Michael Watkins Head of Programme and International Collaborations EFDA-JET Close Support Unit

23rd IEA LTA ExCom Meeting M. L. Watkins 1 (21) GA, San Diego, USA 3-4 June 2008

23rd Meeting of Executive Committee ofIEA Large Tokamak Implementing Agreement

GA, San Diego, Ca., USA3-4 June 2008

New on JET for 2008/2009ITER-like ICRH Antenna,

High Frequency Pellet Injector, enhanced diagnostic capability, and a proposal for a longer-term

JET programme to end 2014

Michael WatkinsHead of Programme and International CollaborationsEFDA-JET Close Support [email protected]

JET status for 2008/09:New capabilities, operating schedule and research focus


JET since LTA ExCom22, Naka, 2007

• Successfully completed 2007 Shutdown, including assembly and installation of enhancements (ITER-like ICRH Antenna, High Frequency Pellet Injector,.)

• Successfully completed 2008 Restart of operations, including first tests of ITER-like ICRH Antenna, High Frequency Pellet Injector

• Successfully elaborated EFDA-JET 2008 Experimental Campaigns, including preparations for ITPA High Priority Coordinated Experiments (> 30% of JET programme time in 2008)

• Completed (almost) Experimental Campaigns C20a&b comprising 38 S/T days (two shift operation) during Spring 2008 (7 April to 6 June 2008)

• Conducted R&D, procured components and buildings for enhancements for installation during 2009/10 (ITER-like Wall, NB Power Upgrade,…)

• Conducted Fusion Technology Tasks using the JET Facilities


Some successes of 2007/2008• ELMs ameliorated successfully (radiative edge, external magnetic

perturbations)• TF Ripple studies• High N (~3) obtained for long pulse (7s)• Edge control and stability of AT scenarios• Material migration and fuel retention quantified• Large ELMs (>0.6MJ energy drop) lead to high radiation (>50% of ELM

energy drop) and low power (~10%) to outer limiter surfaces• Ion temperature critical gradient length (“threshold”) determined • Analysis of inward momentum pinch• ITER-relevant RF and LH coupling achieved• High current (3.5MA) at high delta achieved• High Level Commissioning of ITER-like ICRH Antenna• High Level Commissioning of High Frequency Pellet Injector• Optimisation of ELM control with Resonant Magnetic Perturbations• Rotation Braking• Start-up and current ramps for ITER


Elaboration of JET 2008Experimental Programme

General Planning Meeting: 19-23 November 2007• No specific Call for proposals for experiments, but open channel for new experiments

maintained through Task Forces, now and during Campaigns• Ideas for experiments started by being discussed in Task Force meetings• Scientists who might expect to be involved in JET 2008 Campaigns invited to

participate in General Planning MeetingThis approach found to be more effective for all users of JET Facilities

to agree on main and back-up experiments in detail

Headlines for JET 2008 Experimental Programme• High level commissioning and full scientific exploitation of new systems and issues

that could impact on the design of ITER components• Qualification of integrated operating scenarios for ITER• Physics issues essential to the efficient exploitation of ITERGuidelines to focus JET 2008 Scientific Programme• Heat Load and ELM Control• Pedestal and L-H transition• Core confinement• Fuelling and Particle control• Stability and control at high pressure• RF power optimisation


2008 Campaigns C20-C25: Associates’ involvement

• 21 Associations– 337 people– 70 ppy total– 48 working days per

person on average• Contracts signed

– Individual Task Descriptions

– Task Agreements– Secondment Plans– Orders– (Notifications)

BELGCEA

CIEMAT

DCU

ENEA-CNR

ENEA-F

ENEA-RFXEURATOM

FZJ

IPPIPPLM

IST

OAWRISOE

SWISS

TEKES

UKAEA

VR

FOM

LEIMEdC

IPP.CR

HUNHEL


Number of professionals visiting JET

38 26 32 40 29

US Bilateral

Agreement

Time spent by visiting professionals at JET (ppd)

