Agriculture Scenario in Eastern India

Review and Future Prospects

Amit Mohan Prasad, I.A.S.Principal Secretary, Agriculture

Govt. of U.P.

BGREI National Conference

NASC

6th April 2015

2

Eastern UP

• Lies between 23°51' N to 28°30' N and 81°31' E to 84°39' E

• Covering an area of about 85,298 sq. km

• Population segmented into 28 districts

• The region borders Nepal (International boundary) in the north, Bihar & Jharkhand in the east, Chattisgarh, M.P. in the south

District under different Agro-Climatic ZonesDistrict under different Agro-Climatic Zones

Sr. No. Agro- climatic zones Revenue Divisions Districts

1 Central Plain (3)  

1-Allahabad (3) 

Allahabad, Kaushambi, Pratapgarh

2 Vindhyan region (2) 2-Mirzapur (2) Mirzapur, Sonbhadra,

3 Eastern Plain (12) 

2-Mirzapur (1) St. Ravidas Nagar3-Varanasi (4) Varanasi, Chandauli,

Ghazipur, Jaunpur

4-Azamgarh (3) Azamgarh, Mau, Ballia

5-Faizabad (4) Faizabad, Ambedkar Nagar, Sultanpur, Amethi

4 North Eastern Plain (11)

6-Gorakhpur (4) Gorakhpur, Maharaj ganj, Deoria, Kushi Nagar

7-Basti (3) Basti, Siddharth Nagar, Sant Kabir Nagar

8-Devipatan (4) Gonda, Balrampur, Bahraich, Shravasti

Status of Land holdings in U. P.

Categories Particulars Western U.P.

Eastern U. P.

Uttar Pradesh

Marginal Number (Lakh) 52.62 89.20 185.32

Holding (Lakh Ha) 21.61 32.41 71.71

Holding Size (Ha/farmer) 0.41 0.36 0.39

Small Number (Lakh) 11.49 9.83 30.35

Holding (Lakh Ha) 16.27 13.57 42.43

Holding Size (Ha/farmer) 1.42 1.38 1.40

Total Number (Lakh) 71.15 103.58 233.25

Holding (Lakh Ha) 62.06 61.41 176.22

Holding Size (Ha/farmer) 0.87 0.59 0.76

Crops Production (L.M.T.) % Contributi

onU.P. Eastern

U.P.

Rice 142.95 75.11 52.54

Wheat 317.06 105.30 33.21

Total Maize

13.65 3.97 29.08

Total Pulses

20.92 8.82 25.41

Crop-wise Contribution of Eastern U.P.

(Avg. of last three years) Productivity (Qt/Ha)

U.P. Eastern U.P.

24.19 23.82

32.33 29.60

18.06 14.03

5.31 9.03

• 44.4% farm families are in Eastern U.P.• 34% net sown area of State is in Eastern U.P.• 32% net irrigated area falls in Eastern U.P.• 20% credit flow in Eastern U.P.

AND• 52% Rice contribution comes from Eastern U.P.• 33% Wheat produced in Eastern U.P.• 29% Maize contribution comes from Eastern

U.P.• 25% Pulses from Eastern U.P.

Eastern U.P. StatisticsEastern U.P. Statistics

Impact of BGREI on production (Lakh MT)

CropCropYearYear

2009-10 (Base year)

2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15

RiceRice

Eastern UPEastern UP

59.7759.77 67.3167.31(12.62%

increase)

74.3674.36(24.41%

increase)

75.3375.33(26.03%

increase)

76.1676.16(27.42%

increase)

66.5666.56(11.36%

increase)

Other than Other than Eastern UPEastern UP

57.6757.67 55.5155.51(3.75% decreas

e)

65.2665.26(13.16%

increase)

68.1968.19(18.24%

increase)

69.5069.50(20.51%

increase)

65.8565.85(14.18%

increase)

WheatWheat

Eastern UPEastern UP

88.3788.37 100.01100.01(13.17%

increase)

105.47105.47(19.35%

increase)

106.83106.83(20.89%

increase)

