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Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies 171

Álvaro Rocha · António Abreu · João Vidal de Carvalho · Dália Liberato · Elisa Alén González · Pedro Liberato   Editors

Advances in Tourism, Technology and Smart SystemsProceedings of ICOTTS 2019

Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies

Volume 171

Series Editors

Robert J. Howlett, Bournemouth University and KES International,Shoreham-by-sea, UKLakhmi C. Jain, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology,Centre for Artificial Intelligence, University of Technology Sydney,Sydney, NSW, Australia

The Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies book series encompasses thetopics of knowledge, intelligence, innovation and sustainability. The aim of theseries is to make available a platform for the publication of books on all aspects ofsingle and multi-disciplinary research on these themes in order to make the latestresults available in a readily-accessible form. Volumes on interdisciplinary researchcombining two or more of these areas is particularly sought.

The series covers systems and paradigms that employ knowledge and intelligencein a broad sense. Its scope is systems having embedded knowledge and intelligence,which may be applied to the solution of world problems in industry, the environmentand the community. It also focusses on the knowledge-transfer methodologies andinnovation strategies employed to make this happen effectively. The combination ofintelligent systems tools and a broad range of applications introduces a need for asynergy of disciplines from science, technology, business and the humanities. Theseries will include conference proceedings, edited collections, monographs, hand-books, reference books, and other relevant types of book in areas of science andtechnology where smart systems and technologies can offer innovative solutions.

High quality content is an essential feature for all book proposals accepted for theseries. It is expected that editors of all accepted volumes will ensure thatcontributions are subjected to an appropriate level of reviewing process and adhereto KES quality principles.

** Indexing: The books of this series are submitted to ISI Proceedings,EI-Compendex, SCOPUS, Google Scholar and Springerlink **

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/8767

Álvaro Rocha • António Abreu •

João Vidal de Carvalho • Dália Liberato •

Elisa Alén González • Pedro LiberatoEditors

Advances in Tourism,Technology and SmartSystemsProceedings of ICOTTS 2019

123

EditorsÁlvaro RochaDepartment of Informatics EngineeringUniversity of CoimbraCoimbra, Portugal

António AbreuInstitute of Accounting and AdmnPolytechnic of PortoS. Mamede de Infesta, Portugal

João Vidal de CarvalhoInstitute of Accounting and AdmnPolytechnic of PortoS. Mamede de Infesta, Portugal

Dália LiberatoSchool of Hospitality and TourismPolytechnic of PortoVila do Conde, Portugal

Elisa Alén GonzálezFaculty of Business Sciences and TourismUniversity of VigoOurense, Spain

Pedro LiberatoSchool of Hospitality and TourismPolytechnic of PortoVila do Conde, Portugal

ISSN 2190-3018 ISSN 2190-3026 (electronic)Smart Innovation, Systems and TechnologiesISBN 978-981-15-2023-5 ISBN 978-981-15-2024-2 (eBook)https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2024-2

© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or partof the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations,recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmissionor information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilarmethodology now known or hereafter developed.The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in thispublication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt fromthe relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in thisbook are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor theauthors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material containedherein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regardto jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721,Singapore

Organizing committees

Honorary Chair

Álvaro Rocha, University of Coimbra, Portugal

Honorary co-Chair

Lakhmi C. Jain, University of Camberra, Australia

General Chairs

António Abreu, Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalJoão Vidal de Carvalho, Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalLuis Ernesto Franchi, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Argentina

Program Chairs

Dália Liberato, School of Hospitality and Tourism, Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalElisa Alén González, University of Vigo, Spain

v

Local Organizing Committee

Vanesa Margarone, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, ArgentinaNatalia Salomón, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, ArgentinaEzequiel Mateo Martinich, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Argentina

Advisory Committee

Ana García-Valcárcel, University of Salamanca, SpainAndré Riani Costa Perinotto, Federal University of Piauí, BrazilCarmen María Ramos, UNESCO Chair in Cultural Tourism Untref-AamnbaBuenos Aires, ArgentinaCarlos Costa, University of Aveiro, PortugalEduardo Parra-Lopez, University of La Laguna, SpainFilipa Brandão, University of Aveiro, PortugalFrancisco Javier Tejedor, University of Salamanca, SpainHector Luis Vivas, National University of Río Negro, ArgentinaJose Antonio Fraiz Brea, University of Vigo, SpainJuan Luis Nicolau, Virginia Tech, United StatesJuan Pulido-Fernández, University of Jaén, SpainLuis Paulo Reis, University of Porto, PortugalMaximiliano E. Korstanje, University of Palermo, ArgentinaMirko Vera Campos, Instituto de Turismo - Universidad Austral de Chile, ChilePedro Liberato, School of Hospitality and Tourism, Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalRamiro Gonçalves, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro & INESC TEC,PortugalStanislav Ivanov, Varna University of Management, BulgariaVicky Katsoni, University of Western Attica, Greece

