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African Commission on Agricultural Statistics20th Session, 10 – 13 December 2007, Algiers, Algeria

AGRI-GENDER DATABASEAGRI-GENDER DATABASETool kit for collection and use

of sex disaggregated data

World Census of Agriculture Programme 2010

By Diana TempelmanSenior Officer, Gender and Development

FAO, Regional Office for Africa

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Presentation outline

World Census of Agriculture Programme 1930 - 2010

1. Agricultural data in WCA: 1930–’90

2. Gender related data in the 2000 WCA

3. Gender related data in the 2010 WCA

4. Gender module for 2010 WCA

AGRI-GENDER DATABASE

5. Conclusion

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1. Agricultural data in WCA: 1930–’90

Focus on quantities produced

Demographic data, if at all head of the household or agricultural holder

Women’s involvement perceived as domestic or reproductive not economic or productive

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Among others:

Addresses gender biases in statistical tools

Expands data collection to small-scale and peri-urban agriculture

data analysis and presentation at sub-holding level, introducing the sub-holder concept

2. Gender related data in the 2000 WCA

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defined as a single agricultural activity managed by a particular person in the holder’s household on behalf of the agricultural holder.

one or more sub-holdings in a holding.

could comprise a single plot, a whole field, a whole parcel, or even the whole holding.

could also be a livestock operation associated with or without any land (FAO, 2005a).

SUB-HOLDING

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Data available from WCA 2000 on selected gender relevant issues

Male and Female heads of agricultural HH

“Feminisation of agriculture”

Access to resources – land

Access to resources – animals / finances

Labour constraints

Access to agricultural extension

Crop preferences

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Demographic data Male and female headed HH Male and female headed HH feminisation agriculture (1)feminisation agriculture (1)

Province Agric. census 1984 Agric. survey’85– ‘86 Agric. surveys ’89 – ‘90

Male Female Male Female Male Female

Extreme North 91,8 8.2 91,8 8.2 92,6 7.4

East 91,6 8.4 90,8 9.2 85,6 14.4

Central 77,8 22.2 78,5 21.5 71,8 28.2

South 84,9 15.1 81,1 18.9 71,2 28.8

Coast 79,1 20.9 79,9 20.1 63,2 36.8

West 75,8 24.2 73,6 26.4 66.0 34.0

National 85.4 14.6 85.2 14.8 79,4 20.6

Heads of agricultural holdings / sex in selected provinces - CAMEROON

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Guinea

85+

80 - 84

75 - 79

70 -74

65 - 69

60 - 64

55 - 59

50 - 54

45 - 49

40 - 44

35 - 39

30 - 34

25 - 29

20 - 24

15 -19

.10 - 14

.5 - 9

> 5

Male FemaleScale maximum = 800000

Guinea – Labé Region

85+

80 - 84

75 - 79

70 -74

65 - 69

60 - 64

55 - 59

50 - 54

45 - 49

40 - 44

35 - 39

30 - 34

25 - 29

20 - 24

15 -19

.10 - 14

.5 - 9

> 5

Male FemaleScale maximum = 90000

Demographic data feminisation of agriculture (2) feminisation of agriculture (2)

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Male & female headed HH – NIGER Data presentation at sub-national level

Tableau M1 : Répartition des ménages agricoles selon la région et le sexe du chef de ménage

Homme Femme Régions

Effectif % Effectif % Effectif total

Agadez 37 695 87,6 5 332 12,4 43 027 Diffa 45 234 90,0 5 002 10,0 50 236 Dosso 191 535 96,2 7 553 3,8 199 088 Maradi 289 487 97,1 8 650 2,9 298 137 Tahoua 279 460 91,1 27 227 8,9 306 687 Tillabery 216 281 97,4 5 827 2,6 222 108 Zinder 383 648 90,3 41 047 9,7 424 695 Niamey 39 521 92,9 3 033 7,1 42 553 Total 1 482 862 93,5 103 670 6,5 1 586 532 SOURCE : Recensement de l'Agriculture et du Cheptel (RGAC) - 2004/2006

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Male and female headed HH –Tanzaniaat regional level

Agricultural HH Tanzania:

•20% female headed

•80% male headed

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Access to resources TanzaniaTanzaniaLAND

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Land area per HH by sex of HoHHTANZANIA – REGIONAL VARIATION

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Access to resources – NIGERNIGERANIMALS & effects of financial constraints

