawar 4ain ?ine and /ohri@
8uetta railway line.!- t is the stop of all +<press trains.
1he station is staffed and has advance and current reservation offices. ood stalls are also
located on it platforms.
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Tra'n ro!tes
1he routes are /ohri from linked
to arachi, ?ahore, /awalpindi, Peshawar , 8uetta, 4ultan, aisalaad, Sar3odha, =han3,B
yderaad, Sukkur , /ahim Car
han, 7ahawalpur , u5r at, u5ranwala, hanewal, awashah, ?arkana, Sii, Attoc
k andowshera
Train
services from Rohri
Jned it-
!rain
"a#$
!rain
%o&$'tations
Allama
0al
+<press
9 UP,
6%
D
arachi Eantt, Byderaad =n, awashah, 4ehrapur , Rohri
Jn, Sadi0aad, /ahim Car
han,hanpur , 7ahawalpur , =ehanian, hanewal =n, Sahiwal, Fkara
Eantt, Pattoki, ot /adha ishen,/aiwind =n, ot ?akhpat, ?ahore
=n, Shahdara
7a3h, aran3, 7addomalhi, arowal, Pasrur ,Ehawinda, Sialkot
Awam
+<press
62
UP,
arachi Eantt, ?andhi, =un3shahi, =himpir , otri =n, Byderaad
=n, 1ando Adam, Shahdadpur ,awashah, Pad dan, 7hiria
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6$
D
/oad, 4ehrapur , Sethar5a, /anipur , amat, hairpur , Rohri
Jn,Pano Akil, hotki, 4irpur 4athelo, Daharki, Sadi0aad, /ahim
Car han, hanpur , ?ia0uatpur , Dera awa Sahi, Samasata
=n, 7ahawalpur , Shu5aad, 4ultan Eantt, hanewal
=n, Ehichawatni,Sahiwal, Fkara Eantt, Pattoki, ot /adha
ishan, /aiwand =n, ot ?akhpat, ?ahore =n, u5ranwala,GaHiraad
=n, u5rat, ?ala 4usa =n, harian Eantt, =helum, u5ar han, Ehak
?ala, /awalpindi,1a<ila =n, Basan Adal, Attock =n, =han3ira
/oad, owshera =n, Peshawar Eity, Peshawar Eantt
7ahauddin
Iakaria
+<press
!*
UP,
!'
D
arachi Eity, arachi Eantt, ?andhi =n, =un3shahi, otri
=n, Byderaad =n, 1ando
Adam,Shahdadpur , awashah, Daur , 4ehrapur , Rohri
Jn, Sadi0aad, /ahim Car han, hanpur =n,Dera awa
Sahi, Samasata =n, 7ahawalpur , ?odhran =n,
ilawala, Shu5aad, 4ultan Eantt
areed
+<press
2"
UP,
2
D
arachi Eity, arachi Eantt, Dri3h /oad, ?andhi, otri =n, Byderaad
=n, 1ando Adam, Rohri Jn,Sadi0aad, /ahim Car
han, hanpur , ?ia0atpur , Samasata, 7ahawalpur , ?odhran
=n, 4ailsi,Jehari, Arifwala, Pakpattan, asur , /aiwind =n, ot
?akhpat, Galton, ?ahore Eantt, ?ahore =n
BaHara
+<press
66
UP,
6!
D
arachi Eity, arachi Eantt, Dri3h /oad, ?andhi =n, otri
=n, Byderaad =n, 1ando Adam,awashah, Pad dan, 7hiria
/oad, 4ehrapur =n, Rohri Jn, Pano Akil, 4irpur
4athelo, Sadi0aad,/ahim Car han, hanpur =n, ?ia0uatpur , Deraawa Sahi, Samasata =n, 7ahawalpur , Shu5aad,4ultan Eantt,
/iaHaad, hanewal =n, Shorkot Eantt =n, =han3
Sadar , Sillanwali, Shaheenaad =n,Sar3odha =n, 7halwal, 4alakwal
=n, 4andi 7ahauddin, ?ala 4usa =n, =helum, u5ar
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han,/awalpindi, 1a<ila =n, Baripur BaHara, Bavelian
=affar
+<press
29
UP,
$%
D
8uetta, olpur , 4ach, Aa@e@3um, Sii =n, 7akhtiaraadDomki, Dera 4urad =amali, Dera Allah Car ,=acoaad
=n, Shikarpur , Sukkur , Rohri Jn, Sadi0aad, /ahim Car
han, 7ahawalpur , 4ultan Eantt,hanewal =n, Sahiwal, Fkara
Eantt, /aiwind =n, ?ahore =n, u5ranwala, GaHiraad
=n, u5rat,?alamusa =n, =helum, /awalpindi
arachi+<press
6*
UP,6'
D
arachi Eantt, Byderaad =n, Rohri Jn, 7ahawalpur , 4ultanEantt, Sahiwal, /aiwind =n, ?ahore =n
arakoram
+<press
$6
UP,
$!
