9500 MPRRelease 5

Alcatel-Lucent 9500 Microwave Packet Radio (MPR) is a solution for smooth transformation of backhaul networks from TDM/ATM to Ethernet. The 9500 MPR solution efficiently transports whatever multimedia traffic since it handles packets natively (packet mode) while still supporting legacy TDM traffic (hybrid mode), with the same Hardware. It also provides the Quality of Service (QoS) needed to satisfy end-users. This solution not only improves packet aggregation, but also increases the bandwidth and optimizes the Ethernet connectivity.

1 What is the product? 5

1.1 Working Modes 8

2 9500 MPR Platform features 9

2.1 MSS 10

2.2 MPT 152.2.1 Multipurpose radio 152.2.2 Connectivity options 162.2.3 Frequency availability 162.2.4 XPIC 162.2.5 Throughput Packet Booster 17

3 MPR-e 20

4 MPR-s 20

5 Environmental – Operating Limits 21

6 Card Description 23

6.1 Core Board 23

6.2 PDH Access Board 25

6.3 Ethernet Access Card (EAS) 26

6.4 2E1 SFP 29

6.5 ASAP Board 30

6.6 SDH Access Card 316.6.1 STM-1 mux/demux application 326.6.2 STM-1 transparent transport application 32

6.7 EoSDH SFP 33

6.8 E3 SFP 34

6.9 MPT Access Card 35

6.10 Power injector plug-in 36

6.11 AUX board 37

6.12 Fan Board 39

6.13 +24V integrated DC/DC converter 40

7 IDU Datasheet 41

8 Modem Performances (MPT) 46

8.1 Bit Rate, Capacity and Roll-Off factor1 46

8.2 Dispersive Fade Margin (DFM) 46

8.3 Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) 47

8.4 Co-Channel Threshold Degradation 47

2

9 MEF-8 and ATM 48

9.1 MEF-8 489.1.1 BER performances 489.1.2 Packet Delay Variation control 49

9.2 ATM 499.2.1 Physical layer Management 509.2.2 IMA layer management 509.2.3 ATM layer management 509.2.4 PW layer 51

9 Adaptive Modulation 53

9.1 Performances of Adaptive Modulation: 54

10 Synchronization 55

11 Ethernet Features 58

11.1 MAC Switching – embedded Level 2 Ethernet 58

11.2 Level-2 Addressing 58

11.4 Half bridge functionality 59

11.5 Summary of Ethernet Features Supported 5911.5.1 IEEE 802.3x Flow control 5911.5.2 Asymmetric Flow control 5911.5.3 802.1Q VLAN management 6011.5.4 Link Aggregation (IEEE 802.3ad) 60

11.6 Ethernet OAM (IEEE 802.3ag) 61

11.7 Ethernet Ring Protection (ITU-T G.8032v2) 64

11.8 Other features 6611.8.1 Stacked VLAN (Q-in-Q): 802.1ad 6611.8.2 VLAN swap 66

11.9 Ethernet QoS 6711.9.1 Traffic priority 6711.9.2 IEEE 802.1P QoS configuration 6711.9.3 DiffServ QoS configuration 6711.9.4 Congestion management 6711.9.5 Quality of Service 68

12 MPT Technical description 70

12.1 MPT Capacities 72

12.2 MPT RF specifications 72

13 Radio Configurations 77

13.1 Antenna Mount 79

13.2 Couplers 80

13.3 Ortho-Mode Transducers (OMT) 81

13.4 4+0 or 2x(1+1) HSB dual pol integrated coupler 82

14 MPT-GC Technical description 83

3

15 60GHz Radio 85

16 Sub-6GHz Radio 86

17 Power Supply 87

17.1 MPT Power Unit 88

17.2 MPT Extended Power Unit 90

4

1 What is the product?

Alcatel-Lucent with its innovation of Microwave Packet radio has introduced for the first time a

Native packet microwave capable to be deployed on TDM network today and have already all the

required potentiality to move to a full packet network.

EthernetEthernetPDH/ CESPDH/ CES

9500 MPRat HUB site

PDH/ SDHPDH/ SDH

EthernetEthernet

ATM/ IMAATM/ IMA

ATM/ PWATM/ PW

Softwaresettings

Mobile2G, 3G, 4G

Fixed

PrivateBusiness office

Phone

DSL

Ethernet

ATM

TDM

From Backhaul Hybrid operational mode

Packet operational mode

EthernetEthernetPDH/ CESPDH/ CES

9500 MPRat HUB site9500 MPRat HUB site

PDH/ SDHPDH/ SDH

EthernetEthernet

ATM/ IMAATM/ IMAPDH/ SDHPDH/ SDH

EthernetEthernet

PDH/ SDHPDH/ SDH

EthernetEthernet

PDH/ SDHPDH/ SDH

EthernetEthernet

ATM/ IMAATM/ IMA

ATM/ PWATM/ PW

SoftwaresettingsSoftwaresettings

Mobile2G, 3G, 4G

Fixed

PrivateBusiness officeBusiness office

Phone

DSL

Ethernet

ATM

TDM

From Backhaul Hybrid operational mode

Packet operational mode

9500 MPR can operate in Hybrid or Packet Mode with same hardware

Enabling possibility for smooth migration from Hybrid mode to Packet mode

9500 MPR in fact is a packet-based solution designed to address in native way networks where

packet based traffic is predominant, nevertheless supporting the still present TDM/ATM traffic, which

remains vital. 9500 MPR represents the solution to allow smooth migration from the TDM world to

the packet domain in the Mobile Backhauling networks. The different incoming traffics are

converted into Ethernet packets before sending them to the internal Ethernet switch, the packet

overhead on E1 /STM-1 being removed before sent in the air.

As capacity grows in the access, the requirement for higher bandwidth support will be needed in the

backhaul as well as in the metro network. Alcatel-Lucent target to address metro networks

requirement with a carrier Ethernet based solution combined with microwave packet transport. The

result in the long run is a change in the backhaul from PDH links to carrier Ethernet and in the Metro

from SDH to carrier Ethernet packet rings, and eventually to mesh networks. Exploiting the benefits

5

of packet architecture vs. circuit architecture (Multiservice aggregation, Service awareness, adaptive

packet transport) in accommodating broadband services, 9500 MPR allows the access equipment to

smoothly evolve in line with the new technology and related protocols (ATM/TDM/Ethernet) without

the need of renewal of an existing microwave site and protecting the already made investments.

9500 MPR is based on two separate elements:

the MSS, an indoor service switch that can also operate as a stand alone site aggregator

a) the multipurpose ODU, the MPT, open to be managed in the following operating

modes:

Split-Mount mode in conjunction with MSS

Standalone mode (for native Ethernet applications) connected directly to any

switch/router/base station

9500 MPR Node supports a mix of non-protected and protected or diversity operation for single link,

repeater or star radio configurations.

The core platform, MSS1/4/8, with multiplexing & symmetrical x-connection functions, is able to

manage different radio directions, with the possibility to add-drop tributaries in case of local

PDH/SDH/ATM/Ethernet accesses. Core platform is based on packet technology (Ethernet Switch)

with a generic interface serial 16 x GETH between Core and peripherals.

The peripherals currently available are:

6

- 32 ports E1 card for PDH applications

- 16 ports E1 card for native ATM/IMA applications

- 2E1 SFP for few E1s connectivity

- E3 SFP for E3 connectivity

- AUX card for auxiliary channels and station alarms collection

- 2 ports STM-1 card for SDH applications

- EoSDH SFP for Ethernet over SDH applications

- Ethernet Access switch card providing 8GE i/F

- Fan unit

The Outdoor Units are connected to the MSS, through one of the following interfaces:

- One port of the Core Board

- One port of MPT Access card

- One port of EAS card

Industry-leading scalability and density is provided in the 9500 MPR, supporting a two rack unit MSS-

8 (2 RU) or a one rack unit MSS-4 (1 RU) or an half rack unit MSS-1. The MSS-8 has eight slots, MSS-4

has four slots, MSS-1 is a pizza box; in MSS 4 and 8 cases, two are allocated for core cards (control

and switch module), with the remaining six (or two) being available for user traffic adapter cards

(PDH access card, SDH Access Card, ATM access card, Auxiliary card) or for radio card (modem, MPT

Access Card, AWY Access Card). Each of the adapter card slots can be used for any adapter card type,

removing the burden of complex pre-engineering and future scenario planning.

9500 MPR tail supports a mix of non-protected and protected or diversity operation for single link.

For tail applications, the MSS-1c is able to manage up to 2 radio directions, with the possibility to

add-drop tributaries in case of local PDH/Ethernet accesses. MSS-1c is based on packet technology

(Ethernet Switch) with a max capacity of 5 Gbps. MSS-1c is a half width, one rack unit, offering a

compact and cost optimized solution.

The Alcatel-Lucent 9500 MPR has a compact, modular architecture, constructed to allow flexible use

of line adapter cards so operators can optimize the configuration to meet the specific requirements

of a site. With the modular architecture comes additional resiliency and flexibility. The solution can

optionally support 1+1 fully redundant configuration with core cards, PDH /SDH cards and radio

access cards; each type of card can be redundant independently. Full-protected configuration is

available, including EPS, RPS hitless, HSB and Core module protection.

7

9500 MPR together with all other Microwave and Optical transmission Network Elements is fully

integrated into 1350 OMS Network Management System providing all the tools required operating

the network. 9500MPR is also managed by the 5620 SAM broadband manager shared with the

Alcatel-Lucent IP product portfolios to provide full management and provision of the network at

service level.

1.1 Working Modes

9500 MPR provides, with a unique type of HW, two SW (Operational Systems) each one with its own

set of features and corresponding licenses:

Packet OS - Service Switch Aggregator

Hybrid OS - Traditional Microwave

The Service Aggregator OS allows configuring any features and any HW (included the Traditional MW

ones) supported in the release.

It is possible to migrate (upgrade) from the Hybrid OS to the Packet OS by installing the proper SW

and upgrading the license accordingly. Over-air capacity per ODU installed is common for both OS.

8

2 9500 MPR Platform featuresUnique features include:

Cost-effective wireless solution for High Capacity applications up to 1 Gbit/sec ODU/RF channel

thanks to Packet Throughput Booster feature

High Capacity Ethernet transport with embedded 16 Gbit/sec L2 switch

Intelligent Indoor nodal unit supports up to 24 x ODU in 2U

Multipurpose outdoor unit MPT working either in split mount or zero footprint

Universal Node Architecture

Aggregate any traffic type over a single traffic flow

Statistical Multiplexing gain thanks to the Data Aware Features

ODU capacity and modulation independent

Adaptive modulation error free service driven

TDM MEF8 Encapsulation

ATM over PW according to RFC 4717

E1, E3, SDH, Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet customer interfaces.

Hardened-temperature, from –40°C to +65 °C.

Optional +24V integrated DC/DC converter

Software-configurable traffic routing, without local cabling.

MultiService Packet Ring ITU-T 8032v2

9500 MPR Craft Terminal, an advanced Java-based maintenance tool presents local and remote

node status with performance monitoring, configuration control and diagnostics.

9

1.2 MSS

MSS implements functionalities of grooming, routing, switching and protection, exploiting a packet-

oriented technology. It is a modular design through a variety of hot-swappable plugin cards.

The MSS is available in four different versions:

MSS-8 2RU shelf to support up to 24 MPT

Supports up to 24 unprotected links, or 1 protected and 22 unprotected links, or 2 protected and 20 unprotected links, or 12 protected links.

MSS-8

10

MSS-4 1RU shelf to support up to 12 MPT

Supports up to 12 unprotected links, or 1 protected link and 10 unprotected links, or 2

protected links and 8 unprotected links

MSS-4

Fan unit is optional and is needed in order to reach +65°C; MSS-4 without Fan Unit supports up to +45°C for all equipment configurations.

MSS-1 ½ RU shelf to support up to 6 MPT

Supports up to 6 unprotected links, or up 3 protected 1+1 links, or a mix of them.

MSS-1

9500 MPR MSS-1 is a compact system, offering E1/DS1 , Ethernet connectivity

The interfaces currently available are:

- 16 ports E1/DS1

- 6 GETH ports, electrical and (2) optical

11

- 1 port for local craft terminal

- 1 port for housekeeping

- 2 PFoE (power feed other Ethernet) ports for MPT connection

Fan unit is not needed for MSS-1 that is able to operate in wide range -40°C up to +65 °C.