PROVISIONAL DATA

Sedentary animals by sex of owner – NIGER ( % )

Bovine Sheep Goats Arses Donkeys Pigs Poultry M F M F M F M F M F M F M F

77.6 22.4 59.9 40.1 45.2 54.8 90.6 9.4 81.6 18.4 45.2 54.8 70.3 29.7

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Demographic data labour constraintslabour constraints

Inactive / active by sex HoHH Male active / sex of HoHH Selected regions Male HoHH Female HoHH Male HoHH Female HoHH

Dodoma 1.4 2 1.1 0.3 Mtwara 1.1 2.2 1.0 0.5 Iringa 1.3 1.9 1.1 0.2 Mbeya 1.3 1.9 1.1 0.3 Mara 1.5 1.9 1.0 0.5 Tanzania 1.4 1.7 1.1 0.4

Tab.2 – Number of inactive /active household members and number of male active members per sex of Head of Household (HoHH) –TANZANIA

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Impact labour constraints -Impact labour constraints - TanzaniaTanzania female headed HH’s use of credit

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Chart 5.17 Percent of Households by Type of Labour - MALE Headed Households

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Land ClearingSoil Preparation by Hand

Soil Preparation by Oxen / TractorPlantingWeeding

Crop ProtectionHarvesting

Crop ProcessingCrop Marketing

Cattle RearingCattle Herding

Cattle MarketingGoat & Sheep RearingGoat & Sheep Herding

Goat & Sheep MarketingMilking

Pig RearingPoultry Keeping

Collecting WaterCollecting Firewood

Pole CuttingTimber Wood Cutting

Building / Maintaining HousesMaking Beer

BeekeepingFishing

Fish FarmingOff - farm Income Generation

Typ

e of

Lab

our

Percent

Head of Household Alone Adults Males Adult FemaleAdults Boys GirlsBoys & Girls All Household Members Hired Labour

Chart 5.18 Percent of Households by Type of Labour - Female Headed Households

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Land ClearingSoil Preparation by Hand

Soil Preparation by Oxen / TractorPlantingWeeding

Crop ProtectionHarvesting

Crop ProcessingCrop Marketing

Cattle RearingCattle Herding

Cattle MarketingGoat & Sheep RearingGoat & Sheep Herding

Goat & Sheep MarketingMilking

Pig RearingPoultry Keeping

Collecting WaterCollecting Firewood

Pole CuttingTimber Wood Cutting

Building / Maintaining HousesMaking Beer

BeekeepingFishing

Fish FarmingOff - farm Income Generation

Typ

e of

Lab

our

Percent

Head of Household Alone Adults Males Adult FemaleAdults Boys GirlsBoys & Girls All Household Members Hired Labour

Division of Labour

Female heads of households take on the additional roles normally undertaken by the male head of household; Off farm income, bee keeping and fishing

whilst also being responsible for the normal female duties of the household beer making, collecting water, etc. They also use more of hired labour

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Data analysis & presentation sub-holding level access to agricultural extension services

Tab 4 : Access to agricultural extension by sex of sub-holder - SENEGAL

Male sub-holders Female sub-holders Region N % N %

Total

%

Diourbel 16,197 4.62 4,722 1.35 20,919 3.9 Thiès 7,826 1.37 5,895 1.03 13,721 1.2 Koalack 39,889 6.55 9,075 1.47 48,964 5.6 Kolda 18,364 4.05 4,612 1.02 22,976 3.4 National 155,072 4.08 53,253 1.40 208,325 3.4

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Crop preferences analysis and presentation sub-holding level

Holder (Collective fields)

Sub-Holder (Individual fields) Both

(All fields)

Crops

M F M F M F Millet 97 3 45 55 87 13 Maize 99 1 90 10 89 11 Rice 98 2 65 35 85 15 Groundnuts 97 3 32 68 54 46 Vouandzou 96 4 20 80 50 50 White sorghum 98 2 58 42 90 10 Red sorghum 97 3 55 45 91 9 (sub) Total 98 2 48 52 86 14

Tab 3 Area cultivated / crop by sex of agricultural holder and sub-holderBurkina Faso, mid 1990s

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Crop preferences Data presentation at sub-national level

area under maizearea under maize

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Crop preferencesData presentation at sub-national level

area under vouandzou area under vouandzou

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Crop preferences Data presentation at sub-national level

area under gombo area under gombo

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Gender publications 2000 WCA

