«“√ “√«‘®—¬·≈–æ—≤π“ ¡®∏. ªï∑’Ë 28 ©∫—∫∑’Ë 2 ‡¡…“¬π-¡‘∂ÿπ“¬π 2548 169

∫∑§—¥¬àÕ

1 Õ“®“√¬å ¿“§«‘™“«‘»«°√√¡‡§√◊ËÕß°≈2 Õ“®“√¬å ¿“§«‘™“«‘»«°√√¡‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ·≈–«— ¥ÿ3 π—°»÷°…“√–¥—∫∫—≥±‘µ»÷°…“  “¢“«‘™“‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’°“√¢÷Èπ√Ÿª‚≈À– ¿“§«‘™“«‘»«°√√¡‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ·≈–«— ¥ÿ

æß»åæ—π∏å ·°â«µ“∑‘æ¬å 1 «“√ÿ≥’ ‡ª√¡“ππ∑å 2 √—™π’ ‰æ»“≈ 2

·≈– ™“≠¬ÿ∑∏ ¡–°“ 3

¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’æ√–®Õ¡‡°≈â“∏π∫ÿ√’ ∫“ß¡¥ ∑ÿàߧ√ÿ °√ÿ߇∑æœ 10140

ß“π«‘®—¬π’ȇªìπ°“√»÷°…“µ—«·ª√∑’Ë¡’º≈µàÕ°“√ ÷°À√Õ¢Õß·¡àæ‘¡æåµ—¥ ‚¥¬¡ÿà߇πâπ»÷°…“§«“¡·µ°µà“ߢÕß

惵‘°√√¡°“√ ÷°À√Õ¢Õ߇À≈Á°‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ∑’Ë·µ°µà“ß°—π 4 ™π‘¥ §◊Õ (JIS) SKD11 SKS3 SKH51 ·≈– S50C ‚¥¬

π”‡À≈Á°∑—Èß 4 ™π‘¥¡“∑”‡ªìπæ—π™å¢Õß·¡àæ‘¡æåµ—¥∑’Ë¡’¢π“¥‡ âπºà“π»Ÿπ¬å°≈“ß 25 ¡‘≈≈‘‡¡µ√ ·≈–π”¡“ºà“π°√√¡«‘∏’

™ÿ∫·¢Áß„À≥⧫“¡·¢Á߇∑à“°—π§◊Õ 59 ± 1 HRC ·≈â«„™âæ—π™å¥—ß°≈à“«∑”°“√µ—¥™‘Èπß“π«— ¥ÿ (JIS) G3141 SPCC

§«“¡Àπ“¢Õß™‘Èπß“π 0.8 ¡‘≈≈‘‡¡µ√ „π°“√µ—¥„™â™àÕß«à“ß·¡àæ‘¡æå§ß∑’Ë §◊Õ√âÕ¬≈– 5 ¢Õߧ«“¡Àπ“™‘Èπß“π ‚¥¬

æ—π™å·µà≈–™π‘¥∑”°“√µ—¥™‘Èπß“π®”π«π 10,000 ™‘Èπ ®“°º≈°“√∑¥≈Õßæ∫«à“ æ—π™å∑’Ë¡’Õ—µ√“°“√ ÷°À√ÕπâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥§◊Õ

æ—π™å∑’Ë∑”¡“®“°‡À≈Á° SKD11 √Õß≈ß¡“§◊Õ‡À≈Á° SKS3 SKH51 ·≈–‡À≈Á° S50C µ“¡≈”¥—∫ ‚¥¬‡À≈Á° S50C ®–

¡’ª√‘¡“≥°“√ ÷°À√Õ¡“°°«à“‡À≈Á° SKD11 ∂÷ߪ√–¡“≥ 2.5 ‡∑à“ ∑—Èßπ’È “¡“√∂«‘‡§√“–Àå·≈– √ÿª‰¥â«à“ ª√‘¡“≥

§“√å∫Õπ∑’˺ ¡Õ¬Ÿà„π‡À≈Á°·µà≈–™π‘¥®–¡’º≈Õ¬à“ß¡“°µàÕ°“√µâ“π∑“π°“√ ÷°À√Õ ∂÷ß·¡â√–¥—∫§«“¡·¢ÁßÀ≈—ß°“√™ÿ∫

®–‡∑à“°—π°Áµ“¡ °≈à“«§◊Õ‡À≈Á°∑’Ë¡’ª√‘¡“≥§“√å∫Õπ Ÿß¡’‚Õ°“ ‡°‘¥ “√ª√–°Õ∫§“√å‰∫¥å®”π«π¡“°„π‚§√ß √â“ß®ÿ≈¿“§

´÷Ëß “√ª√–°Õ∫§“√å‰∫¥å®–¡’§«“¡·¢Áß Ÿß ‡ªìπº≈„ÀâÕ—µ√“°“√ ÷°À√յ˔°«à“°√≥’¢Õ߇À≈Á°∑’Ë¡’§“√å∫ÕπµË”°«à“ ®“°

°“√∑¥≈Õ߬—ßæ∫«à“§«“¡‡√’¬∫º‘«‡√‘Ë¡µâπ¢Õßæ—π™å°Á¡’º≈µàÕÕ—µ√“°“√ ÷°À√Õ‡™àπ‡¥’¬«°—π π—Ëπ§◊Õæ—π™å∑’Ë¡’º‘«‡√’¬∫°«à“

®–‡°‘¥°“√ ÷°À√ÕπâÕ¬°«à“æ—π™å∑’Ë¡’º‘«À¬“∫ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°≈—°…≥–º‘«∑’ËÀ¬“∫®–¡’¡ÿ¡¬Õ¥º‘«§àÕπ¢â“ß·À≈¡ ‡¡◊ËÕ‡°‘¥°“√

‡ ’¬¥ ’≈—°…≥–¡ÿ¡¥—ß°≈à“«®–À≈ÿ¥À—°‰¥âßà“¬∑”„Àâ°“√ ÷°À√Õ‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ‡√Á«

§” ”§—≠ : °“√ ÷°À√Õ / ·¡àæ‘¡æåµ—¥ / ‡À≈Á°‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ / §“√å∫Õπ / §«“¡‡√’¬∫º‘«

Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈¢Õß™π‘¥‡À≈Á°‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ∑’Ë¡’º≈µàÕ°“√ ÷°À√Õ¢Õß·¡àæ‘¡æåµ—¥

√—∫‡¡◊ËÕ 29 ¡’π“§¡ 2547 µÕ∫√—∫‡¡◊ËÕ 14 ¡°√“§¡ 2548

«“√ “√«‘®—¬·≈–æ—≤π“ ¡®∏. ªï∑’Ë 28 ©∫—∫∑’Ë 2 ‡¡…“¬π-¡‘∂ÿπ“¬π 2548170

The objective of this research is to study influences of tool materials on wear behavior in the

blanking die. Four punch materials: JIS SKD11, SKS3, SKH51 and S50C were studied. Those punches

are hardened to the same hardness of 59 ± 1 HRC. Clearance between punch and die is 5% of

workpiece thickness. JIS G3141 SPCC steel strip with thickness 0.8 mm is used as workpiece

material. The strip is blanked into circular shapes of 25 mm in diameter. Each punch was used for

blanking 10,000 workpieces. From the experiments, SKD11 has the lowest wear rate. The higher

carbon content increases the amount of carbide compounds, which are very much harder than the

matrix. Consequently, wear rate of the material with higher carbon content is lower that of the lower

carbon content. In addition, the experiment result has shown that the differences of original surface

roughness of the punches affect the wear rate. Since the better surface quality has a larger asperity

angle, the punch having better surface quality will have better resistance to wear. The wear rates for

all punches are in the following order: SKD11, SKS3, SKH51 and S50C, as the SKD11 has the lowest

wear rate, which is 2.5 times lower than that of S50C.

Keywords : Wear / Blanking Die / Tool Steel / Carbon Contents / Surface Roughness

Abstract

1 Lecturer, Department of Mechanical Engineering.2 Lecturer, Department of Tool and Materials Engineering.3 Graduate Student, Division of Metal Forming Technology, Department of Tool and Materials Engineering.

