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Analele Universit ii Constantin Brncui din Trgu Jiu, Seria Inginerie, Nr. 3/2010

Annals of the Constantin Brncui University of Trgu Jiu, Engineering Series, Issue 3/2010

270

REDUCEREA COSTURILOR DEFUNCTIONARE CU AJUTORULSISTEMULUI DE INFORMARE

GEOGRAFICA ACSTRE

Radi Pipev,Krasimir Velinov

St.IvanRilskiUniversitateadeMineritsiGeologie

Abstract

Aceasta lucrare descrie un sistem pentru

proiectare, control si intretinere iluminat

stradal.

Acesta este un sistem de informare

geografica bazata pe internet si un set de

resurse hardware controlere Web, modem-

uri GSM si contoare electrice instalate in

cutiile pentru iluminat stradal. Prin

intermediul acestora, este posibila

gestionarea proceselor zilnice si

simplificarea si automatizarea activitatilor

specialistilor.

Cuvinte cheie: sistem de informare

geografica, controlere Web, iluminat stradal,

proiectare, control si intretinere.

INTRODUCEREPrincipalele responsabilitati in

utilizarea sistemelor de iluminat stradal (SLS)

sunt urmatoarele [8]:

- Mentinerea parametrilor de iluminatale SLS prin inlocuirea adecvata a

componentelor defecte si curatareacorespunzatoare a accesoriilor iluminatului;

- Asigurarea unei coordonari adecvatepentru aprinderea si stingerea iluminatului

stradal;

REDUCTION OF OPERATINGCOSTS THROUGH THE

GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

SYSTEM ACSTRE

Radi Pipev,Krasimir Velinov

St.IvanRilskiUniversityofMiningandGeology

Abstract

The report describes a system for design,

control and maintenanceof street lighting.

This is a Web based geographic

information system and set of hardware

resources - Web controllers, GSM modems

and electric meters installed in the cassettes

for street lighting. Through it, it is possible to

manage the daily ongoing processes and to

simplify and automate the work of thespecialists.

Keywords:geographic information system, Webcontrollers, street lighting, design, control and

maintenance.

INTRODUCTION

The main tasks in the operation of streetlighting systems (SLS) are, as follows [8]:

- Maintenance of the lighting parametersof SLS through timely replacement of the

defective components and regular cleaning

of lighting fixtures;- Ensuring the accurate timing for

switching on and off the street lighting;- Execution of emergency works for

elimination of unexpected failures;- Monthly accounting and analysis of

energy costs and realization of SLS energy

saving programs;

- Reconstruction of morally or physically

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- Realizarea lucrarilor urgente pentru a

elimina defectiuni neasteptate;

- Contabilizarea lunara si analizacosturilor cu energia si realizarea

programelor de economisire a energiei SLS;- Reconstructia unor SLS demodate din

punct de vedere moral sau fizic;-Masuratori periodice ale nivelului

tensiunii si curentului, in puncte specifice decontrol;

- Acceptarea si darea in exploatare a

unor noi SLS;- Utilizarea componentelor scoase din

uz lampi, dipozitive de control, accesoriiiluminat, etc.

Pe baza solicitarilor mentionate mai

sus, o echipa a programului, realizata dinprofesori agregati, doctoranzi si studenti

obisnuiti de la Universitatea Tehnica dinSofia, St. Ivan Rilski Universitate de Minerit

si Geologie si societatea UNICOMMICROSISTEMI EOOD au realizat un

sistem comun pentru administrarea siintretinerea SLS.

Acesta reprezinta o combinatie a

sistemelor de informare geografica si a unuinumar de dispozitive hardware - controlere

Web, modem-uri GSM si contoare electrice,montate in cadrul cutiilor de iluminat stradal

(SLB). Prin intermediul acestui sistem,actualele procese tehnologice pot fi controlate

zilnic si activitatea expertilor cu intretinereaSLS poate fi usurata si automatizata[1-7].

TEHNOLOGIE PENTRU

ADMINISTRAREA SI CONTROLUL

ILUMINATULUI STRADAL

Iluminatul stradal din Bulgaria este

actionat de o retea, separata de reteauacomuna, care este alcatuita din cutii separate.