524

314

582 618

435

Agreement

RF Bilateral

US LTA

US Bilateral

RF Bilateral

US LTA

Additionally, two full-time US collaborators

International collaborations:Russian Federation and US, 2003-2007

* US Bilateral and US LTA numbers are not additive, since the same professional may visit under both within a single year

Total*

About 4ppy, or 13% of staffing


Number of professionals visiting JET

4

3

4

7

Korea

Country

Japan

China

International collaborations:China, Korea and Japan, 2004-2007

Time spent by professionals visiting JET (ppd)

122139

47

135

Korea

Country

China

Japan


JET resources

• Average annual values 2000-2006– Days of operation 63– Cost 53.8M€*– PPY (Operation) 551– PPY (Campaign) 53 (on site)

+ 35 (off site)

* Includes personnel for operation and enhancement

Original investment in and subsequent upgrades of the JET Facilities (M€ of year)

1977-81

1983

1985

1987

1989

1991

1993

1995

1997

1999

2001

2003

2005

2007

2009

2011

163.955.9875.4844.5634.7031.3628.3122.1528.2923.6915.0617.7914.18

9.876.673.212.530.55

0.00.02.5

4.686.90

19.3613.0114.5918.0942.3012.01

5.940.08


New JET capabilities for 2008/09

• New and upgraded systems– ITER-like ICRH antenna: 7MW for >5s at 42MHz with Type I ELMs (US) – ICRH with ECT: ~3MW with Type I ELMs– ICRH with 3dB couplers: ~3MW with Type I ELMs– High Frequency Pellet Injector for ELM control and deep fuelling (US)– TAE antenna (two antenna arrays) (US)– Disruption Mitigation Valve– Diagnostics: Edge LIDAR, ECE, sweeping reflectometer, fast visible camera,

divertor infra-red camera, QMBs, magnetics, halo current sensors, -ray cameras,…

– Detector development: radiation hard Hall probe, CVD diamonds, Si on insulator, Cellular Non-linear Network (CMOS), activation foils,…

• Systems to be used more routinely– EFCC for Resonant Magnetic Perturbations for ELM control and Resonant Field

Amplification for RWM studies– TF Ripple (0.08-3%)– Diagnostics: HRTS (US), Scintillator probe, Faraday cups (US), CXRS (US),…


06/09/07...took less than 4 h!

New capabilities for JET 2008:ITER-like ICRH Antenna installation

High Level Commissioningon plasma started

(600kW coupled in May 2008)

Target capability with Type I ELMs:7MW for 5s at 42MHz

together with A2 antennae≈ 6MW using 3dB Couplers and

External Conjugate T


High Frequency Pellet Injector for ELM control & deep fuellingPelin Injector

(Tore Supra design)

toward roots group

Selectors

ValvesMain

support frame

Microwave cavities

Collector

Turbo pumps

LFS, HFS, VHFS tracks

Provide deep fuellingControl Type I ELMs

Size Velocity Frequency

35-70mm3 100-500m/s < 15Hz

1-2 mm3 50-200m/s < 40Hz

High Level Commissioning on

plasma about to begin (June 2008)

JET Facilities: Fuelling & ELM controlNew for 2008: HFPI


EP1 Enhancement project status

• Bolometer (KB5). Commissioning completed in 2005.

• Wide-angle IR producing data since 2006.

• Core and edge CXS producing data since 2006.

• Halo current sensors. Screening of cable proving effective.

• Tofor and MPRu. Data validation completed early 2008.

• Lost Scintillator probes producing data since 2006.

• Disruption mitigation valve being upgraded for H/D operation.

• Extreme shape controller (XSC) tested on plasma in 2007.

• Tritium retention studies. Coated tile recovery and QMB replacement during 2007.

• Microwave access completed since 2006. Oblique ECE (KK5) being commissioned during campaign.

• High resolution Thomson scattering (new optical path independent from LIDAR, extended pulse to be tested)

• TAE antennas (2nd array inserted)

• Magnetics (poloidal limiter and upper dump coils inserted)

• Lost Faraday cups being commissioned.