MSS-1c 1RU and ½ a rack width shelf to support up to 2 MPT

MSS-1c

9500 MPR MSS-1c is a compact system, offering E1/DS1 , Ethernet connectivity and up to 2 radio

directions on a single hardware

The interfaces currently available are:

- 16 ports E1/DS1

- 4 GETH ports, electrical and optical

- 2 ports for NMS chaining

- 1 port for local craft terminal

- 1 port for housekeeping (not managed in current release)

- 2 PFoE (power feed other Ethernet) ports for MPT connection

- 2 optical Gb Ethernet for MPT connection

Fan unit is optional and external to MSS-1c, requested for usage from 50°C to reach 65°C external

temperature.

12

9500 MPR MSS–8 receives the Battery input through 2 power connectors mounted on the chassis

and connected directly to the Back plane; on MSS-4 and a single connector is available.

Each board receives the Battery input (via Back plane) and provides adaptation to the customer

central power bus. 9500 MPR MSS–1 receives the Battery input through 2 power connectors

mounted on the frontal panel.

MSS-4/8 slots are reserved this way:

Slot 1 is dedicated to the Core Main Board

Slot 2 is dedicated to the Core Spare Board or to DC injector card

Slots 3-8 are universal, reserved for transport and radio plug-ins

MSS-8 slot scheme

Please note that for building protected radio links (with 2 radio access cards), the relevant boards have to be put on the same horizontal level, i.e. coupled on slots 3-4, or 5-6, or 7-8.

MSS-4 slot scheme

The connection scheme between the modules and the core board in MSS-8 is depicted in the picture

below. The transport modules are connected via Gigabit Ethernet to the Core-E module’s Ethernet

switch that is capable of merging and redirecting the traffic back to the transport modules or to the

radio. The case for MSS-4 is similar.

13

MSS-8 Block diagram

14

1.3 MPT

2.1 Multipurpose radio

The innovative outdoor unit design of MPT, with GbE standard interface, opens the way to optimized

cost solution in the backhaul network.

MPT is a unique radio capable with the same hardware to be used:

- in standalone configuration (i.e. w/o dedicated indoor units), particularly useful in tail sites enabling

direct interconnection to Base Stations. In this configuration the equipment is called MPR-e.

- in split-mount configuration with MSS indoors

The MPT is a Multipurpose Packet Radio that converts an Ethernet signal into a Radio signal; it

performs not only IF/RF functionalities, but hosts the modem section too. The input interface is a

standard Giga Ethernet interface (electrical or optical).

Ethernet traffic coming from MSS or from any GEthernet generic device (base station, router,

switch..) is transported to MPT through optical or electrical connectivity.

15

MPLSMPLS

Stand AloneIntegrated

MW in

fiber Node

CARRIER ETHERNET

CARRIER ETHERNET

Nodal

Split-Mount

Hybrid

Connectivity

Optimize

E1 and Ethernet

Site

NO IDU

MSS-1c

Any BS

Any CPE

MSS-4/8 SAR/TSS

Single MW solution

across multiple use

MPT

Multi purpose Microwave Radio Concept

Optimize

Ethernet Only

Site

Optimize

Fixed/Mobile

Convergence

Optimize

Microwave Nodal

Site

Optimize

MPLS Node

Site

3 Connectivity options

In case of electrical connectivity, indoor/outdoor distance up to 100m,a single CAT5 cable connects

an MPT to the MSS, or the GEthernet generic device.

In case of optical connectivity, two cables connect an MPT to the MSS or GEthernet generic device:

one cable is a 50 ohm coaxial cable to send the -48 V power supply to the MPT; the second is an

optical cable.

4 Frequency availability

MPT covers the full range of frequencies from 5.8 GHz to 38GHz and 70/80 GHz, including 60 GHz.

5 XPIC

Thanks to XPIC function, MPT can provide twice the capacity in one frequency channel ( Co-channel

Dual Polarized) for any combination of Ethernet, PDH and SDH up to 1Gbps.

This is very useful when access to frequency channels is limited.

Two different configurations of “traffic management” are available:

Configuration by default: traffic flows statically configured and separated by the user.

Operator can segregate the two radio interfaces.

In case of LAG, the mechanism is hashing the data flow. In case of hardware failure all the

traffic is redistributed to the working radio and traffic dropping is performed according to

QoS. LAG in conjunction with XPIC is providing both capacity increase and protection of the

high priority traffic

MPT being a multipurpose radio, ALU implemented an innovative solution to allow XPIC upgrade.

MPT-HC is capable to be upgraded in XPIC in field thanks to a dedicated module directly integrated in

the outdoor unit.

Adaptive Modulation (from 4QAM to 256QAM) is a working mode supported in conjunction with

XPIC . Several configurations are available:

2x(1+0) XPIC configuration : 2 MPT-HC interconnected together with XPIC cable. This

configuration allows operating simultaneously two links on the same radio channel, with one

using the vertical polarization, the other one the horizontal.

16

Double 1+1 HSB XPIC : this configuration allows to protect 100% the traffic loaded on

polarization H and V in case of failure.

Double 1+1 SD HSB XPIC : same configuration as before with 2 antennas.

6 Throughput Packet Booster

The fundamental objective behind the Alcatel-Lucent packet throughput boost feature on the 9500

MPR is to maximize the amount of traffic payload that traverses a link. This action is done by

reducing the proportion of overhead required to transmit the payload. As most microwave links are

point-to-point in nature and are not shared resources, there is significant opportunity to reduce

unnecessary overhead. If we examine the content of a data packet, as shown in figure below, it is

sometimes surprising to see the amount of overhead when compared to the actual user traffic

contained in the IP payload field. The overhead fields are needed for routing, collision, and flow

identification in complex topology LAN/WAN networks. But in a point-to-point radio link with full-

duplex transmission where the medium is not shared by simultaneous users, overhead can be

drastically reduced to improve and increase overall throughput over the air.

Significant benefits can be gained by reducing packet overhead, especially when small packets are

considered. Let’s take a look at each of the header fields in the basic Ethernet frame .The first two

fields, Interframe Gap (IFG) and preamble, are not transmitted over the air and therefore not needed

in a microwave transmission, so automatically 20 bytes can be entirely eliminated per Ethernet

frame.

• Interframe Gap (12 bytes). Ethernet devices must allow a minimum idle period between

transmissions of Ethernet frames known as the Interframe Gap. IFG was introduced by IEEE

802.3 to avoid collision over a shared medium, such as the LAN.

• Preamble and Start of Frame Delimiter (8 bytes). These fields were added to the IEEE 802.3

standard to allow devices on the network to easily detect a new incoming frame. The

remaining fields that are subject to compression but not automatically eliminated are:

• Ethernet header (14 bytes). This is the information used to switch an Ethernet frame

17

across a network segment:

- Destination addresses (6 bytes)

- Source addresses (6 bytes)

- 802.1Q tag (4 bytes): Optional virtual LAN (VLAN) tag

- EtherType/length (2 bytes); EtherType is a two-octet field in an Ethernet frame. It is

used to indicate which protocol is encapsulated in the payload of an Ethernet frame.

• Payload (46-1500 bytes): Contains user data and/or IP/Multi-Protocol Label Switching

(MPLS) frames

We have seen that the IFG and preamble are not needed for microwave transmission, but how

significant is that? Visualizing the typical throughput gain achieved with microwave transmission

when compared to fiber may help. The highest gain occurs with smaller packets, so let’s take an

example where the Ethernet message is 64 bytes long, and the physical capacity transmission limit is

350 Mb/s.

• When the message is transmitted over fiber with one VLAN present, the frame carries

only 42 bytes of useful payload information but requires 84 bytes overall for transport

as it requires the IFG and preamble. As a result, 100 percent of the overhead must be

transported along with the payload.

• For the same physical capacity transmission limit of 350 Mb/s and 64 byte Ethernet

message over microwave, 20 bytes do not need to be transmitted. This results in about 100

Mb/s more data that can be transmitted with this Ethernet frame size, as shown in Figure 2.

All microwave vendors can boast to this level of header suppression, but Alcatel-Lucent improves

microwave header compression.

With the transition to LTE, another opportunity arises for optimizing payload across a radio link. LTE

deployments will increasingly use IPv6 packets, where additional header overhead is encapsulated in

the Ethernet payload. IPv6 IP addresses occupy an additional 32 bytes, making the transport

18

efficiency of multi-protocol packets of short length very poor. Header compression can significantly

increase radio link throughput by reducing protocol header overhead. The header size that is

compressed is constant, while the packet payload is variable. The greater the compression, the more

gain achieved for payload capacity. Header compression is most beneficial when small packets are in

the network, and when protocols like IPv4 or IPv6 are used. But not all packets are small. Internet

Mix or IMIX is a term used to describe typical Internet traffic passing through network equipment

such as routers or switches. When measuring equipment performance using an IMIX of packets, the

performance is assumed to resemble what could be observed if that equipment is deployed in a real

network. A typical traffic mix, adopted in the industry to test IPv4 performance and one that is

considered to be a good example of the traffic to be found in a mobile backhauling network, is shown

in Figure. Smaller packet sizes typically contain voice and larger packet sizes data.

Using the IMIX packet distribution, with 56 MHz 256QAM modem profile, and the physical capacity

transmission limit of 350 Mb/s, the following figure shows the amount of throughput gained by using

the Alcatel-Lucent packet throughput boost feature when compared to standard IFG and preamble

microwave suppression.

19

The light blue bar represents microwave with standard 20 byte suppression, and the dark blue bar

represents throughput capacity gained with Alcatel-Lucent packet throughput boost feature, which

also includes IFG and preamble suppression. As you can see, there is significantly more throughput

gained using packet throughput boost header compression when compared to the standard

microwave gains achieved with IFG and preamble suppression.

Alcatel-Lucent 9500 MPR header compression is implemented without any compromise to existing

features. With packet microwave, there is no change in Packet Delay Variation (PDV) values or

increase in latency. The Alcatel-Lucent 9500 MPR implementation is unique in that it does not use

additional buffers, which would introduce delay. With the Alcatel-Lucent packet throughput boost

feature, operators gain the most capacity with the highest availability.

As summary, with the Alcatel-Lucent packet throughput boost feature, operators can transport up to

1 Gb/s of traffic on a single channel. Under the most favorable conditions, the gain achieved by the

9500 MPR exceeds 300 percent, with an average that is often beyond 150 percent.

7 MPR-e

MPR-e is a new concept of radio outdoor radio.

Current MPT radio thanks to its GEthernet interface and its modem has a full flexible architecture

capable to support either split-mount architecture and stand alone architecture.

This flexibility is minimizing drastically the number of spare MPT and allowing to operator to change

his network topology based on the same hardware (full outdoor can become split-mount or the

opposite). Any GEthernet generic device (base station, switch, router..) will become capable to

transmit traffic other the air.

The Ethernet traffic is transmitted over the radio channel according to the configured QoS and to the

scheduler algorithms.

8 MPR-s

Until recently, the design and form factor of wireless backhauling solutions were not of great

importance to Service Providers, since they were typically mounted on high masts and unlikely to be

20

seen from ground level. This concept is currently changing with the new Metro Cell and Small Cell

network designs being rolled-out. Metro cells are being moved much closer to the ground,

sometimes almost down to street level, e.g. on top of low buildings or light poles/lamp standards.

Moving communications equipment this close to the public means that installing a large traditional

microwave to backhaul these BTS would simply not be an option. MPR-s has been introduced to

cover the metro cell backhaul with small form factor full outdoor radios.

MPR-s also provides the following connectivity options:

• Sub-6 GHz NLOS/nLOS licensed and unlicensed, options that can support up to 250 Mbps in

point-to-point, or point-to-multipoint, configurations.

• 60 GHz unlicensed LOS options that can support 1 Gbps capacity.