Cutiile sunt actionate de cutiile adiacente aletransformatorului. Cateva bifurcatii ale

cablurilor pentru iluminatul stradal (circuiteelectrice) provin din fiecare cutie. Un oras de

marime medie are in jur de 100-150 cutii,

care ilumineaza 3000-4000 accesorii de

outdated SLS;

-Periodic measurement of the voltage and

current levels in specific control points;- Acceptance and commissioning of new

SLS;- Utilization of going-out-of-use

components lamps, control gear, lightingfixtures, etc.

Based on the above requirements, a

program team, consisting of associate

professors, PhD students and regular studentsof the Technical University Sofia, St. Ivan

Rilski University of Mining and Geology andthe company UNICOM MICROSISTEMI

EOOD has created a common system formanagement and maintenance of SLS.

It represents a combination of

geographic information system and a number

of hardware devices Web controllers, GSMmodems and electrometers, mounted within

the street lighting boxes (SLB). By means ofthe system the current technological

processes can be controlled on a daily basisand the work of the SLS maintenance experts

could be facilitated and automated [1-7].

TECHNOLOGY FOR MANAGEMENT

AND CONTROL OF STREET

LIGHTING

The street lighting in Bulgaria is

powered by a network, separate from the

communal network, consisting of separateboxes. The boxes are powered by the adjacent

transformer posts. Several street lightingcable branches (electric circuits) come out

from each box. A middle-sized town hasabout 100 150 boxes, powering 3000

4000 street lighting fixtures and the operationof street lighting requires considerable

efforts, if conventional means are used. In

this specific case a system for street lightingcontrol and collection of information, related

to the condition of the operation mode of theseparate branches through Web controllers,

mounted in the boxes and connected to

GSM/GPRS devices is used. Each controller

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iluminat stradal iar actionarea iluminatului

stradal necesita eforturi considerabile, in

cazul in care sunt utilizate mijloaceleconventionale. In acest caz, este utilizat un

sistem pentru controlul iluminatului stradal siadunarea informatiilor, cu referire la situatia

modului de functionare a bransamentelorseparate prin controlere Web, pozitionate in

cutii si conectate la dispozitive GSM/GPRS.Fiecare controler poate actiona, in mod

independent, aprinderea bransamentelor

speciale din cutii, in conformitate cu unprogram prestabilit sau cu un semnal de la

statia de coordonare si primeste informatiireferitoare la starea echipamentului, prin

contoare electrice. Se inregistreaza sarciniledin bransamente separate si informatiile sunt

transmise inapoi, la statia de coordonare prindispozitiv DSM/GPRS. Informatiile actuale

pot semnala defectiuni ale instalatiilorelectrice sau furt de electricitate.

Figura 1 prezinta, schematic,administrarea si controlul iluminatului

stradal, actionat de doua cutii. Comenzilecatre cutie sunt trimise de controler prin

actionarea conectorilor din cutia existenta.

Un protocol TCP/IP, standard, pentrumediul Internetului este utilizat pentru a

transmite informatii. Conectarea controleruluila Internet poate fi stabilita in doua feluri:

[12] Printr-un modul specializatpentru sistemul LonWorks, care este alcatuit

dintr-un GSM cu un card SIM, standard;

[13] ptin LAN, disponibil in oras.Cele doua modalitati de comunicare

sunt prezentate in Fig. 1

can command independently the switching-on

of the separate branches in the boxes, in

accordance with a predetermined program ora signal from the dispatch station and receive

information about the condition of theequipment through electrometers. The loads

in the separate branches are recorded and thedata is transmitted back to the dispatch

station through GSM/GPRS devices. Thecurrent information can signal about

electrical installation failures or thefts of

electricity.Figure 1 shows schematically the

management and control of the streetlighting, powered by two boxes. The

commands to the box are sent by controllerthrough actuation of the contactors in the

existing box.A standard TCP/IP protocol for the

Internet environment is used to transmit thedata. The connection of the controller to

Internet can be established in two ways:-through a specialized module for the

LonWorks system, consisting of a GSM with

a standard SIM card;-through the LAN, available in the

town.The two ways of communication are

illustrated in Fig. 1

WEB -

-1 - 1

-1 - 2

-1 - n

-1 - 3-2- 3

-2 - n

-2 - 2

-2 - 1

-3 - 1-4 - 1

-3 - 2-4 - 2

-3 - 3-4 - 3

-3 - n-4 - n -4 - n

-4 - 3

-4 - 2

-4 - 1

-2 - 1

-2 - 2

-2 - n

-2 - 3

-3 - n

-3 - 3

-3 - 2

-3 - 1

-1 - 3

-1 - n

-1 - 2

-1 - 1

-

LAN

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Fig. 1. Transmitting data and commands through GSM and LAN connection

Rezumatul de mai sus este realizat prin

intermediul unui software si hardware. Parteasoftware este realizata prin intermediul unuisistem de informare geografica, GIS

ACSTRESL, pentru intretinerea iluminatuluistradal. Utilizarea hardware se bazeaza pe

controlerul i.Lon Smart Server Web.

