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Agric 200

Advanced Statistical Methods in Agriculture

Exercise No. 1

Some Mathematical Concepts

Procedure:1. Review some mathematical concepts such as variables and rounding of data.

Random variable - is a function whose value is a real number determined by its elementin the sample which is referred to as the domain of the variable.

Continuous Variable - if a variable can theoretically assume any vale between two givenvalues. It give rise to measurement data.

Discrete Variable - assumes finite number of possibilities and this will give rise to countingdatas

Qualitative Variable - non measurable that cannot assume a numerical valueQuantitative Variable - quantities that can be counted, measured or calculatedRounding Off- In rounding number, it is usually govern by rule. Measurements would

usually result in numbers with decimal places. To minimize cumulative roundingerrors it is a common practice to follow the "even integer" convention.

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2. Determine whether the following represent discrete or continuous data:a. filipinos below the poverty line discreteb. time it takes to travel from CMU to Cagayan de Oro continuousc. number of students admitted to the GS every semester discreted. temperature recorded hourly at PAG-ASA continuouse. monthly income of the professors discretef. height of trees in front of Cluster of Cluster bldg. continuousg. number of corn seeds that would germinate at 4DAP discreteh. income tax paid by farmers annually discretei. weight of babies at birth continuous

j. number of children born every hour discrete

3. Give the domain of each of the following variables and state whether the variables

are continuous or discrete:

a. number of soil samples received at SPTTL daily

Domain: quantitative

Variable is continuous

b. number of liters of distilled water produced hourly

Domain: quantitativeVariable is continuous

4. Round each of the following numbers to the required accuracy:a) 6898.6 to nearest unit = 6900b) 795.4 to nearest unit = 800c) 473.445 to nearest hundredth = 473.45d) 994.375 to nearest hundredth = 994.38

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e) 0.0065 to nearest thousandth = 0.007

5. Add the following numbers: 10.35, 19.25, 23.15, 32.45, 25.75 and 11.85as directed: (a) directly (b) rounding to the nearest tenth according to the eveninteger convention before adding and, (c) rounding so as to increase the digit

before 5 prior to addition.

(a) 10.35(b

) 10.4 ( c ) 10.4

19.25 19.2 19.3

23.15 23.2 23.2

32.45 32.4 32.5

25.75 25.8 25.8

11.85 11.8 11.9

Total 122.8 122.8 123.1

6. Which rounding procedure used in no.5 is superior? Why?

C, because you will just drop the concerned digit when it is preceded by a biggerNumber (from 5 to 9) without any rule being observed.

7. Given the following values:

23 13 30 26 3645 16 40 14 1650 18 29 15 1825 28 17 37 44

Calculate the following:

a). X = 560

b). X = 18,040

c). (X) = 313,600

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