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eGg'eof] . 6f]n–6f]ndf Ps–Ps u/L !) wf/f

h8fg ul/Psf] 5 . k|To]s wf/fdf b'O{ j6f 6'6Lsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . Pp6f vfg]kfgL k|of]hg / csf] { l;+rfO{sf nflu . !) j6} wf/fdf Ps} 7fp‘ b'O{j6f 6'6L hf]8]sf] wf/f b]Vbf w]/ }nfO{ cgf}7f]nfU5 / ;f]Wg dg nfU5 . o;sf] hjfkm /fd|L sf]6af;Lsf] d'vdf tof/ 5– Pp6f wf/f vfg]kfgL / csf] { l;+rfO{ .

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;+:yfn] cfkm\g} kxndf of]hgfsf]sfd cl3 ;f/]sf] / &) xhf/ ;xof]u u/]sf] lyof] eg] cGo lgsfo;“u ;dGjo u/L @ nfv ** xhf/ nufgL ug{ kxn u/]sf] lyof] .

;xof]uL lgsfo / :yfgLo hg>d ;d]t # nfv !% xhf/sf]nfutdf ;~rfng ePsf] vfg]kfgL tyf yf]kf l;+rfO{ of]hgfaf6 nlIft ;d"xdf ;sf/fTds kl/jt{g x'‘b} uPsf];+:yfsf lgb] {zs ;f]utjL/ rf}w/Ln]atfpg'eof] .

o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

af“s], $ k'; . ugfk'/df /x]sf] v'nf sf/fuf/sf] hUufdf jiff} {+b]lv al;/x]sf ;'s'Daf;LnfO{ laxLaf/ k|x/Ln] an k|of]u u/]/x6fPsf] 5 .

s[lif kmf/fdsf] cf7 ljufx hUufdWo] 5 laufxdf v'nf sf/fuf/ aGb}5 . bz jif{b]lv a;f]af; ul//x]sf ;'s'Daf;LnfO{ clN6d]6d lb+bf gdfg]kl5 an k|of]u u/]/ x6fOPsf]xf] . /fhgLlts bnsf] ;+/If0fdf /x]sf tL ;'s'Daf;LnfO{ gx6fpg g]tfx?n] bafa lbO/x]sf a]nf k|zf;gn] k|x/L nufP/ ## 3/6x/f eTsfPsf] xf] .

;'s'Daf;Ln] k|ltsf/sf] k|of; u/] klg 7"nf] ;+Vofdf /x]sf k|x/Ln] kG5fPsf] lyof] . Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no sf]xnk'/sf l8P;kL hgs zfxLn] kmf];{sf] k|of]u g} gu/L ;'s'Daf;LnfO{ x6fPsf] bfaL ug'{eof] .

b]ze/s} sf/fuf/df s}bLx?sf] rfk a9]kl5 ;/sf/n] ugfk'/df v'nf sf/fuf/agfpg] tof/L clGtd r/0fdf k'¥ofPsf] 5 . ;'s'Daf;LnfO{ x6fpgf;fy 6]08/ k|lqmofdf hfg] a'lemPsf] 5 . ugfk'/df v'nf sf/fuf/ag]df af“s] sf/fuf/df /x]sf] s}bLsf] rfk 36\g] h]n k|zf;gn] cfzf u/]sf] 5 . Ps ;o %) hgf Ifdtfsf] af“s] sf/fuf/df 5 ;o

s}bLaGbL /x]sf 5g\ . s[lif kmf/fdsf] gfddf /x]sf] ugfk'/sf]

pQm hUufdf ;z:q åGåsfnb]lv ;'s'Daf;L a;]sf lyP . PSsf;L k|x/L nufP/x6fOlbPkl5 pgLx?sf] larNnL ePsf] 5 . hf8f]sf] l;hgdf 3/ eTsfP/ nv]6]kl5 ;'s'Daf;L kl/jf/sf] ljhf]u ePsf] xf] .