Closed EP1 projects EP1 projects to be closed in 2008


Edge and core LIDARJET only machine with LIDAR

Thomson Scattering Diagnostics

Edge LIDARCore LIDARElectron Cyclotron EmissionHigh Resolution Thomson Scattering

New capabilityHigh Resolution

Thomson Scattering


11

11

111122

Campaign C23Campaign C23



9.59.5 15.515.5

16.516.5 6.56.5

3030

1 Sep1 Sep 3 Oct3 Oct

6 Oct6 Oct 7 Nov7 Nov

10 Nov10 Nov 19 Dec19 Dec

22

JET 2008 CampaignsJET 2008 CampaignsS/T DaysS/T Days

From From (2008)(2008)Scientific Scientific programmeprogramme

ICRH ICRH commissioningcommissioning

HLC / HLC / Restart contingencyRestart contingency

Campaign C20aCampaign C20a

Maintenance/ContingencyMaintenance/Contingency

Campaign C20bCampaign C20b



OtherOther

1010 1010

8.58.5 9.59.5

14.514.5 14.514.5

1111 1616

99 25 Mar25 Mar 4 Apr4 Apr

7 Apr7 Apr 2 May2 May

6 May6 May 9 May9 May

12 May12 May 6 Jun6 Jun

9 Jun9 Jun 18 Jul18 Jul

21 Jul21 Jul 29 Aug29 Aug

102 days for scientific 102 days for scientific programmeprogramme

(including 30% contingency)(including 30% contingency)

73 days for ITER-like ICRH 73 days for ITER-like ICRH Antenna commissioningAntenna commissioning

ToTo (2008) (2008)


20002001

2002

2003

2006

2004

2005

Resources and associations working for JET-FT Work

programme

98 tasks launched 2000-06Total resources

~ 16.5 M€ (~3.7 M€ in 2006)

SCK-CEN

CEAIPP FZJ FZK

MEdC UKAEA

Associations

VR ENEATEKES

Distribution of resources over the years

JET Fusion TechnologyJET Fusion Technology

Tritium in tokamaksTritium process and waste managementPlasma facing componentsEngineeringNeutronics and safety


• Two Experimental Campaigns separated by Intervention(January – June 2009)

• ITER-like Wall, NB Power Upgrade and diagnostic enhancements for longer term programme to be installed in 2009 for exploitation in 2010

• Major challenge will be to accommodate up to 45MW of heating power with beryllium wall and tungsten divertor

• JET committed to 27 ITPA High Priority Coordinated Experimentsfor 2008, using more than 30% of overall run-time

• Reports on IEA LTA Tasks 3, 4 and 7 were initiated, coordinated and compiled by EU

JET Forward Programme2009 & 2010

IEA LTA & ITPA on JET during 2008


TF S1: Consolidation of ITER database and reference scenariosG. Saibene (EFDA, Garching); T. Loarer (CEA, Cadarache); P. Lang (IPP, Garching); & D. Frigione

TF S2: ITER Advanced ScenariosE. Joffrin (CEA, Cadarache); F. Rimini (CEA, Cadarache); V. Pericoli (ENEA, Frascati); & M. Laxåback

TF M: MHDR. Koslowski (FZJ, Jülich)

TF H: HeatingM-L. Mayoral (UKAEA,Culham); J. Ongena (ERM/KMS, Brussels); & M. Laxåback

TF E: ExhaustW. Fundamenski (UKAEA,Culham); S. Bresinsek (FZJ,Jülich); T. Eich (IPP, Garching); & M. Tsalas

TF D: Diagnostics A. Murari (RFX, Padova); E. dela Luna (CIEMAT, Madrid); D. Mazon (CEA, Cadarache); B. Goncalves (IST, Portugal); & M. Tsalas

TF T: TransportV. Naulin (Riso, Denmark); T. Tala (TEKES, Finland); & D. Frigione

TF FT: Fusion TechnologyC. Grisolia (CEA, Cadarache); P. Coad (UKAEA); & N. Bekris

TF DT: Deuterium-Tritium Operation K-D. Zastrow (UKAEA, Culham); & M. L. Watkins

Contacts

Task Force Leaders/Deputies & CSU ROs


Topics to which JET is committed (1)