ACTIONARE SOFTWARE

Sistemul software, ACSTRE -

Iluminat stradal GIS, care ne este oferit,

are urmatoarele optiuni:

Utilizatorul primeste o aplicatiesoftware, autorizata integral sistem de

informare geografica, care permite

utilizarea si referinte spatiale aleinformatiilor referitoare la parametrii

liniilor si instalatiilor din firma carefurnizeaza servicii de iluminat stradal.

Cadastrul acestui amplasament va fireprezentat intr-un format fazorial, dar

se poate lucra si in format retea.Utilizatorul poate crea o imaginedigitala a componentelor de iluminatstradal si un cadastru subteran al retelei

de cablu, prin intermediul unui sistem.

Aplicatia software este deschisa si poatefi conectata la alte sisteme analogice saula noi functii, permitand obtinerea unor

noi informatii, calcule sau pot fi

adaugate functii de dispecerat.

Modulul de aplicare poate fi utilizat

pentru a realiza analize si pentru a lua

decizii, dar si pentru a calcula sicontrola implementarea deciziilor

recente .

Sistemul comunica intr-un mediuInternet prin intermediul unui protocolTCP/IP prin controlerele instalate in

cutiile pentru iluminatul stradal,timitand comenzi pentru a porni sau opri

bransamente separate ale accesoriilor de

iluminat, actionat de cutii pentru

The above outline is realized by

software and hardware means. The softwarepart is realized by means of the geographicinformation system for maintenance of the

street lighting GIS ACSTRE SL. Thehardware realization is based on the i.Lon

Smart Server Web controller.

SOFTWARE REALIZATION

The offered ACSTRE -Street

lighting GIS software system provides thefollowing options:

1. The user gets a fully licensed softwareapplication geographical information

system, allowing the input and spatialreference of data concerning the

parameters of the lines and installationsof the servicing street lighting

enterprise. The cadastre of the

settlement shall be represented in a

vector format, but it is also possible towork in a raster format.

2. The user can create a digital image of

the street lighting components and anunderground cadastre of the cablenetwork by means of the system.

3. The software application is open and

can be connected with other analogicalsystems or new functions, allowing the

collection of additional information,calculations or dispatcher functions can

be added.4. The application modules can be used for

analyses and decision making, as well as

for accounting and control of theimplementation of the latter decisions.

5. The system communicates in an Internetenvironment through the TCP/IP

protocol through the controllers installedin the street lighting boxes, sending

commands for switching on and off ofseparate branches of lighting fixtures,

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iluminat stradal, primind informatii de

feedback referitoare la incarcatura

bransamentului, schema de alimentare afiecarui bransament din cutiile de

iluminat stradal, fiind o alarma pentrulampile de siguranta, situatiile urgente

sau pentru incercarile de a furaelectricitate.

ACTIONAREHARDWARE

Controlerul i.Lon 100 Internet Server (Fig.

2) functioneaza ca baza pentru realizareahardware-ului.

Arhitectura controlerului este bazata pe un

procesor Neuron. (Fig. 3).Administrarea iluminatului ofera doua

variante:pornirea si inchiderea circuitului

electric in cutiile pentru iluminat stradal siajustarea individuala a fluxului de lumina la

fiecare corp de iluminat. Nu este necesaramontarea unor cabluri conductoare,

suplimentare.Administrarea iluminatului stradal ofera doua

variante: pornirea si inchiderea circuituluielectric in LB si controlarea individuala a

fluxului de lumina la fiecare corp de iluminat.Nu este necesara montarea unor cabluriconductoare, suplimentare.

powered by the street lighting boxes,

receiving feedback information about

the separate branch loads, the loadschedule of each branch in the street

lighting box, alarming for fused lamps,emergency situations or attempts to steal

electricity.

HARDWARE REALIZATION

The i.Lon 100 Internet Server controller(Fig. 2) serves as a basis for the hardware

realization.The controllers architecture is based on a

Neuron processor. (Fig. 3).