otf, lhNnf jg sfof{non] ;fd'bflos jg cltqmd0f u/]/ a;]sf Ps xhf/ b'O{ ;o ^ 3/ 6x/fnfO{ xKtf lbg nufP/ eTsfPsf]5 . ebf}otf ;fd'bflos jg cltqmd0f u/]/a;]sf pgLx?nfO{ ;z:q / g]kfn k|x/Lsf];xof]udf pl7af; u/fOPsf] xf] . ;xfos lhNnf jg clws[t ab?l2g vf“sf cg';f/, cem} b'O{ ;ohlt 3/kl/jf/ jg If]qdf 5g\ . kl/jf/;lxt a;]sf pgLx?nfO{ xKtf lbgleq jg If]q vfnL ug{ clN6d]6d lbOPsf] 5 . ;dodf jg If]q vfnL gu/] an k|of]u u/]/ x6fpg] ;xfos jg clws[t vf“n]atfpg'eof] .

af9L kLl8tsf] gfddf af“s]sf bzj6f ;fd'bflos jg cltqmd0f ul/Psf] lyof] . af9L kLl8tnfO{ cGoq Joj:yf ldnfpg] tof/L cg';f/ g} jg cltqmd0fsf/Lx?nfO{ p7fOPsf]5 . jg sfof{non] k'gM jg cltqmd0f ug{ ;Sg]tkm{ ;hu eP/ ;z:q jg /Ifssf] Pp6f 6's'8LnfO{ kmQ]k'/d} /fv]sf] 5 .

ax'pkof]uL kfgL k|0ffnLaf6 ufpF ?kfGt/0f x'Fb}

hf8f]df ;'s'Daf;Lsf] larNnLv'nf sf/fuf/sf] hUuf vfnL u/fOof]

t'n;Lk'/, $ k'; -o';_– gf]j]n zflGt k'/:sf/ lah]tf s}nfz ;TofyL{ gful/s clegGbg d"n cfof]hs ;ldltn]sfo{qmdsf] k"j{;GWofdf gu/tyf sfo{qmd:yn ;/;kmfO u/]sf] 5 . k'; % ut]zlgjf/ s}nfz ;TofyL{nfO{ t'n;Lk'/df gful/s clegGbg ug{ nfluPsf] xf] . To;sf] k"j{;GYofdf z'qmjf/t'n;Lk'/ ahf/ ;/;kmfO ul/Psf] xf] .

d"n cfof]hs ;ldlt, t'n;Lk'/ gu/kflnsf, g]kfn cfdL{, g]kfn k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L, :yfgLo ljleGg Sna /;+3;+:yfx?sf] ;xeflutfdf ;/;kmfO ul/Psf] xf] . o;}aLr gful/s clegGbg d"n cfof]hs ;ldltn]sfo{qmdsf] tof/L k"/f ePsf]hgfPsf] xf] .

d"n cfof]hs ;ldltsf ;b:o ;lrj ;'zLn a:g]tn] sfo{qmdsf] tof/L k"/f ePsf] atfpg'eof] .

clegGbgsf]k"j{;GWofdf ;/;kmfO

q bz/y l3ld/]

b]pv'/L, $ k'; . b]pv'/Lsf] ndxLdf ;~rfng x'g yfn]sf] dxf]T;jsf] pb\3f6g ug{ pkk|wfg Pj+ u[xdGqL afdb]j uf}td cfpg'x'g] ePsf] 5 . dxf]T;jsf] tof/Lsf]qmddf sf7df8f+} k'u]sf] 6f]nLn] u[xdGqL uf}tdnfO{ dxf]T;jsf] pb\3f6g ug{ lgDtf]lbPsf] / dGqL uf}tdn] jfl0fHo ;+3sf]lgDtf] :jLsf/]sf] dxf]T;j d"n cfof]hs ;ldltsf ;+of]hs zf]efs/ l3ld/]n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

pxf“sf cg';f/ dxf]T;jsf]pb\3f6g u[xdGqL uf}tdn] ug{] / ;dfkg sfo{qmddf jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqL ;'lgnaxfb'/ yfkf cfpg] x'g'ePsf] 5 . …dxf]T;jsf] pb\3f6g ug{ u[xdGqL jfdb]j uf}td cfpg] lkmS; eof], pxf“ cfpg' eof] eg] oxf“sf] ljsf;sf s'/fx?