ID No Proposal Title Devices 2 JET (BU: back-up; P:

parasitic; Otherwise: main)CDB-2 Confinement scaling in ELMy H-modes:

degradationAUG, DIII-D, JET, JT-60U, Tore-Supra(L), MAST, NSTX

S1-2.4.12 Scaling of confinement and pedestal with * and beta (5 ss)

CDB-9 Density profiles at low collisionality and Additional Parameters

JET, DIII-D, C-mod, AUG, JT-60U, TCV, Tore-Supra, MAST, NSTX

No dedicated time, data analysis continuing plus parasitic observations.

CDB-10

Power ratio - Hysteresis and access to H-mode with H~1

JET, DIII-D, AUG, MAST, NSTX, TCV, C-Mod, JT-60U

S1-2.4.4 H=1 access: dependence on dimensionlees variables, momentum input and TF ripple (3ss)

CDB-11

Scaling of the Low Density Limit to the H-mode Threshold in H & D Plasmas

C-mod, JET, DIII-D, AUG, TCV Depends on possible H2 campaign in 2009 (but not in 2008)

TP-3.1 Determine transport dependence on Ti/Te ratio in hybrid and steady-state scenario plasmas

AUG, DIII-D, JET, JT-60U

T-3.1.3 Parametric dependence of thresholds/stiffness(3 ss)T-3.1.9 (BU) Te/Ti scan in the Hybrid regime at high beta

TP-4 Transport dependence of high performance operation on low external momentum input

JT-60U, JET, DIII-D, AUG, TCV, FTU S1-2.4.6 ICRH & NB H-mode comparison (4ss)

TP-6.3 NBI-driven momentum transport study DIII-D, JT-60U, NSTX, MAST, AUG, JET

T-3.1.4 Perturbative toroidal momentum studies (2ss)

TP-7 Measure ITG/TEM line splitting and compare tocodes (Experimental identification of ITG and TEM turbulence and comparison with codes)

AUG, DIII-D, T-10, TEXTOR, C-Mod, JET T-3.1.3 Parametric dependence of threshold/stiffness (3ss).



PEP-2 Pedestal gradients in dimensionally similar discharges and their dimensionless scaling

JET, DIII-D, AUG S1-2.4.9 Pedestal identity with AUG & DII-D + *scan (5 ss)

PEP-20 Documentation of the edge pedestal in advanced scenarios

JET, DIII-D, AUG, JT-60U S1-2.4.10 Pedestal scaling from ELMy H-mode to AT

scenario (2ss)S2-2.2.1 Effect of beta on confinement and pedestal of hybrid discharges at low and high delta (3ss)

DSOL-1 Scaling of Type I ELM energy loss JET, DIII-D, AUG, JT-60U E-2.4.1 Characterisation of large/regular ELMs (2ss)

DSOL-2 Injection to quantify chemical erosion TEXTOR, JET, AUG, DIII-D, JT-60U, MAST, Tore Supra

E-1.3.8 (BU) Material migration with silane tracer injection E-1.3.6 Material migration with C13 methane tracer injection (2ss).

DSOL-4 Comparison of disruption energy balance in similar discharges and disruption heat flux profile characterization

JET, ASDEX Upgrade, MAST, TEXTOR, FTU, C-mod, DIII-D, JT-60U

M-1.3.1 Disruption studies (3ss)

DSOL-5 Role of Lyman absorption in the divertor C-Mod, JET ParasiticDSOL-9 13C injection experiments to understand C

migrationJET, DIII-D, TEXTOR, AUG, JT-60U

E-1.3.6 Material migration with C13 methane tracer injection (2ss)

DSOL-13

Deuterium co-deposition with carbon in gaps of plasma facing components

ASDEX Upgrade, TEXTOR, DIII-D, Tore-Supra, C-MOD, MAST, JET, FTU

Post mortem analysis in progress

DSOL-14

Multi-code, multi-machine edge modelling and code benchmarking

Codes only JET, AUG, DIII-D data No experiments required. Code activity ongoing at JET