The management of the lighting providestwo options: switching on and off of the

electric circuits in the street lighting boxes

and individual regulation of the light flux ofeach lamp. The laying of an additional

conductive cable is not necessary.The management of the street lighting allows

two options: turning on and off the electriccircuits in the LB and individually controlling

of the luminous flux of each lamp. The layingof additional control cable is not necessary.

Fig. 2. Exterior of the i.Lon 100 Internet

Server controller (Fig. 2)

Fig. 3. Internal structure of the controller.

MediaAccess

CPU

NetworkCPU

E2PROM512Bytes

RAM1KBytes/2KBytes

(3150)

CommunicationPort, 1,25MBit/s

8-Bit Data Bus

16-Bit Address Bus

Timing & Control

Con-

trol

Clock+Timers

I /O 0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .I /O 10 CP 0 .. .. ..CP 4Service

Reset

Vss6

6

4

Appli-cationCPU

ROM

(Firmware)10KBytes

(3120)

Application I/O Block2x16-Bit-Zhler, 20mA-Driver, Pull-ups, SPI, Uart,

Parallel I/O, PWM, Dual slope A/D, Quadratur-Dek.

externes Bus-

Interface (3150)

Clock(

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Fig. 4. External view of SLB control example.INFORMATII SEMANTICE

Fiecare element al modelului digitalare atasate informatii relevante, in functie detipul elementului - SLB, stalp, corp de

iluminat, camin pentru cabluri si etc.

Alimentarea cu informatii trebuie sa fierealizata, initial, de un operator, cu asistenta

unui editor, construit in program. In programsunt incluse functii de copiere si introducere a

informatiilor constante, pentru un numar deobiecte identice.

CELE MAI IMPORTANTE

FUNCTII, SOLUTIONATE DE

SISTEMUL DE ADMINISTRARE,

INCLUD:

- Mentinerea setului unidimensional si

precizarea semnelor arbitrare pentruvizualizarea componentelor si echipamentului

iluminatului stradal.- Mentinerea unei baze de date cu specificatii

si indrumar al echipamentului mentionat mai

sus.- Prezentarea schemei cu rute ale liniilor decablu, indicate in acel sistem.

- Prezentarea listelor cu informatii mentionate

de grup cu referire la elemente ale cablului.- Calcularea caderii voltajului in mod normalsi in cazul unei urgente.

- Calculul distributiei luminantei in zonaspecifica a SLB.

- Prezentarea situatiei corpurilor de iluminatsi memento pentru inlocuirea corpurilor de

iluminat.

SEMANTIC DATA

Relevant data is attached to eachelement from the digital model depending on

the type of the element - SLB, pole,

luminaire, cable, cable pit and etc. The data

input should be done initially by an operator

with the assistance of the editor, built in the

program. Functions for copying data and

inputting of uniform data for a number of

identical objects are included in the program.

THE MORE IMPORTANT TASKS,

SOLVED BY THE MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM, INCLUDE:

- Maintaining the required set of linear and

point arbitrary signs for visualization of the

street lighting components and equipment.- Maintaining a database of specifications and

passports of the above mentioned equipment.- Display of layouts with the routes of the

cable lines, indicated in the respective scale.- Display of listings with specified data for

group of cable line elements.- Calculation of voltage drops in normal and

emergency mode.- Calculation of the distribution of luminance

in the area referred to specific SLB.- Display of the status of luminaries and

reminder for the lamp replacement.

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- Aprecierea consumului de energie, analize

ale curentului consumat si semnalizarea

lampilor arse, scurt-circuite partiale ale unorlegaturi neautorizate la consumatori electrici.

In figurile 5 13 sunt prezentate ecranepentru pasii tipici in activitatea cu produs

software product ACSTRE-SL, prin care suntilustrate capacitatile de functionare, descrise

mai sus.

Sistemul opereaza cu MS Windows.Procesarea informatiilor din cadastru pentru

un oras mare necesita o frecventa aprocesorului de 1GHz sau mai mult. Acest

volum de informatii este de ordinul 100 MB.

- Consideration of energy consumption,

analyses of the consumed power and

signaling of burned lamps, partial shortcircuits or unauthorized connections of

electrical consumers.On figures 5 13 screenshots are shown

of typical steps in the work with the softwareproduct ACSTRE-SL, illustrating the

operating capabilities described above.

The system operates under MS Windows.The processing of cadaster data for a large

city requires 1GHz processor frequency ormore. The respective volume of data is of the

order of 100 MB.