9 Environmental – Operating Limits

Item Limit

EnvironmentalStorage

ETS 300019-1-1, Class 1.2ETS 300019-2-1, Class 1.2

TransportationETS 300019-1-2, Class 2.3ETS 300019-2-2, Class 2.3

Stationary use

MSS

ETS EN 300 019-1-3 class 3.2ETS EN 300 019-2-3 class 3.2

MSS-1-4 & 8:-40° to +65° C [1]MSS-1c: -40° to + 55° C (with external fan up to +65°C)

0 to 95% humidity, non-condensing

Dust and throw of waterMSS-1 &4&8, MSS1c: IP20

Stationary use

MPT

ETS EN 300 019-1-4 Class 4.1ETS EN 300 019-2-4 Class 4.1ETSI EN 300 019-2-2 Rev. 9/2000 (for MPT-GC)

Guaranteed Temp. range: -33° to +55° C,

relative humidity 100%

Dust and throw of water: IPX6 for ODU300 and IP67 for MPT

Extended range: -45° to +65° CCold start : -45°CProtection againt Salt environment : EN 60068-2-11 Part2 ed2000-11 test Ka = 168h

21

(At extended operating temperatures 9500 MPR may be subject to reduced performances & non-compliancies vs ETSI / ANSI. Contact Alcatel-Lucent for details)

Altitude ≤ 4000m

AcousticETS 300753 Telecommunication equipment room (attended), Class 3.2

Safety

EN 60950 : 2001 + A11:2004 to EN 60950 : 2001EN 60825-1:2001EN 60825-2:2007EN 50385 : 2002

EMC

EN 301 489-1 V1.8.1 (04/2008)EN 301 489-4 V1.3.1 (08/2002)Radiated emissions Class B [2]

Spectrum EN 302 217-2-2 V1.3.1 (04/2009)

Notes: [1] Cold start is guaranteed at -20 °C, up to 60°C when E3 SFP module is inserted

[2] Class A with ASAP board equipped.

22

10 Card Description

1.4 Core Board

The Core Board provides the key node management, control functions and Ethernet User traffic

management by performing the following macro functions:

MSS Controller to manage all the peripheral modules. MSS has a one layer control

architecture implemented by a microprocessor acting as Equipment Controller and Physical

Machine Controller.

Layer-2 Ethernet Switch performing Cross-Connect function between all the peripherals and

Ethernet ports. The switch assures to the system a complete interconnections between all

the boards connected into MSS node. The cross-connection between the boards is realized

by 1.25 GHz link.

Clock Reference Unit (CRU) with main function to generate the Network Element Clock.

Ethernet interfaces can be optionally used or as user interfaces or to connect up to 6 MPT

(Outdoor unit)

Core Board

The core board could be protected through a Core “Spare” (same PN of Core “Main”) that can be

added to provide Control platform redundancy and protection of aggregated data using an external

switch. The Core Board also carries the Compact Flash Card, which holds the terminal SW

Configuration and Node License.

23

The Frontal panel interfaces provide:

3 x 10/100/1000 Base – T Data Port

1 x 10/100/1000 Base – T configurable Data/NMS Port

2 x SFP ports (Optical or Electrical GETH)

1 x 10/100 Base-T LAN for 9500 MPR Craft Terminal or NMS

1 x Local CT Mini USB to upload Pre-Provisioning File (unused)

1 x Sync CK input via 1.0-2.3 coaxial connector that can be used as source for the Network

Element clock

1 x Sync CK output via 1.0-2.3 coaxial connector that provides the NE Clock

5 LED indicators for test and status

Core Board Frontal Panel

24

1.5 PDH Access Board

The PDH Access Board has the aim to manage the specificities of the related external interface, to

implement the adaptation function between the external interface and the boundary internal

interface providing the consistency to the established SLA rules.

The PDH Access Board has two main functions:

Termination or reconstruction of the E1 signal with the original PDH Timing meeting

G823/824 Requirements.

Encapsulation/Extraction of those PDH data flows into/from std Eth packets MEF8

Compliant

PDH Access Board

The Front Panel Interfaces include:

32xE1

One Led indicator for status

In case of EPS line protection two boards will be plugged inside the sub rack and an additional

protection panel will perform a ‘Y’ connection for both Tx and Rx PDH signals.

The card version is 32-port adapter.

25

1.6 Ethernet Access Card (EAS)

In case more than 6 local Ethernet access are needed (that are built-in in the core card), 8 GE ports

card offers additional 8 10/100/1000 Ethernet interfaces.

An embedded 10 Gbit/sec L2 switch is present on the card.

There are 4 Electrical 10/100/1000 base-T electrical ports and 4 optical SFP (LX and SX).Supported features:

IEEE 802.1D User Selectable QoS : none, DiffServ or 802.1p bits VLAN management 802.1Q Q-in-Q IEEE 802.1Q Port segregation Flow control 802.3x Auto-negotiation enable/disable Support of jumbo frames (9728 bytes) on FE/GE interfaces Per port policer Per flow policer Broadcast/Multicast storm control MAC address control list VLAN swap

EAS card can be used optionally as interface card to interconnect up to 4 MPTs; supporting up to 24

MPT with a single MSS8.

Additionally, EAS card supports Multichannel LAG L1 feature. Multichannel feature provides a

solution where more traffic capacity is needed than can be transported over one physical link. N

26

radio links are aggregated to provide one logical link with a capacity that is the sum of the individual

links. This feature is particularly useful for wireless transmission systems where multiple radio links

must be used in parallel to achieve very high capacities of 1Gbit/s and above. This provides optimum

payload balance, regardless of the throughput demands of individual user connections

Redundancy is also a feature of multichannel aggregation. If a link is lost, its traffic is directed onto

the remaining link(s) within the group.

If the Ethernet bandwidth on the remaining link(s) is over-subscribed, traffic will be dropped, though

with appropriate QoS settings only low priority data will be affected - all high priority data will

continue to get through.

Multichannel feature can be applied in principle to any kind of traffic: Ethernet, TDM, ATM and SDH.

Multiline feature is supported by EAS 8 Gbit/card, with MPT-HC connected to optical ports.

LAG groups can be IntraEAS (all MPTs on same EAS card) or CrossEAS (MPT on EAS on the same Row);

here below some example of supported configuration. Maximum number of MPTs in a LAG group is

4.

Core NE A

EAS

Core NE B

EAS2EAS1

4 RFChannel

s

4 RFChannel

s

rLAG1 rLAG1 rLAG2

27

EAS2EAS1StackingrLAG1

rLAG2

Core NE A

EAS2

rLAG1 rLAG1

rLAG2

Core NE B

EAS1

rLAG1

4 RFChannel

s

4 RFChannel

s

Stacking

Electrical and Optical EAS ports not belonging to a LAG can be used as User Ports or Radio Interfaces

(SFP ports only) both in 1+0.

Aggregated Radio Links should have same modem profiles.

Adaptive Modulation, ring protection will be progressively introduced in conjunction with

multichannel as well as support of LSY radio channel via the Ethernet plug-in.

28

1.7 2E1 SFP

In order to target applications where a few number of E1s are needed, a miniature E1 over GE

converter is available. 2E1 SFP is SFP device that provides two G. 703 E1 interfaces, supporting the

same functionalities of 32E1 PDH card. In addition, this device is able to generate a “dummy framed”

E1 in order to provide synchronization to an external equipment (like a BTS).

This device can be used instead of 32E1 PDH card when the requested E1 connectivity is limited,

saving in this way one slot in MSS4/MSS8 that can be used by other cards.

2E1 SFP

2xE1 SFP can be plugged in one of the two SFP ports of Core card, providing two G. 703 E1 interfaces

(up to 4xE1 in case Core Card hosts 2 SFP). EPS protection is available in case Core Card is protected:

the secondary SFP is hosted by the stand-by Core, and a Y cable is provided to connect the 2 SFP.

29

1.8 ASAP Board

16E1 ASAP (Any Service Any Port) board is one of the peripherals units of 9500MPR. It enables the

management of ATM services on 9500MPR, collecting native IMA traffic, terminating the IMA groups

and encapsulating/extracting the ATM cells into/from ATM PW packets towards the core board.

Like the PDH Access Card, the ASAP Card has the aim to manage the specificities of the related

external interface, to implement the adaptation function between the external interface and the

boundary internal interface providing the consistency to the established SLA rules.

ASAP card performs the following functions:

Termination of ATM/IMA groups.

Encapsulation/Extraction of those ATM flows into/from ATM PW packets according to RFC

4717 (N:1 mode, with N=1)

ASAP Board

The Front Panel Interfaces include:

16xE1

Four Led indicators

ASAP card is sharing same cords and same connectors of PDH access board for local access.

The Card Version is 16-Port Adapter.

30

1.9 SDH Access Card

9500MPR SDH Access card is the board that enables 9500 MPR to be connected to a SDH network.

The same board can be used in two different working modes, addressing two different network

scenarios:

STM-1 mux/demux

STM-1 transparent transport over the radio

SD

H Access Board

31

11STM-1 mux/demux application

The STM-1 mux/demux behaves as a terminal multiplexer; it terminates or originates the

SDH frame. It multiplexes up to 63xE1 into a STM-1 electrical/ optical line connection.

Standard VC4 mapping of lower-order E1 traffic streams to/from STM-1 is applied, that

means that a VC4 directly maps up to 63xVC12 into an STM-1 signal (in turn each VC12

contains 1xE1)

Typical application is a direct connection to SDH add-drop multiplexers (ADMs)

12 STM-1 transparent transport application

In this application the board has the aim to manage the specificities of the related external

interface and to implement the adaptation function between the external interface and the

boundary internal interface. Up to 2xSTM-1/OC-3 are transparently transported through a

single radio link.

The card supports 1xSTM-1 in channelized mode or up to 2xSTM-1 interfaces in transparent

transport mode (2 optical interfaces or 1 electrical interface)

The Front Panel Interfaces include:

2x SFP (optical LC connector or electrical 1.0/2.3 connector)

One Led indicator for status

In case of EPS line protection two boards are plugged inside the sub rack. Optional splitter Y-cables

are provided for both Tx and Rx SDH signals.

32

1.10 EoSDH SFP

Ethernet over SDH (EoSDH) SFP is miniature Gigabit Ethernet over STM-1/OC3 converter that bridges

between GE networks and SDH networks providing simple and efficient Gigabit Ethernet connectivity

over SDH.

The device offers a migration path for connecting future-ready IP devices to existing SDH/SONET

networks

EoSDH SFP

EoS SFP supports the following basic features:

Delivers Gigabit Ethernet traffic over a single STM-1/OC-3 link

Supports standard GFP encapsulation according to G.7041/Y.1303: Gigabit Ethernet frames are

mapped into VC-4 or STSc-3

Physical interface is 1xSTM-1 optical in a SFP cage with LC connector.

EoSDH SFP can be plugged in one of the two SFP ports of Core card (up to 2xSTM-1 in case Core Card

hosts 2 SFP). EPS protection is available in case Core Card is protected: the secondary SFP is hosted

by the stand-by Core, and an optical splitter is provided to connect the 2 SFP.

33

1.11 E3 SFP

E3 SFP is a TDM Pseudo wire access gateway extending TDM-based services over packet-switched

networks.

E3 SFP

The device converts the data stream from its user E3 interface into packets for transmission over

9500 MPR network; the addressing scheme is MEF8. These packets are transmitted via the SFP port

of the Core Board; a remote E3 SFP converts the packets back to TDM traffic.

Physical interface is 1xE3 electrical in a SFP cage with 1.0x2.3 connector.

E3 SFP can be plugged in one of the two SFP ports of Core card (up to 2xE3 in case Core Card hosts 2

SFP.

EPS protection is available in case Core Card is protected: the secondary SFP is hosted by the stand-

by Core, and a Y cable is provided to connect the 2 SFP.

34

1.12MPT Access Card

The MPT Access Card is dedicated to connect the MPT to MSS,.

Up to two MPT can be connected to the MPT Access Card

Main physical characteristics:

2 x 10/100/1000 Base – T Port for electrical data to/from MPT. These ports can also

power the MPT through the same CAT5 cable.

2 x SFP Optical GETH for optical data connectivity to/from MPT

Double 50Ω QMA Connectors as an option for MPT Power feeding in case of optical

connectivity

Main Functions:

o Provide traffic interface between Core switch and MPT

o Provide the power supply interface to the MPT

o Lightning and surge protection for both electrical GETH and power interfaces that are

connected to MPT

o MPT 1+1 protection management

o Clock distribution function

o Radio Link Quality notification through MPR Protection Protocol frames

35

MPT Access Card

o Communication with Core controller for provisioning and status report.

36

1.13Power injector plug-in

This card can be used for several applications:

When MPT is connected to CORE, power injector is needed to provide power to the MPT

at optimized price

When MPT is used in stand alone (MPR-e) and connected to 7705SAR, Power injector

plug-in can be used inside 7705 chassis to power MPT

A box version is also available for all other applications of MPR-e.

Main physical characteristics:

2 DC connectors in the front (box), or power from the backpanel.

2 RJ45 for the data in

2 RJ 45 for the data + DC out

2 LEDs indicating the presence of DC voltage on each Ethernet output

Power injector plug-in

37

1.14AUX board

Service channels accesses and housekeeping alarm are supported by auxiliary peripheral.