Pongpan Kaewtatip 1, Varunee Premanond

2, Ratchanee Paisarn

2,

and Chanyuth Maka 3

King Mongkut,s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangmod, Toongkru, Bangkok 10140

Study on the Influences of Types of Tool Steel

on Wear Behavior of Blanking Die

Received 29 March 2004 ; accepted 14 January 2005

«“√ “√«‘®—¬·≈–æ—≤π“ ¡®∏. ªï∑’Ë 28 ©∫—∫∑’Ë 2 ‡¡…“¬π-¡‘∂ÿπ“¬π 2548 171

1. ∫∑π”

°√√¡«‘∏’°“√µ—¥‚≈À–·ºàπ‚¥¬„™â·¡àæ‘¡æå (blanking operation) ‡ªìπ°√√¡«‘∏’°“√¢÷Èπ√Ÿª‚≈À–·ºàπ∑’ˇªìπæ◊Èπ

∞“π·≈–¡’§«“¡ ”§—≠‡ªìπÕ¬à“ß¡“° ‡æ√“– “¡“√∂„™â‰¥â∑—Èß°“√µ—¥·ºàπ™‘Èπß“π∑’Ë®–∂Ÿ°π”‰ª„™â„π°√√¡«‘∏’º≈‘µÕ◊ËπµàÕ

À√◊Õ “¡“√∂„™â„π°“√µ—¥™‘Èπß“π ”‡√Á®°Á‰¥â °√√¡«‘∏’°“√µ—¥‚≈À–·ºàπ‡ªìπÀπ÷Ëß„π°√√¡«‘∏’À≈—°∑’Ë„™â„πÕÿµ “À°√√¡

°“√º≈‘µµà“ßÊ ‡™àπ °“√º≈‘µ™‘Èπ à«π¬“π¬πµå·≈–Õ‘‡≈Á°∑√Õπ‘° å °“√º≈‘µ‡§√◊ËÕß„™â„π§√—«‡√◊Õ𠇪ìπµâπ ‚¥¬‡©æ“–

„πªí®®ÿ∫—πÕÿµ “À°√√¡°“√º≈‘µ™‘Èπ à«π¬“π¬πµå¢Õ߉∑¬ ‰¥â¡’°“√‡®√‘≠‡µ‘∫‚µÕ¬à“ß√«¥‡√Á«·≈–µàÕ‡π◊ËÕß µÕ∫ πÕß

µàÕ°“√¬â“¬∞“πº≈‘µ¢ÕߺŸâª√–°Õ∫°“√√–¥—∫‚≈°¡“¬—ߪ√–‡∑»‰∑¬ „π°√√¡«‘∏’°“√µ—¥‚≈À–·ºà𮔇ªìπµâÕß„™â·¡àæ‘¡æå

µ—¥ ·¡àæ‘¡æåµ—¥∑’Ë¥’®–∑”„À≥ⷺàπ‡ª≈à“ (blank) ∑’Ë¡’§ÿ≥¿“æÀ√◊Õ¡’¢π“¥‡∑’ˬߵ√ß ´÷Ëß®–‰¡à √â“ߪí≠À“µàÕ°√√¡«‘∏’

º≈‘µ≈”¥—∫∂—¥‰ª „π°√√¡«‘∏’µ—¥‡ªìπ°“√∑”ß“π‚¥¬µâÕß„À⧫“¡‡§âπ°—∫™‘Èπß“π∑’Ë¡’§à“ ŸßæÕ∑’Ë®–∑”„À♑Èπß“π¢“¥ÕÕ°®“°

°—π‰¥â ¥—ßπ—È𧫓¡‡§âπ∑’Ë°√–∑”µàÕ·¡àæ‘¡æåµ—¥°Á®–¡’§à“ Ÿß¡“°‡™àπ‡¥’¬«°—π  àߺ≈„Àâ°“√ ÷°À√Õ¢Õß·¡àæ‘¡æ凪ìπ

ªí≠À“∑’Ë ”§—≠„π°“√µ—¥ ‡æ√“–‡¡◊ËÕ·¡àæ‘¡æ凰‘¥°“√ ÷°À√Õ®–∑”„À♑Èπß“π∑’ˉ¥â¡’§ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õ∫µ—¥∑’Ë·¬à≈ß §«“¡‡∑’ˬß

µ√ߢÕߢπ“¥≈¥≈ß ·≈–∑”„À⇰‘¥§√’∫ (burr) ∫π¢Õ∫µ—¥´÷Ë߇ªìπ ‘Ëß∑’ˉ¡àµâÕß°“√ Ÿß¢÷Èπ „π°√√¡«‘∏’°“√µ—¥®÷ß®”‡ªìπ

µâÕ߇≈◊Õ°«— ¥ÿ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√∑”·¡àæ‘¡æå‚¥¬‡©æ“–‡À≈Á°‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ (tool steel) ∑’Ë¡’§«“¡·¢Áß·√ß Ÿß ¡’§«“¡ “¡“√∂„π

°“√™ÿ∫º‘«·¢Á߉¥â¥’ ∑π°“√ ÷°À√Õ‰¥â Ÿß ‡ªìπµâπ ∑’˺à“π¡“ß“π«‘®—¬∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢Õß°—∫°“√µ—¥ ®–¡’∑—Èß„π à«π¢Õß°“√

∑¥≈Õß®√‘ß·≈–°“√®”≈Õß°“√∑”ß“π‚¥¬„™â‰ø‰πµå‡Õ≈‘‡¡πµå ´÷Ëß à«π„À≠à®–¡ÿà߇πâπ‰ª∑’Ë°“√»÷°…“Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈¢Õß

µ—«·ª√µà“ßÊ „π°“√µ—¥ ∑’Ë¡’º≈µàÕ§ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õ∫µ—¥¢Õß™‘Èπß“π∑’ˉ¥â [1, 2] ‚¥¬ß“π«‘®—¬∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√ ÷°À√Õ¢Õß

·¡àæ‘¡æåµ—¥®–¡’Õ¬ŸàπâÕ¬¡“° ‡™àπ ß“π«‘®—¬¢Õß‚° ‘∑∏‘Ï [3] ·≈– Luo [4] ´÷Ëß∑”°“√»÷°…“Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈¢Õߧ«“¡·¢Áß·¡à

æ‘¡æå·≈–¡ÿ¡‡©◊Õπ¢Õßæ—π™å∑’Ë¡’º≈µàÕ°“√ ÷°À√Õ¢Õß·¡àæ‘¡æ嵓¡≈”¥—∫ Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡ Nillson [5] ‰¥â∑”°“√»÷°…“

°“√ ÷°À√Õ¢Õß·¡àæ‘¡æå∑’Ë∑”¡“®“°«— ¥ÿµà“ß™π‘¥°—π ·µàß“π¥—ß°≈à“«®–¡ÿà߇πâπ‰ª∑’Ë°“√ª√–™“ —¡æ—π∏å∑“ß°“√§â“ ‚¥¬

‡≈◊Õ°„™â«— ¥ÿµà“߇°√¥∑’Ë¡“®“°ºŸâº≈‘µ√“¬‡¥’¬«°—π∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ ∑”„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’ˉ¥â‰¡à “¡“√∂π”¡“„™â°—∫°√≥’Õ◊ËπÊ ‰¥â®“°

ß“π«‘®—¬·≈–∑ƒ…Æ’∑’˺à“π¡“ æ∫«à“°“√ ÷°À√Õ¢Õß·¡àæ‘¡æåµ—¥´÷Ëß¡—°Õ¬Ÿà„π√Ÿª·∫∫°“√¢’¥¢à«π ·≈–Õ“®¡’√Ÿª·∫∫¬÷¥µ‘¥

ªπÕ¬Ÿà¥â«¬π—Èπ ®– “¡“√∂≈¥≈߉¥â∂Ⓡ≈◊Õ°„™â«— ¥ÿ∑’Ë¡’§«“¡·¢Áß¡“°¢÷Èπ „πß“π«‘®—¬π’È¡’«—µ∂ÿª√– ß§å∑’˵âÕß°“√»÷°…“

‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡¢÷Èπ π—Ëπ§◊ÕµâÕß°“√∑’Ë®–∑√“∫«à“„π°“√‡≈◊Õ°„™â«— ¥ÿ∑”æ‘¡æåπÕ°®“°§«“¡·¢Áß·≈â« ¬—ß¡’Õߧåª√–°Õ∫Õ◊ËπÕ’°

À√◊Õ‰¡à∑’Ë¡’º≈µàÕ°“√ ÷°À√Õ ‚¥¬„π∑’Ëπ’È¡ÿà߇πâπ‰ª∑’Ë°“√‡≈◊Õ°«— ¥ÿ∑”æ‘¡æå∑’Ë¡’ à«πº ¡∑“߇§¡’·µ°µà“ß°—π ‚¥¬ ÿà¡

‡≈◊Õ°‡°√¥∑’Ë„™â°—π∑—Ë«‰ª„π¿“§Õÿµ “À°√√¡¢÷Èπ¡“ ’誹Դ (‡°√¥µ“¡¡“µ√∞“πÕÿµ “À°√√¡ª√–‡∑»≠’˪ÿÉπ: JIS) ‚¥¬

∑”°“√™ÿ∫·¢Á߇æ◊ËÕ„À≥â√–¥—∫§«“¡·¢Áß∑’ˇ∑à“°—π ‡æ◊ËÕµ—¥Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈¢Õߧ«“¡·¢ÁߢÕß«— ¥ÿÕÕ°‰ª ´÷Ëß«— ¥ÿ∑”æ‘¡æå∑’Ë„™â

„πß“π«‘®—¬π’ȧ◊Õ ‡À≈Á°‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ SKD11 SKS3 SKH51 ·≈– S50C ‚¥¬π”·¡àæ‘¡æå∑’Ë∑”®“°«— ¥ÿ∑—Èß ’Ë™π‘¥¡“µ—¥

™‘Èπß“π«— ¥ÿ (JIS) G3141 SPCC §«“¡Àπ“¢Õß™‘Èπß“π 0.8 ¡‘≈≈‘‡¡µ√ ·≈â«∑”°“√∫—π∑÷°º≈°“√ ÷°À√Õ¢Õß·¡à

æ‘¡æ姫∫§Ÿà°—∫§ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õ∫µ—¥¢Õß™‘Èπß“π ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ∑√“∫∂÷ß惵‘°√√¡°“√ ÷°À√Õ¢Õß·¡àæ‘¡æå∑’Ë∑”®“°«— ¥ÿ·µà≈–™π‘¥