Fig. 5. Diagram of some of the measured

parameters

Fig. 6. Data for Arm element

Fig. 7. Data for group of SLB Fig. 8. Data for Light source (Lamps)

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Fig. 9 Color diagram showing the time of being

"on" of a group of luminaries Fig. 10. Cable network topology

Fig. 11. Properties of selected pole and its

luminaire(s).

Fig. 12. Report about the consumed electrical

energy for a selected luminaire(s)

Fig. 13. Report about the time being on of a group of luminaries

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REDUCEREA COSTURILOR

OPERATIONALE ALE ILUMINATULUI

STRADAL

In mod normal, problema este la ceparametrii ai costurilor operationale vom

avea o valoare minima a costurilor anuale aleSLS (an min) avand in vedere faptul ca

indicatorii cantitatii nominale si cei calitativi

ai sistemului de iluminat sunt respectati.Costurile anuale ale SLS y sunt egale

cu:(1)

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )an y ay ry MF MF MF MF= + +

unde:ey costuri anuale ale energiei electrice,luand in calcul consumul in exces al energiei

electrice, cauzat de efectul de supapa alcorpurilor de iluminat;

ay indemnizatii anuale de amortizare a

SLS;

oy costurile anuale, operationale, care

sunt egale cu:

(2) oy cy lry ly = + +

unde:cy costurile anuale pentru curatare

accesorii de iluminat (LF),

lry costuri anuale pentru inlocuireacorpurilor de iluminat,

ly costurile anuale ale corpurilor deiluminat.

Toate componentele costurilor anualeale SLS depind de valoarea factorului de

intretinere MF.

Pentru a evalua rentabilitatea investitiei

pe durata solutionarii misiunii de mai sus, afost adoptata metoda Valorii Nete Actuale(VNA), luand in calcul posibilele avantaje

pentru investirea alternativa a sumelorinvestitiei initiale. Simplificand, se poate

mentiona ca dobanda anuala este luata incalcul, atat cat este acceptata atunci cand

investitia este realizata prin credit si procentul

de dobanda la credit este o crestere naturala ainvestitiei alternative.

Scopul metodei este sa transformam

REDUCING THE OPERATIONAL

COSTS OF STREET LIGHTING

Naturally the question arises at whatparameters of the operational costs we shallhave a minimum of the annual costs of SLS

(an min) provided that the normativequantitative and qualitative indicators of the

lighting systems are satisfied.

The annual costs of SLS y are equalto:

(1)

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )an y ay ry MF MF MF MF= + +where:

ey annual costs of electrical energy,taking into account the excess consumptionof electrical energy , caused by the valve

effect of the lamps;

ay annual amortization allowances of

SLS;

oy annual operational costs, which in turnare equal to::

(2) oy cy lry ly = + +

where:

cy annual costs of lighting fixturesclearing (LF),

lry annual costs of lamp replacement,

ly annual costs of lamps.All components of the SLS annual costs

depend on the value of the maintenancefactor MF.

In order to evaluate the profitability ofinvestment during the solution of the above

task the method of Net Present Value (NPV)

has been adopted, taking into account the

possible benefits from alternative investmentof the initial investment amounts. Withcertain simplification it can be assumed that

the annual interest is taken into account, asoften it is accepted that the investment is

provided through a credit and then the creditinterest rate is the natural appraisal of the

alternative investment.

The essence of the method is to convertthe future cash flows to the present moment.

The mathematic record of this conversion is

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viitoarele fluxuri de numerar in momentul

prezent. Inregistrarea matematica a acestei

conversii este exprimata prin:

(3) ( )1 TR

PV i=

+

Unde PV este valoarea actual abilantului R, care va fi valabil in T ani la o

anumita rata anuala a dobanzii (la o dobandaanuala de 5% din valoarea i = 0,05).