DSOL-17

Cross-machine comparisons of pulse-by-pulse deposition

NSTX, AUG, JET To be done during E-2.4.1 Characterisation of large/regular ELMs (2ss)

DSOL-19

Impurity generation mechanism and transport during ELMs for comparable ELMs across devices

AUG, JET, DIII-D, C-mod, JT-60U, MAST

E-2.4.1 Characterisation of large/regular ELMs (2ss)

MDC-1 Disruption mitigation by massive gas jets See DSOL-11

DIII-D, Tore Supra, JET, C-Mod, TEXTOR, AUG, MAST, FTU

E-1.3.4 Disruption Mitigation by Massive Gas Injection using the DMV (2ss)

MDC-2 Joint experiments on resistive wall mode physics DIII-D, JET, NSTX, JT-60U, MAST, TEXTOR

M-2.2.1 Identify hybrid scenario beta limit, 2/1 NTM or RWM (2ss)S2-2.3.1 Assessment of beta limit in AT scenatios (6ss)

MDC-5 Comparison of sawtooth control methods for neoclassical tearing mode suppression

AUG , DIII-D, JET, NSTX, TCV, HL2A, C-Mod, FTU, JT-60U, Tore Supra, MAST

M-2.4.2 Role of SWT peiod in NTM triggering (3ss)M-2.4.1 Identify SWT control mechanism (1ss)

MDC-10 Measurement of damping rate of intermediate toroidal mode number Alfvén Eigenmodes

JET, C-Mod, MAST, AUG, JT-60U, NSTX

M-3.3.2 Determine stability of medium-n Alfven M-3.3.2 Determine stability of medium-n Alfven Eigenmodes (2ss)Eigenmodes (2ss)

MDC-11 Fast ion losses and Redistribution from Localized Aes

JET, DIII-D, JT-60U, NSTX, MAST, AUG, C-Mod

M-3.3.1 Compare fast particle losses for various scenarios (2ss)M-3.3.3 Identify and document main fast ion loss mechanisms (2ss)

MDC-12 Non-resonant Magnetic Braking JET, DIII-D, C-Mod, NSTX, TEXTOR, MAST

This will be executed as part of the following experiments: S2-2.3.1 Beta limit assessment in AT scenarios (6ss) == S2-2.3.3 Development of SS scenario at high N H98,th~1.5 (7ss)M-3.1.1 (P) Magnetic braking in H-mode scenario

MDC-13 Vertical Stability Physics and performance limits in Tokamaks with highly elongated plasmas

DIII-D, C-Mod,JET, NSTX, AUG

S1-2.4.8 PCU-XSC vertical stability tests and ITER ramp down work (2ss)


SSO-1 Document performance boundaries for steady state target q-profile

JET, AUG, DIII-D, JT-60U, C-mod S2-2.3.1 Assessment of beta limit in AT scenarios (6ss)

SSO-2.1

Qualifying hybrid scenario at ITER-relevant parameters

JET, JT-60U, DIII-D, AUG, C-mod

S2-2.3.1 Assessment of beta limit in AT scenarios (6ss) === S2-2.2.2 Exploration of the q profile in the hybrid scenario (5ss)

SSO-2.2

MHD in hybrid scenarios and effects on q-profile AUG, JET, DIII-D, JT-60U, NSTX, C-mod

S2-2.2.2 Exploration of the q profile in the hybrid scenario (5ss)

SSO-2.3

ρ* dependence on confinement and stability in hybrid scenarios

DIII-D, JET, AUG, JT-60U, C-mod

S2-2.2.1 Effect of beta in confinement and pedestal of hybrid discharges at low and high delta (3ss)

SSO-PEP-1

Documentation of the edge pedestal inadvanced scenarios

AUG, JET , DIII-D, JT-60U S1-2.4.10 Pedestal scaling from ELMy H-mode to AT

scenario (2ss)

SSO-5 Simulation and validation of ITER startup to achieve advanced scenarios

JET, DIII-D, AUG, JT-60U, C-Mod, EAST, Tore Supra, FTU

S1-2.4.2 Design and Document viable ITER ramp up scenario(s) for inductive scenario and hybrid (2ss)

DIAG-2 First mirror activity in T-10, TEXTOR, DIII-D, LHD, JET, ASDEX Upgrade, HL-2A, and Aditya

T-10, TEXTOR, LHD, JET, DIII-D, TCV, AUG, LHD, HL-2A, Aditya, Tore Supra, FTU

Mirrors extracted and now under analysis.