·≈–‰¥â∑√“∫«à“¬—ß¡’ªí®®—¬Õ◊Ëπ∑’ËπÕ°‡Àπ◊Õ®“°§«“¡·¢ÁßÀ≈—ß°“√Õ∫™ÿ∫À√◊Õ‰¡à∑’Ë¡’Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈µàÕ°“√ ÷°À√Õ¢Õß·¡àæ‘¡æåµ—¥

«“√ “√«‘®—¬·≈–æ—≤π“ ¡®∏. ªï∑’Ë 28 ©∫—∫∑’Ë 2 ‡¡…“¬π-¡‘∂ÿπ“¬π 2548172

2. °√√¡«‘∏’°“√µ—¥·≈–°“√ ÷°À√Õ„π·¡àæ‘¡æåµ—¥

2.1 惵‘°√√¡°“√µ—¥‚≈À–·ºàπ

°√√¡«‘∏’°“√µ—¥‚≈À– (sheet metal cutting or blanking) ‡ªìπ°“√µ—¥‚≈À–·ºàπ„À⢓¥ÕÕ°®“°°—π

‚¥¬°“√„™â·¡àæ‘¡æåµ—¥ (blanking die) ́ ÷Ëߪ√–°Õ∫¥â«¬æ—π™å (punch) ·≈–¥“¬ (die) ¥—ß· ¥ß„π√Ÿª∑’Ë 1(°) 惵‘°√√¡

°“√µ—¥‚≈À–· ¥ß„π√Ÿª∑’Ë 1(¢) π—Ëπ§◊Õ ‡√‘Ë¡µâπæ—π™å®–°¥≈ß∫π™‘Èπß“π ∑”„Àâ‡π◊ÈÕ‚≈À–‰À≈‡¢â“‰ª„π™àÕߢÕߥ“¬®π

‡≈¬¢’¥®”°—¥°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ√Ÿª·∫∫¬◊¥À¬ÿàπ¢Õß‚≈À– (elastic limit) ‡¡◊ËÕÕÕ°·√ß°¥∑’Ëæ—π™å‡æ‘Ë¡¡“°¢÷Èπ ∑”„Àâ‡π◊ÈÕ‚≈À–

‡°‘¥°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ√Ÿª‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ‡ªìπ™à«ß°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß√ŸªÕ¬à“ß∂“«√ (plastic deformation) ·≈–‡¡◊ËÕæ—π™å°¥≈÷°≈߉ª

„π™‘Èπß“π‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ ®π°√–∑—Ëߧ«“¡‡§âπ¥÷ß∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ„π‡π◊ÈÕ«— ¥ÿ Ÿß‡°‘π§à“¢’¥®”°—¥§«“¡·¢Áß·√ߢÕß«— ¥ÿ ®–∑”„À⇰‘¥

√Õ¬·µ°‡≈Á°Ê ¢÷Èπ (crack initiation) ∫√‘‡«≥‡Àπ◊Õ§¡µ—¥¢Õßæ—π™å·≈–¥“¬‡≈Á°πâÕ¬ ·≈–‡¡◊ËÕæ—π™å¬—ߧ߰¥≈ß¡“

Õ¬à“ßµàÕ‡π◊ËÕß√Õ¬·µ°¥—ß°≈à“«®–¢¬“¬µ—«¡“µàÕ‡π◊ËÕß°—πÕ¬à“ß√«¥‡√Á« ®–∑”„Àâ‚≈À–©’°¢“¥ÕÕ°®“°°—π ™à«ßπ’È·√ß

„π°“√µ—¥®–≈¥≈ßÕ¬à“ß√«¥‡√Á«¥—ß· ¥ß„π√Ÿª¥—ß°≈à“«

®“°æƒµ‘°√√¡°“√µ—¥‚≈À–·ºàπ¢â“ßµâπ ®–∑”„Àâ¢Õ∫™‘Èπß“π∑’ˉ¥â®“°°“√µ—¥ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ ’Ë à«π ”§—≠

¥—ß· ¥ß„π√Ÿª∑’Ë 2 π—Ëπ§◊Õª√–°Õ∫‰ª¥â«¬ (1)  à«π‚§âß¡π (die roll) ÷́Ë߇°‘¥®“°°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß√Ÿª√à“ßÕ¬à“ß∂“«√

¢Õß™‘Èπß“π∑’Ë∂Ÿ°¥÷ß‚¥¬§¡µ—¥¢Õßæ—π™å·≈–¥“¬ (2)  à«π‡√’¬∫µ√ß (shear surface) ‡°‘¥®“°‡π◊ÈÕ«— ¥ÿ∑’Ë∂Ÿ°§¡µ—¥

¢Õßæ—π™å·≈–¥“¬‡©◊Õπ„À⇰‘¥‡ªìπ à«π∑’Ë¡’º‘«‡√’¬∫µ√ß (3)  à«π√Õ¬·µ° (fracture surface) ‡°‘¥®“°°“√∑’Ë

§«“¡‡§âπ∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ„π‡π◊ÈÕ«— ¥ÿ¡’§à“ Ÿß‡°‘π°«à“¢’¥®”°—¥∑’Ë«— ¥ÿ “¡“√∂√—∫‰¥â ∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√©’°¢“¥ÕÕ°®“°°—π°àÕπ∑’Ë®–

∂Ÿ°§¡µ—¥¢Õßæ—π™å·≈–¥“¬‡©◊Õπ  à«π√Õ¬·µ°®–¡’≈—°…≥–‡ªìπº‘«¢√ÿ¢√–·≈–‡Õ’¬ß∑”¡ÿ¡°—∫∑‘»∑“ß°“√µ—¥ (4) §√’∫

(Burr) ¡’≈—°…≥–‡ªìπ¢Õ∫∫“ß∑’Ë¡’§«“¡§¡ ‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ√Õ∫Ê ¢Õ∫µ—¥ §√’∫®–‡ªìπ ‘Ëß∑’ˉ¡àµâÕß°“√„π°“√µ—¥™‘Èπß“π ·≈–

 “¡“√∂„™â§√’∫‡ªìπ ‘Ëß∑’Ë∫àß∫Õ°Õ“¬ÿ°“√„™âß“π¢Õß·¡àæ‘¡æåµ—¥‰¥â ‡π◊ËÕß®“°·¡àæ‘¡æå∑’Ë ÷°À√Õ¡“°¢÷Èπ®–¡’§√’∫∑’Ë¡’

æ—π™å ·ºàπª≈¥™‘Èπß“π

(°) °√√¡«‘∏’°“√µ—¥‚≈À–·ºàπ (¢) 惵‘°√√¡°“√µ—¥‚≈À–·ºàπ [6]

√Ÿª∑’Ë 1 °√√¡«‘∏’°“√µ—¥·≈–惵‘°√√¡°“√µ—¥‚≈À–·ºàπ

«— ¥ÿ™‘Èπß“π

«“√ “√«‘®—¬·≈–æ—≤π“ ¡®∏. ªï∑’Ë 28 ©∫—∫∑’Ë 2 ‡¡…“¬π-¡‘∂ÿπ“¬π 2548 173

¢π“¥‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ‡™àπ‡¥’¬«°—π ¥—ßπ—Èπ∂â“¢π“¥¢Õߧ√’∫„À≠à‡°‘π°«à“∑’Ë®–π”™‘Èπß“π‰ª„™â‰¥â °ÁµâÕßπ”·¡àæ‘¡æåµ—¥¡“∑”°“√

ª√—∫·µàß„À¡à À√◊ÕÕ“®µâÕ߇ª≈’ˬπæ—π™åÀ√◊Õ¥“¬∂â“¡’§«“¡®”‡ªìπ

2.2 √Ÿª·∫∫°“√ ÷°À√Õ∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ°—∫·¡àæ‘¡æåµ—¥™‘Èπß“π

‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª°“√ ÷°À√Õ∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ∫√‘‡«≥§¡µ—¥¢Õßæ—π™å‡°‘¥‰¥â 6 ≈—°…≥–§◊Õ

2.2.1 °“√ ÷°À√Õ·∫∫‡™◊ËÕ¡À√◊Õ¬÷¥µ‘¥°—π (adhesive wear) §◊Õ °“√ ÷°À√Õ∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°°“√‡™◊ËÕ¡À√◊Õ‡¬‘È¡µ‘¥

°—π¢Õߺ‘«‚≈À– ®–‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ‡¡◊ËÕ«— ¥ÿ∑—Èß Õß™π‘¥‡°‘¥°“√‡ ’¬¥ ’°—π‡π’ËÕß®“°æ◊Èπ∑’Ë∑’Ë —¡º— °—π√–À«à“ߺ‘« Õߺ‘«¡“° ®–

∑”„À⇰‘¥§«“¡‡§âπ‡°‘π°«à“®ÿ¥§√“°µ—«¢Õß«— ¥ÿ (yield point) ·≈–®–∑”„À⇰‘¥·√߬÷¥‡°“–°—π∑“ß‚¡‡≈°ÿ≈¢÷Èπ ‡¡◊ËÕ

„Àâ·√߇æ◊ËÕ∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’˵àÕ‰ª∫√‘‡«≥°“√¬÷¥µ‘¥°—π®–∂Ÿ°¥÷ß„ÀâÀ≈ÿ¥ÕÕ°¡“ [10]