Practica de proiectare de pana acumacorda atentie obtinerii solutiilor de iluminat,

satisfacand cerintele normei. Prin optimizarea

conditiilor operationale este posibilareducerea costurilor anuale. Aprecierea

simultana a factorilor de mai sus este omisiune complicata. Utilizarea software-ului

standard pentru proiectare pe computer [9,10]care este conectat cu multiple solutii pentru

furnizare informatii de catre proiectantulSLS. Pentru a solutiona problema de mai sus,

a fost creat un program software, realizat ca

un program al utilizatorului si scris inlimbajul DELPHI-7. Permite determinarea

costurilor anuale ale sistemului de iluminat peo lungime de 1 km si urmatoarea furnizare de

date:- luminozitate operational specificata;

- uniformitate generala a luminozitatii;

- uniformitate longitudinala aluminozitatii;

- tip selectionat al sursei de lumina;- inclinatie brat;

- utilizare anuala a sistemului;- perioada pentru inlocuirea corpului de

iluminat;

- perioada pentru curatarea accesoriilorpentru lumina;

- grad impuritate;In mod separat, in baza de date a

informatiilor programului referitor la preturilepentru accesorii corpuri de iluminat, preturi

corpuri de iluminat, inlocuirea corpului deiluminat si preturi pentru curatare accesorii

corpuri de iluminat, preturi stalp in functie deinaltime, preturi energie electrica si tendinte

de crestere, a fost introdusa de rata dobanzii

pentru imprumut, etc .

expressed by:

(3)( )1

TPV

i=

+

Where PV is the present value of thereturn R, which will be available in T years atcertain annual interest rate (at an annual

interest of 5% the value of i = 0,05).The project design practice up to now

used to pay attention predominantly to theachievement of lighting solutions, satisfying

the requirements of the norms. Through theoptimization of the operational conditions it

is possible to reduce the annual costs. The

simultaneous consideration of the above

factors is a complicated task. In the use ofstandard software for computer design [9,10]this is connected with multivariate solutions

with input data specified by the designer ofSLS. To resolve the above task a software

product was created, formed as user

application program and written in theprogram language DELPHI-7. It allows

determining the annual costs of a lightingsystem for a length of 1 km and the following

input data:- specified operational brightness;

- specified general uniformity ofbrightness;

- specified longitudinal uniformity of

brightness;- selected type of the light source;- tilt of the arm;

- annual usage of the system;- time for lamp replacement;

- time to clean light fixtures;

- extent of impurity;Separately in the database of the program

data about light fixture prices, lamp prices,lamp replacement and cleaning of light

fixture prices, pole prices depending of theheight, electric energy prices and increase

trends, interest rate for loan servicing, etc. hasbeen entered.

On Fig. 14 a screenshot of the editor ofinput data necessary for the solution of this

task is shown. The choice of lighting fixtures

is carried out from a list in a catalogue of

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La Fig. 14, a fost prezentat un

screenshot al editorului pentru solutionarea

acestei probleme. Alegerea accesoriilorpentru iluminat este eliminate dintr-o lista a

catalogului cu accesorii pentru iluminat,fiecare dintre acestea avand informatii

solicitate. Prin informatiile programului demai sus, sunt generale variante prin

modificarea distantei stalpului intre 10 si50m, cu un 1m si inaltimea stalpului cu

0.25m, prin modificarea unghiului de

inclinatie a bratului. Aproximativ 10.000variante sunt generate ca un tot. Solutia

optima pentru oricare dintre variantele de maisus depind de perioada de curatarea a

accesoriilor de iluminat si de perioada pentruinlocuirea corpurilor de iluminat. Dintre

aceste variante, doar cele care respectanormativele luminozitatii si uniformitatea

luminozitatii sunt selectionate pentruutilizare.

La Fig. 15 sunt reprezentaterezultatele calculului mostrelor pentru un

accesoriu adecvat al luminii. Acestea suntprezentate dupa ce a fost introdus parametrul

unghiului de inclinatie al bratului.

Pe durata evaluarii rezultatelor vetiobserva ca aceste costuri anuale pentru unul

si acelasi accesoriu al luminii poate variapana la de cateva ori, in functie de parametrii

operationali ai proiectarii. Cele de mai susdemonstreaza posibilitatile pentru reducerea

considerabila a costului.Aplicatia software de mai sus a fost realizata

in diverse versiuni. Aplicatia software este

integrare in sistemul de informare geograficaACSTRE, sub forma unui set de proceduri

pentru a realiza analize in vedereaadministrarii iluminatului stradal[11,12]

lighting fixtures, each of them provided with

the required data. Through the above program

data variants are generated by changing thepole distance between 10 to 50m by a step of

1m and the pole height by a step of 0.25mand by changing the arm tilt angle. About 10

000 variants are generated as a whole. Theoptimal solution for each of the above

variants is found depending on the lightfixtures cleaning time and the lamp

replacement time. From these variants only

those which comply with the specifiednormative brightness and brightness

uniformity are selected for use.On Fig. 15 the sample calculation results

for a specific light fixture are represented.Those are displayed after the arm tilt angle

parameter has been entered.During the evaluation of the results you

see, that the annual costs for one and thesame light fixture might vary up to several

times depending on the operationalparameters or the project design. The above

demonstrates the considerable cost reductionopportunities.