D
arachi Eantt, Byderaad =n, awashah, Rohri Jn, hanewal
=n, aisalaad, ?ahore =n
hyer
4ail
6 UP,
! D
arachi Eantt, ?andhi, Byderaad =n, awashah, hairpur , Rohri
Jn, Pano Akil, hotki, 4irpur 4athelo, Daharki, Sadi0aad, /ahim
Car han. hanpur , ?ia0uatpur , Dera awa Sahi, Samasata
=n, 7ahawalpur , ?odhran =n, Shu5aad, 4ultan Eantt, hanewal
=n, 4ian Ehannun, Ehichawatni,Sahiwal, Fkara
Eantt, Pattoki, /aiwind =n, ot ?akhpat, ?ahore
=n, u5ranwala, GaHiraad =n,u5rat, ?ala 4usa
=n, =helum, /awalpindi, Attock city =n, =han3ira
/oad, owshera, Peshawar Eity,Peshawar Eantt
4illat
+<press
6"
UP,
arachi Eantt, Byderaad =n, Rohri Jn, 7ahawalpur , hanewal
=n, Shorkot Eantt =n, 1oa 1ek Sin3h, aisalaad, Ehak =humra
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6
D=n, Ehiniot, Shaheenaad =n, Sar3odha =n
i3ht
Eoach
+<press
$2
UP,
$$
D
arachi Eantt, Byderaad =n, awashah, Rohri
Jn, 7ahawalpur , 4ultan Eantt, aisalaad, ?ahore =n
Pak
7usiness
+<press
arachi Eantt, Rohri Jn, hanewal =n, ?ahore =n
Pakistan
+<press
$*
UP,
$'
D
arachi Eantt, Byderaad =n, Rohri Jn, /ahim Car
han, hanpur , 7ahawalpur , 4ultan Eantt,hanewal =n, Shorkot
Eantt =n, 1oa 1ek Sin3h, o5ra, aisalaad, San3la Bill =n,
K BafiHaad, Alipur Ehatta, GaHiraad =n, u5rat, ?ala 4usa
=n, =helum, /awalpindi
8uetta
+<press
!2
UP,
!$
D
8uetta, olpur , 4ach, Aa@e@3um, Sii =n, 7akhtiaraad
Domki, Dera 4urad =amali, Dera Allah Car ,=acoaad
=n, Shikarpur , Sukkur , Rohri Jn, Pano Akil, hotki, 4irpur
4athelo, Sadi0aad, /ahim Car han, hanpur , Dera awa
Sahi, 7ahawalpur , hanewal =n, Shorkot Eantt
=n, aisalaad,?ahore =n
Shalimar
+<press
!"
UP,
!
D
arachi Eantt, Byderaad =n, 4ehrapur =n, Rohri Jn, /ahim Car
han, 7hawalpur , 4ultan Eantt,aisalaad, ?ahore =n
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Sukkur
+<press
6$*
UP,
6$'
D
arachi Eity, arachi Eantt, Dri3h Eolony, ?andhi, otri
=n, Byderaad =n, 1ando Adam,Shahdadpur , awashah, ot@
?aollo, Pad dan, 7hiria /oad, ?akha /oad, 4ehrapur ,
Sethar5a,/anipur /iyasat, amat, hairpur , Rohri
Jn, Sukkur , Shikarpur , =acoaad =n
1eH3am" UP,
D
arachi Eantt, Byderaad =n, 1ando
Adam, awashah, hairpur , Rohri Jn, /ahim Car
han,hanpur , 7hawalpur , 4ultan Eantt, hanewal =n, 4ian
Ehannu, Ehichawatni, Sahiwal, Fkara Eantt,Pattoki, ot /adha
ishan, /aiwind =n, ot ?akhpat, ?ahore =n, u5ranwala, ?alamusa
=n, =helum,/awalpindi
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omb of haja hiCr or inda Pir
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8pposite 0ohri is a small island o% #hich about hal% an acre remains above #ater at the height o%
the inundation$ This has been enclosed #ith a #all and contains a shrine to #hich Muslims and
/indus come together in thousands %rom all parts o% Sindh in March and April, the Muslims to
honor 2h#a*a 2hir and the /indus, 9ind Pir, (9ind is a corruption o% 6inda: 6inda Pir means the
+iving Saint$ &ventually the possession o% the shrine became a bone o% contention bet#een
/indus and Muslims, but the matter #as settled #hen the /indus abandoned their claim and set
up a shrine o% their o#n to 9ind Pir on the Su))ur ban) o% the river $ The Public ;or)s
Department, under resolution 3o$ <<=;=- ><. o% -. April -?4@, sanctioned a piece o% land
measuring ->$<. ghuntas approimately to the Panchayat (Council o% Su))ur %or the use o% the
9ind Pir 7a)irs trust, i$e$, a%ter eecuting a trust deed in %avor o% !hai !alo, the leader o% the
7a)irs at that time$ According to the trust, he and his successors #ould receive 0s -<... %or
discharging certain duties in connection #ith the shrine and monuments$ The Muslim legend is