ID No Proposal Title Devices JET

(BU: back-up; P: parasitic; Otherwise: main)

CDB-8 * scaling along an ITER relevant path at both high and low beta

JET, DIII-D, C-mod, AUG, NSTX, JT-60U

S1-2.4.13 Gyro radius scaling along ITER relevant path (BU))

CDB-12 H-mode Transition and Confinement Dependence on Ionic Species

DIII-D, AUG, JET, JT-60U

Depends on possible H campaign in 2009 (not in 2008)

TP-5 QH/QDB plasma studies DIII-D, JT-60U, JET, AUG, MAST Not in programme

TP-6.1 Scaling of spontaneous rotation with no external momentum input

CMOD, DIII-D, JET, JT-60U, TCV, MAST, NSTX, AUG, EAST, FTU, TEXTOR, T-10

JET will do part b (empirical scaling studies) while the similarity part is very unlikely to be performedH-3.1.1 (BU) Intrinsic rotation databaseT-3.1.6 (BU) Er profiles during ITBs with low momentum input

TP-8.3 JT-60U/JET ITB Similarity Experiment JET, JT-60U S2-2.3.6 (BU) JT60/JET ITB identity experiment

PEP-1+3

Dimensionless identity experiments in JT-60U and JET: studies of ripple effects and rotation

JET, JT-60U No dedicated time.

PEP-6 Pedestal Structure and ELM stability in DN (MAST, NSTX and AUG)

AUG, MAST, NSTX, JET Not in programme

PEP-13 Comparison of small ELM regimes in JT-60U and AUG and JET

AUG, JT-60U, JET, C-Mod No experiments planned.

PEP-18 Comparison of Rotation Effects on Type I ELMing H-mode in JT-60U and DIII-D

JT-60U, DIII-D, JETNo dedicated time

Topics to which JET did not commit (1)


DSOL-3 Scaling of radial transport C-mod, ,MAST, DIII-D,JET Not in programme

DSOL-15

Inter-machine comparison of blob characteristics C-Mod, PISCES, TEXTOR, VTF, NSTX, TJ-II, JET, TCV, HT-7, Tore-Supra, AUG, JT-60U, DIII-D, MAST

To be done during ELM characterisation experiments, including gap scan. Back-up experiment

DSOL-16

Determination of the poloidal fueling profile JET, JT-60U, DIII-D, AUG, MAST, C-Mod

No dedicated time. Possible parasitic observationsE-2.4.3 Poloidal fuelling profile during L-mode (BU)

MDC-8 Current drive prevention/stabilisation of NTMs JET, AUG, JT-60U, DIII-D, FTU, TEXTOR

M-2.4.3 (BU) Real Time SWT control

MDC-14 Rotation effects on neoclassical tearing modes C-Mod, JET, AUG, DIII-D, MAST, NSTX, JT-60U

No dedicated time but data will be likely available for analysis

SSO-3 Modulation of actuators to qualify real-time profile control methods for hybrid and steady state scenarios

JET, Tore-Supra, AUG, DIII-D, JT-60U, HT-7, C-mod

Not in programme

SSO-6 Ability to obtain and predict off-axis NBCD JET, DIII-D, AUG, JT-60U, MAST Not in programme

DIAG-3 Resolving the discrepancy between ECE and TS at high Te

JET, JT-60U, ASDEX-UG, DIII-D, FTU, TCV and TFTR (using old data), Tore Supra

D -1.5.12 (BU) Te discrepancy studies ( LIDAR/ECE )

Topics to which JET did not commit (2)

Documents

Michael Watkins Head of Programme and International Collaborations EFDA-JET Close Support Unit