Auxiliary cards support two main functions:

Auxiliary data channels management (2 x 64 Kbit/s service channels)

External I/O management

AUX Board

Auxiliary board front panel is equipped with four connectors:

EOW connector

Service channel interface #1 (RS422 V11 DCE 64 kbit/s)

Service channel interface #2 (RS422 V11 DCE 64 kbit/s)

Housekeeping interface (6 inputs + 7 outputs. The polarity of each alarm is user configurable

and a user defined label could be added per each alarm)

Only one auxiliary card per NE can be equipped, and in a fixed position: it can be lodged in slot 8

(bottom right) of MSS-8 or in slot 4 (bottom right) of MSS-4.

Typical applications for AUX board are :

transport over MPR of the ingress service channels that could be delivered for example by

9400 LUX 40/50, LUX12, 9400AWY 2.0/2.1, 9500 MXC

38

transport over MPR of the ingress service channels that could be delivered by end user. Note

in case of 64 Kbit/sec the end user must be always configured as DTE.

transport over MPR of the TMN signal coming from:

o LUX 12, V11 9.6 Kbit/s RQ2 protocol

o LUX 40/50, V11 9.6 Kbit/s SNMP protocol

Please note that in the last case MPR is taking care of pure transport; no termination of TMN channel

is done inside MPR using aux card, while recommended TMN chain is done using Ethernet TMN

interface for 9400AWY and 9500 MXC.

39

1.15Fan BoardA FAN card is required inside the MSS-4/8 shelf. MSS-4 can be optionally equipped without fan card,

supporting temperature up to +45°C 1. The FAN holds three long-life axial fans, which are controlled

and performance-monitored by the controller.

Fan Board

To have high reliability 3 fans are used with separate alarms in order to understand the urgency (two

or three fans failed) or the not urgency condition (one fan failed).

The Unit is inserted from front side to avoid payload interruptions in case of fan maintenance. The

FAN is hot swappable and in-service replacement doesn't affect traffic.

An optional Fan unit, called Fan Alarm Card, is available on MSS-8, hosting a housekeeping connector

for Equipment Alarms (Summary, Major and Minor) and 4 housekeeping inputs and 8 high reliability

fans. The board is mandatory when 24V DC converter is equipped.

1

40

1.16+24V integrated DC/DC converter

An optional +24V DC/DC converter is available for MSS-8 shelf

One or two converters are able to slide on the MSS chassis, side by side, in a single card slot.

Unprotected converter kit will be used in configurations where single, non –redundant “A” battery

feed is used. Protected converter kit will be used when dual, redundant, “A” and “B” battery feeds

are used. In either configurations, the +24VDC to -48VDC converter kits use a single vacant slot of the

MSS chassis.

There is no interconnection between the converter(s) and the MSS backplane. Both the +24 VDC

input and -48 VDC output are available via 2 position connectors on the front of the unit.

The converter(s) will receive its input(s) from +24 VDC primary power feed(s) and the -48 VDC

output(s) will be connected to the MSS -48 VDC inputs located on the right side of the MSS chassis

via a short external power cable, providing -48 VDC to the MSS, in the same way the shelf is powered

when -48 VDC primary is used as oppose to +24 VDC.

+24V DC/DC converter can power any module in the shelf (and of course related ODU connected to

the module) up to a total power consumption of 348 watts.

When + 24V DC/DC converter is used, the Fan Alarm board must be equipped in the rack.

41

13 IDU Datasheet

MSS-8 Indoor Chassis 2RUNumber of Slots 9Slots Dedicated to FAN unit 1Slots dedicated for Core Boards 2Slots dedicated for Access/Modem Boards 6

Electrical DC Supply input range -40.5 to -57,6 VDC+18 to+36 VDC

DC connector 2-pin DSUB power typeWeight (nominal) < 3.8 kgDimensions (including mounting brackets) 88mm (2RU) x 482mm x 250mm

MSS-4 Indoor Chassis 1RUNumber of Slots 5Slots Dedicated to FAN unit (optional) 1Slots dedicated for Core Boards 2Slots dedicated for Access/Modem Boards 2Electrical DC Supply input range -40.5 to -57,6 VDC

DC connector 2-pin DSUB power typeWeight (nominal) < 2.8 kgDimensions (including mounting brackets) 44mm (1RU) x 482mm x 250mm

MSS-1 Indoor unit ½ RUMonoboardElectrical DC Supply input range - 48/60 VDC +/- 20%

DC connector 2-pin DC connectorWeight (nominal) < 2 kgDimensions (including mounting brackets) 433 mm x 188 mm x 22 mmLAN interface Type 2x 10/100/1000 baseT

Connector 2x 8-pin RJ45Type 2xGE Optical/Electrical

Connector SFP moduleConfiguration memory, removable

On-Board removable Compact Flash card

User traffic TDM interface Connectors SCSIImpedance 75W unbalanced or 120W balanced,

configurableInterface towards MPT Data 4x10/100/1000BaseT RJ45, 2xGE optical

Power 2v GE electrical Power consumption <35 with 2 PoE W

< 22 W stand alone W

42

MSS-1c Indoor unit 1RUMonoboardElectrical DC Supply input range -40.5 to -57,6 VDC

DC connector 2-pin DC connectorWeight (nominal) < 1 kgDimensions (including mounting brackets) 44mm (1RU) x 235mm x 176mmLAN interface Type 2x 10/100/1000 baseT

Connector 2x 8-pin RJ45Type 2xGE Optical 1000Base-LX/SX SFP or

Electrical 1000-BaseTConnector SFP module

User traffic TDM interface Connectors 37-pin SUBDImpedance 75W unbalanced or 120W balanced,

configurableInterface towards MPT Data 2x10/100/1000BaseT RJ45, 2xGE optical

Power GE electrical i/f with MPT MC, 2xQMA with MPT HC

Power consumption <17 W

CORE BOARDLAN interface Type 2x 10/100/1000 baseT

Connector 2x 8-pin RJ45Type 2xGE Optical/Electrical

Connector SFP moduleConfiguration memory, removable On-Board removable Compact Flash cardPower consumption <20 WLED Indicators 5Dimensions (including front panel and rear conn.) 22mm x 230mm x 170mm (H,L,W)Fuse 5AWeigth <0.5 Kg

Fan Card 2UFans 3Power consumption <8 WWeight (nominal) < 0.22 KgDimensions (including front panel and rear conn.) 26.5mm x 82.5mm x 220mm

Fan Alarm Card 2U

43

Fans 8Power consumption <TBDWeight (nominal) < TBD KgDimensions (including front panel and rear conn.) 26.5mm x 82.5mm x 220mm

Fan Card 1UFans 3Power consumption <3 WWeight (nominal) < 0.1 kgDimensions (including front panel and rear conn.) 28.5mm x 41 mm x 220mm

MPT Access Cardinterface towards MPT Data 2x10/100/1000BaseT RJ45, 2xGE optical

Power GE electrical i/f with MPT MC, 2xQMA with MPT HC

LED Indicators 1 Card Status led, 2 x Tri-state for MPT connectivity

Dimensions (including front panel and rear connector)

22mm x 230mm x 170mm (H,L,W)

Weight < 0.5 kg (1,1 lb)Power consumption <11 WFuse 3A

MPT modem characteristics MPT HC MPT MCCapacity support from 3.5 to 56 MHz

Modulation support QPSK, , 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, 128QAM, 256QAM

Adaptive modulation supported YES YESXPIC supported YES NO,

Access Cards

PDH Access BoardLED Indicators 1 Status ledPower consumption (nominal) <16 WDimensions (including front panel and rear connector) 22mm x 230mm x 170mm (H,L,W)Weight (nominal) < 0.34 kg (0.74 lb)Interface, configurable Electrical 1 to 32x 2.048 Mbps (E1)

Electrical interface parameters

Standards Compliance

E1 Compliant to ITU-T Rec. G.703, G.823

Line code E1 HDB3

Connectors TDM32 2x SCSI

44

Impedance E1 75W unbalanced or 120W balanced, configurable

2E1 SFPPower consumption (nominal) <1,1 WDimensions (including front panel and rear connector) 17.0mm x 13.7mm x 77.0mm

(H,W,D)Weight (nominal) 15g (0.5 oz)Interface, configurable

Electrical 1xE1, 2xE1

Electrical interface parameters

Standards Compliance

E1 Compliant to ITU-T Rec. G.703, G.823

Line code E1 HDB3Connectors E1 RJ45Impedance E1 120 ohm balanced

75 ohm unbalanced

E3 SFPPower consumption (nominal) <1,1 WDimensions (including front panel and rear connector) 12.4mm x 14mm x 79mm (H,W,D) Weight (nominal) 30g (1 oz)Interface Electrical E3

Electrical interface parameters

Standards Compliance

E3 Compliant to ITU-T Rec. G.703, G.823

Line code E3 HDB3Connectors E3 1.0x2.3Impedance E3 75 ohm unbalanced

SDH Access CardLED Indicators 1 Status ledPower consumption (nominal) <17 WDimensions (including front panel and rear connector) 22mm x 230mm x 170mm

(H,L,W)Weight (nominal) < 0.34 kg (0.74 lb)Interface, configurable

1xSTM-1, 2xSTM-1

Interface parameters

Standards Compliance

SDH Compliant to ITU-T Rec. G.707, G.957

Connector 2xSFPType STM-1 electrical, 1.0x2.3

STM-1 optical, LC single mode

EoSDH SFPPower consumption (nominal) <1.3 WDimensions (including front panel and rear connector) 12.2mm x 13.7mm x 76.2mm

(H,W,D)

45

Weight (nominal) 15g (0.5 oz)Interface Optical 1xSTM-1

Electrical interface parameters

Standards Compliance

STM-1 Compliant to ITU-T Rec. G.7041, G.957

Connectors 1xSFPType STM-1 optical, LC single mode

ASAPLED Indicators 4 Status ledPower consumption (nominal) <16 WDimensions (including front panel and rear connector)

22mm x 230mm x 170mm (H,L,W)

Weight (nominal) < 0.9 kg (2 lb)Interface, configurable Electrical 1 to 16x 2.048 Mbps (E1)

Electrical interface parameters

Standards Compliance

E1 Compliant to ITU-T Rec. G.704

Line code E1 HDB3

Connectors ASAP16 1x SCSI

Impedance E1 75W unbalanced or 120W balanced, configurable

Auxiliary cardLED Indicators 2 Status ledPower consumption (nominal) <8 WDimensions (including front panel and rear connector)

22mm x 230mm x 170mm (H,L,W)

Weight (nominal) < 0.5 kg Auxiliary data Aux Data

Channels2

Interface RS422Line rate 64 Kbit/s, synchronous

Connector type 15 pin D-SUBAlarm I/O External Alarm

Inputs6

External Alarm Outputs

7

Connector type 15 pin D-SUB

46

14 Modem Performances (MPT)

1.17 Bit Rate, Capacity and Roll-Off factor1

Please refer to “9500MPR ETSI Technical summary” spreadsheet

1.18 Dispersive Fade Margin (DFM)

Profile DFM4QAM - 28 MHz 708PSK - 28 MHz 69,3

16QAM - 56 MHz 56,616QAM - 28 MHz 64,616QAM - 14 MHz 70,732QAM - 56 MHz 49,332QAM - 28 MHz 56,132QAM - 14 MHz 6732QAM - 7 MHz 73,5

64QAM - 56 MHz 46,764QAM - 28 MHz 55,164QAM - 14 MHz 65,164QAM - 7 MHz 72,6

128QAM - 56 MHz 43,3128QAM - 28 MHz 53,1128QAM - 14 MHz 69,7128QAM - 7 MHz 70,4

256QAM - 56 MHz 40,7256QAM - 28 MHz 49,4256QAM - 14 MHz 58,7256QAM - 7 MHz 69,6

47

1.19 Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)

SNR @ 10-6 BER (dB)

3,5 MHz 7 MHz 14 MHz 28 MHz 40 MHz 56 MHz

CLass2QPSK 9,5 dB 8,0 dB 8,0 dB 8,0 dB    

8PSK 13,0 dB 12,5 dB 12,0 dB 12,0 dB    

CLass416QAM 14,5 dB 14,0 dB 13,6 dB 13,6 dB   13,6 dB

32QAM 18,8 dB 18,1 dB 17,4 dB 17,4 dB   17,4 dB

CLass564QAM 21,6 dB 20,8 dB 20,2 dB 20,2 dB 20,2 dB 20,2 dB

128QAM   25,0 dB 24,0 dB 24,0 dB 24,0 dB 24,0 dB

CLass6 256QAM   27,6 dB 26,7 dB 26,5 dB 26,5 dB 26,5 dB

1.20 Co-Channel Threshold Degradation

Modulation 1 dB degradation @BER=10e-6 3 dB degradation @BER=10e-6

QPSK 13 dB 8 dB

8PSK 18 dB 13 dB

16QAM 20 dB 15 dB

32QAM 24 dB 19 dB

64QAM 27 dB 22 dB

128QAM 29 dB 24 dB

256QAM 32.5 dB 27.5 dB

48

15 MEF-8 and ATM

1.21 MEF-8As described in MetroEthernet Forum, MEF-8 is a standard for “implementing interoperable CES

equipment that reliably transport TDM circuits across Metro Ethernet Networks while meeting the

required performance of circuit emulated TDM services as defined in ITU-T and ANSI TDM

standards”. The Circuit Emulation Service (CES) emulates a circuit network, by packetizing,

encapsulating and tunneling the TDM traffic over Ethernet.

