6 Fasciae of the Neck E-learning

8/3/2019 6 Fasciae of the Neck E-learning

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Fascia of The NeckFascia of The Neck


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The NeckThe Neck

(The Cervical Region)(The Cervical Region)

The region of body that extendsbetween

Sup.: inf. border of mandib.

Sup. Nuchal line

Inf.: sprasternal notch

clavicle

Divided into 2 portions:

Anterolateral aspect:

ant. & post.

Post. aspect:

covered by trapezius

part of the back


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Covering Layers of The NeckCovering Layers of The Neck

- Skin

-Superficial Fascia

Fatty layer that contains:

Platysma Muscle

(attachments?)

Cutaneous N.

Superfi. Vessels (EJV)

L.N.


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Platysma MusclePlatysma Muscle


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Cutaneous Nerves in Superficial FasciaCutaneous Nerves in Superficial Fascia

Post. Aspect:

post. rami of C2-C5

*C2: greater occipital n.

Anterolat. Aspect:ant . rami of C2-C4

* 4 cutaneous Ns in each aspect

* C1 has no cutaneous branches

(muscular only)


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Ant. & Post. Rami of Spinal NervesAnt. & Post. Rami of Spinal Nerves

Anterior Ramus

Posterior Ramus


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Anterolateral Cutaneous NervesAnterolateral Cutaneous Nerves

Arise from post. border ofSCM

4 nerves:

Lesser occipital n. (C2)

innervation? 1

Great auricular n. (C2,C3)

innervations? 3

Transverse cutaneous n. (C2,C3)

ant. neck from mand. to st.

Supraclavicular n. (C3,C4)

3 (med., intermediate, lat.)

innervations? 3


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External Jugular VeinExternal Jugular Vein

Starts behind angle of mandible

By:

Post. division of retromand. V.

+

Post. auricular V.

Extends:

Angle mid. 1/3 of clavicle

Drains into:IJV or

Subclavian V. (common)


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Cervical Lymph NodesCervical Lymph Nodes

Superficial & deep L.N.

Superficial:

in superf. Fascia

the path of EJV

Deep:

deep to deep fascia

path of IJV

Both groups subdivided into

Sup. & Inf. parts


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Deep Cervical FasciaDeep Cervical Fascia

4 Parts4 Parts

Investing Layer

surrounds the neck

Pretracheal Layermuscles & viscera

Prevertebral Layer

prevertebral muscles

Carotid Sheath

bld. vessels & nerves


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Investing LayerInvesting Layer

Attachments:

Inf. border of mandible

hyoid bone

Zygomatic arch

base of skull

(mastoid & styloid)

Nuchal Lig.

manubrium

clavicle

Acromion & spine


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Encloses:

SCM & Trapezius muscles

Parotid gland (P. capsule)

Submandibular gland

Jugular venous arch

(in suprasternal space)

* Thickened between styloid

& mandibular angle to form=

Stylomandibular Lig.


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Pretracheal LayerPretracheal Layer

Attachments:Sup.: Thyroid & Cricoid cartilages

Lat.: Carotid Sheath

Inf.: extends into thorax

blends with??

Encloses:

(visceral& muscu

lar

layers)

Thyroid & parathyroid glands & ??

(thyroid sheath)

Infrahyoid Muscles


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Prevertebral LayerPrevertebral Layer

Tubular Sheath that extends:Base of Skull

T3

Attachments:

ant. long. Lig. (ant.)

nuchal lig. (post.)

Encloses:

cervical vertebral muscles

(ant., lat., post.)

spinal & phrenic nerves

Fascialextension?


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Axillary SheathAxillary Sheath (Contents?)(Contents?)


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Carotid SheathCarotid Sheath

Paired sheaths of DCT in anterolat. Aspect of the neck, that extendfrom skull base root of the neck.

Attachments:

investing & pretracheal fasciae (ant.)

Prevertebral fascia (post.)

Encloses:

Common carotid a. &?

IJV

Vagus n. (X)

Deep cervical L.N.


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Retropharyngeal SpaceRetropharyngeal Space

The interval between the pharynx fascia (buccopharyngeal fascia)& prevertebral fascia

The largest space in the neck

Allows movement of pharynx &esophagus during swallowing

*Clinically:

Provides major pathway forspread of infection into thorax

Ret. Abscess dysphagia,

dysphonia, dyspnea


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Muscles of The NeckMuscles of The Neck


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Muscles of Cervical RegionMuscles of Cervical Region

3 groups

1. Superficial muscles:

platysma, SCM, Trapezius

2. Hyoid related muscles

supra & infra hyoid

3. Cervical vertebral musclesant., lat. & post.

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6 Fasciae of the Neck E-learning