The above software application has been

developed in several versions. The softwareapplication is integrated in the ACSTRE

Street Lighting geographic informationsystem in the form of set of procedures for

conducting analyses for maintenance of thestreet lighting [11,12]

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Fig. 14. Input Data

Fig. 15. Sample calculation results for lighting

fixture DEN 50W with 10otilt of the arm

CONCLUZIEO versiune a produsului GIS ACSTER

Iluminat stradal asista operatiunile

iluminatului stradal din orasul Blagoevgrad,

din anul 2004.

REFERINTE

[1] Velinov ., M. Aladjem, Proiectareasistemelor de iluminat stradal, cu ajutorulcomputerului, Volume din Prima Conferinta

Balcanica despre iluminatBALKANLIGHT99 ILUMINAT

EFICIENT DIN PUNCT DE VEDERE ALENERGIEI, ECOLOGIEI SI

ERGONOMICITATII Octombrie 6-8, 1999,

Clubul international al omenilor de stiinta F.J. Curie, St. Constantin si Elena, Varna,

Bulgaria, p. 71-76.[2] ] Velinov ., N. Sahatchiev,Aplicarea

sistemului de informare geografica ACSTREin proiectarea iluminatului stradal, Volume

de la Prima Conferinta Balcanica despre

iluminat Balkan Light Junior 2000, 15-16iunie, Clubul international al omenilor de

stiinta F. J. Curie, Statiunea St. Constantinsi Elena, Varna, Bulgaria, p. 85-94.

[3] Aladjem M., K. Velinov, PerformantaGIS ACSTRE in intretinerea echipamentului

electric. Retea europeana pentru integrareasurselor de energie regenerabila si

producerea surselor de energie distribuita

Seminar national, Aprilie 29, 2004

CONCLUSIONA version of the product GIS ACSTER -

Street Lighting assists the operation of the

street lighting of the town of Blagoevgrad

since 2004.

REFERENCES

[1] Velinov ., M. Aladjem, Computer aided

design of street lighting systems, Collectedvolume of the First Balkan Conference on

lighting BALKANLIGHT99 ENERGY-EFFICIENT, ECOLOGICAL AND

ERGONOMIC LIGHTING October 6-8,

1999, International house of scientists F. J.Curie, St. Constantin and Elena, Varna,

Bulgaria, p. 71-76.[2] ] Velinov ., N. Sahatchiev,Application

of the ACSTRE geographic informationsystem in the street lighting design,

Collected volume of the First Junior BalkanConference on lighting Balkan Light Junior

2000, June 15-16, International house ofscientists F. J. Curie, St. Constantin andElena resort, Varna, Bulgaria, p. 85-94.

[3] Aladjem M., K. Velinov, Performance ofGIS ACSTRE in the maintenance of

electrical equipment. European network forintegration of renewable energy sources and

distributed energy production National

seminar, April 29, 2004[4] Velinov K. . Marinov, N. Tasev, P.

Kapralyakov, PERFORMANCE OF GIS

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282

[4] Velinov K. . Marinov, N. Tasev, P.

Kapralyakov, PERFORMANTA GIS

ACSTRE IN EXPLOATAREAILUMINATULUI STRADAL. Volum de la a

12-a Conferinta Nationala despre iluminat, cuparticipare internationala Iluminat 2004, 15-

17 iunie 2004, Clubul international alomenilor de stiinta F. J. Curie, Varna,

Bulgaria, p. 67[5] Velinov ., . Kishkilov, Aplicare

tehnologiei LONWORKS pentru

managementul si controlul sistemelor deiluminat, Volum de la a 13-a Conferinta

Nationala despre iluminat, cu participareinternationala Iluminat 2007, 10 12 iunie

2007, Clubul international al omenilor destiinta F. J. Curie, Varna, Bulgaria, p. 73-

78.[6] Velinov K. Y. Rubenov, Aplicarea GIS

ACSTRE in intretinerea iluminatului stradaldin orasul Blagoevgrad. Tranzactii la a 13-a

Conferinta Nationala despre iluminat, cuparticipare internationala Iluminat of XIII

National Conference on lighting withinternational participation Lighting 2007, 10

12 iunie2007, Clubul international al

omenilor de stiinta F. J. Curie, Varna,Bulgaria.