MEF-8 Service Definitions

Alcatel-Lucent 9500 MPR implements a proprietary technique that reduces to a few percentages the

overhead improving the use on bandwidth on air when MEF-8 emulated circuits are transported. The

improvement depends on the MEF-8 payload size and frame format and in case of TDM2TDM results

in having quite the same efficiency than a traditional TDM radio.

16 BER performances When MEF-8 Ethernet frames are transmitted through a noisy medium (e.g. the Radio Physical

Layer), bit errors may occur. If an Ethernet frame is affected by one error, this is detected and the

entire frame is dropped. This affects the TDM with a worse BER that if compared with a traditional

TDM over TDM transmission process, it is higher, multiplied by a factor that is the frame length.

In order to avoid such BER degradation a technique is implemented such as for any reasonable BER

on the Radio Channel, the TDM transported by MEF-8 CESoETH is affected by the same BER without

any multiplication effect.

49

17 Packet Delay Variation control A technique is implemented in order to control Packet Delay Variation (PDV) affecting MEF-8

Ethernet frames. With this technique the waiting time that affects MEF-8 Ethernet frames are not

depending on the length of the Ethernet frame.

This gives benefit in term of packet delay variation minimization, so that any kind of services (VoIP,

TDM, ATM, Ethernet) is experiencing a small cost value of PDV, independently and regardless of the

traffic load.

1.22 ATM9500 MPR terminates the native ATM stream collected through ASAP card and to aggregate this

traffic into a unique Ethernet flow towards the air.

In the 9500 MPR node facing the Core Network, the original ATM stream can be either re-built on

ASAP card or sent as ATM PW packets through Ethernet interface.

ASAP card supports Inverse Multiplexing over ATM (IMA) v.1.1. It is possible to configure up to 8 IMA

groups on the same card; a single IMA group can support 1 to 16 E1 links.

The ASAP card extracts the ATM cells from each IMA group and discards the empty cells, optimizing

the bandwidth; it performs policing on ATM traffic and encapsulates the ATM cells into Ethernet

packets, according to RFC 4717.

At radio level, 9500 MPR manages the QoS of the original ATM stream according to the ATM services

category. Each ATM flow is assigned to a different radio queue according to its priority.

Same proprietary technique used in MEF-8 transport to improve the use on bandwidth on air, the

BER and PDV are also used to improve the ATM transport.

Two main applications are foreseen for ATM services:

ATM to ATM (ATM hand-off) 9500MPR terminates the native ATM stream collected though

ASAP board and aggregates this traffic into a unique Ethernet flow at Radio Side. In the last

9500MPR node facing Core Network, the original ATM flows are re-built on ASAP board. ATM

aggregation is performed by collecting the traffic of multiple NodeB onto a single IMA group

with a reduced number of E1 output links. In this scenario, optimization is achieved at radio

level and in terms of number of E1 interfaces towards core network.

50

ATM PW IMA groups are terminated by MPR network on NodeB side and ATM traffic,

encapsulated into Ethernet frames, is transported into the Core Network towards RNC. At

RNC site, MPLS gateways shall de-capsulate the ATM cells from the Ethernet frames and

rebuild the original ATM streams.

18 Physical layer Management

Compliant to ATM E1 Physical Layer Specification AF-PHY-0064.000

16 E1s supported (with usual HDB3 line coding)

Physical impedance configurable (twisted pair 120 Ohm balanced or coax. 75 Ohm

unbalanced)

Each E1 port could be configured to be:

node timing (i.e. clock is derived from the common network element clock)

loop timing (i.e the clock is derived from the incoming E1)

19IMA layer management Compliant to Inverse Multiplexing for ATM (IMA) Specification – Version 1.1 AF-PHY-0086.

IMA version 1.1

IMA frame length:128

IMA clock mode: CTC

Support up to 8 IMA groups on the same card

Minimum number of transmit links (E1s) inside one IMA group to consider active the group is

user configurable. Default value is 1.

Maximum number of transmit links (E1s) inside one IMA group is 16

Maximum differential delay among links is user configurable, up to 75 ms. Default value is 25

ms.

IMA group ID is user configurable (range from 0 t0 255)

20 ATM layer management Compliant to ATM traffic management version 4.1 AF-TM-0121.000 and to

Addendum to ATM TM v 4.1 for UBR MDCR AF-TM-0150.000

Up to 48 VPs/VCs for each ATM interface (IMA group) could be defined

For each VP/VC defined inside an ATM interface, an ATM Traffic descriptor

for the ingress (ATM to Packet direction) and egress (Packet to ATM

direction) directions could be defined, as foreseen by relevant standards.

51

Parameters for ATM Traffic descriptor that are configurable:

Service category: CBR (Constant Bit Rate), UBR+, UBR (Unspecified Bit

Rate)

PCR value: Peak Cell Rate [cell/sec] specified for all service categories

MDCR value: Minimum Desired Cell Rate [cell/sec] specified for UBR+.

MDCR=0 for UBR

In order to further optimize the radio bandwidth, the following traffic

management is supported:

CBR: traffic is transported at the PCR (peak cell rate)

UBR+ : traffic is transported at the MDCR (Minimum Desired Cell Rate), the

traffic exceeding the MDCR (but below PCR) is transported if radio

bandwidth is available

UBR: traffic is transported as best effort

Two different working modes are possible:

VCC mode (Virtual Circuit Connection): the transport of ATM traffic into

Ethernet frames is done encapsulating into the same Ethernet flow only

ATM cells belonging to the same VC. ·

VPC mode (Virtual Path Connection): the transport of ATM traffic into

Ethernet frames is done encapsulating into the same Ethernet flow all ATM

cells belonging to the same VP, whatever the VC

Interface types supported are both UNI/NNI, to be chosen at NE level.

21 PW layer ATM PW service support N:1 Cell Mode encapsulation with N=1.

Key parameters PWs flows are related to cell concatenation:

o Maximum number of concatenated ATM cells; this value answers to

“how many ATM cells in one Ethernet frame?”. Usual value are low

for CBR traffic (L=2) and higher for UBR (L=10)

o Timeout value; this value answers to “how long it is needed to wait

for next ATM cell?”. Usual value are low for real time traffic (1 ms)

and higher for non real time traffic (5 ms)

For each ATM PW flow, it is possible to change VPI/VCI value of the

transported cells to a different value (VPI/VCI Translation)

Ingress VPI/VCI translation (ATM-> Ethernet direction): VPI/VCI value of

ATM cells encapsulated into PW Ethernet frames is changed to a user

configurable value

52

Egress VPI/VCI translation (Ethernet -> ATM direction) : Whatever is the

VPI/VCI value within ATM cells transported by ATM PW frame, VPI/VCI value

is changed (into the ATM Cells sent towards ATM interface) according to

the configured value of related VP (in case of VPC mode) or VC (VCC mode)

of ATM interface

Capacity: it is possible to support: o Up to 48 ATM PWs for each ATM interface (IMA group) that can be

supported on the same ASAP card

o Up to 128 ATM PWs on the same ASAP card

53

2

9 Adaptive Modulation

To be able to fulfill the required quality of service (QoS) parameter of the specific applications,

together with the goal of efficient usage of the available frequency spectrum under temporal variable

channel conditions, the signal transmission parameter should be adapted to the near-instantaneous

channel conditions.

The receiver measures/estimates the communication channel conditions and sends a report to the

transmitter station. The signal transmission parameters are determined for the next transmission

according to channel quality estimation. The transmitter and the receiver must regularly synchronize

the applied communication mode.

An appropriate prediction method is needed for channel parameter estimation, because channel

quality estimation error limits the performance of the adaptive system. The most reliable approach is

based on the Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise-Ratio (SINR), measured obtained using the Mean

Square Error (MSE).

The radio with ACM is "error-less", in other words is able to guarantee the same performances

either in case of Constant Bit Rate (CBR) payload or in case of "First Priority" payload. The error-less

concept means that a certain portion of the traffic, i.e. SDH, PDH or other-like CBR or NCBR defined

by the customer/operator as "first priority", shall be treated as the traditional traffic in SDH or PDH

system, guarantying a certain level of availability.

The remaining portion of traffic is carried with less availability, according to the link propagation

performances, guarantying the "best effort" or other objectives.

9500 MPR allows to fully exploit the air bandwidth in its entirety by changing modulation scheme

according to the propagation availability, associating to the different services quality the available

transport capacity.

54

2.1 Performances of Adaptive Modulation: for Flat Fading, 9500 MPR supports notch speed up to 100 dB/sec without errors on priority

traffic.

in case of Selective Fading 9500 MPR is able to provide a 40 dB notch event, thus supporting

100 MHz/sec speed without errors.

55

3Synchronization

The Alcatel-Lucent 9500 MPR product family supports a full range of local and end-to-end network-

synchronization solutions for a wide variety of applications.

At the ingress of the microwave backhauling the network clock can be locked to anyone of the

following sources:

Synch-Eth

Any plesiochronous E1/T1 data link chosen from any input interface

Dedicated Sync-In port available on MPR core module for a waveform frequency signal at 2, 5, or 10 MHz

Built-in free run oscillator.

STM1 clock chosen from SDH input interface

At the egress of the backhauling network synchronization is made available through anyone of the

following:

Synch-Ethernet according to G.8261/8262

Any plesiochronous E1/T1 data link chosen from any output interface

Dedicated Sync-In port available on MPR core module for a waveform frequency signal at 2, 5, or 10 MHz.

STM1 clock chosen from SDH output interface

It is important to notice that ingress and egress methods can be freely mixed, depending on the

specific needs of the operator. So, as an example, the network clock can be locked to an ingress E1

and delivered through a Synch-Eth or BITS interface at the egress of the microwave backhauling.

On the radio channel, a 9500 MPR transfers the reference clock to an adjacent MPR device through

the radio carrier frequency at physical layer. This method offers two main advantages:

No bandwidth is consumed for the synchronization distribution

Total immunity to the network load.

56

End-to-end scenarios where time-of-day/phase alignment are requested are fully supported, as 1588

PTP v2 is delivered transparently by MPR across the microwave backhauling network.

MPR deployment in mobile backhauling

Both for Hybrid and Packet working modes, the Clock can be received at hand-off or delivered at the

cell site. Synch-Eth, E1, PDH, SDH and BITS clock modes are available.

9500 MPR has an embedded reference clock which is distributed to each board of the network

element. Such clock is generated in the Clock Reference Unit (CRU) of the core card (controller).

57

PDH cardPDH card

ASAP cardASAP card

Radio cardRadio card

Core cardCore card

E1/T1

CRUCRUClockselectorClockselector

G813 quality

ATM/IMAE1/T1

Symbol rate

Synch- EthSynch-Out

PDH cardPDH card

ASAP cardASAP card

Radio cardRadio card

Core cardCore card

E1/T1

ATM/IMAE1/T1

Symbol rate

Synch- EthSynch-Out

Stratum 3oscillator

Distributed reference clock

SDH/Sonetcard

SDH/Sonetcard

STM-1/OC-3

SDH/Sonetcard

SDH/Sonetcard

STM-1/OC-3

Clock source selection and distribution

The availability of the Clock in the Network represents the most common scenario, characterized by

a time source available at the ingress of the microwave backhauling network, derived from the

primary reference clock.