klg Wofgfsif{0f u5f} {+– Údxf]T;j d"n cfof]hs ;ldltsf ;+of]hs l3ld/]n]eGg'eof]– …PsLs[t ;]jf s]Gb| :yfkgfsf nflu klg xfdLn] s'/f /fV5f} + .Ú

k'; @% b]lv df3 % ut];Dd ndxLdf bfª b]pv'/L s[lif, ko{6g Pj+ cf}Bf]lus Aofkfl/s dxf]T;j ;~rfng x'“b}5 . tLg nfv bz{sn] cjnf]sg ug{], bz s/f]8sf] sf/f]jf/ x'g] / %) nfv ?k}of“ art ug] {] nIfsf ;fy dxf]T;j ;~rfng ug{ yflnPsf] xf] . dxf]T;jdf :yfgLo s[lif pkhsf ;fdu|Lx?nfO{ klxnf] k|fyldstfsf ;fy :6ndf /flvg]ePsf] 5 . dxf]T;jdf b'O{ ;o :6n /xg] 5g\ h;df s[lif, ko{6g, :yfgLo snf ;+:s[lt, x:tsnfsf ;fdu|L u/L cGo Aofkfl/s k|of]hgsf :6nx? /flvg]ePsf] xf] . ndxLsf] lqms]6 d}bfgdf cfof]hgf ul/g] dxf]T;jaf6 ;+slnt

/sd l;l6xn lgdf{0f, l;l; Sofd/f h8fg, z}lIfs ljsf; sf]if :yfkgfdf vr{ ul/g] ePsf] 5 .

dxf]T;jsf] ldlt glhlsb} ubf{ tof/L klg tLa| kfl/Psf] 5 . u7g ePsf ljleGg pk;ldltx?n] cf–cfkm\gf sfd cl3 a9fPsf 5g\ . k|rf/k|;f/, :6n lgdf{0f, ;dGjfTds a}7sx? eO/xsf 5g\ . dxf]T;jdf nf]kf]Gd'v emf“sLx?sf]klg ;xeflutf /xg] ePsf] 5 . pTs[i6 emf“sLnfO{ k'/:s[t ug{] lg0f{o klg ePsf]5 . pTs[i6 x'g] emf“sLnfO{ !% xhf/k'/:sf/ k|bfg ug{] lg0f{o ePsf] emf“sL tyf ;f+:s[lts pk;ldltsf ;+of]hs zzL/fd g]kfnLn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . pxf“n] ljleGg ;d"x tyf Snjaf6 emf“sLx? ;dfj]z x'g ;Sg] / To;sf nflu jfl0fHo ;+3sf] ;lrjfnodf ;Dks{ /fVg cfu|x ug{'eof] .

dxf]T;j pb\3f6g ug{ u[xdGqL uf}td ndxL cfpg]

3/ hUuf laqmLdf3f] / fxL Aof/ ] ssf]k"j{tkm{ / x] sf] ! s6\7f !& w'/ 3/hUuf laqmLdf 5 .

;Dks{ Mdw'afa' M (*$&(^@&$*

aLp tyf s[lif ;fdu|Lsf] sf]6]zg cx\jfgo; ;xsf/L ;+:yfnfO{ au/ v]tLsf nflu tkl;nsf aLp

tyf s[lif ;fdu|L cfjZos k/]sf]n] s]–slt b//]6df pknAw u/fpg ;lsg] xf] ;f]sf] sf]6]zg cfx\jfgsf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 .

