20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005 Status of EFDA-JET and Plans...
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20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005 Status of EFDA-JET and Plans for 2005/06 and Beyond Michael Watkins Head of Programme EFDA Close Support Unit 9 May 2005, 20th IEA LTA ExCom, PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9 May 2005 Status of EFDA-JET and Plans for 2005/06 and Beyond Michael Watkins Head of Programme
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 Status of EFDA-JET and Plans for 2005/06 and Beyond
Michael Watkins Head of Programme EFDA Close Support Unit 9 May
2005, 20th IEA LTA ExCom, PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA
Slide 3
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 European Fusion Development Agreement Purpose of EFDA
Fusion Technology R&D EU contribution to ITER Collective use of
JET Annual expenditure on JET ~ 75 M (75% from EURATOM) All EU
Laboratories/Institutions working on Fusion are parties to EFDA
(including Poland and Slovenia) Agreements extend up to 31/12/2006
JET programme from 2007 (FP7) under consideration Major
enhancements approved Commission proposal includes JET UKAEA is the
Operator of the JET Facilities
Slide 4
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 International Collaborations: 2004 Hardware Software Joint
experiments Area Diagnostics RF systems Specific topic MSE, CX,
Reflectometry, Fast ADCs, Lost a detector, HRTS, TAE antenna CX,
neutron detectors, detectors, NPA High Power Prototype of ICRF
antenna, ITER-like ICRH antenna Collaborators 12 from US 9 from RF
7 from US Transport codes TRANSP, NCLASS, JETTO, SOLPS5(B2.5),
EDGE2D, ESC EDGE2D/NIMBUS, SOLPS5.0, ASTRA NPA 8 from US 3 from RF
2 from RF Diagnostic software Participation in co- ordinated multi-
machine experiments 8 from US 1 from JA Specific competencies
Analysis of JET data Fast ions, TAEs, Cascades He enrichment,
isotope changeover Electron channel transport 6 from US 2 from US 2
from RF & 1 from PRC ITBs, -scaling, NTMs, pedestal physics,
RWMs, error fields, LH transition Pedestal physics
Slide 5
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 Content of talk Shutdown 2004-2005 2005-2006 Scientific
Programme Longer Term programme
Slide 6
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 Significant Upgrade of JET Scientific Capabilities in
2005-2006 2005 - MkII-HD divertor (high triangularity, high power
operation) - 3 dB couplers for ELM resilience on 2 of the 4
existing ICRH A2 antennas - Improved Neutral Beam neutralisers (+
1.5 - 2 MW) - 14 (+2) new or upgraded diagnostics / systems -
Disruption mitigation valve 2006 - ITER-like ICRH antenna -
External conjugate-T for ELM resilience on remaining ICRH A2
antennas - LHCD control electronic refurbishment - Smaller
diagnostics
Slide 7
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 Handle up to 40MW power for 10s with strike point sweeping
More flexibility for ITER matched triangularity plasmas ( U ~0.44,
L ~0.56) at higher I p (3.5-4MA) Refurbishment of divertor
diagnostics Operation in 2005 Power handling with ITER-like plasma
shapes: modified divertor (MkII-HD) being installed ITER shape High
Plasma High Field Side Gap Closure tiles: protect divertor
diagnostic cables Load Bearing Septum Replacement tiles: Increased
power handling
Slide 8
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 JET Neutral Beam Heating Upgrade 2003 New switch mode
power supplies, each rated at 130kV/130 A, 20s pulse length to
supply each two 130kV/60A PINIs (upgraded from140kV/30A) Voltage
output regulation < 1% All power and control electronics
(e.g.invertors) are at ground potential => PSs built by JEMA,
Spain A record JET NB power (D 0 ) of 22.7MW was achieved on
22/1/04 up to 25 MW maximum power expected in 2005
Slide 9
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 ICRF System : improved ELM resilience and test of
ITER-relevant schemes => 12-15 MW A B C D 3 dB couplers
ITER-like antenna External conjugate T 2005 2006 Internal conjugate
T 2006
Slide 10
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 ICRH coupling to ELMy plasma improved with conjugate-T
matching scheme Conjugate T matching cleaner, more reliable
Slide 11
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 ELM resilient Conjugate-T antenna with Internal Matching
High Power Density ~7MW additional power ~40kV Antenna straps
Capacitors ~5-6 kV Challenging Project: Voltage Stand-Off in
Capacitors (High) Precision C tuning for Matching Forces during
disruptions ELM Resilient ITER-like ICRH antenna under construction
(operation in 2006) R.Goulding, ORNL Antenna Prototype tests
Durodie, Lamalle/ERM-KMS, this conference
Slide 12
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 Sixteen Diagnostics Enhancements Projects being installed,
to be operational in 2005/06 Halo sensors and magnetics
(ENEA-RFX/Create) High Resolution Thomson Scattering (ENEA-RFX) (US
collaboration) CXRS core (UKAEA) (US collaboration) Microwave
access (IST,CNR-Milano, FOM, IPP) Vertical bolometer camera (IPP)