Forthcoming Gender profiles:

Livestock sub-sector, NIGER Agricultural sub-sector, NIGER Overall agricultural sector, CAPE VERDE

LESSONS LEARNED IN AFRICA

Regional Office for Africa Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

United Republic of Tanzania

NATIONAL SAMPLE CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE 2002/2003

GENDER PROFILE OF SMALLHOLDER RURAL AGRICULTURE POPULATION IN

TANZANIA MAINLAND

Volume IX

National Bureau of Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security, Ministry of Water and Livestock Development, Ministry of Cooperatives and Marketing,

Presidents Office, Regional Administration and Local Government, Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs – Zanzibar

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CORE CENSUS module limited number of variables exhaustive data collection

TWELVE SUPPLEMENTARY MODULES

3. Gender related data 2010 WCA

01: Land 02: Irrigation and water management 03: Crops04: Livestock05: Agricultural practices 06: Agricultural services

07: Demogr.& social characteristics08: Farm labour 09: Household food security 10: Aquaculture 11: Forestry12: Management of the holding (sub-holdings / sex of sub-holder)

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4. Gender module for 2010 WCA

AGRI-GENDER DATABASE a statistical toolkit for the production of sex-

disaggregated agricultural data

November 2007

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4. Gender module for 2010 WCA AGRI-GENDER DATABASE

i. Agricultural population and households ii. Access to productive resourcesiii. Production and productivityiv. Destination of agricultural producev. Labour and time-usevi. Income and expendituresvii. Membership of agricultural/farmer

organisationsviii. Food securityix. Poverty indicators

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ii - Access to productive resources

Example: Question regarding landownership by sub-holder - NIGER

INVENTAIRE DES PARCELLES DU MËNAGE AGRICOLE

Identification champs, parcelles

Nom et prénoms du responsable de la parcelle

Sexe du responsable de la

parcelle Type de gestion de

la parcelle

1 2 3 4 5

Inscrire le numéro d'ordre

du champ

Inscrire le numéro

d'ordre de la parcelle

Inscrire d'abord le nom, puis les prénoms du responsable

de la parcelle en commençant par le Chef de Ménage

1 = Masculin 2 = Féminin

1 = Individuel 2 = Collectif

|__|__| |__|__| |__| |__|

|__|__| |__|__| |__| |__|

|__|__| |__|__| |__| |__|

Etc.

NIGERNIGER

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ii - Access to productive resources

Continue

INVENTAIRE DES PARCELLES DU MËNAGE AGRICOLE

Passé cultural de la parcelle

Système de culture

Mode d'acquisition

Type de relief

6 7 8 9

1 = Cultivé 2 = Jachère

1 = Culture pure 2 = Cult. associé

1 = Héritage 2 = Achat 3 = Fermage ou métayage 4 = Prêt 5 = Don 6 = Autre

1 = Plaine ou plateau 2 = Bas-fonds 3 = Versant colline montagne

|__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__|

Etc.

Source: Recensement général de l’agriculture et du cheptel, Niger, 2005/06

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ii - Access to productive resources

Number of Cattle

Number of Cattle managed or owned by sex of members

A. CATTLE AND CALVES

Males Females

Total Cattle

Male Female

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f)

Total number of cattle of all ages (If “None” enter X and move to B)

Total number under 2 years of age

Total number 2 years of age and over

Number of Goats

Number of Goats managed or owned by sex of members

B. GOATS

Males Females

Total Goats

Male Female

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f)

Number of Sheep Number of Sheep managed or

owned by sex of members

C. SHEEP AND LAMBS

Males Females

Total Sheep

Male Female

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f)

Number of Pigs Number of Pigs managed or owned by sex of members

D. PIGS Males Females

Total Pigs

Male Female

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f)

E. POULTRY AND RABBITS

Hens, Cocks,

Ducks and Ducklings

Others: Turkeys, Guinea Fowls, etc.

Other Farm Animals (Specify)

Rabbits

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f)

ANIMALS

The GAMBIAThe GAMBIA

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iii - Production and productivity

RECAPITULATIF DES BLOCS ET PARCELLES DE L’EXPLOITATION TRADITIONELLE

Culture principale

N° Bloc

N° parcelle

Saison : 1=

Hivern. 2= Hors hivern.