Scientific Committee

Agostinho Sousa Pinto, Polythecnic of Porto, PortugalAlejandro Peña, Universidad EIA, ColombiaAlexandra Albuquerque, Polythecnic of Porto, PortugalAlina Badulescu, University of Oradea, RomaniaAmélia Silva, CEOS.PP & Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalAna Azevedo, CEOS.PP & Polythecnic of Porto, PortugalAna Branca Soeiro de Carvalho, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, PortugalAna Camarinha, Polythecnic of Porto, PortugalAna Iglesias Rodríguez, University of Salamanca, Spain

vi Organizing committees

Ana Lima, Polythecnic of Porto, PortugalAna Paula Afonso, Polythecnic of Porto, PortugalAna Paula Brandão, University of Minho, PortugalAnabela Mesquita, Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalAnacleto Cortez Correia, Portuguese Naval Academy, PortugalAnastasia Stratigea, National Technical University of Athens, GreeceAndré Riani Costa Perinotto, Federal University of Piauí, BrazilAntónio Fernandes, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, PortugalBruno Sousa, CITUR - Centre for Tourism Research, Development and Innovation,PortugalCândida Silva, School of Hospitality and Tourism, Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalCarlos Peixeira Marques, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, PortugalCatarina Nunes, Estoril Higher Institute for Tourism and Hotel Studies, PortugalCélia Ramos, ESGHT - University of Algarve, PortugalCélia Talma Gonçalves, Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalClara Sarmento, Polythecnic of Porto, PortugalConceição Castro, Polythecnic of Porto, PortugalCristina Barroco, School of Technology and Management of Viseu, PortugalDaniel Pires Vieira, University of Brasília, BrazilDiana Foris, Transilvania University of Brasov, RomaniaEduardo Parra-Lopez, University of La Laguna, SpainElaine Scalabrini, Universidade da Região de Joinville - Univille, BrazilEusébio Ferreira da Costa, Institute of Higher Studies of Fafe, PortugalFernanda A. Ferreira, UNIAG & School of Hospitality and Tourism, Polytechnic ofPorto, PortugalFernando Oliveira Tavares, ISCET - Higher Institute of Business Sciences andTourism, PortugalFilipa Brandão, University of Aveiro, PortugalFirmino Silva, Polythecnic of Porto, PortugalFlávio Ferreira, UNIAG & School of Hospitality and Tourism, Polytechnic ofPorto, PortugalFrancisco Silva, Estoril Higher Institute for Tourism and Hotel Studies, PortugalGorete Dinis, Polytechnic of Portalegre, PortugalGuaracy Silva, Centro Universitário do Sul de Minas, BrazilHector Luis Vivas, Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, ArgentinaHelena Costa Oliveira, Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalHugo Sampaio, Polytechnic Institute of Cavado and Ave, PortugalIsabel Borges, Institute of Higher Studies of Fafe, PortugalIsabel Lopes, UNIAG & Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, PortugalJimena Tomarelli, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, ArgentinaJoão Reis, Estoril Higher Institute for Tourism and Hotel Studies, PortugalJose Antonio Fraiz Brea, University of Vigo, SpainJosé Avelino Moreira Victor, University Institute of Maia, PortugalJosé Braga de Vasconcelos, Universidade New Atlântica, PortugalJose Luis Leiva Olivencia, University of Malaga, Spain