104.49104.49(18.24%

increase)-

Other than Other than Eastern UPEastern UP

189.40189.40 204.85204.85(8.16%

increase)

213.45213.45(12.70%

increase)

206.89206.89(9.23%

increase)

210.44210.44(11.11%

increase)-

Impact of BGREI on Productivity (Q/ha)

CropCropYear Year

2009-10 (Base year)

2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15

RiceRice

Eastern UPEastern UP

20.02 21.50(7.39%

increase)

23.38(16.78%

increase)

24.12(20.48% increase

)

24.01(19.93%

increase)

21.52(4.95%

increase)

Other than Other than Eastern UPEastern UP

22.02 20.88(5.18%

decrease)

23.80(8.08%

increase)

25.13(14.12% increase

)

24.96(13.35%

increase)

23.96(8.81%

increase)

WheaWheatt

Eastern UPEastern UP

25.53 28.31(10.89%

increase)

29.86(16.96%

increase)

29.89(17.08% increase

)

29.27(14.65%

increase)-

Other than Other than Eastern UPEastern UP

30.20 32.68(8.21%

increase)

34.43(14.01%

increase)

33.52(10.99% increase

)

33.56(11.13%

increase)

-

Major Issues of Eastern UPMajor Issues of Eastern UP

1. Extension2. Research3. Credit (PLP)4. Agriculture Mechanization5. Farming System for Small Holdings6. Processing and Marketing

Extension Services Extension Services Focus on :

•Small & Marginal farmers•Agricultural labourer

Dissemination through:•Training of village extension workers•Activate the Farmers school and farmers club•Extensive use of mass media

Discuss about : •Varieties suited to flood prone areas•Package of practices including line sowing•Use of slow release fertilizers

ResearchResearch

• Development of flood prone short duration Rice varieties

• Develop short duration Wheat varieties for late sown conditions

• Suitable Implements for small holdings• Methods to reduce dependence on chemical

fertilizers and pesticides

Credit Availability in Eastern U PCredit Availability in Eastern U P

Particulars Western U. P.

Eastern U.P.

U.P.

Distribution of Crop Loan in Kharif 2014 (Rs. In Crore)

11407.68 4450.34 19686.06

Distribution of Crop Loan per hectare in Kharif 2014 (Rs.)

24565 10379 16662

Distribution of Crop Loan per farmer in Kharif 2014 (Rs.)

16031 4296 8440

Crop loan Target for 2015-16 as per PLP fixed by NABARD Uttar Pradesh (Rs. In Crore)

47514.79 19743.72 84021.09

Crop loan Target for 2015-16 as per PLP fixed by NABARD Uttar Pradesh (in %)

56.6 23.5 100

Agriculture MechanizationAgriculture Mechanization

• Low level of Capital formation in Agriculture• Low level of mechanization in Eastern U.P.• Very few manufacturing units of agriculture

implements • Poor facilities of maintenance of implements• Development of manually operated low cost

small implements • Extensive dissemination about seed drill,

drum seeder, paddy reaper etc.

Farming system for small holdings Farming system for small holdings

• Diversified Agriculture required to augment the income of small and marginal famers

• Suitable agro climatic conditions for cultivation of Vegetables and Spices.

• Fruit belts of Mango, Aonla and Guava in Varanasi, Pratapgarh, Allahabad, Faizabad and Kaushambi.

• Production of Flowers in the Buddha circuit to be promoted

• Establishment of Poly houses/Green houses may be encouraged for production of exotic vegetables which have great demand in the market.

• Efficient cattle management including nutritional supplement along with breed improvement

• Promotion of fisheries to supplement the income

• Lack of processing facilities and marketing infrastructure• Only 50 market yards (mandis) in Eastern U.P. • No government Pack Houses in Eastern U.P. • Shortage of cold storages and warehouses for farmers• Establishment of Food Processing units, Banana Ripening Units, Multi Commodity Multi Chambered Cold Storages and Tissue culture labs•Development of modern marketing infrastructure in different clusters for better returns to farmers

•Poor connectivity (Road network, communication, transport etc.)

Processing and MarketingProcessing and Marketing

Thank You