PRC

Service nodewith master clock

Microwave tail

Microwavehub

Microwave hand-off

Cell site

Aggregation network

Sync-EthT1/ E1BITS

1588

Aggregation

network

L1 synchL1 synchSync-EthT1/ E1BITS

Network clock –frequency

Network clock –phase

Service clock

Sync-EthSDH

DCR

Network Clock Available

Synchronization (frequency) is delivered to the cell site using any of the options available on MPR,

depending on the operator’s need. Worth repeating ingress and egress methods can be mixed (i.e.

Synch-Eth at the ingress, E1/T1 at the egress) via a simple configuration.

58

4Ethernet Features

4.1 MAC Switching – embedded Level 2 EthernetThe switch is capable to evaluate the destination address of each frame received and to transmit the

individual frames to the correct egress port according to information contained in a database

"address resolution table" and associated to destination address. If the switch does not know on

which port to forward the frame (destination address is not present in "address resolution table"), it

sends the packet on all ports (flooding). The switch performs half transparent bridge functionality

that is to filter the frames which destination is on the segment (port) where it was received.

4.2 Level-2 Addressing The address management function is performed in the switch through the address table (Level-2

Table) that can manage up to 16384 entries in MSS-4/8, 8192 entries in MSS-1c. This means that the

maximum number of MAC addresses supported is 16384 for MSS-4/8 and 8192 with MSS-1c.

New entries are automatically learned when packet is received on port.

These entries can be created or updated by the Equipment.

The aging process periodically removes dynamically learned addresses from the "address resolution

table".

Learning is based on Source MAC Address and VLAN ID.

It is possible to combine this function with the static configuration of the registration entries. For any

valid incoming packet, the Source MAC Address is associated to the VLAN ID (directly from the packet

or through VLAN Tables) and used to search the proper tables.

If a match is not found, the new address is learned and associated with the ingress port of the

packet. If a match is found, no further action is taken for learning.

The Destination MAC Address along with the VLAN ID is used as a search key for the packet’s output

port.

59

If a match is found then the packet is switched out on the matched port, otherwise, if the match is

not found, then a Destination Lookup Failure (DLF) occurs and the packet is switched out on all ports

that are members of the VLAN, except that one which has received the packet in ingress.

4.3 Flooding If the switch does not know on which port to forward the frame (destination address is not present in

"address resolution table"), it sends the packet on all ports (flooding). By default the flooding is

enabled on all ports and doesn’t require any CT/NMS setting. Nevertheless using the cross

connections capability is possible to restrict the flooding only on some ports.

4.4 Half bridge functionality The switch performs half transparent bridge functionality (address learning to filter the frames which

destination is on the segment where it was generated).

4.5 Summary of Ethernet Features Supported

4.5.1 IEEE 802.3x Flow control In case of incoming Ethernet traffic leading to exhaustion of buffers on input queues, PAUSE frames

are transmitted from the switch to remote peer in order to slow down the traffic (if the peer

supports flow control).

In the other direction, when the switch receives a pause frame on a specific port from peer

equipment, the switch stops the packet transmission on that port until receives again a pause frame

with resume transmission command.

Flow control to be fully effective (no packets lost inside the network) requires that all devices in the

end-to-end path support flow control.

The flow control function is supported only when the capability is full duplex.

The flow control setting on the switch ports linked to user Ethernet ports must be consistent with the

setting on the user ports.

Flow control is supported on MSS-1c, on 1 port, in full duplex asymmetric Tx mode, meaning that the

switch will be able to transmit PAUSE frames, but will ignore received PAUSE frames.

Flow control is not supported on MPR-e.

4.5.2 Asymmetric Flow control

60

This features on switch port based, allows of enable the pause frame only in transmission or receiver

side.

In the first case the switch can generate pause frame toward peer but is not able to stop transmission

traffic when receives a pause from peer.

In the second case, asymmetric receive flow control enabled, the switch when receives a pause

frame stops the transmission but is not able to transmit pause frame toward the peer.

The asymmetric flow control setting on the switch ports linked to user Ethernet ports must be

consistent with the setting on the user ports.

4.5.3 802.1Q VLAN managementThe port-based VLAN feature allows of partition the switch ports into virtual private domains.

According to the type of site configuration and cross-connections setting this feature is properly

managed by the software. For example, if all traffic from one Ethernet port must be forwarded only

in one radio direction is good to enable the traffic exchange only between these ports.

The IEEE 802.1Q tag VLAN feature can be enabled including between the other the stripping or

adding of the TAG and VLAN lookups in addition to MAC lookups (this feature between the other can

be useful for re-route TMN traffic to the controller).

The IEEE 802.1Q tag VLAN feature can be enabled or disabled (be transparent for the VLAN) including

between the other the stripping or adding of the TAG and VLAN lookups in addition to MAC lookups

(this feature can be useful to logically break a physical LAN into a few smaller logical LAN and to

prevent data to flow between the sub-LAN), dropping NON-VLAN Frames.

4.5.4 Link Aggregation (IEEE 802.3ad)Link Aggregation allows one or more physical links to be aggregated together to form a Link

Aggregation Group, such that a MAC Client (CES, VLAN Management, etc.) can treat the Link

Aggregation Group as if it is a single link.

Link Aggregation provides the following:

Increased bandwidth: The capacity of multiple links is combined into one logical link

Link protection: The failure or replacement of a single link within a Link Aggregation Group

does not cause failure from the perspective of a MAC Client.

61

Load sharing: MAC Client traffic may be distributed across multiple links.

Automatic configuration: Link Aggregation Groups are automatically configured and

individual links are automatically allocated to those groups relying on the Link Aggregation

Protocol.

Static configuration: Link Aggregation Groups are statically configured by the operator.

Link aggregation is not currently supported on MSS-1c.

4.6 Ethernet OAM (IEEE 802.3ag)Ethernet OAM is a set of procedures for maintenance and troubleshooting of point-to-point and

multi-point Ethernet Virtual Connections that span one or more links. It is end-to-end within an

Ethernet network. The following figure shows a network comprising of multiple domains within the

metro network.

Customer domain

Provider domain

Operator 1domain Operator 2

domain

Customer domain

Provider domain

Operator 1domain Operator 2

domain

The customer subscribes to the services of a provider, who in turn subscribes to the services of two

operators. Every domain has its own NMS. There are two planes. “Vertical” plane in red shows the

OAM entities across different domains. “Horizontal” plane in blue has various OAM entities (MEPs

and MIPs) within a domain. The following figures show the cross-section across the vertical OAM

plane and the horizontal OAM plane respectively. The vertical plane figure shows a single monitored

path for each administrative domain; the horizontal plane figure shows two monitored paths for the

same administrative domain.

62

Vertical plane cross-section

MIP1 MIP2 MIP3 MIP4 MIP5 MIP6 MIP7 MIP8

MIP9

MIP10

MIP11

MIP12

MEP1

MEP2

MEP3

MEP4

BridgePortMIPMEP

Horizontal plane cross-section

63

Ethernet OAM provides the following tools:

Ethernet OAM will be supported on MSS-1c in future release.

64

4.7 Ethernet Ring Protection (ITU-T G.8032v2)

ERP allows a simple, Carrier Grade and reliable packet protection in ring topologies. It is applicable to

Full Microwave Rings only.

ITU-T G.8032v2 ERP filled the gap in Carrier grade Ring protection schema. (x)STP in fact has been

developed for LAN environments and it is not employed anymore in new network deployments for

its lack of determinism (depending on the position of root bridge) and scalability (BPDU needs to be

processed in each node, MSTP is complex to operate, Per-VLAN STP is not standardized and scalable)

in Carrier networks.

With reference to the following network scenario:

the following specifications apply:

The ring is implemented by east and west facing radio directions

Traffic can follow on both ring directions: Clockwise direction & Counter-clockwise direction

Protection is triggered by physical criteria (no protocol intervention)

Protection is based on R-APS messages sent on both sides of the ring by the nodes detecting

the failure. Traffic is redirected by each node of the ring locally, ensuring parallel processing

to speed up protection time.

G.8032v2 algorithm operates on VLAN, regardless the type of traffic transported: TDM

(TDM2TDM and TDM2ETH) and Eth (Multiple CoS and services) traffic types can be protected

65

Traffic flows (any type/priority) can be allocated on both ring directions to exploit the

maximum ring bandwidth in normal conditions for best effort traffic and to limit packet delay

when traffic enters from different points of the ring.

G.8032v2 is supported on both MSS1/MSS4/MSS8

Synchronization is managed through SSM messages (Synchronous Ethernet).

Multichannel LAG L1 configuration can be supported inside the ring, with optionally error

error free adaptive modulation configured.

9500MPR does support ITU-T G.8032v2 in mixed configuration as well, meaning that some links can

be microwave and some links can use fiber. Here below few options available, with 8032v2 ring

implemented by ALU devices.

66

4.8 Other features

Port Segregation: all traffic received/transmitted from one user Ethernet port or radio

direction cannot be exchanged with specific user Ethernet ports/radio directions

Per flow policer: ingress rate limiter per VLAN, dropping the traffic exceeding a given CIR

value

Per Cos policer: ingress rate limiter per p bits value (i.e. possibility to define a thresholds

above which the traffic a given pbit value or a given set of pbits values is dropped)

Broadcast storm control: ingress rate limiter on broadcast traffic

Multicast storm control: ingress rate limiter on multicast traffic

MAC address access control list: only packet with SA inside a given list are transmitted

towards the radio

These features are not supported by MPR-e.

4.8.1 Stacked VLAN (Q-in-Q): 802.1ad The switch supports double tagging according to 802.1ad, in particular:

• adding a service VLAN on the ingress traffic

• pbits value of service VLAN is a)user configurable b)same value of customer VLAN.

The EtherTypes supported are:

EtherType 0x8100

EtherType 0x9100

EtherType 0x88A8

4.8.2 VLAN swap Every incoming frames on a given user having VLANID xxx is remarked with VLANID yyy without

changing the priority (.1p bits).

67

This feature is not supported by MSS-1c and MPR-e

4.9 Ethernet QoSThe Ethernet switch provides a Quality of Service mechanism to control all streams. If by CT/NMS the

QoS is disabled all traffic inside the switch has the same priority, this means that for each switch port

there is only one queue (FIFO) therefore the first packet that arrives is the first that is transmitted.

4.9.1 Traffic priority In the switch the QoS assigns the priority for each packet according to information in:

Port-based : the same priority is assigned to each frame arriving at the given ingress port;

IEEE std 802.1p : the packet is examined for the presence of a valid 802.1P user-priority Tag. If the

tag is present the correspondent priority is assigned to the packet;

MAC based : the MAC destination address and VLAN ID are used to determine the priority for

each packet;

DiffServ : each packet is classified based on DSCP field in the IP header to determine the priority;

By CT/NMS the priority can be chosen between 802.1p or DiffServ for each Network Element.

4.9.2 IEEE 802.1P QoS configuration When 802.1p QoS mechanism is adopted the reference is the standard "IEEE 802.1D-2004 Annex G.

User priorities and traffic classes” that defines 7 traffic types and the corresponding user priority

values.

By CT/NMS is possible to configure the mapping 802.1p value to queue inside the switch (except for

MSS-1c).

When an incoming packet is not 802.1p it is assigned to the lowest priority queue.

4.9.3 DiffServ QoS configuration When DiffServ QoS mechanism is adopted the classification uses the DS field of the IP packet header.

By CT/NMS is possible to configure the mapping DS field value to queue inside the switch (except for

MSS-1c). When an incoming packet has not DiffServ valid value it is assigned to the lowest priority

queue. IPv6 TOS classification is supported as well.

4.9.4 Congestion management

68

In case of traffic congestion is possible to choose between Random Early Detection (RED) or tail drop

algorithm before the congestion becomes excessive.

4.9.5 Quality of Service Quality of service of CORE card: The Quality of Service feature of the Ethernet switch provides eight

internal queues for each port to support eight different class of service (COS). For each egress port

according to the method of QoS classification configured in the switch, the packets are assigned to

specific queue.

High priority traffic is served starting from Queue 8 to 6, while the remaining five queues are shared

by all generic Ethernet flows according the default and fixed classification mechanism configured by

CT/NMS.

In MSS-1c, classification services is slightly different to stick with specific requirements of the tail.

L2 switch in MSS-1c provides 4 internal queues per port

All TDM flows are assigned to highest egress priority queue (Q4)

Ethernet flows are assigned based on 802.1p or Diffserv information.

For MPR-e , the 3 first queues are dedicated to TDM2TDM, TDM2ETH and TMN traffic. TDM2TDM

and TDM2ETH traffic management will be supported in future release.

