Front MatterSource: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical andPhysical Sciences, Vol. 273, No. 1235, A Discussion on the Evolution of the Precambrian Crust(Feb. 8, 1973), pp. 315-316Published by: The Royal SocietyStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/74149 .

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PHI LOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF

THE ROYAL SOCIETY

OF LONDON

A. MATHEMATICAL AND PHYSICAL SCIENCES

VOLUME 273 PAGES 315-581 NUMBER 1235

PTRMAD 273 (1235) 315-581 (1973)

8 February 1973 Price ?7.75 (U.S. $21.70)

A Discussion on the evolution of the Precambrian crust

ORGANIZED BY J. SUTTON, F.R.S. AND B. F. WINDLEY

PUBLISHED BY THE ROYAL SOCIETY 6 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE LONDON SW1Y 5AG

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Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A. 273, 315-581 (1973) [ 315 ] Printed in Great Britain

A DISCUSSION ON THE EVOLUTION OF THE PRECAMBRIAN CRUST

ORGANIZED BY J. SUTTON, F.R.S. AND B. F. WINDLEY

(Discussion held 22 and 23 March 1972 - MSS received 27 June 1972)

[Plates 4 to 14]

CONTENTS J. SUTTON, F.R.S. PAGE

Introductory remarks 316

R. M. SHACKLETON, F.R.S. Problems of the evolution of the continental crust 317

B. F. WINDLEY

Crustal development in the Precambrian 321

V. R. McGREGOR

The early Precambrian gneisses of the Godthab district, West Greenland 343

C. R. ANHAEUSSER

The evolution of the early Precambrian crust of southern Africa 359

J. F. WILSON The Rhodesian Archaean craton - an essay in cratonic evolution 389

C. J. TALBOT

A plate tectonic model for the Archaean crust 413

K. S. HEIER

Geochemistry of granulite facies rocks and problems of their origin 429

JANET V. WATSON

Effects of reworking on high-grade gneiss complexes 443

W. S. FYFE, F.R.S. The granulite facies, partial melting and the Archaean crust 457

R. MASON The Limpopo mobile belt - southern Africa 463

M. P. COWARD, R. H. GRAHAM, P. R.JAMES AND J. WAKEFIELD

A structural interpretation of the northern margin of the Limpopo orogenic 487 belt, southern Africa

D. BRIDGWATER, J. WATSON AND B. F. WINDLEY

The Archaean craton of the North Atlantic region 493

Vol. 273. A. 29 [Published 8 February I973

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316 CONTENTS

D. BRIDGWATER, A. ESCHER AND J. WATTERSON PAGE Tectonic displacements and thermal activity in two contrasting Proterozoic

mobile belts from Greenland 513

T. C. R. PULVERTAFT

Recumbent folding and flat-lying structure in the Precambrian of northern West Greenland 535

P. HOFFMAN

Evolution of an early Proterozoic continental margin: the Coronation geo- syncline and associated aulacogens of the northwestern Canadian shield 547

Introductory remarks

BY J. SUTTON, F.R.S. Department of Geology, Imperial College, London, SW 7

The realization that the behaviour of the Earth has changed radically during geological time has come about largely in the last decade. This development, which constitutes one of the major advances in geological thinking, results from the study of Precambrian phenomena in many parts of the world and in particular from the work of a small number of geochronolo- gists. In the last ten years as large numbers of unfossiliferous Precambrian rocks have been dated, it has become clear that the nature of geological processes has varied throughout geological time and that one of the cardinal doctrines of geology - the concept that the present is the key to the past - could not be applied to the study of the early history of the Earth.

Geologists have learnt how to interpret very subtle features of the geological record, so that the history of erosion and of the deposition of sediments can be confidently translated into a record of the advance and retreat of seas and of the elevation and destruction of mountain chains. Although the extent and distribution of past seas and mountains was soon recognized as having changed throughout the Phanerozoic it was the constant repetition of familiar geological phenomena throughout the known geological record which produced such confidence in the doctrine of uniformitarianism - the notion that the past history of the Earth can be interpreted in the light of its present behaviour. The doctrine can be applied quite satisfactorily to the interpretation of the latter part of the history of the Earth, but it is now clear that over the first half of its 4600 Ma the Earth passed through a succession of stages during which geological behaviour differed in quite distinct ways from what had gone before and what was later to follow.

The aims of this discussion meeting were threefold: first, to provide first-hand accounts of the geology of some of the key regions where steps in this changing record have been established, written by those who have played a large part in elucidating these classic areas; secondly, to encourage debate on the interpretation of what has been discovered; and thirdly, to provide in a compact form some of the critical evidence which indicates that while Lyell's doctrine of uniformitarianism accounts satisfactorily for the latter part of the geological record, the early development of the Earth was in many respects wholly different.

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