Tritium retention studies diagnostics (UKAEA, TEKES, FZJ, IPP, VR)
Edge Current Profile (UKAEA, VR, CEA, IST) IR camera viewing system
(CEA, ENEA) TAE antennae / high n modes (CRPP) (US collaboration)
Magnetic Proton Recoil (VR, CNR-Milano, IST) Neutron Time Of Flight
TOFOR (VR, CNR-Milano, IST) Lost alphas (IPP) (US collaboration)
Fast Digitizers (IST, UKAEA) (US collaboration) Disruption
mitigation (FZJ, UKAEA) + Collaborations with Russian Federation on
neutron, , NPA diagnostics
Slide 13
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 New High Resolution Thomson Scattering Components being
installed: 1.Vacuum window 2.Lasers 3.Optical benches 4.Optical
fibres 5.Spectrometers (US)
Slide 14
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 New Bolometers Installation imminent
Slide 15
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 362 contributions to conferences, 71 journal submissions
in 2004 JET Contributions to conferences in 2004 (total 362)
Journal papers submitted to Pinboard in 2004 (total 71)
Slide 16
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 Content of talk Shutdown 2004-2005 2005-2006 Scientific
Programme Longer Term programme
Slide 17
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 Timetable Shutdown, Restart and High Level Commissioning
2004/05 Shutdown started: 6 March 2004 Expect pump-down: early July
2005 High Level Commissioning/Restart Contingency: 7 November 2005
Experimental Programme Schedule end 2005 / early 2006 Campaigns
C15, C16 and C17 - 21 November to 16 December 2005 (18 S/T days,
plus 2 days maintenance) - 9 January to 10 March 2006 (42 S/T days,
plus 3 days maintenance) - 13 March to 12 April 2006 (20 S/T days,
plus 3 days maintenance) OR - 21 August to 18 September 2006 (16
S/T days, plus 3 days maintenance) Call for Proposals 31 Jan 2005
Proposals selected and Experiments Schedule for Campaigns C15-C17
prepared Call for participation 15 June 2005 Campaigns C15-C17
finalised, including staffing (basis for Contacts)
Slide 18
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 EFDA-JET Workprogrammes 2005/06: Basis for the Scientific
Programme 2. Critical issues for ITER Characterise discharges in
preparation for change of wall/divertor materials Characterise
disruptions Characterise ELM behaviour and edge pedestal in ELMy
H-mode Measure tritium retention and migration Establish level of
off-axis current with off-axis NBI and/or MC-ICRH) and quantify
degree of rotation achieved with low momentum input Quantify
physics governing rotational stabilisation of RWMs Control core MHD
(fishbones) typical of hybrid regimes Design tolerable ELMs
(potentially impacting detailed design of ITER components, e.g.
first wall, heating & current drive systems, diagnostics..)
Exploit fully the LH system High-level commissioning of the
ITER-like ICRH antenna Commissioning of the MkII HD divertor
Commissioning of new/upgraded diagnostics and systems 1. Bring new
systems to full performance (divertor, diagnostics, LH launcher and
3dB couplers in early 2006; ITER-like ICRH antenna and conjugate-T
after 2006 shutdown) High-level commissioning of the ICRH system
(3dB couplers and conjugate-T) to full power High-level
commissioning of the LH system to full power
Slide 19
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 4. Specific physics issues of direct relevance to ITER
(exploiting unique features of JET) Explore new burning plasma
physics Determine transport physics implications for ITER 3.
Preparation of ITER operating scenarios Extend ELMy H-mode
operation at high triangularity to high current Extend scaling of
ELMy H-mode confinement at low to lowest *, n e * and highest
Develop a robust steady-state non- inductive scenario with
acceptable edge / confinement making full use of real-time control
Demonstrate portability, fuelling and limits of the hybrid scenario
Begin to establish reference scenarios ahead of the proposed change
of wall/divertor materials EFDA-JET Workprogrammes 2005/06: Basis
for the Scientific Programme
Slide 20
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 Experimental and Modelling Proposals for Campaigns of late
2005 / early 2006 372 proposals (requesting ~500 sessions),
including 2 Hungary, 3 Poland, 1 Bulgaria, 1 Turkey, 40 US, 6
Japan, 3 RF
Slide 21
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 TF S1:Consolidation of ITER database and reference
scenarios A. Sips (IPP, Garching); R. Buttery (UKAEA, Culham); T.
Loarer (CEA, Cadarache);H.Nordman D.Frigione TF S2:ITER Advanced
Scenarios X.Litaudon (CEA, Cadarache); C. Challis (UKAEA, Culham);
F.Crisanti (ENEA, Frascati); & D.Moreau TF M:MHD S.Pinches
(IPP, Garching); R. Koslowski (FZJ, Jlich); & S.Arshad TF
H:Heating J. Ongena (ERM/KMS, Brussels); J. Mailloux (UKAEA,
Culham); & D. Moreau TF E:Exhaust R.Pitts(CRPP-EPFL,Lausanne);
W.Fundamenski(UKAEA,Culham); V.Philipps(FZJ,Jlich); &
B.Goncalves TF D:Diagnostics A.Murari(RFX,Padova);J.Brzozowski(VR,
Sweden);E.delaLuna(CIEMAT,Madrid);R.Pasqualotto B.Goncalves TF
T:Transport P. Mantica (ENEA, Milano); P. Strand (VR, Sweden); V.