5 next queues are dedicated to Ethernet traffic.

For MPR-e, the Ethernet queues can be configured in HQP (starting from queue#5) in strict priority

algorithm to guaranty real time transport such as VoIP

69

Classification

VLAN&MAC

VLAN&MAC

VLAN&MAC

1p/Diffserv

Scheduler type

Service type

MPR QoS

HPQ

TDM

TDM2ETH

TMN

#8

#7

#6

ETHERNET

ETHERNET

ETHERNET

ETHERNET

ETHERNET

1p/Diffserv

1p/Diffserv

1p/Diffserv

1p/Diffserv #1

#5

#4

#3

#2

HPQ/DWRR

Two types of scheduler algorithms are possible:

Deficit Weighted Round Robin (DWRR); the weights determine the number of blocks (not the

number of packets) that each queue can send at each algorithm round.

Strict Priority (SP) or High Queue Preempt (HQP); guarantee that when the queue with higher

priority is not empty, it is immediately served. The primary purpose of the strict priority

scheduler is to provide lower latency service to the higher CoS classes of traffic.

70

5MPT Technical description

Three different MPT options are proposed:

MPT XP (Extended Power) MPT HC (High Capacity) MPT MC (Medium Capacity)

The three variants are using a common architecture. They can work :

- in split mount : connected to MSS4/8 and MSS-1c,

- stand alone mode, called MPR-e,

- or integrated : connected to 7705 SAR or 1850 TSS to address MPLS converged networks.

The differences between the three versions are described hereafter:

1+1 Configuration

MPT-HC and XP offer the possibility to expand their capabilities thanks to a module which can

be directly plugged onto the outdoor unit. Two modules are available: XPIC module (to be used for

XPIC configuration) and RPS module (to be used for 1+1 configuration). The two mate MPTs are

consequently interconnected through a cable to allow the exchange of signals needed to perform

XPIC or RPS functionalities.

Note: RPS modules and the tight connecting cable between two mate MPT-HCs and XPs are optional.

Note: Default configuration for 1+1 HSB/SD/FD radio protection does not require RPS module and

tight cable: the signals needed for RPS are exchanged between two mate MPTs through IDU/ODU

cables and through MSS, instead of using RPS modules and tight cable. This is leading to a cost

optimized solution not only in term of cost but also in term of operations.

Connectivity

MPT MC offers electrical connectivity on a single CAT5 cable providing data and power.

In addition, MPT HC / XP offer both electrical connectivity on a single CAT5 cable providing data, power and optical connectivity

XPIC function

This function is supported on MPT HC and XP only.

71

Extended power

MPT XP proposes an eXtended emission Power compared to MPT HC and MC, from 6 to 8dB

depending on modulation. This allows an improvement for system gain. It is available for low

frequencies: L6 GHz, U6 GHz,7GHz and 8GHz.

Except for emission power and for system gain, MPT XP presents the same performances as MPT HC.

In addition, the interface, and the installation material is also the same. All MPT XPs are using

external diplexers that are compatible with MPT HC or MC. MPT XP is also the best in class for power

consumption perspectives compared to the competition.

Even if the global shape is the same between MPT HC / MC and XP, there is no possible kit to

upgrade MPT HC or MC to MPT XP.

The MPT XP can be powered with an MPT Extended Power Unit (see further section on this topic).

The MPT supports capacities from 2xE1 to 160xE1 (6 to 553 Mbps) and modulation rates QPSK, 8PSK,

16QAM, 32QAM, 64 QAM, 128 QAM and 256 QAM without hardware change. All channelization

from 3.5 MHz up to 56 MHz can also be used in the same platform.

MPT is available for all licensed frequency bands from 6 to 38 GHz.

Baseband signal coming from MSS is transported to MPT through optical or electrical connectivity.

In case of electrical connectivity, a single CAT5 cable connects an MPT to the MSS, which carries

transmit and receive baseband signals, telemetry overheads, internal controls and MPT DC power.

In case of optical connectivity, two cables connect an MPT to the MSS: one cable is a 50 ohm coaxial

cable to send the -48 V power supply to the MPT; the second cable is an Ethernet optical cable that

carries transmit and receive baseband signals, telemetry overheads and internal controls.

72

MPT-XP

5.1 MPT CapacitiesPlease refer to “9500MPR ETSI Technical summary” spreadsheet

5.2 MPT RF specificationsPlease refer to “9500MPR ETSI Technical summary” spreadsheet.

73

MPT Radio Frequency Specifications

Specification Frequency Range (GHz) Max. Tuning Range (MHz) Tx-Rx spacings supported (MHz)

5.8 GHz 5.725 - 5.850 64

L6 GHz 5.925 - 6.425 252.04

U6 GHz 6.425 - 7.11 340

7 GHz 7.107 - 7.911 154, 160, 161, 168, 196, 245

8 GHz 7.725 - 8.496119, 126, 151.614, 208,

213.5, 266, 294.44, 305.56, 310, 311.32

10.5 GHz 10.000 – 10.684 91, 350

11 GHz 10.7 - 11.7 490, 530

13 GHz 12.75 - 13.25 266

15 GHz 14.4 - 15.35 308, 315, 322, 420, 490, 644, 728

18 GHz 17.7 - 19.7 340, 1008, 1010, 1560

23 GHz 21.2 - 23.632 1008, 1050, 1200, 1232

25 GHz 24.52 - 26.483 1008

38 GHz 37.0 - 39.46 1260Note: Max. Tuning Range is dependent upon Tx-Rx spacing.

MPT Antenna Interface

Frequency Waveguide Type Flange Type Mating Flange Type

5.8 GHz R70 (WR137) PDR70 UDR70

L6/U6 GHz R70 (WR137) PDR70 UDR70

7 GHz R84 (WR112) UBR84 PBR84

8 GHz R84 (WR112) UBR84 PBR84

10.5 GHz R120 (WR75) UBR120 PBR120

11 GHz R120 (WR75) UBR120 PBR120

13 GHz R140 (WR62) UBR140 PBR140

15 GHz R140 (WR62) UBR140 PBR140

18 GHz R220 (WR42) UBR220 PBR220

23 GHz R220 (WR42) UBR220 PBR220

26 GHz R220 (WR42) UBR220 PBR220

38 GHz R320 (WR28) UBR320 PBR320

74

MPT Antenna Mount Losses

Frequency BandBalanced coupling Unbalanced Coupling

Main Coupler Secondary Coupler Main Coupler Secondary Coupler

6-15 GHz 3,5 dB 3,5 dB 1 dB 10 dB

18 GHz 3,6 dB 3,6 dB 1,6 dB 10,5 dB

23 GHz 3,6 dB 3,6 dB 1,6 dB 10,5 dB

26 GHz 3,6 dB 3,6 dB 1,6 dB 10,5 dB

38 GHz 3,8 dB 3,8 dB 1,8 dB 11 dB

MPT Antenna Mount Losses by Configuration (6-23 GHz)

ConfigurationFrequency Band

6 - 15 GHz 18 GHz 23 GHz

1+0 0 0 0

1+1 HSB 1(10)+1(10) 1(10)+1(10) 1(10)+1(10)

1+1 FD CP 3+3 3+3 3+3

1+1 FD AP 0 0 0

1+1 SD HSB 0 0 0

1+1 SDHSB CP*

3+3 3+3 3+3

1+1 HSB* 1(10)+1(10) 1(10)+1(10) 1(10)+1(10)

1+1 SDHSB AP*

0 0 0

1+1 FD +SD Hybrid

0 0 0

1+1 FD +SD Hybrid*

0 0 0

1+1 FD CP* (3x2)+(3x2) (3x2)+(3x2) (3x2)+(3x2)

1+1 FD AP* 3+3 3+3 3+3

1+1 HSB CP* [1(10)+3]+[1(10)+3]

[1(10)+3]+[1(10)+3]

[1(10)+3]+[1(10)+3]

1+1 HSB AP* 1(10)+1(10) 1(10)+1(10) 1(10)+1(10)

Note: The above table considers losses for integrated antennas. In case of non-integrated antennas, flexible waveguide losses (table on next page) are also to be considered. *stands for double antenna.

75

MPT Antenna Mount Losses by Configuration (25-38 GHz)

ConfigurationFrequency Band

25 GHz 38 GHz

1+0 0 0

1+1 HSB 1(10)+1(10) 1(10)+1(10)

1+1 FD CP 3+3 3+3

1+1 FD AP 0 0

1+1 SD HSB 0 0

1+1 SDHSB CP*

3+3 3+3

1+1 HSB* 1(10)+1(10) 1(10)+1(10)

1+1 SDHSB AP*

0 0

1+1 FD +SD Hybrid

0 0

1+1 FD +SD Hybrid*

0 0

1+1 FD CP* (3x2)+(3x2) (3x2)+(3x2)

1+1 FD AP* 3+3 3+3

1+1 HSB CP* [1(10)+3]+[1(10)+3]

[1(10)+3]+[1(10)+3]

1+1 HSB AP* 1(10)+1(10) 1(10)+1(10)

Note: The above table considers losses for integrated antennas. In case of non-integrated antennas, flexible waveguide losses (table below) are also to be considered. *stands for double antenna.

MPT Flexible Waveguide Losses

Waveguide LengthOperating Frequency (GHz)

5,85 - 8,20 7,05 - 10 8,2 - 12,4 10 - 15,0 12,4 - 18 18 - 26,5 26,5 - 40

60 cm 0,25 dB 0,3 dB 0,4 dB 0,5 dB 0,7 dB 1 dB 1,7 dB

1 m 0,3 dB 0,4 dB 0,43 dB - 0,9 dB 1,2 dB -

76

MPT Frequency Bands

Please refer to “9500MPT-HC & MPT-MC Tuning Guide”

77

6Radio Configurations

The following configurations are available for each radio path.

1+0

In this configuration the radio chain consists of:

One Radio Outdoor Unit (MPT) One Antenna One MPT Access Card

1+1

In this configuration the radio chain consists of:

Two Radio Outdoor Units ( MPT) One or two antennas One or two MPT Access Cards

Following options are available for protected configuration: Hot Stand-by (with or w/o coupler) Frequency Diversity Polarization Diversity

1+1 Hot Standby

This method offers protection against HW failures providing two independent TX/RX chains. In (1+1)HSby one transmitter is working, while the other one is in stand-by; both receivers are active and the best ODU source is selected.

78

(1+0)

ODU 300/MPT

Modem/AWY/ MPT Access Card

In case of 1+1 Hot Stand-by on single antenna, both Radio Units are connected to a coupler, balanced or un-balanced.

Alternatively, in case of 1+1 Hot Stand-by Space Diversity, each Radio Unit is connected to an individual antenna.

.

1+1 Frequency Diversity/Polarisation DIversity

79

(1+1)Hsby On two Antennas

Main

Hsby

Modem/MPT Access Card

(1+1)Hsby On Single Antenna

Main

Hsby

Modem/MPT Access Card

This method offers protection against selective and temporary link quality degradation.

In (1+1) Frequency Diversity, both radio paths are active in parallel using different frequencies; this

method, based on memory buffer that guarantees the bit to bit alignment, can offer error free

protection against fading (via a hitless switch) up to 100dB/sec.

Both two antennas and single antenna (dual polarized) mounting arrangements are available.

(However, with FD, the usual arrangement is one antenna SP.)

(1+1) Polarization Diversity adopts the same concepts of FD, but in this case the same RF signal is

transmitted on two different polarizations (H/V) by means of a single double polarized antenna.

Adjacent Channel Alternate Polarised (ACAP), Adjacent Channel Co Polarised (ACCP) and Co-Channel

Dual Polarisation (CCDP) operations are supported

6.16.1

Antenna Mount

Direct-Mounted Radio Unit

The Radio Unit is attached to its antenna by a direct-mount collar, which includes a built-in rotator

for selection of vertical or horizontal polarization.

A full range of direct-mount antennas is offered with diameters from 0.3m to 1.8m. As an aid to

antenna alignment, the ODU includes receive signal level (RSL) access

80

(1+1) Frequency/Polarisation Diversity On two Antennas

Main

Hsby

Modem/MPT Access Card

F1/H1

F2/H2

For single antenna protected, frequency diversity and 2+0 operation, a direct-mount antenna coupler

for two ODU is available.

Remote-Mounted ODU

Radio Unit can be installed separate from its antenna, using a remote-mount to support the ODU,

and a flexible-waveguide to connect the Radio Unit to its antenna.