2.2.2 °“√ ÷°À√Õ·∫∫°“√¢—¥∂ŸÀ√◊Õ¢’¥¢à«π (abrasive wear) §◊Õ °“√ ÷°À√Õ∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°æƒµ‘°√√¡°“√

¢’¥¢à«π ¢—¥∂Ÿ À√◊Õ°√–·∑° ´÷Ëß°“√°√–∑”‡À≈à“π’È∑”„Àâ‡π◊ÈÕ«— ¥ÿÀ≈ÿ¥ÕÕ°¡“„π≈—°…≥–‡ªìπÕπÿ¿“§‡≈Á° Ê [10]

2.2.3 °“√ ÷°À√Õ∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°°“√≈⓵—« (fatigue wear) §◊Õ °“√ ÷°À√Õ∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°™‘Èπß“π‰¥â√—∫°“√°√–∑”‰¡à

§ß∑’Ë¡’≈—°…≥–‡ªìπ§“∫ (cyclic load) §◊Õ√—∫·√ߥ÷ß·≈–Õ—¥ ≈—∫°—π‰ª·≈–∑”„À⇰‘¥§«“¡≈â“„µâº‘«¢Õß™‘Èπß“π¢÷Èπ ∑”„Àâ

º‘«¢Õß™‘Èπß“π‡°‘¥°“√À≈ÿ¥ÕÕ°‰ª [10] §«“¡‡ ’¬À“¬∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ®–¡’≈—°…≥–‡ªìπÀ≈ÿ¡‡ªìπ∫àÕÀ√◊Õ„π≈—°…≥–°“√‡°‘¥

√Õ¬√â“«¢÷Èπ∑’˺‘«™‘Èπß“π

2.2.4 °“√ ÷°À√Õ∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°°“√™π (impact wear) §◊Õ °“√ ÷°À√Õ∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°Õπÿ¿“§‡≈Á°Ê ¢Õ߇»…∑’ËÀ≈ÿ¥

ÕÕ°À√◊Õ¢Õ߇À≈« ‡°‘¥°“√°√–·∑°°—∫º‘«¢Õß«— ¥ÿ¥â«¬§«“¡‡√Á«·≈–§«“¡·√ß Ÿß ∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√·µ°À√◊ÕÀ≈ÿ¥ÕÕ°

¢Õߺ‘««— ¥ÿ ´÷Ëß°“√ ÷°À√Õπ’È®–ª√–¡“≥‰¥â®“°‡»…À√◊Õ«— ¥ÿ∑’Ë™π°—∫º‘« ´÷Ëߧ«“¡‡√Á«„π°“√™π∑’Ë¡“°°«à“®–∑”„Àâ

°“√ ÷°À√Õ‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ Ÿß°«à“ [11]

2.2.5 °“√ ÷°À√Õ®“°°“√°—¥°√àÕπ (corrosion wear) §◊Õ °“√ ÷°À√Õ∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°°“√‡°‘¥ÕÕ°´‘‡¥™—Ëπ

(oxidation) ¢÷Èπ∑’˺‘«¢Õß«— ¥ÿ∑”„À⺑«‡°‘¥®ÿ¥∫°æ√àÕߢ÷Èπ  àߺ≈„À⇡◊ËÕ¡’·√ß°√–∑”∑’˺‘«‡æ‘Ë¡ Ÿß¢÷Èπ ‡π◊ÈÕ‚≈À–µ√ß

∫√‘‡«≥¬Õ¥º‘« (asperity) ®–À≈ÿ¥ÕÕ°®“°º‘«¢Õß«— ¥ÿ‰¥âßà“¬ ∑”„Àâæ◊Èπ∑’Ë —¡º— ¢Õߺ‘« Õߺ‘«‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ ‡°‘¥°“√

 ÷°À√Õ·∫∫°“√‡™◊ËÕ¡À√◊Õ¬÷¥µ‘¥‰¥âßà“¬¢÷Èπ [11]

√Ÿª∑’Ë 2 ¢Õ∫™‘Èπß“π∑’ˉ¥â®“°°“√µ—¥¥â«¬·¡àæ‘¡æå

 à«π‚§âß¡π à«π‡√’¬∫µ√ß

 à«π√Õ¬·µ°

§√’∫

«“√ “√«‘®—¬·≈–æ—≤π“ ¡®∏. ªï∑’Ë 28 ©∫—∫∑’Ë 2 ‡¡…“¬π-¡‘∂ÿπ“¬π 2548174

2.2.6 °“√ ÷°À√Õ·∫∫°“√·µ°·¬°™—Èπ (delamination wear) §◊Õ °“√ ÷°À√Õ∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°‡»…∑’ËÀ≈ÿ¥®“°°“√

 ÷°À√Õ„π≈—°…≥–°“√¢’¥¢à«π∑”ªØ‘°‘√‘¬“∑”„À⇰‘¥ÕÕ°‰´¥å (oxide) ¢÷Èπ ́ ÷Ë߇»…π’È®–∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√ ÷°À√Õ·∫∫¢’¥¢à«π

‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ °“√ ÷°À√Õ„π≈—°…≥–°“√·µ°·¬°™—Èππ’È®–√«¡∂÷ß°“√·µ°®“°§«“¡≈⓵—«¢Õߺ‘«∑’Ë¡’µ—«À≈àÕ≈◊Ëπ‡¢â“¡“ µ‘¥Õ¬Ÿà

‚¥¬‡¡◊ËÕ¡’·√ß°√–∑”√–À«à“ߺ‘«µ—«À≈àÕ≈◊Ëπ®–‡ªìπ‡À¡◊Õπ°—∫≈‘Ë¡¥—π„À⇰‘¥√Õ¬·µ°·≈–¢¬“¬√Õ¬·µ°ÕÕ° [11]

3. «— ¥ÿÕÿª°√≥å·≈–«‘∏’°“√«‘®—¬

„πß“π«‘®—¬π’È¡ÿàß»÷°…“°“√ ÷°À√Õ¢Õß·¡àæ‘¡æåµ—¥ ®–∑”°“√»÷°…“°“√ ÷°À√Õ¢Õßæ—π™å‡∑à“π—Èπ ‚¥¬„™âæ—π™å∑’Ë

¡’¢π“¥‡ âπºà“»Ÿπ¬å°≈“ß¢π“¥ 25 ¡¡. ®”π«π 4 ™‘Èπ ´÷Ëß∑”¡“®“°«— ¥ÿ™π‘¥µà“ßÊ 4 ™π‘¥ §◊Õ ‡À≈Á°‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ (JIS)

SKD11, SKS3, SKH51 ·≈– S50C  à«π¥“¬®–∑”¡“®“°‡À≈Á°‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ SKD11 ‡À¡◊Õπ°—π∑—Èß 4 ™‘Èπ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°

‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª√Ÿª·∫∫°“√ ÷°À√Õ¢Õßæ—π™å·≈–¥“¬®–¡’≈—°…≥–§≈⓬°—π·µà°“√ ÷°À√Õ¢Õßæ—π™å®–‡√Á«°«à“¥“¬ [3]  à«π

º ¡∑“߇§¡’¢Õ߇À≈Á°‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ·µà≈–™π‘¥· ¥ß„πµ“√“ß∑’Ë 1 (§à“‡©≈’ˬ∑’ˉ¥â®“°°“√µ√«® Õ∫®√‘ß‚¥¬ºŸâº≈‘µ) „π

°“√µ—¥„™â™àÕß«à“ß·¡àæ‘¡æå§ß∑’˧◊Õ√âÕ¬≈– 5 ¢Õߧ«“¡Àπ“™‘Èπß“π æ—π™å∑’Ë„™â„πß“π«‘®—¬®–ºà“π°“√Õ∫™ÿ∫‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ¡’

§«“¡·¢Á߇∑à“°—π§◊Õ 59 ± 1 HRC ‚¥¬‰¥â∑”°“√µ√«® Õ∫§«“¡·¢ÁߢÕߺ‘«æ—π™åÀ≈—ß°“√Õ∫™ÿ∫ (‡≈◊Õ°µ√«® Õ∫

∫√‘‡«≥Àπâ“æ—π™å∑’Ë„°≈⧡µ—¥) ·≈–µ√«® Õ∫¢π“¥¡‘µ‘¢Õßæ—π™å·≈–¥“¬¥â«¬‚æ√‰ø≈傪√‡®§‡µÕ√å (profile

projector) ‡æ◊ËÕ¬◊π¬—π«à“Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫∑’ˉ¥â°”Àπ¥‰«â ‡π◊ËÕß®“°™π‘¥¢Õ߇À≈Á°‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ∑’Ë„™â„πß“π«‘®—¬·µ°µà“ß°—π®÷ß

∑”°“√Õ∫™ÿ∫¥â«¬«‘∏’°“√µà“ß°—π °√√¡«‘∏’°“√Õ∫™ÿ∫¢Õ߇À≈Á°‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ·µà≈–™π‘¥· ¥ß„πµ“√“ß∑’Ë 2 «— ¥ÿ™‘Èπß“π∑’Ë

„™â„π°“√∑¥ Õ∫‡ªìπ‡À≈Á° (JIS) G3141 SPCC (AISI 1012) §«“¡Àπ“ 0.8 ¡¡. ´÷Ë߇ªìπ‡À≈Á°∑’Ë„™â∑”µ—«∂—ß·≈–

™‘Èπ à«π¢Õß√∂¬πµå‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª ¢≥–∑’ˇß◊ËÕπ‰¢Õ◊ËπÊ „Àâ§ß∑’ˉ«â¥—ßπ’È

- ¢π“¥§«“¡°«â“ߢÕß·ºàπ µ√‘ª 28 ¡¡.