that a Delhimerchant by the name o% Shah /ussain (Sai%ul Mulu) #as traveling do#n the ndus
by boat #ith his daughter, !adu$=i=9amal, on their #ay to Mecca$ 8n their arrival in the city
o% Alore, Dalura*, the /indu 2ing, #ho had heard o% the great beauty o% Shah /ussainBsdaughter, demanded her in marriage$ /e #as re%used, being told as a reason that it #as
impossible %or the daughter o% a %ollo#er o% the Prophet (P!U/ to #ed a /indu$ 3ot content
#ith the reply, the )ing determined to carry her o%% by %orce: but as the girl #as o%%ering prayers
to 2h#a*a 2hir, the saint directed her %ather to cut loose the boat$ As soon as this #as done, the
course o% the ndus changed and the stream began to %lo# to#ards 0ohri, carrying to sa%ety the
boat and its passengers$ n gratitude %or this miraculous deliverance, Shah /ussain resolved to
erect a shrine in honour o% the saint #ho had thus be%riended them$ n ans#er to his prayer he
#as directed to carry out his purpose on a small island a little to the north o% !u))ur , and here he
built a mos1ue and a mausoleum, in honour o% the saint, #hich in later years #as enlarged by
#ealthy votaries #ho #ere said to have covered the door o% the original tomb #ith sheets o% silver$ Un%ortunately there is no trace o% either o% these buildings$
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resolved to erect
a shrine in honour
o% the saint #ho
had thus
be%riended them$
n ans#er to his
prayer he #as
directed to carry
out his purpose
on a small island
a little to the
north o% !u))ur ,
and here he built
a mos1ue and a
mausoleum, inhonour o% the
saint, #hich in
later years #as
enlarged by
#ealthy votaries
#ho #ere said to
have covered the
door o% the
original tomb
#ith sheets o% silver$ Un%ortunately there is no trace o% either o% these buildings$
media id4 #idth@5< heightE@@F
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Astan=e=2h#a*a 2hiar 0ohri
The /indu identi%y 2ha#a*a as 9ind Pir (properly 6inda Pir, i$e$ the living Pir #ho is no other
than the incarnation o% the river ndus, else#here called Uderolal, Darya Shah, etc$, to #hom
they burn a light$ The central building #ith the silver doors, be it tomb, temple or cenotaph,
contains a niche #hich is the seat o% the saint and above #hich a slab o% stone clumsily built in to
the #all bears a Persian inscription #hich has been translated thus
H;hen this court #as raised, be it )no#n that the #aters o% 2hir surrounded it: 2hir #rote this
in pleasing verse$Its date is %ound %rom the Court o% the /igh one$ The #ords Dargah=i=Ali, give
the date E@- #hich correspond to AD$ 4<5$ To the south=#est o% the shrine is a ruined bric)
mas*id #ith an inscription #hich gives the date A/ -.-- (AD ->.5$ The mu*a#ars (guardians
o% Satyan=*o=Asthan and o% 2h#a*a 2hirBs shrine #ere holding lands as )hairat (charitable
grant be%ore the !ritish con1uest, discharging certain holy duties around the monuments and
shrines in their charge$ Sir Charles 3apier continued the practice$
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ar$a+a %o -ata- rohr'
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0onclusionE
Arore is one o% the historical place o% ndus valley, having so many things to visit, in this
Thesis, #anted to sho# the importance o% Arore in ndus 'alley$ met #ith so many historians
#ho )no#s about the history o% Arore$
mportant places are highlighted in this Thesis, learnt so many things in this period$ t #as a
#onder%ul eperience %or me$
The things that are highlighted in this thesis are
/istory o% Arore
&ducation and &conomic System
Agriculture
Caste and 7amilies living in Arore
/istory o% 0ohri
9unciton o% 0ohri