Organizing committees vii

José Luís Reis, University Institute of Maia, PortugalJosep Ivars Baidal, University of Alicante, SpainJuan Luis Nicolau, Virginia Tech, United StatesJuan Pulido-Fernández, University of Jaén, SpainKatarzyna Leśniewska-Napierała, University of Lodz, PolandKonstantinos Solakis, University of Ioannina, GreeceLorena Escobar, Universidad Autónoma de Encarnación, ParaguayLorena Rodríguez Campo, University of Vigo, SpainLuis Mota, University of Madeira, PortugalLuís Silva Rodrigues, Polythecnic of Porto, PortugalLuciano da Silva, University of Brasília, BrazilElisa Alén González, University of Vigo, SpainMafalda Teles Roxo, LIAAD-INESCTEC & FEP - University of Porto, PortugalManuel Enciso García-Oliveros, University of Málaga, SpainManuel Moreira da Silva, CEOS.PP & Polythecnic of Porto, PortugalMarco António Furtado, Polythecnic of Porto, PortugalMaria Inês Pinho, ESE - Polythecnic of Porto, PortugalMaria Isabel Ribeiro, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, PortugalMaria João Castro, Polythecnic of Porto, PortugalMaria José Angélico, Polythecnic of Porto, PortugalMarisol Correia, University of Algarve, PortugalMatheus Guedes, Faculdade de São Lourenço, BrazilMirna Medeiros, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, BrazilMónica Oliveira, School of Hospitality and Tourism, Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalNadia Czeraniuk, Universidad Autónoma de Encarnación, ParaguayOlimpio Castilho, Polythecnic of Porto, PortugalOscar Navós, Escuela Argentina de Negocios, Instituto Universitario, ArgentinaPablo de Carlos, University of Vigo, SpainPatricio Sanchez-Fernandez, University of Vigo, SpainPaula Odete Fernandes, UNIAG & Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, PortugalRaul Laureano, ISCTE - University Institute of Lisbon, PortugalRodrigo Franklin Frogeri, FUMEC University, BrazilRomeu Lopes, Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, PortugalRui Humberto Pereira, Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalSandrina Teixeira, Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalSandro Carvalho, Polytechnic Institute of Cavado and Ave, PortugalSara Pascoal, Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalSérgio Dominique, Polytechnic Institute of Cavado and Ave, PortugalSérgio Lousada, University of Madeira, PortugalSimona Riurean, University of Petrosani, RomaniaSonia Ferrari, University of Calabria, ItalyStanislav Ivanov, Varna University of Management, BulgariaSusana Martins, Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalSuzanne Amaro, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, PortugalTatiana Antipova, Perm University, Russia

viii Organizing committees

Teresa Dieguez, School of Hospitality and Tourism, Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalTeresa Guarda, Universidad Estatal Peninsula de Santa Elena, EcuadorVânia Costa, Polytechnic Institute of Cavado and Ave, PortugalVeronica Feder Mayer, Universidade Federal Fluminense, BrazilYanina Plos, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Argentina

Organizing committees ix

Preface

This book is composed by the papers written in English and accepted for presen-tation and discussion at the 2019 International Conference on Tourism, Technology& Systems (ICOTTS’19). This Conference had the support of the UAI (UniversidadAbierta Interamericana) and AISTI (Iberian Association for Information Systemsand Technologies). It took place at Buenos Aires, Argentina, December 5th–7th,2019.

The 2019 International Conference on Tourism, Technology & Systems(ICOTTS’19) is an international forum for researchers and practitioners to presentand discuss the most recent innovations, trends, results, experiences and concerns inthe several perspectives of Tourism and/or Information Technologies and Systems.

The Program Committee of ICOTTS’19 was composed of a multidisciplinarygroup of 125 experts and those who are intimately concerned with InformationSystems and Technologies. They had the responsibility for evaluating, in a‘double-blind review’ process, the papers received for each of the main themesproposed for the Conference: Technology in Tourism and Tourist experience;Generations and Technology in Tourism; Digital Marketing applied to Tourism andTravel; Mobile Technologies applied to sustainable Tourism; Tourism research inproviding innovative solutions to social problems; Tourism, Wellness andHospitality; Information Technologies in Tourism; Digital transformation ofTourism Business; Traveling for health/medical and wellness; InformationTechnologies in Ecotourism and Agritourism; Information Technologies in FoodTourism; Information Technologies in Education and Educational Tourism;eTourism and Tourism 2.0; Big data and Management for Travel and Tourism;Geo-tagging and Tourist mobility; Health Tourism; Information Systems in Tourismand Hospitality; Smart Destinations; Resilience and Tourism; Dark Tourism;Military Tourism; Tourism Management; Tourism Planning; Strategic Planning inTourism; Destination Marketing Planning; Destination Partnerships andTeam-Building; Destination Governance and Leadership; Destination ProductDevelopment; Destination Markets; Accessible Tourism; Cultural Tourism;Destination Quality; Education and Tourism; Human Resources development inTourism; Robotics in Tourism; Destination Marketing Systems; Computer

xi

Reservations Systems; Global Distribution Systems; Electronic InformationDistribution in Tourism and Hospitality; Organizational Models and InformationSystems; Information Systems and Technologies.