Naulin (Riso, Denmark); & H. Nordman TF FT:Fusion Technology C.
Grisolia (CEA, Cadarache); P. Coad (UKAEA); & G. Piazza,
S.Rosanvallon TF DT:Deuterium-Tritium Operation K-D. Zastrow
(UKAEA, Culham); & M. L. Watkins Task Force Leaders/Deputies
& CSU ROs
Slide 22
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 + 46 Task Force T modelling proposals Experimental
Proposals for Campaigns of late 2005 / early 2006
Slide 23
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 Content of talk Shutdown 2004-2005 2005-2006 Scientific
Programme Longer Term programme
Slide 24
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 Until ITER starts: JET still has significant technical
capabilities which can be used to prepare for ITER operation On
short-term (2005/2006), JETs scientific capabilities are being
extended, with construction of: ITER-like antenna and new plasma
diagnostics JETs key components (vacuum vessel, magnets) have not
been used for more than 15% of their fatigue lifetime, although
regular maintenance is needed on auxiliaries On longer term
(2007-2010), JET can be used: to develop further operating
scenarios in conditions closest to those of ITER; to optimise more
ITER auxiliaries Requires ITER-like wall conditions and increased
heating power
Slide 25
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 ITER-like wall experiment on JET Only JET can prepare ITER
operation with the relevant materials combination Decide as late as
possible (2007)
Slide 26
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 Improve edge modelling capability Mach Probe Limited
Physical Erosion and Deposition Deposition Chemical Erosion Net
Erosion, physical and chemical tile analysis QMB Erosion? Improved
modelling (eg. of erosion, re-deposition, flows, ELM buffering) is
essential for various first wall materials
Slide 27
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 0 10 20 30 40MW 40s 30s 20s 10s 0 Upgrade of Oct 4 and 8
to 16-17.5MW each, 20s, co-injection only 2005 NB (co-injection
only), 2 boxes 25MW 10s, or 1 box after the other 12MW 2x10s,
co-injection only Maximum Neutral Beam Power after Upgrade
(approved on 4 April 2005)
Slide 28
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 ITER will operate with transient loads near (ELMs) and
beyond (disruptions) material damage thresholds JET just reaches
this regime with W ELM ~ 1 MJ ELMs ELMs have to be mitigated
Methods of mitigation - natural (Type-II, EDA, Grassy, Type-III,
QH,) - externally imposed (pellets, impurity seeding, perturbation
coils,...)
Slide 29
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 D-T Integrated Experiment Plasma scenarios ITER-like in
ITER-like Wall experiment configurations Plasma scenario- wall
compatibility D-T test of fully wall-compatible scenarios
Confirmation of reduced T-retention Proposed JET Programme
2007-2010 NB Power Upgrade LHCD PAM Coupler PF system upgrade
Diagnostics & RTC Pellet injector (ELM pacing) Magnetic
Perturbation Coils ITER-like wall (Be 1 st wall, W(C) divertor)
Wall diagnostics Detritiation techniques Fully integrated optimised
performance Physics at high N, low ( *, *), T e ~T i and reduced
rotation Scaling of core and edge Control of profiles n, T, j
towards long pulse/S.S. ITER relevant plasma control Disruption and
ELM mitigation Management of core impurities Reduce fuel retention
(D and FTE) Be and W erosion and migration Mixed materials issues
Wall behaviour (Melt layer, vapour shielding etc.) Detritiation
Radiative divertor scenarios in the absence of carbon DT
qualification of ITER-relevant scenarios Preparation for Burning
Plasma Physics ITER-relevant H&CD and Burning Plasma
Diagnostics
Slide 30
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 Proposed JET Programme in Support of ITER 2005-2007 Strong
focus on preparing ITER detailed design and ITER exploitation,
including the commissioning and initial operation of an ITER-like
ICRH antenna and preparation for proposed changes of wall/divertor
materials and increased heating power Installation &
exploitation of JET-EP enhancements, including diagnostics 2008
Shutdown Installation of major new capabilities ITER-like wall NB
power upgrade High frequency pellet injector Diagnostics Other
small enhancements (tbd) EFDA Steering Committee approved first
three Experimentation in 2009-2010
Slide 31
20th IEA LTA ExCom M. L. Watkins PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA, 9
May 2005 Conclusions JETs programme is focused on the preparation
of ITER operation, building on significant progress in the
development of plasma scenarios and in physics. The scientific
capability of the device is being improved significantly this year
and next year (heating, diagnostics, divertor). A programme based
on an ITER-like wall and increased heating power is being prepared
for 2007 and beyond (FP7). EFDA Steering Committee recently
approved ITER-like wall, Neutral Beam and Pellet projects.
Diagnostic proposals still under elaboration. Other possible
proposals being defined.