- ‡§√◊ËÕ߇æ√ ·∫∫‡æ≈“¢âÕ‡À«’ˬßÀ√◊Õ·∫∫‡¬◊ÈÕß»Ÿπ¬å (eccentric press) ¢π“¥ 630 °‘‚≈π‘«µ—π

- §«“¡‡√Á«¢≥–∑”°“√µ—¥§ß∑’ˇ∑à“°—∫ 30 ¡¡./«‘π“∑’

- ‰¡à„™â “√À≈àÕ≈◊Ëπ„π°“√∑¥≈Õß

‡À≈Á°‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ C Si Mn Ni Cr Mo V Cu W

SKD11 1.50 0.40 0.60 0.50 12.0 1.00 0.35 - -

SKS3 0.95 0.30 1.10 0.25 0.85 - - 0.25 0.70

SKH51 0.85 0.40 0.40 - 4.15 5.00 1.90 - 6.10S50C 0.50 0.40 0.75 - - - - - -

µ“√“ß∑’Ë 1  à«πª√–°Õ∫∑“߇§¡’ (√âÕ¬≈–) ¢Õ߇À≈Á°‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ∑’Ë„™â„πß“π«‘®—¬

µ“√“ß∑’Ë 2 °√√¡«‘∏’°“√Õ∫™ÿ∫¢Õ߇À≈Á°‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ·µà≈–™π‘¥

‡À≈Á°‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ °√√¡«‘∏’°“√Õ∫™ÿ∫

SKD11 Hardening (Air cooling) and Tempering (Air cooling)

SKS3 Hardening (Oil/Salt cooling) and Tempering (Air cooling)SKH51 Hardening (Oil cooling) and Tempering (Air cooling)S50C Pack-Carburizing

«“√ “√«‘®—¬·≈–æ—≤π“ ¡®∏. ªï∑’Ë 28 ©∫—∫∑’Ë 2 ‡¡…“¬π-¡‘∂ÿπ“¬π 2548 175

„π°“√∑”°“√µ—¥¥â«¬æ—π™å·µà≈–™π‘¥®–À¬ÿ¥µ—¥‡æ◊ËÕ∂Õ¥æ—π™åÕÕ°¡“∑”°“√«—¥ ´÷Ëßæ—π™å∑’Ë„™â‡ªìπ·∫∫Õ‘π‡ ‘√å∑

™π‘¥¡’∫à“ ‚¥¬„π°“√ª√–°Õ∫°≈—∫∑ÿ°§√—ÈßÀ≈—ß∂Õ¥ÕÕ°®–§«∫§ÿ¡‰¡à„À⇰‘¥°“√‡¬◊ÈÕß»Ÿπ¬å¢÷Èπ‚¥¬„™â·ºàπ¬÷¥æ—π™å (punch

holder) ∑’Ë¡’§«“¡‡∑’ˬߵ√ß Ÿß ∑ÿ°§√—Èß∑’ËÀ¬ÿ¥«—¥®–∑”°“√∫—π∑÷°º≈¥—ßπ’È

- µ√«®«—¥°“√ ÷°À√Õ¥â“πÀπâ“·≈–¥â“π¢â“ߢÕßæ—π™å∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ ‚¥¬„™â‡§√◊ËÕß«—¥§«“¡‡√’¬∫º‘«·≈–§Õπ∑—«√å

(surface roughness and contour measuring device) ´÷Ëß “¡“√∂„™â«—¥√Ÿª√à“ß (profile) §¡µ—¥∑’ˇª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß

‡π◊ËÕß®“°°“√ ÷°À√Õ‰¥â

- ™—ËßπÌÈ“Àπ—°¢Õßæ—π™å¥â«¬‡§√◊ËÕß™—Ëߥ‘®‘µÕ≈ (·∫∫ analytical plus electronic balances) §«“¡·¡àπ¬”

0.001 °√—¡ ‡æ◊ËÕπ”¡“„™â„π°“√§”π«≥À“√âÕ¬≈–¢Õß°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ßπÈ”Àπ—°‡π◊ËÕß®“°°“√ ÷°À√Õ¢Õßæ—π™å∑’Ë∑”

®“°«— ¥ÿ·µà≈–™π‘¥

- ∂à“¬¿“æ°“√ ÷°À√Õ¢Õßæ—π™å√«¡∑—ÈߢÕ∫µ—¥¢Õß™‘Èπß“π ·≈–«—¥¢π“¥ à«πµà“ßÊ ¢ÕߢÕ∫µ—¥∑’Ë

‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈߉ª‡¡◊ËÕæ—π™å‡°‘¥°“√ ÷°À√Õ‚¥¬„™â°≈âÕß®ÿ≈∑√√»πå (optical microscope: 50x) √à«¡°—∫‚ª√·°√¡ Kontron

Image Pro.

4. º≈°“√∑¥≈Õß·≈–«‘‡§√“–Àåº≈

4.1 °“√ ÷°À√Õ¢Õßæ—π™å

°“√ ÷°À√Õ¢Õßæ—π™å· ¥ß‰¥â¥â«¬°“√≈¥≈ߢÕßπÈ”Àπ—°æ—π™å (√âÕ¬≈–¢Õß°“√≈¥≈ߢÕßπÈ”Àπ—°‡∑’¬∫

°—∫πÈ”Àπ—°‡√‘Ë¡µâπ) √–¬–¢Õß°“√ ÷°À√Õ∑“ߥâ“π¢â“ß (flank wear) ·≈–¥â“πÀπâ“ (face wear) ¥—ß√Ÿª∑’Ë 3, 4 ·≈– 5

µ“¡≈”¥—∫ µ—«Õ¬à“ß¿“æ∂à“¬¥â“π¢â“ߢÕßæ—π™å·µà≈–™π‘¥‡¡◊ËÕ∑”°“√µ—¥‡ªìπ®”π«π 100 ·≈– 10,000 §√—Èß · ¥ß„π

√Ÿª∑’Ë 6 (√–¬– L ∑’Ë· ¥ß„π√Ÿª§◊Õ√–¬–°“√ ÷°À√Õ¥â“π¢â“ߢÕßæ—π™å) ´÷Ëß· ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ«à“°“√ ÷°À√Õ¢Õßæ—π™å®–‡°‘¥

¢÷ÈπÕ¬à“ß™—¥‡®π‡¡◊ËÕ∑”°“√µ—¥‡ªìπ®”π«π 10,000 §√—Èß ®“°º≈°“√∑¥≈Õߢâ“ßµâπ ®–‡ÀÁπ‰¥â«à“°“√≈¥≈ߢÕßπÈ”Àπ—°

æ—π™å·≈–√–¬–°“√ ÷°À√Õ∑—Èß Õߥâ“π¡’·π«‚π⡧≈⓬°—π °≈à“«§◊Õ „π™à«ß·√°¢Õß°“√µ—¥ °“√ ÷°À√Õ¢Õßæ—π™å∑ÿ°

µ—«‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷ÈπÕ¬à“ß√«¥‡√Á« ®“°π—Èπ‡¡◊ËÕ®”π«π§√—ÈߢÕß°“√µ—¥™‘Èπß“π‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ °“√ ÷°À√Õ®–‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ„πÕ—µ√“∑’Ë™â“≈ß ‚¥¬

°“√ ÷°À√Õ®–‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷ÈππâÕ¬≈ß®π‡°◊Õ∫®–§ß∑’Ë„π™à«ß°“√µ—¥µ—Èß·µàª√–¡“≥ 6,000 ™‘Èπ‡ªìπµâπ‰ª ‡π◊ËÕß®“°„π™à«ß

·√°¢Õß°“√µ—¥‡¡◊ËÕ‡°‘¥°“√‡ ’¬¥ ’°—π√–À«à“ߺ‘«æ—π™å°—∫·ºàπ‚≈À– ∑”„Àâ¬Õ¥º‘«¢Õßæ—π™å∂Ÿ°‡©◊ÕπÀ≈ÿ¥ÕÕ°¡“„π

≈—°…≥–Õπÿ¿“§‡≈Á°Ê ∑’Ë¡’§«“¡·¢Áß Ÿß Õπÿ¿“§¥—ß°≈à“«®–¢Ÿ¥º‘«¢Õßæ—π™å∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√ ÷°À√Õ·∫∫¢’¥¢à«π [7] °“√

 ÷°À√Õ∑—Èß Õߥâ“π®–§àÕ¬Ê ≈¥≈߇¡◊ËÕ®”π«π§√—Èß„π°“√µ—¥‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ ·≈–‡¡◊ËÕ∑”°“√µ—¥™‘Èπß“π®π‡°‘π°«à“ 6,000 §√—Èß

æ∫«à“™ÿ¥·¡àæ‘¡æåµ—¥·µà≈–™ÿ¥¡’°“√ ÷°À√Õ‡°◊Õ∫§ß∑’Ë ®“°°“√∑’Ë√–¬–™àÕß«à“ß·¡àæ‘¡æå·µà≈–µ—«∂Ÿ°¢¬“¬„À≠à¢÷Èπ·≈–