ICOTTS’19 received about 100 contributions from 20 countries around theworld. The papers accepted for presentation and discussion at the Conference arepublished by Springer (this book) and by AISTI, and will be submitted for indexingby ISI, EI-Compendex, SCOPUS and/or Google Scholar, among others.

We acknowledge all of those that contributed to the staging of ICOTTS’19(authors, committees, workshop organizers and sponsors). We deeply appreciatetheir involvement and support that was crucial for the success of ICOTTS’19.

Buenos Aires, ArgentinaDecember 2019

Álvaro RochaAntónio Abreu

João Vidal de CarvalhoDália Liberato

Elisa Alén GonzálezPedro Liberato

xii Preface

Contents

Technology in Tourism and Tourist Experience

Naturalistic analysis of tourist pedestrians’ spatial cognition . . . . . . . . .Andreas Gregoriades and Loukas Dimitriou

Extracting Feeling From Food Colour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Vicente Casales-Garcia, Lledó Museros, Ismael Sanz, Zoe Falomirand Luis Gonzalez-Abril

Social Media Influence: A Comprehensive Review in Generaland in Tourism Domain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Marlon Santiago Viñán-Ludeña, Luis M. de Campos,Luis-Roberto Jacome-Galarza and Javier Sinche-Freire

Using Data Analytics to understand visitors online search interests:the case of Côa Museum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Aida Carvalho, Arlindo Santos and Carlos R. Cunha

Cultural Tourism: using Google Arts & Culture platformto promote a small city in the North of Portugal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Sara Pascoal, Laura Tallone and Marco Furtado

Smart Experiences in Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Noelia Araújo Vila, Diego R. Toubes and Jose Antonio Fraiz Brea

An Importance-Performance Matrix Analysis of the FactorsInfluencing US Tourists to Use Airbnb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67Alicia Palmer, Suzanne Amaro and Luisa Andreu

Most Important Contents in Travel Blogs: A Perspectivefrom Brazilian Tourists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77Josmar Andrade and Marcelo Fukuyama Sobata

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3

Virtual Accessibility on Digital Business Websites and TouristDistribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93Agostinho Sousa Pinto, Eusébio Costa, Isabel Borges, Fátima Silvaand António Abreu

Infoaccessibility on the Websites of Inbound Markets of PortugalDestination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105Isabel Borges, Fátima Silva, Eusébio Costa, Agostinho Sousa Pintoand António Abreu

The Feedback Channels in a DMO: Case Study in Porto and NorthTourism Association . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119Dália Liberato, Bárbara Carvalho and Pedro Liberato

Innovative Destination Branding: “Porto.” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131Teresa Dieguez and Oscarina Conceição

Web Accessibility in the Tourism Sector: An Analysis of the MostUsed Websites in Portugal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141Maria José Angélico Gonçalves, Ana Paula Camarinha,António José Abreu, Sandrina Teixeira and Amélia Ferreira da Silva

Construction of a Specific Glossary in Spanish of Tourismon the Moodle Platform: A Challenge and a Temptationfor Students due to the Danger of Plagiarism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151Maria Ivone Osório Cardoso

The Implications of Digital Marketing and e-Commercein the Tourism Sector Growth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161Sandro Carvalho and João Vidal Carvalho

Information and Knowledge Management

CRM as a Key Element in Online Commercialization:Analysis of Tourism Search and Metasearch Engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173Trinidad Domínguez Vila and Elisa Alén González

Moving Toward Audio-Visual Narrative and Communication-MakingSkills on Adults Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189Maria João Castro and Paula Peres

The Video Guides at the Musei Civici in Rome: An Exampleof Technological Innovation in Touristic Cultural HeritageExperiences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199Adele Magnelli, Davide Pantile, Roberta Falcone and Valeria Pizziol

Forecasting and Estimation of Medical Tourism Demand in India . . . . 211Manoj Ahire, Paula Odete Fernandes and João Paulo Teixeiral

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ahirem07@gmail.com; pof@ipb.pt; joaopt@ipb.pt

© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020Á. Rocha et al. (eds.), Advances in Tourism, Technology and SmartSystems, Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies 171,https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2024-2_19

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Forecasting and estimation of medical tourism demand in India 213

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Forecasting and estimation of medical tourism demand in India 215

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Forecasting and estimation of medical tourism demand in India 217

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