A remote mount allows use of standard, single or dual polarization antennas. The mount can also be

used to remotely support a protected MPT pairing installed on a coupler. The coupler connects to the

remote mount assembly in the same way as a Radio Unit

6.2 Couplers

A coupler is used to connect two ODU to a common antenna for protected or single antenna

frequency diversity operation. Two versions are available, an equal-split 3/3dB coupler, and an

unequal-split coupler with a nominal 1dB insertion loss to/from the main ODU, and 10 dB insertion

loss to/from the standby ODU

81

.

10-11-38GHz MPT Coupler

6.3 Ortho-Mode Transducers (OMT)

Using one OMT and two MPT, it is possible to have double polarization (DP) configurations with

integrated antennas. With OMT we are offering the most compact and cost effective solution for

double polarization applications.

An OMT is a kind of double polarization coupler. The frequencies can be different (in a same band) or

identical (XPIC). By means of an interface, it is attached to the back plate of the antenna’s circular

waveguide feeder. This interface allows the rotation of the feeder for proper alignment of two facing

DP antennas.

There are two OMT shapes depending on the frequency band, identical to couplers:

82

Insertion loss from antenna to ODU is 0,5 dB, return loss 18 dB, Cross-polar discrimination (XPD) 30 dB, Inter-port Isolation (IPI) 35 dB.

6.4 4+0 or 2x(1+1) HSB dual pol integrated coupler

Mainly for N+0 configurations, a 3+0/4+0 dual pol integrated coupler is offered.

.

It is a very compact solution, allowing the usage of integrated antennas and avoiding the usage of

not-integrated antennas with external couplers and flex twist.

83

7MPT-GC Technical description

An MPT-GC link consists of two radio terminals that transmit to each other on a full duplex channel pair, providing point-to-point Ethernet and/or SONET/SDH connectivity between two locations.

The ODU is connected to indoor equipment through fiber for GbE connection. Power must be provided to ODU through a separate cable.

Each MPT-GC unit contains up to four SFP ports available for SONET/SDH and four SFP ports plus one copper RJ-45 port available for Ethernet. Any combination of ports can be used to carry traffic across the link.

The Ethernet interface traffic is bridged across the link via an embedded switch. The SONET/SDH traffic is handled separately within the radio and does not pass through the internal switch.

The SONET/SDH and Ethernet traffic are aggregated within the radio unit for transmission overthe air to the far end of the link. The portion of the radio bandwidth that is not used by enabled SONET/SDH interfaces is available for use by the Ethernet interfaces.

Depending on configuration the available Ethernet bandwidth can exceed 1000Mbps.

Frequency AgilityMPT-GC offers the flexibility to be tuned across the entire 80 GHz spectrum (71-76GHz & 81-86 GHz) in accordance with ECC REC 05/07.

Spectrum Efficiency

84

MPT-GC utilizes Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation. Full-rate gigabit Ethernet

transmissions (or combination of Ethernet + SDH/SONET up to 1200 Mbps) is achieved utilizing 1 GHz

of spectrum.

Automatic Transmit Power ControlA link with a higher fade margin has more tolerance against path fades but the higher output power

may interfere adversely with other users in the vicinity. The ATPC function is designed to alleviate

this by automatically increasing or decreasing the transmit power upon request from the opposite

terminal based on its receive signal quality, aggregate BER and receive signal level. In this way the

output power can be maintained at a lower level until needed

Adaptive Rate ModulationMPT-GC’s Adaptive Rate Modulation (ARM) feature provides gradual adaptive data rate and

modulation changes to the transmission that alters the modulation type and/or changes the signal

bandwidth, allowing the link to maintain high availability connections during propagation

impairments. As anomalies in the path reduce signal levels, MPT-GC shifts modulation from QPSK to

BPSK, and capacity decreases in incremental steps. The internal engine provides the necessary

prioritization of Ethernet and SONET/SDH traffic to maintain quality of service at the new data rate.

Once the anomaly subsides, MPT-GC automatically restores transmission capacity.

The following table correlates capacity, modulation, and bandwidth:

1200 Mbps / QPSK – 1000 MHz bandwidth

600 Mbps / BPSK – 1000 MHz bandwidth

240 Mbps / QPSK – 250 MHz bandwidth

120 Mbps / BPSK – 250 MHz bandwidth (only available with ARM)

Switches between rates and modulation occur in less than 50 milliseconds.

85

Feature HighlightMPT-GC is a carrier-grade system, with internal Layer 2 GigE switch

Up to 5 GigE ports

Four SFPs support 1000Base-X

One CAT6 (RJ45) support 10/100/1000Base-T

8 queues QoS

802.1p, Diffserv

Jumbo Frame support up to 10,000 byte packets

Ethernet Port statistics

VLAN membership

Jumbo Frame support up to 10,000 byte packets

IP V4 and V6

AES built-in Encryption

In-band, out-of-band Management

Transmitter and receiver specificationsTransmitter Tuning Range: MPT-GC operates in the 80 GHz band utilizing both 71 – 76 GHz and 81 –

86 GHz channels per ECC/REC 05/07, and supports one and four concatenated channels.

AES EncryptionMPT-GC can be upgraded to provide 256-bit AES Encryption on the transmission path via a software

upgrade key. This AES Encryption is FIPS-197 certified.

Encryption is Built-in (No external boxes) lowering the cost and network complexity compared to

using external encryptors.

Encryption operates at Full-line rate ( GigE speed) and adds only adds 2 µSec latency.

860GHz Radio

The 60GHz radio is a layer 2 wireless ethernet bridge operating in the V-Band (60GHz). The link

consists of two radio terminals. Each radio terminal is managed individually through a Web

Management Interface or an SNMP Management Interface.

86

It delivers full duplex data at a rate of up to 1000 Mbps.

Each radio terminal has a single 1000BaseT interface with PoE powering compliant with 802.3at.

Each radio terminal is implemented with a 3 port Ethernet switch. The first switch port connected to

the physical Ethernet connection to the terminal. The second switch port connected to the radio

modem and the third switch port connected to the terminals management agent.

Address learning is enabled in each of the switches to reduce the amount of unnecessary airside

traffic.

The Liberator-V320 is ideally suited for the backhauling of Small Cells in dense inner city areas

delivering up to 320 Mbps Full-Duplex Net throughput in QPSK and up to 160 Mbps Full-Duplex in

BPSK mode. Weighing just 2.5 kg and measuring a compact 182x182x68mm, the Outdoor Unit (ODU)

is easy and quick to deploy.

The Liberator-V1000 has been developed to solve bandwidth bottlenecks in Metro Cell Networks and

to be used as a last-mile fibre/leased line replacement for business customers in city environments.

The V1000 supports up to 1 Gbps Full-Duplex Net throughput. The form factor of the ODU is identical

to that of the Liberator-V320.

9Sub-6GHz Radio

The Sub-6GHz solution offers two variant: 2000 Series for PtP connection up to 250Mb aggregate

traffic and 5000 Setries for PtmP connections up to 250Mb aggregate traffic. Both variants are using

TDD transmission and OFDM modem with adaptive modulation from 4 to 64QAM.

Proprietary and unique air interface ensures link stability even under the high PERs introduced by a

combination of reflections, dynamic multipath and radio interference, that are all evidently part of

the dense urban environment when the system is working in n-los or N-LOS conditions.

87

MIMO technology is available to double the air link capacity, alternatively the link performance can

be increased when needed through use of antenna diversity.

The product also implements a proprietary MAC layer which optimizes data throughput, limits

delay/jitter and packet loss and ensures robustness in challenging conditions.

The system supports variety of frequencies (2.3-2.5, 2.5-2.7, 3.3-3.8, 4.8-6.0 GHz) and worldwide

regulations (FCC/IC ETSI, WPC India, MII China).

The solution offers TDD timing synchronization between collocated radio units and between radios

located nearby. This alleviates the self interference and avoids the need for large distance between

units on a tower, resulting in excellent utilization of the tower space and greater links range as well

as higher network capacity.

PoE is used to power the ODU.

10 Power Supply

9500 MPR operates with nominal a -48 VDC power supply (positive grounded)in a voltage range of –

40.5 to –57.6V DC.

The DC power supply must be UL or IEC compliant for a -48V DC SELV output. The MSS-8 has the +Ve

pin on its DC power supply connector fastened directly to the shelf so must be used with a -48V DC

power supply which has a +Ve earth; the power supply earth conductor is the +Ve supply to the

radio. There must be no switching or disconnecting devices in this earth conductor between the DC

power supply and the point of connection to the radio.

MSS4/8 shelves are protected against polarity inversion, i.e. in case of inversion of "+" and "-" poles.

In this case, simply the equipment does not switch on and there are no damages in the equipment.

Power Distribution

The system receives the Battery input through 2 power connectors mounted on the shelf (MSS-8

shelf only) and connected directly to the Backplane. MSS-4 and MSS-1 shelf have 1 power connector.

Each board receives the Battery input (via Backplane) and provides adaptation to the customer

central power bus.

The input voltage range is from –40.5 to –57.6V DC. Nominal Voltage is –48V DC - Positive grounded.

Power Protection

Two different topics have to be considered:

1. DC/DC converter protection :

9500 MPR does adopt a distributed power supply architecture, meaning that each card has its own

DC/DC converter. Consequently no single point of failure is present and powering is fully protected.

88

2. Battery protection

MSS8 has two battery inputs, meaning that it is offering the possibility to have two batteries (if

present in the station) connected to MSS equipment. In case of failure of battery A, battery B can still

feed MSS equipment.

As a summary :

MSS 4 MSS 8

DC/DC Protection YES YES

Input Battery Protection NO (one battery connector) YES (two battery connectors)

10.1MPT Power Unit

Presentation:

The MPT Power Unit provides a compact solution to power up to 4 MPT-HC even with XPIC option,

with integrated lightning arrestor and filters;

Note: dual battery inputs are available as well:

• Multichannel is supported by MPT-HC with optical connection; so data and power need two

different cables : fiber for data and DC cable for power.

89

• N connectors are present on the front plate, to avoid the usage of pig-tails and allow direct

connection of DC cable.

• The MPT Power Unit is delivered with brackets for installation in a rack 19” and the total height is

1U.

Electrical characteristics :

o DC In & DC Out interfaces have the following Voltage range : -38,4V down to -57,6V.

o The Power O-Ring feature is introduced in order to feed the MPT Power Unit board

from two independent battery power lines. In order to limit the power dissipation

and the voltage drop, the O-Ring feature is implemented through two couples of

MOSFET devices driven by an O-Ring controller, instead of the more common diode

solution.

o Lightning protection is included on each ODU outputs.

o Connectors : 2 x Power In Connectors / 4 x N Connectors / 1 x RJ-45 connector

Concerning the RJ-45 : this is a Copper Ethernet connector, alarm data and

housekeeping output are mapped

Power consumption: 2W/port, 8W max

10.2MPT Extended Power Unit

90

Presentation : The MPT Extended Power Unit provides a compact solution to power up to 2 MPT-XP (Extended

Power Unit) even with XPIC option.

Note: it can also be used to power MPT-HC with or without XPIC module.

• It includes a step-up converter to deliver a stabilized output voltage.

• N connectors are present on the front plate, in order to avoid the usage of pig-tails and allow direct

connection of coaxial DC cable.

• The MPT Extended Power Unit is delivered with brackets for installation in a rack 19” and the total

height is 1U.

Electrical characteristics :

o Galvanic Isolation is included between Battery Input and ODU Power Output.

o Output voltage is stabilized at -57V.

o The Input Voltage Range is : +19.2V to +57.6V, or -19.2V to -57.6V (depending on the

cables connection on Connector Input Battery).

o The Power O-RING feature is introduced in order to feed the MPT Extended Power

Unit module from two independent battery power lines.

In addition, to limit the power dissipation and the voltage drop, the O-RING

functionality is implemented through MOSFET devices controlled by a IC Driver

rather than common Diode solution. The MPT Extended Power Unit module is

91

required to operate from both Positive Power supply referenced to Common (+24V)

and Negative Power Supply referenced to Common (-48V), the O-RING function is

required to be applied at both Positive and Negative Power Inputs.

o The Output Power is available by means of both N-Connectors and RJ-45

Connectors. These RJ-45 connectors can be used to establish an Ethernet data link

connection between MSS and MPT (Power feed over Ethernet solution).

o Connectors :

2 x Power In Connectors / 2 x N Connectors

2 x Dual RJ-45 Connectors / 1 x RJ-45 Connector

Power consumption of the Extended Power Unit: 17.5W/port (35W max)

92