Air Compressed Plant

8/11/2019 Air Compressed Plant

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JJ618 : PLANT ENGINEERING

TECHNOLOGY

Prepared by:

Engr. Petrus Banati @ Fazzerius,M. Mfg. Eng. (Mfg. Syst. Eng.), UTeM

B. Eng. (Mech.), (Hons), KUiTTHO

Dip. Edu. (Mech. Eng.), IPTKL

Dip. Mech. Eng. (Automotive), PKBCert. Mech. Eng. (Automotive), PKS


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TOPIC 3;(COMPRESSOR AIR PLANT)


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SYLLABUS


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SYLLABUS


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Advantages Of Compressor Air

Plants

Better mechanical balance of the whole unit anduniform torque.

Increase in volumetric efficiency.

Reduced leakage loss.

Less difficulty in lubrication due to low workingtemperature.

Lighter cylinders can be used.

Cheaper materials can be used for construction asthe operating temperature is lower.


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Main Components Of An Air

Compressor Plant


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Compressed Air System

Components

Intake Air Filters

Inter-stage Coolers

After CoolersAir-dryers

Moisture Drain Traps

Receivers


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Positive Displacement CompressorAir is compressed as the volume of the enclosed space is reduced. In the other,

a definite quantity of air is trapped and transferred from the suction intake to

the discharge port without reducing its volume.

Dynamic Compressors.

Operate by imparting velocity and pressure to the admitted air, throughthe action of a rapidly spinning impeller or rotating vanes

Maximum Pressures and Capacities of Air CompressorsThe approximate maximum pressures in pounds-force per square inch gauge

(psig), and the approximate maximum capacities in cubic feet per minute

(cfm) for various types of compressors


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Auxiliary equipment

Air Intake Filters. Filters prevent the admission ofatmospheric dust to the air compressor. Refer to chapter 4,

section 1 for details.

Silencers. Silencers reduce objectionable compressor

suction noise.

Intercoolers and After coolers. Intercoolers are used

between consecutive stages of multistage compressors to

remove the heat of compression. After coolers are installedon the compressor discharge lines to remove the heat of

compression after compression is completed.


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Compressor Chart


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Compressor Types

Reciprocating Compressor

Screw Compressor

Centrifugal Compressor


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Portable Air Compressor

Maintenance

Drain the moisture from the tanks

Clean Intake Vents

Tighten All Fasteners

Check Hoses Regularly

Clean the fuel tank


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PROCEDURES

1. Notify all affected employees that servicing ormaintenance is required on a machine orequipment and that the machine or equipmentmust be shut down and locked out to perform

the servicing or maintenance.2. Review the type and magnitude of the energy

sources involved with this machine orequipment with affected employees

3.If the machine or equipment is operating, shut itdown by normal stopping procedure.

4. De-activate the energy isolating device(s) sothat the machine or equipment is isolated fromthe energy source.


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5. Ensure that the equipment is disconnected from the energy source

by first checking that no personnel are exposed, then verify the

isolation of the equipment by operating the push button or other

operating control to make certain the equipment will not operate.

6. Ensure that all belts, motors, pulleys and shafts have come to a

complete stop.

7. Isolate Air Compressor from the system it serves

8. Dissipate any residual hydraulic or pneumatic energy

9. Remove any guards necessary for maintenance or repairs

10.The machine or equipment is now locked out

11.In situations where the lock out or tag out devices must be

temporarily removed from the energy isolating device and the

machine/equipment energized to test or position the machine,

equipment or component


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EQUIPMENT

Ultrasonic Leak Detector

Screwdriver

Filter and water trap

Pressure Gauge

Pressure regulator

Lubricator


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SAFETY PRECAUTION

1. These explosions are triggered by abnormally hightemperatures, which may be caused by leaky or

dirty valves, excessive pressurization rates, and

faulty cooling systems

2. These oils vaporize easily and will form a highlyexplosive mixture with the air under compression

3. 3. Secure a compressor immediately if you observe

that the temperature of the air being discharged

from any stage exceeds the maximum temperaturespecified.

4. 4. NEVER leave the compressor station after

starting the compressor unless you are sure that the

control, unloading, and governing devices areoperating properly.


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5. If the compressor is to remain idle for any length of time or

is in an exposed position in freezing weather, thoroughly drain

the compressor circulating water system.

6. Before working on a compressor, be sure the compressor is

secured and cannot start automatically or accidentally.

7. When cutting air into the whistle, the siren, or a piece of

machinery, be sure the supply line to the equipment has

been properly drained of moisture.

8. Before disconnecting any part of an air system, be sure the

part is not under pressure.

9. The heat of compression caused by a sudden flow of high

pressure into an empty line or vessel can cause an explosion if

oil or other impurities are present. Slowly crack open the

valves until flow is noted, and keep the valves in this position

until pressure on both sides has equalized. Keep the rate of

Ad t Of C Ai


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Advantages Of Compressor Air

Plants

Better mechanical balance of the whole unit anduniform torque.

Increase in volumetric efficiency.

Reduced leakage loss.

Less difficulty in lubrication due to low workingtemperature.

Lighter cylinders can be used.

Cheaper materials can be used for construction asthe operating temperature is lower.


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over a period of a month to complete the task,students will learn the parts of the air compressor

plant, compressed and compressed water

process plant conducted.

Besides that, students also can learn how tohandle the problems facing inner-damaged parts.

students can also learn more about how to make

water service at compressor plant

overall student use, the importance of water and

how to handle the plant's compressor and can be

practiced by kind. Students also be able to apply

this knowledge in the future.

Conclusion

Documents

Air Compressed Plant