Nom Code

Superficie en ares

N° d’ordre du

responsable de mise en val. de la parcelle

Nom du responsabl

e de la parcelle

Sexe du responsable de la parcelle

1 = M 2 = F

148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156

I__I__I I__I__I I___I _____ I__|__|__I I__I__I__I__I,I__I__I I___I___I _________ |__|

I__I__I I__I__I I___I _____ I__|__|__I I__I__I__I__I,I__I__I I___I___I _________ |__|

I__I__I I__I__I I___I _____ I__|__|__I I__I__I__I__I,I__I__I I___I___I _________ |__|

Etc.

Total (1)

I___I___I___I___I___I, I___I___I

Source : République du Mali – Recensement Général de l’Agriculture 1999 / 2000

MALIMALI

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iii - Production and productivity

Code

Champ Parcelle

Système de

culture (code)

Sexe du responsable de parcelle

(1 = M ; 2 = F)

Nom de la

culture

Code de la

culture

Poids brut en k ilogramme

(kg)

Poids net en k ilogramme

(kg)

1 2 3 3’ 4 5 6 7

|__|__| |__|__| |__| |__| …………. |__|__| |__|__|,|__|__|__| |__|__|,|__|__|__|

|__|__| |__|__| |__| |__| …………. |__|__| |__|__|,|__|__|__| |__|__|,|__|__|__|

|__|__| |__|__| |__| |__| …………. |__|__| |__|__|,|__|__|__| |__|__|,|__|__|__|

|__|__| |__|__| |__| |__| …………. |__|__| |__|__|,|__|__|__| |__|__|,|__|__|__|

Etc.

Source République du Niger – Recensement Général de l’Agriculture et du Cheptel 2004-2006

NIGERNIGER

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v. Labour and time-use

5. How many persons were engaged on the holding other than the holder? (Last 12 months)

Number S/N

Labour status Male Female Total

5.1 Permanent paid workers (full-time)

5.2 Temporary (seasonal paid workers)

5.3 Unpaid family workers

5.4 Partners (share holders paid/unpaid)

5.5 Total persons engaged at any time of the year

Source: Ethiopian Agricultural Sample Enumeration Miscellaneous Questions – 2001/02

ETHIOPIAETHIOPIA

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v. Labour and time-useUGANDAUGANDA

5.3.2 Household members work on the holding by specific operations 27 How many household members worked permanently or temporarily on the holding this agricultural

season on the specified operations? (Give the number worked for all categories).

Number who participated

Children

Operation

Code

Males

Females Boys Girls

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

Ploughing 1 |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| Planting 2 |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| Weeding 3 |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| Pruning 4 |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| Harvesting 5 |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| Bush clearing 6 |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| Herding 7 |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| Feeding 8 |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| Milk ing 9 |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| Fish farming 10 |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| Construction/maintenance 11 |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| Other, specify 12 |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__| |__|__|__|

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v. Labour and time-use

Children(code) S/N

Activity

Make (code)

Female (code) Boys Girls

21.1 Tilling |__| |__| |__| |__|

21.2 Sowing |__| |__| |__| |__|

21.3 Weeding |__| |__| |__| |__|

21.4 Harvesting |__| |__| |__| |__|

21.5 Feeding/Treating |__| |__| |__| |__|

21.6 Milk ing |__| |__| |__| |__|

21.7 Marketing of agricultural products |__| |__| |__| |__|

ETHIOPIAETHIOPIA

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v. Labour and time-use

TUNISIATUNISIA

Nom ….. GRILLE BUDGET-TEMPS

Temps Heure réveil!_!_!_!_! HIER....... (heures)

Semaine dernière (heures) Mois dernier (jours) Année dernière (jours)

Activités P. mat

Matin Midi A. midi Soir Total 2è j.

3è j. 4è j.

5è j.

6è j.

7è j.

Total 2ème 3ème 4ème Total Eté Print. Autom Hiver Total

A. AGRICOLE

1. Préparation du sol (labour, binage, sarclage, désherbage, fertilisation, semis, taille, piquage, irrigation)

2. Récolte, cueillette, moisson

3. Act. para-agricoles (transport, récolte, marché, entretien, stock, etc.)

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5. CONCLUSION – DISCUSSION ITEMS

Steps to enhance production of sex-disaggregated data

Steps to enhance utilisation of sex-disaggregated data

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Thank you for your attention