§¡µ—¥‡°‘¥°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ√Ÿª√à“߇ªìπ√—»¡’ ®÷߇°‘¥°“√‡ ’¬¥ ’∑’Ë√ÿπ·√߉¡à¡“°  àߺ≈„Àâº≈°“√ ÷°À√Õ∑’˺‘«πâÕ¬≈ß ÷́Ëß®“°

°√“ø∑’ˉ¥â¬—ßæ∫«à“°“√ ÷°À√Õ∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ¥â“π¢â“ߢÕßæ—π™å¡’§«“¡√ÿπ·√ß¡“°°«à“°“√ ÷°À√Õ∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ∫√‘‡«≥¥â“πÀπâ“

¢Õßæ—π™å ‡π◊ËÕß®“°°“√‡ ’¬¥ ’∑’Ë√ÿπ·√ß∫√‘‡«≥¥—ß°≈à“« [1]

«“√ “√«‘®—¬·≈–æ—≤π“ ¡®∏. ªï∑’Ë 28 ©∫—∫∑’Ë 2 ‡¡…“¬π-¡‘∂ÿπ“¬π 2548176

√Ÿª∑’Ë 3 °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ßπÈ”Àπ—°¢Õßæ—π™å

√Ÿª∑’Ë 4 °“√ ÷°À√Õ¥â“π¢â“ß∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ°—∫‡À≈Á°∑”·¡àæ‘¡æå™π‘¥µà“ßÊ

√Ÿª∑’Ë 5 °“√ ÷°À√Õ¥â“πÀπâ“∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ°—∫‡À≈Á°∑”·¡àæ‘¡æå™π‘¥µà“ßÊ

0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000

®”π«π§√—Èß„π°“√µ—¥

SKD11SKS3SKH51S50C

°“√≈

¥¢Õß

πÌÈ“Àπ

—° (%

)

«“√ “√«‘®—¬·≈–æ—≤π“ ¡®∏. ªï∑’Ë 28 ©∫—∫∑’Ë 2 ‡¡…“¬π-¡‘∂ÿπ“¬π 2548 177

®“°º≈°“√∑¥≈Õߢâ“ßµâπ ®–æ∫«à“æ—π™å∑’Ë¡’°“√ ÷°À√Õ¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥‡√’¬ß≈”¥—∫®“°¡“°‰ªÀ“πâÕ¬§◊Õ æ—π™å

∑’Ë∑”®“°‡À≈Á° S50C SKH51 SKS3 ·≈– SKD11 µ“¡≈”¥—∫ ·¡â«à“‡À≈Á°∑—Èß ’Ë™π‘¥‰¥â∂Ÿ°π”¡“∑”„À⧫“¡·¢Á߇ªìπ

∫√√∑—¥∞“π‡¥’¬«°—π§◊Õ√–¥—∫ 59 ± 1 HRC °Áµ“¡ ·µà§à“§«“¡·¢Áß∑’Ë«—¥π’ȇªìπ§à“∑’Ë«—¥‰¥â‚¥¬‡§√◊ËÕß«—¥§«“¡·¢Áß„π

·∫∫¡À¿“§ (macro hardness) ‡¡◊ËÕ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫°—∫ß“π«‘®—¬¢Õß Maeda ·≈–§≥– [8] ÷́Ëß∑”§«“¡·¢Áß√–¥—∫

¡À¿“§¢Õßæ—π™å‡∑à“°—π ·µàæ∫«à“§«“¡·¢Áß®ÿ≈¿“§ (micro hardness) ´÷Ëߢ÷ÈπÕ¬Ÿà°—∫‡ø ¢Õß “√ª√–°Õ∫„π‡π◊ÈÕ

«— ¥ÿ¡’§à“·µ°µà“ß°—π ‚¥¬æ∫«à“§«“¡·¢Áß®ÿ≈¿“§‡°‘¥®“°Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈¢Õß “√ª√–°Õ∫§“√å‰∫¥å (metal carbide) °≈à“«

§◊Õ  “√ª√–°Õ∫§“√å‰∫¥å∑’Ë°√–®“¬µ—«Õ¬à“ßÀπ“·πàπ·≈– ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ°«à“ ®–∑”„Àâ§à“§«“¡·¢Áß®ÿ≈¿“§ Ÿß¢÷Èπ ®÷ß∑”„Àâ

§«“¡µâ“π∑“π°“√ ÷°À√Õ¥’¢÷Èπ¥â«¬ ´÷Ëߪ√“°Ø°“√≥套߰≈à“«®– “¡“√∂π”¡“Õ∏‘∫“¬º≈∑’ˉ¥â®“°°“√«‘®—¬‡√◊ËÕßπ’ȉ¥â

π—Ëπ§◊Õ°“√∑’ˇÀ≈Á° SKD11 ·≈– SKS3 ¡’°“√ ÷°À√ÕπâÕ¬‡¡◊ËÕ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫°—∫‡À≈Á° SKH51 ·≈– S50C  “¡“√∂

Õ∏‘∫“¬‰¥â¥â«¬ª√‘¡“≥§“√å∫Õπ∑’Ë·µ°µà“ß°—π¢Õ߇À≈Á°·µà≈–™π‘¥°≈à“«§◊Õ°“√¡’ª√‘¡“≥§“√å∫Õπ Ÿß¢Õ߇À≈Á° SKD11

·≈– SKS3 ∑”„Àâ‡À≈Á°¥—ß°≈à“«¡’‚Õ°“ ‡°‘¥ “√ª√–°Õ∫§“√å‰∫¥å Ÿß°«à“  àߺ≈„Àâ°“√°√–®“¬µ—«¢Õß “√ª√–°Õ∫

§“√å‰∫¥åÀπ“·πàπ°«à“‡À≈Á°∑’Ë¡’ª√‘¡“≥§“√å∫ÕπµË” ‚§√ß √â“ß®ÿ≈¿“§¢Õ߇À≈Á°∑’Ë¡’ª√‘¡“≥§“√å∫Õπ Ÿß°«à“®÷ߧ«√®–

¡’§à“§«“¡·¢Áß®ÿ≈¿“§ Ÿß°«à“ À√◊Õ “¡“√∂°≈à“«‰¥â«à“‡À≈Á°∑’Ë¡’ª√‘¡“≥§“√å∫Õπ Ÿß°«à“®–∑”„Àâ¡’§«“¡∑π∑“πµàÕ°“√

 ÷°À√Õ¥’°«à“‡À≈Á°∑’Ë¡’ª√‘¡“≥§“√å∫ÕπµË” [6] ́ ÷Ëß°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå¢â“ßµâπ®– Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫º≈°“√∑¥≈Õß„π§√—Èßπ’ȇªìπÕ¬à“ߥ’

π—Ëπ§◊Õ°“√ ÷°À√Õ¢Õ߇À≈Á° SKD11 ́ ÷Ëß¡’§“√å∫Õπª√–¡“≥√âÕ¬≈– 1.5 ®–‡°‘¥°“√ ÷°À√ÕπâÕ¬ ÿ¥ √Õß≈ß¡“§◊Õ‡À≈Á°

SKS3 ¡’§“√å∫Õπª√–¡“≥ 0.95 ‡À≈Á° SKH51 ¡’§“√å∫Õπª√–¡“≥ 0.85 ·≈–‡À≈Á° S50C ÷́Ëß¡’§“√å∫Õπª√–¡“≥

0.50 ®–¡’°“√ ÷°À√Õ¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥ πÕ°®“°π—Èπ„π°√≥’¢Õ߇À≈Á° SKD11 ®–¡’∏“µÿ™π‘¥Õ◊Ëπ∑’Ë “¡“√∂√«¡µ—«°—∫

§“√å∫Õπ‡°‘¥‡ªìπ “√ª√–°Õ∫§“√å‰∫¥å‰¥âπÕ°‡Àπ◊Õ®“°‡À≈Á° (Fe) ‡™à𠂧√‡¡’¬¡ (Cr) „πª√‘¡“≥∑’Ë Ÿß‡™àπ‡¥’¬«°—π

®÷߇ªìπÕ’°‡Àµÿº≈Àπ÷Ëß∑’Ë∑”„Àâ SKD11 ‡°‘¥°“√ ÷°À√ÕπâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥

πÕ°®“°π’È §«“¡‡√’¬∫º‘« (surface roughness) ¢Õßæ—π™å°Á‡ªìπÕ’°Àπ÷Ëß “‡Àµÿ∑’Ë∑”„Àâ°“√ ÷°À√Õ·µ°

µà“ß°—πÕÕ°‰ª [10] ‡æ√“–¡’Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈µàÕ°“√ ÷°À√Õ∑—Èß·∫∫°“√¢’¥¢à«π·≈–°“√¬÷¥µ‘¥°—π π—Ëπ§◊Õ°“√ ÷°À√Õ·∫∫°“√

¢Ÿ¥¢’¥À√◊Õ¢’¥¢à«π Ÿß¢÷Èπ‡¡◊ËÕ§«“¡‡√’¬∫º‘«¢ÕߢÕßæ—π™å¡’§à“À¬“∫¢÷Èπ ®“°°“√«—¥§«“¡‡√’¬∫º‘«°àÕπ°“√∑¥≈Õß

