A. Woman, without her man, is nothing.

B. Woman! Without her, man is nothing.

A. Let’s eat children!B. Let’s eat, children!

A. Woman, without her man, is nothing.This sentence is telling us that without a man, a woman is nothing!

B. Woman! Without her, man is nothing.This sentence is telling us that a man is nothing without a woman!

THE MEANINGS ARE OPPOSITE!

A. Let’s eat children!This sentence is telling us to eat a bunch of kids!

B. Let’s eat, children!This sentence is telling a bunch of kids to come and eat!

COMMAS SAVE LIVES!

Where the comma lies

makes a difference!

ChalkboardTable

!

LIES

Your task:•Each group will be given one rule, and an explanation of that rule.•You will be responsible for teaching your rule teaching your rule to the class.

You must:1.Explain the rule. (10 points)2.Give 2-3 examples of the rule. (5 points)3.Come up with a hint or trick that will help your classmates remember the rule. (5 points)4.Present your teaching to the class in a professionalprofessional manner. (5 points)

Total Points Possible = 25 points

Why is it important to have an understanding of proper punctuation?

Think of an example outside of school where this might make a difference – either in a good or bad way.

1. The candidate promised to lower taxes to protect the environment to reduce crime and to end unemployment.

2. Should she marry Romeo or should she marry Paris?

3. She is in my opinion the most qualified applicant.

4. Although she is forty years old Mary still likes to watch cartoons.

5. The band director announced ”We’ll have our next rehearsal on Friday.”

What What rule rule should should be used be used here?here?

L=Lists L=Lists

Does it need a comma?

I wanted to go but I lost my ticket.

S= Side by side S= Side by side

,

1. Stop clubbing baby seals.2. Stop clubbing, baby seals.

Which is Which is correct?correct?

Does it need commas?

The bus stopped in Memphis Tennessee on its way to Little Rock Arkansas.

! = Other – separate cites ! = Other – separate cites and statesand states

,,

What rule What rule should be should be used used here?here?

L= ListsL= Lists

Does it need commas?

Alex the boy who works at the gas station made the honor roll again.

E= ExtraE= Extra

, ,

What rule What rule should be should be used used here?here?

L= ListsL= Lists

L“L” is for lists

Use commas to separate three or more words, phrases , or clauses in a series.Examples:Ellen bought new jeans,, a plaid skirt,, and a pair of gloves. They drove to the post office,, parked the car, , and unloaded the boxes.

Use commas to separate equal adjectives, but not those that must stay in a specific order.Example: It was a narrow, , rough road that lead to the many new houses. The friendly, , cute dog jumped on my lap.

TEST: If you can reverse the order of the adjectives without changing the meaning, then a comma should be placed between them.

For example, the sentence above could read, “It was a rough, , narrow road that let to the many new houses” and it would still make sense.

II“I” is for introduction

Use a comma after an introductory word, phrase, or clause.

It is “introductory” if it comes before the subject of the sentence.

This is especially true when the introductory part is five or

more words and the comma is useful to avoid confusing the

reader.

Examples:

After watching the documentary on the many species that are facing extinction ,, Sara joined Greenpeace.

While waiting for the movie to begin,, the audience members were told to turn their cell phones off.

After working on the roof for more than five hours , , the construction workers took a long break.

Despite the fact that the dog had seen him for years ,, he still barked at the mailman.

No, , you should not marry a Montague.

Juliet,, will you marry me?

Obviously, , we might get in trouble.

Because he thought it might end the feud,, Friar Lawrence agreed to marry Romeo and Juliet.

EE“E” is for extras

Extra words are words that are not needed to keep the meaning of the sentence.

Surround these words with commas.

Examples:

Parenthetical (things that interrupt): I am talking to you, Christopher, about our plan. We decided, of course, to keep this a secret.

Appositives (to rename or describe something) Benvolio, Romeo’s friend, did not know of the plan. My dog, the one with brown fur, ran away.

Non-essentials (Additional, but unneeded information) The article you want is in the magazine, not the newspaper. Juliet, who was 13 years old, married Romeo.

SS“S” is for side by side sentences

Two sentences joined by a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS) must have a comma before the conjunction.

FANBOYS = FFor, AAnd, NNor, BBut, OOr, YYet, SSo

The Formula: [Sentence] , [FANBOYS] [sentence].

Examples: Romeo was a gentleman,, and Juliet was a lady.

He was impulsive,, but she was level-headed.

We can go to the store, , or we can go to the movies.

!“!” is for Other

Use commas Use In Large Numbers

I saw 3,,999 birds. He paid over 200,,000 dollars for that car!

To Separate Parts of a Geographical Name I lived at 4801 Benton Street,, Iowa City, Iowa. We’re going to Chicago,, Illinois.

To Separate Parts of a Date Where Needed On Friday, October 21,, we will celebrate your birthday. July 4, , 1776 is an important day for America.

To Surround Titles of People Harold H. Wood,, M.D.,., is my doctor. Kenneth Griffey,, Jr.,, could have broken Maris' record.

To Set Off a Direct Quotation “I want to ask you,,” inquired the teenager, “if I could stay up and

watch the world series game tonight?” Mark Twain once said, , “Be good and you will be lonely.”