[7] Velinov K. Pipev R. Rubenov Y.Intretinere, administrare si control al

sistemelor de iluminat stradal cu Sistem deInformare Geografica Iluminat stradal

ACSTRE, LuxJunior septembrie 2009.Internationales Forum fur den

lichttechnischen Nachwuchs 25 bis

27.09.2009, Dornfeld/Ilmenau[8] Vasilev Hr., K. Velinov, Proiectare

optima si intretinere a sistemelor de iluminatstradal, pe baza criteriilor valorii nete,

prezente, , Road magazine 2/2008.[9] Velinov ., PS 1.4.2 Aplicatie

software pentru proiectare la sistemele de

iluminat stradal. Informatiitehnice.ELEKTROPROGRAMA SD, Sofia

1996.[10] http://lighting-bg.eu

[11] Velinov K. Y. Rubenov, Aplicare GIS

ACSTRE in exploatarea iluminatului stradal

ACSTRE IN THE EXPLOITATION OF

THE STREET LIGHTING. Collectedvolume of the XII National Conference on

lighting with international participation

Lighting 2004, June 15-17, 2004,International house of scientists F. J. Curie,

Varna, Bulgaria, p. 67[5] Velinov ., . Kishkilov, Application of

LONWORKS technology for managementand control of lighting systems, Collected

volume of the XIII National Conference onlighting with international participation

Lighting 2007, June 10 12, 2007,

International house of scientists F. J. Curie,Varna, Bulgaria, p. 73-78.

[6] Velinov K. Y. Rubenov, Application ofGIS ACSTRE in the maintenance of thestreet lighting in the town of Blagoevgrad.

Transactions of XIII National Conference on

lighting with international participationLighting 2007, June 10 12, 2007,

International house of scientists F. J. Curie,Varna, Bulgaria.

[7] Velinov K. Pipev R. Rubenov Y.Maintenance, management and control of

Street-lighting systems with ACSTRE Street-

Lighting Geographic Information System,LuxJunior September 2009. Internationales

Forum fur den lichttechnischen Nachwuchs25 bis 27.09.2009, Dornfeld/Ilmenau[8] Vasilev Hr., K. Velinov, Optimal design and

maintenance of street lighting systems, based on thecriteria of net present value, Road magazine 2/2008.

[9] Velinov ., PS 1.4.2 Software

application for design of street lightingsystems. Technical

information.ELEKTROPROGRAMA SD,

Sofia 1996.[10] http://lighting-bg.eu

[11] Velinov K. Y. Rubenov, Application ofGIS ACSTRE in the exploitation of the street

lighting in the town of Blagoevgrad.Transactions of XIII National Conference on

lighting with international participationLighting 2007, June 12 13, 2007,

International house of scientists F. J. Curie,

Varna, Bulgaria, p. 110-112[12] http://acstre.com

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283

in orasul Blagoevgrad. Tranzactii la a 13-a

Conferinta Nationala despre iluminat cu

participare international Iluminat 2007, 12 13 iunie 2007, Clubul international al

omenilor de stiinta F. J. Curie, Varna,Bulgaria, p. 110-112

[12] http://acstre.comIng. Radi Dimov Pipev Doctorand

St. Ivan Rilski Universitatea de

Minerit si Geologie

Departament: Electrificare

productie mina, birou 111

-mail: [email protected]

Telefon mobil: (+359) 884 72 72 57

Prof. agreg. Dr. Eng. Krasimir Velinov -

St. Ivan Rilski Universitatea de

Minerit si Geologie,

Departament: Electrificare

productie mina, birou 111

WEB: http://lighting-bg.eu/-mail: [email protected] mobil: (+359) 888 71 21 82

Tel. (+359 2) 8060 270

Eng. Radi Dimov Pipev PhD student

St. Ivan Rilski University of Mining and

Geology

Department: Mine production

electrification, office 111


Mobile phone: (+359) 884 72 72 57

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Eng. Krasimir Velinov -

St. Ivan Rilski University of Mining and

Geology,

Department: Mine productionelectrification, office 111

WEB: http://lightingbg.eu/


Mobile phone: (+359) 888 71 21 82

Tel. (+359 2) 8060 270

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