America’s America’s BeginningsBeginnings

Part I

Europeans Europeans Establish Establish ColoniesColonies

ReasonsReasons for Colonization: for Colonization:

European nations wanted. . . new territories in the New World new trade routes riches (gold, etc.) to spread Christianity New World products (tobacco, etc.)

continued

1

Reasons for Colonization:Reasons for Colonization:

Individual settlers wanted . . . land for farming religious freedom or escape

from other persecution financial relief

1

Jamestown•established in 1607•named for King James I of England• the first permanent English

settlement •marked the beginning of the colony

of Virginia

2

James OglethorpeJames Oglethorpe

Started the colony of Georgia as a refuge for debtors who had been imprisoned in England

3

Roger Roger WilliamsWilliams

Wanted religious tolerance for all Christians – not just Puritans

Founded Rhode Island

4

William William PennPenn

founded Pennsylvania as a refuge for Quakers

5

WilliaWilliam m

PennPenn

The 13 British The 13 British ColoniesColonies

The 13 colonies can be The 13 colonies can be divided into divided into 3 regions3 regions based based

on differences in:on differences in:

Geography& resourcesGeography& resources ClimateClimate

EconomyEconomy Social or religious structureSocial or religious structure

New England New England ColoniesColonies

Massachusetts

Connecticut

Rhode Island

New Hampshire

6

continued

New New England England ColoniesColonies

New England New England ColoniesColonies

Colder climate Rockier soil, but farming is

still possibleAbundant forests and

access to water

6

continued

New England New England ColoniesColonies

Primarily Puritan

6

Middle Middle ColoniesColonies

New York

New Jersey

Pennsylvania

Delaware

7

continued

Middle ColoniesMiddle Colonies

Middle Middle ColoniesColonies

Diversity of peopleDiversity of people Diversity of Diversity of economic economic activity activity

7

Southern Southern ColoniesColonies

Maryland

Virginia

the Carolinas

Georgia

8

continued

SoutheSouthern rn

ColonieColoniess

Southern Southern ColoniesColonies

fertile farmlandfertile farmland warmwarm flat flat rainyrainy access to wateraccess to water

8

Columbian ExchangeColumbian Exchange

►Transatlantic tradeTransatlantic trade through which through which Europeans exchanged food, Europeans exchanged food, goods, technologies and culture goods, technologies and culture with the people of the Americaswith the people of the Americas

►Europeans profited economicallyEuropeans profited economically►Native Americans suffered disease Native Americans suffered disease

and destruction of their cultureand destruction of their culture

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Triangular Triangular TradeTrade

Colonial trade system in the 1700’s between

American Colonies

Africa

Europe

10

continued

Triangular Triangular TradeTrade

Merchants sent cloth from England to the Caribbean.

10

continued

Triangular Triangular TradeTrade

Merchants in the Caribbean shipped

sugar to New England where it was turned

into rum.

10

continued

Triangular Triangular TradeTrade

The rum was shipped to Africa and traded

for slaves.

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continued

Triangular Triangular TradeTrade

The slaves were shipped to the Americas

and sold.

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Triangular TradeTriangular Trade

Middle PassageMiddle Passage

►Voyage of slaves brought from Voyage of slaves brought from Africa to the AmericasAfrica to the Americas

►Took between 1 and 3 monthsTook between 1 and 3 months►Suffered miserable, inhuman Suffered miserable, inhuman

conditionsconditions

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European WorldEuropean World motivated by desire for motivated by desire for “God, “God,

Gold & Glory”Gold & Glory” believed land was to be believed land was to be

owned and used as a owned and used as a resource to create wealthresource to create wealth

Clash of CulturesClash of Cultures12

continued

Clash of CulturesClash of CulturesNative American WorldNative American World believed believed landland could not be could not be

owned and should be owned and should be respectedrespected

Thousands of different tribes Thousands of different tribes varied by region, kinship varied by region, kinship groups, and clansgroups, and clans

12

continued

West African WorldWest African World – – • tribes varied by regiontribes varied by region• organized by kinshiporganized by kinship• rich cultural history rich cultural history • preserved customs through preserved customs through

oral historyoral history• Rich deposits of goldRich deposits of gold• Major trade routes brought Major trade routes brought

great prosperity to some great prosperity to some areasareas

Clash of Clash of CulturesCultures

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