Name: ______________________________ Date: ______________

Islamic Sources HR: ________________

Qur’an (Koran)

The Qur’ān literally means "the recitation" and it is the central religious text or scripture of Islam. Muslims believe it to be the word of Allah, revealed to Muhammad by an angel named Gabriel over a period of 23 years between 610 and 632 C.E. Tradition says that Muhammad recited the content to his companions, some of whom later recorded it. This exercise was often repeated to ensure that the recordings were accurate. However, no single copy existed during Muhammad’s lifetime.

Muslims view the Qur'an as God's final revelation and complete message to humanity. The Qur’an influences Muslim conduct, law, faith and practice across the whole spectrum of religious and daily life.

1. According to the excerpt above, to whom was the Qur’an revealed?

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. According to the excerpt above, during what years was the Quran revealed?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________

3. Who wrote down the Qur’an? When?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________

Hadith

Hadith are the recorded sayings and actions of Muhammad. Each hadith is based on two parts: a chain of narrators listed so that the reader knows who is telling the story and the text describing Muhammad’s actions or words. Individual hadith are classified by Muslim clerics and jurists as authentic or weak because there was concern over people making up stories about Muhammad. The Hadith were evaluated and gathered into large collections during the 8th and 9th centuries.

Hadith from Imam Al-Nawawi, an Islamic scholar who died in 1277, 645 years after the death of Muhammad.

On the authority of Abdullah ibn Umar ibn Al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) say:

“Islam has been built on five [pillars]: testifying that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, performing the prayers, paying the Zakat (tax to help the poor), making the pilgrimage to the House, and fasting in Ramadan.”

4. What is Hadith? ___________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Based on the hadith from Imam Al-Nawawi, who were the sources of the quote provided?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________

6. Explain the extent to which Imam Al-Nawawi’s hadith is a reliable source of evidence about Muhammad’s statements.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Sira

Sira are traditional Muslim biographies of Muhammad. The earliest surviving biographies are the Life of the Apostle of God, by Ibn Ishaq (d. 768), edited by Ibn Hisham (d. 833); and al-Waqidi's (d. 822) biography (sira) of Muhammad. Ibn Ishaq wrote his biography some 120 to 130 years after Muhammad's death.

7. What is sira? _____________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

8. According to the excerpt above, what is the earliest surviving example of sira? ____________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. According to the pie chart above, which section of the Islamic Bible do the majority of Islamic practices come from? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

M

Name: ______________________________ Date: ______________

Islamic Sources HR: ________________

Qur’an (Koran)

The Qur’ān literally means "the recitation" and it is the central religious text or scripture of Islam. Muslims believe it to be the word of Allah, revealed to Muhammad by an angel named Gabriel over a period of 23 years between 610 and 632 C.E. Tradition says that Muhammad recited the content to his companions, some of whom later recorded it. This exercise was often repeated to ensure that the recordings were accurate. However, no single copy existed during Muhammad’s lifetime.

Muslims view the Qur'an as God's final revelation and complete message to humanity. The Qur’an influences Muslim conduct, law, faith and practice across the whole spectrum of religious and daily life.

M

1. According to the excerpt above, to whom was the Qur’an revealed?

a) Allahb) Jesusc) Muhammad

2. According to the excerpt above, during what years was the Qur’an revealed?

__________________________________________________________

3. Who wrote down the Qur’an?

a) Gabriel wrote down the Qur’anb) Muhammad wrote down the Qur’anc) Muhammad’s companions (friends/followers) wrote down the

Qu’ran

Hadith

Hadith are the recorded sayings and actions of Muhammad. Each hadith is based on two parts: a chain of narrators listed so that the reader knows who is telling the story and the text describing Muhammad’s actions or words. Individual hadith are classified by Muslim clerics and jurists as authentic or weak because there was concern over people making up stories about Muhammad. The Hadith were evaluated and gathered into large collections during the 8th and 9th centuries.

Hadith from Imam Al-Nawawi, an Islamic scholar who died in 1277, 645 years after the death of Muhammad.

On the authority of Abdullah ibn Umar ibn Al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) say:

“Islam has been built on five [pillars]: testifying that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, performing the prayers, paying the Zakat (tax to help the poor), making the pilgrimage to the House, and fasting in Ramadan.”

M

4. What is Hadith?

a) Recorded actions and sayings of Gozer the Gozerianb) Recorded actions and sayings of Muhammadc) Recorded actions and sayings of Gabrield) Recorded actions and sayings of Allah

5. What are the Five Pillars of Islam? (do not put the Arabic names)

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

M

Sira

Sira are traditional Muslim biographies of Muhammad. The earliest surviving biographies are the Life of the Apostle of God, by Ibn Ishaq (d. 768), edited by Ibn Hisham (d. 833); and al-Waqidi's (d. 822) biography (sira) of Muhammad. Ibn Ishaq wrote his biography some 120 to 130 years after Muhammad's death.

7. What is sira? _____________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

8. According to the excerpt above, what is the earliest surviving example of sira?

a) Two biographiesb) Two autobiographiesc) Two biologies

9. According to the pie chart above, which section of the Islamic Bible do the majority of Islamic practices come from? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________