æ∫«à“ §à“¢Õߧ«“¡‡√’¬∫º‘«¢Õßæ—π™å∑—Èß ’Ë™π‘¥¡’§à“·µ°µà“ß°—π¥—ßπ’È ‡À≈Á° SKD11, SKS3, SKH51 ·≈– S50C

¡’§à“ Ra ‡∑à“°—∫ 0.0703, 0.0848, 0.2016 ·≈– 0.2146 ‰¡‚§√‡¡µ√ µ“¡≈”¥—∫ ¥—ßπ—Èπº≈°“√«—¥§à“§«“¡‡√’¬∫

º‘«¢Õßæ—π™å®– Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫º≈°“√∑¥≈Õß∑’ˉ¥â‡™àπ‡¥’¬«°—π π—Ëπ§◊Õ SKD11 ∑’Ë¡’º‘«∑’ˇ√’¬∫∑’Ë ÿ¥®–‡°‘¥°“√

 ÷°À√ÕπâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥ „π¢≥–∑’Ë S50C ∑’˺‘«À¬“∫∑’Ë ÿ¥®–‡°‘¥°“√ ÷°À√Õ¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥‡™àπ‡¥’¬«°—π ®“°°“√«—¥§«“¡‡√’¬∫

º‘«¬—ß∑”„Àâ∑√“∫¢π“¥¢Õß¡ÿ¡¬Õ¥º‘« (asperity angle) ‚¥¬æ∫«à“‡À≈Á° SKD11, SKS3, SKH51 ·≈– S50C

¡’§à“¡ÿ¡¬Õ¥º‘« 88.92, 86.37, 80.34 ·≈– 74.31 Õß»“ µ“¡≈”¥—∫ ´÷Ëß®“°ß“π«‘®—¬¢Õß Stoloarski [12] ·≈–

Kato ·≈–§≥– [9] ‰¥â°≈à“«‰«â«à“¢π“¥¢Õß¡ÿ¡¬Õ¥º‘«∑’Ë¡’§à“¡ÿ¡·À≈¡°«à“ ®–∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√ ÷°À√Õ‰¥âßà“¬°«à“¡ÿ¡

¬Õ¥º‘«∑’Ë¡’¡ÿ¡ªÑ“π ‡æ√“–‡¡◊ËÕ‡°‘¥°“√‡ ’¬¥ ’≈—°…≥–¡ÿ¡¥—ß°≈à“«®–À≈ÿ¥À—°‰¥âßà“¬ ∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√ ÷°À√Õ‡√Á« ‡¡◊ËÕ

‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫¢π“¥¢Õß¡ÿ¡¬Õ¥º‘«∑’Ë«—¥‰¥â æ∫«à“‡À≈Á° S50C ∑’Ë¡’¢π“¥¡ÿ¡¢Õ߬եº‘«‡≈Á°∑’Ë ÿ¥®÷ß¡’°“√ ÷°À√Õ¡“°

∑’Ë ÿ¥ „π¢≥–∑’ˇÀ≈Á° SKD 11 ¡’¢π“¥¢Õß¡ÿ¡¬Õ¥º‘«„À≠à∑’Ë ÿ¥®÷ß ÷°À√ÕπâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥

«“√ “√«‘®—¬·≈–æ—≤π“ ¡®∏. ªï∑’Ë 28 ©∫—∫∑’Ë 2 ‡¡…“¬π-¡‘∂ÿπ“¬π 2548178

§√—Èß∑’Ë 100 §√—Èß∑’Ë 10,000(°) ‡À≈Á° SKD11

§√—Èß∑’Ë 100 §√—Èß∑’Ë 10,000(¢) ‡À≈Á° SKS3

§√—Èß∑’Ë 100 §√—Èß∑’Ë 10,000(§) ‡À≈Á° SKH51

§√—Èß∑’Ë 100 §√—Èß∑’Ë 10,000(ß) ‡À≈Á° S50C

√Ÿª∑’Ë 6 ¿“æ∂à“¬°“√ ÷°À√Õ¢Õßæ—π™å∑’Ë∑”®“°‡À≈Á°™π‘¥µà“ßÊ

L

L

L

L

«“√ “√«‘®—¬·≈–æ—≤π“ ¡®∏. ªï∑’Ë 28 ©∫—∫∑’Ë 2 ‡¡…“¬π-¡‘∂ÿπ“¬π 2548 179

®“°°“√∑¥≈Õ߬—ßæ∫«à“æ—π™å∫“ßµ—«¡’°“√°—¥°√àÕπ‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ¥â«¬ π—Ëπ§◊Õæ—π™å∑’Ë∑”¡“®“°‡À≈Á° SKH51 ·≈–

S50C ®–‡°‘¥ π‘¡¢÷Èπ∑’˺‘«Õ¬à“߇ÀÁπ‰¥â™—¥  “‡Àµÿ∑’ˇÀ≈Á° SKH51 ‡°‘¥ π‘¡¢÷Èπ∫√‘‡«≥º‘« ‡π◊ËÕß®“°‡À≈Á°™π‘¥π’ȇªìπ

‡À≈Á°·∫∫æ“«‡¥Õ√剌 ªï¥ °√√¡«‘∏’∑’Ëπ”¡“„™â„π°“√ª√—∫ª√ÿߧÿ≥¿“æ¥â«¬§«“¡√âÕπ®÷ßµâÕßÕ“»—¬«‘∏’摇»…·≈–

„™â™à“ß∑’Ë¡’ª√– ∫°“√≥å„π°“√™ÿ∫ ‡æ√“–Õ“®‡°‘¥√Ÿæ√ÿπ¢÷Èπ‰¥âßà“¬ ∑”„À⇰‘¥ ‘Ë߇®◊Õªπ„π‡À≈Á° Ÿß·≈–∑”„À⇰‘¥ π‘¡

‰¥âßà“¬‡¡◊ËÕ‡°‘¥°“√®—∫µ—«¢Õ߉ÕπÈ”„πÕ“°“» °“√ ÷°À√Õ„π≈—°…≥–°“√°—¥°√àÕππ’È®–∑”„Àâ°“√‡°‘¥°“√ ÷°À√Õ„π

≈—°…≥–°“√¬÷¥µ‘¥‡æ‘Ë¡¡“°¢÷ÈπÕ’°¥â«¬ [13]

4.2 ≈—°…≥–¢Õ∫µ—¥¢Õß™‘Èπß“π

‡¡◊ËÕ∑”°“√µ—¥™‘Èπß“π„π®”π«π§√—Èß∑’ˇæ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ æ∫«à“™‘Èπß“π∑’ˉ¥â®“°æ—π™å·µà≈–™π‘¥®–¡’°“√

‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ߢÕߢÕ∫µ—¥„π≈—°…≥–‡À¡◊Õπ°—π π—Ëπ§◊Õ  à«π‚§âß¡π‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ √–¬–°“√µ—¥‡©◊ÕππâÕ¬≈ß √–¬–°“√©’°

¢“¥‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ ·≈–§√’∫¡’¢π“¥‡æ‘Ë¡ Ÿß¢÷Èπ ¥—ß· ¥ß„π√Ÿª∑’Ë 7 ´÷Ë߇ªìπ¢Õ∫µ—¥¢Õß™‘Èπß“π∑’ˉ¥â®“°°“√µ—¥ ‚¥¬„™âæ—π™å∑’Ë

∑”¡“®“°‡À≈Á° SKD11 ‚¥¬°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ߥ—ß°≈à“«¢ÕߢÕ∫µ—¥‡ªìπº≈¡“®“°°“√ ÷°À√Õ∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ°—∫æ—π™å·≈–¥“¬

∑”„Àâ°≈‰°°“√µ—¥∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ¡’≈—°…≥–§≈⓬°—∫™àÕß«à“ß·¡àæ‘¡æå∂Ÿ°∑”„À⢬“¬„À≠à¢÷Èππ—Ëπ‡Õß ‚¥¬ª√°µ‘¢π“¥¢Õߧ√’∫

∑’Ë¢Õ∫µ—¥™‘Èπß“π  “¡“√∂∫àß∫Õ°Õ“¬ÿ°“√„™âß“π¢Õß·¡àæ‘¡æ剥â√–¥—∫Àπ÷Ëß ‡¡◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“¢π“¥¢Õߧ√’∫∑’ˉ¥â®“°æ—π™å

·µà≈–™ÿ¥¥—ß· ¥ß„π√Ÿª∑’Ë 8 ®–‡ÀÁπ«à“§√’∫‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ Ÿß¡“°„π™à«ß·√°‡π◊ËÕß¡“®“°‡°‘¥°“√ ÷°À√Õ∑’˧¡µ—¥ (edge wear)

´÷Ëß¡’º≈∑”„À⧡µ—¥‡°‘¥°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈߇ªìπ√—»¡’‚§âß¡π ‡¡◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“™‘Èπß“π∑’ˉ¥â®“°°“√µ—¥‚¥¬æ—π™å∑’Ë∑”¡“®“°

«— ¥ÿµà“ßÊ æ∫«à“ ‡À≈Á° SKD11 ∑’Ë¡’°“√ ÷°À√ÕπâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥ ®–∑”„Àâ§√’∫∑’Ë¢Õ∫µ—¥™‘Èπß“ππâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥ „π∑”πÕ߇¥’¬«°—π‡À≈Á°

S50C ´÷Ëß¡’°“√ ÷°À√Õ Ÿß∑’Ë ÿ¥ ®–∑”„Àâ§√’∫∑’Ë¢Õ∫µ—¥™‘Èπß“π Ÿß∑’Ë ÿ¥

√Ÿª∑’Ë 7 §«“¡ Ÿß¢Õß à«πµà“ßÊ ¢Õß™‘Èπß“π∑’ˉ¥â®“°æ—π™å SKD11

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

-0.2

2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000

®”π«π§√—Èß„π°“√µ—¥

§«“¡

 Ÿß (¡

¡.)

1,000

 à«π‚§âß¡π à«π‡√’¬∫µ√ß à«π√Õ¬··µ°§√’∫

«“√ “√«‘®—¬·≈–æ—≤π“ ¡®∏. ªï∑’Ë 28 ©∫—∫∑’Ë 2 ‡¡…“¬π-¡‘∂ÿπ“¬π 2548180

4.3 ·√ßµ—¥™‘Èπß“π

º≈°“√«—¥·√ßµ—¥™‘Èπß“π· ¥ß„π√Ÿª∑’Ë 9 ‡¡◊ËÕ∑”°“√µ—¥™‘Èπß“π„π®”π«π§√—Èß∑’ˇæ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ æ∫«à“·√ßµ—¥™‘Èπ

ß“π®–‡æ‘Ë¡ Ÿß¢÷Èπ ‚¥¬·√ßµ—¥®–‡æ‘Ë¡‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷ÈπÕ¬à“ß√«¥‡√Á«„π™à«ß·√°Ê ¢Õß°“√µ—¥ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°§«“¡§¡¢Õߧ¡µ—¥æ—π™å

‡√‘Ë¡À“¬‰ª®“°°“√ ÷°À√Õ  à«π„π™à«ßµ—Èß·µà 3,000 §√—È߇ªìπµâπ‰ª ·√ßµ—¥‡°‘¥°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ßπâÕ¬¡“°‡π◊ËÕß®“°

°“√ ÷°À√Õ∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ‡√‘Ë¡§ß∑’Ë ®÷ß„™â·√ßµ—¥§àÕπ¢â“ߧß∑’˵“¡‰ª¥â«¬ ´÷Ëß®–‡ÀÁπ‰¥â«à“ æ—π™å∑’Ë∑”®“°‡À≈Á° S50C ´÷Ëß¡’

°“√ ÷°À√Õ¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥ ®–„™â·√ß„π°“√µ—¥‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ Ÿß ÿ¥ √Õß≈ß¡“§◊Õ‡À≈Á° SKH51 SKS3 ·≈– SKD11 ÷́Ëß ÷°À√Õ

πâÕ¬ ÿ¥®–¡’°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ߢÕß·√ßµ—¥πâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥

√Ÿª∑’Ë 8 §«“¡ Ÿß¢Õߧ√’∫∑’Ë¢Õ∫µ—¥™‘Èπß“π

√Ÿª∑’Ë 9 ·√ßµ—¥™‘Èπß“π

«“√ “√«‘®—¬·≈–æ—≤π“ ¡®∏. ªï∑’Ë 28 ©∫—∫∑’Ë 2 ‡¡…“¬π-¡‘∂ÿπ“¬π 2548 181

5.  √ÿªº≈

®“°°“√∑¥≈Õ߇æ◊ËÕ»÷°…“°“√ ÷°À√Õ∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ°—∫«— ¥ÿ∑”æ—π™å™π‘¥µà“ßÊ æ∫«à“

1. ‡À≈Á° JIS SKD11 ¡’§«“¡∑π∑“πµàÕ°“√ ÷°À√Õ¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥ √Õß¡“§◊Õ ‡À≈Á° SKS3 SKH51 ·≈–‡À≈Á°∑’Ë

¡’Õ—µ√“°“√ ÷°À√Õ¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥§◊Õ ‡À≈Á° S50C ‡¡◊ËÕ°”Àπ¥„À⧫“¡·¢ÁߢÕßæ—π™å·≈–®”π«π§√—Èß„π°“√µ—¥‡∑à“°—π ∑—Èßπ’È

‡ªìπº≈¡“®“°ªí®®—¬Õ◊ËπÊ §◊Õ ª√‘¡“≥§“√å∫Õπ„π‡À≈Á°·µà≈–™π‘¥ §«“¡‡√’¬∫º‘«æ—π™å‡√‘Ë¡µâπ ¡ÿ¡¬Õ¥º‘«¢Õßæ—π™å ·≈–

§«“¡¬“°ßà“¬„π°“√‡°‘¥°“√°—¥°√àÕπ∑’˺‘«

2. æ—π™å∑’Ë∑”¡“®“°‡À≈Á°∑’Ë¡’ª√‘¡“≥§“√å∫Õπ Ÿß°«à“ §«“¡‡√’¬∫º‘«¥’°«à“ ·≈–¡ÿ¡¬Õ¥º‘«°«â“ß°«à“ ®–‡°‘¥

°“√ ÷°À√ÕπâÕ¬°«à“

3. °“√ ÷°À√Õ®–‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷ÈπÕ¬à“ß√«¥‡√Á«„π™à«ß·√°¢Õß°“√µ—¥ ·≈–®–‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ„πÕ—µ√“∑’Ë™â“≈ßÀ≈—ß®“°®”π«π

§√—Èß„π°“√µ—¥‡æ‘Ë¡ Ÿß¢÷Èπ ∑—Èßπ’ȇπ◊ËÕß®“°√Ÿª·∫∫°“√ ÷°À√Õ∑’ˇª≈’ˬπ·ª≈߉ª

4. °“√ ÷°À√Õ∑’ˇæ‘Ë¡¡“°¢÷Èπ ∑”„Àâ¢Õ∫µ—¥™‘Èπß“π∑’ˉ¥â¡’§ÿ≥¿“æ≈¥≈ß π—Ëπ§◊Õ  à«π‚§âß¡π §√’∫ ·≈–√–¬–

°“√©’°¢“¥¡’¢π“¥„À≠à¢÷Èπ ·µà à«π‡√’¬∫µ√ß¡’¢π“¥‡≈Á°≈ß

6. °‘µµ‘°√√¡ª√–°“»

ß“π«‘®—¬π’ȉ¥â√—∫°“√ π—∫ πÿπß∫ª√–¡“≥„π°“√∑”«‘®—¬®“°»Ÿπ¬å‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‚≈À–·≈–«— ¥ÿ·Ààß™“µ‘ §≥–ºŸâ

«‘®—¬„§√à¢Õ¢Õ∫§ÿ≥¡“ ≥ ‚Õ°“ π’È

7. ‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß

1. Fang, N., et al, 2002, çFinite Element Simulation of the Effect of Clearance on the Forming

Quality in the Blanking Processé, Journal of Material Processing Technology, Vol. 122, pp. 249-254.

2. Maiti, S.K., et al, 2000, çAssessment of Influences of Some Process Parameter on Sheet

Metal Blankingé, Journal of Material Processing Technology, Vol. 102, pp. 249-256.

3. ‚° ‘∑∏‘Ï ¡ß§≈¿‘≠‚≠°ÿ≈, 2544, ç°“√»÷°…“惵‘°√√¡°“√ ÷°À√Õ¢Õß·¡àæ‘¡æåµ—¥«— ¥ÿ∑’Ë∑”®“°

‡À≈Á°°≈ⓧ“√å∫Õπª“π°≈“ßé, √“¬ß“π°“√ª√–™ÿ¡‡§√◊Õ¢à“¬«‘»«°√√¡‡§√◊ËÕß°≈·Ààߪ√–‡∑»‰∑¬§√—Èß∑’Ë 15, 28-30

惻®‘°“¬π 2544, Àπâ“ MM156-159.

4. Luo, S. Y., 1997, çStudies on The Wear Conditions and The Sheared Edges in Punchingé,

Journal of Wear, Vol. 28, pp. 81-90.

5. Nilsson, B., 1984, çPunching in Stainless Steel Plateé, Uddeholm Tooling AB, Research and

Development, Sweden, pp. 1-9.

«“√ “√«‘®—¬·≈–æ—≤π“ ¡®∏. ªï∑’Ë 28 ©∫—∫∑’Ë 2 ‡¡…“¬π-¡‘∂ÿπ“¬π 2548182

6. Lange, K., 1985, çBlanking and Piercing Processé, Handbook of Metal Forming, Mc Graw-

Hill, New York, pp. (24.8)-(24.13).

7. Schey, J. A., 1984, Tribology in Metalworking, The American Socity for Metals, U.S.A., pp.

1-5.

8. Maeda, T. and Aoki, I., 1974, Journal of Faculty of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Vol. 32,

pp. 443-475.

9. Koji, K. and Koshi, A, 1999, çWear Mechanismsé, Modern Tribology Handbook, Mc Graw-

Hill, New York, pp. 273-299.

10. Bhushan, B., 1999, çWearé, Principles and Application of Tribology, John Wily & Son,

New York, pp. 479-535.

11. Bhushan, B. and Gupta, B. K., 1991, çFriction Wear and Lubricanté, Handbook of Tribology,

New York, Mc Graw-Hill, pp. (2.26)-(2.28).

12. Stoloarski, T. A., 2000, çBasic Principles of Tribologyé, Tribology in Machine Design,

Butterworth Heinmann, London, pp. 19-23.

13. Pugh, B., 1973, Friction and Wear, Butterworth & Co., New York, pp. 141-153.