tkl;naLp tyf ;fdu|L hft kl/df0fs/]nf PlIfs–(((, kfnL @@ lsnf]t/a'hf Uofnf]/L Arhahi Miyako #) lsnf]sfFqmf] Dyenostic / lgGhf !@ lsnf]nf}sf ;d/ k|f]lnlkms nª :yfgLo !% lsnf]le08L csf{ cgfldsf, Uofnf]/L @! lsnf]l3/f}nf k';f lrnf] !) lsnf]:k|]o/ !^ yfgxhf/L @)) yfgljiffbL ;"o{ g'/]n, g'efg *,))) mlle6fldg ;"o{ 8«fOug lqmKnfg !),))) mlkDk;]6 * j6f

;Dks{ ldlt M @)&!.)(.!! ut]leq;Dks{ g+= M (*)(&!#(&$, (*$&*^%$*(, (*$$(#@(*%

>L ;"of]{bo s[ifs ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=a]nf–! d6]l/of b]pv'/L, bfª

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xfd|L cfdf, ;f;", xh'/cfdf hdgL vqLsf] oxL @)&! k'; ! ut] &( jif{sf] pd]/df ePsf] b'Mvb lgwgn] xfdL ddf{xt ePsf 5f}+ . b'Mvsf] o; 38Ldf lbj+ut cfTdfsf] lr/zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ xflb{s >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{5f}+ .

5f]/f÷a'xf/L M eLdaxfb'/ s]=;L=÷wgsnL s]=;L=5f]/f÷a'xf/L M ;h{g s]=;L=÷nfndtL s]=;L=5f]/f÷a'xf/L M 6Lsf/fd s]=;L=÷lzjf s]=;L=

gflt, gfltgLx? M dbg s]=;L=, e/t s]=;L=, ?kaxfb'/ s]=;L=, 6]saxfb'/ s]=;L=, k|zfGt s]=;L=, s[i0faxfb'/ s]=;L=, lk|oª\sf s]=;L=

Pj+ ;d:t s]=;L= kl/jf/ Ol/jfª uf=lj=;=–( afudf/f, /f]Nkf

gf]6 M d[ts xfd|L cfdf hdgL vqLsf] !# cf}+ lbg;Ddsf] sfhlsl/ofsf sfo{x? Ol/jfª–( afudf/fd} eO/x]sf] Joxf]/f ;d:t Oi6ldq, cfkmGthg, z'e]R5'sx?df hfgsf/L u/fpFb5f}+ .

hGd M!((@ ;fn

d[To' M@)&!.)(.)!

xflb{s >4f~hnL tyf s[t1tf

d]/L >LdtL÷xfd|L a'xf/L, cfdf, efph' d~h' /}bf;sf] oxL @)&! d+l;/ @^ ut] @* jif{sf] pd]/df ePsf] c;fdlos lgwgn] xfdL ddf{xt ePsf 5f}+ . cfh x'g] z'4zflGtdf lbj+ut cfTdfsf] lr/zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ xflb{s >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{5f}+ . o; b'Mvb 38Ldf xfdLk|lt ;xfg'e"lt, ;dj]bgf k|s6 ug'{x'g] ;d:t Oi6ldq, aGw'afGwj, 5/l5d]s Pj+ z'e]R5'sx?k|lt xflb{s s[t1tf 1fkg ub{5f}+ .

>Ldfg\ M xl/j+z /}bf;5f]/fx? M cg'k /}bf;, c+lst /}bf;

5f]/L M efjgf /}bf;;;'/f M ;f]d/fh /}bf;

;f;"x? M ;'Gb/L /}bf;, sNkgf /}bf;b]j/÷alxgL M lbgfgfy /}bf;÷;'lgtf /}bf;

gGbx? M clgtf /}bf;, ;'lgtf /}bf;

Pj+ ;d:t /}bf; kl/jf/ 3f]/fxL–!) gofF ahf/, bfª

hGd M@)$#.)%.@(

d[To' M@)&!.)*.@^

d]if -r",r],rf],nf,nL,n",n],nf],c_ M tkfO“nfO{ cfh st} pQ/–klZrdsf] ofqf ug'{kg]{ klg x'g;S5 . :jf:Yosf] lx;fan] ;do clgi6 b]lvG5 .

t'nf -/f,/L,?,/],/f],tf,tL,t",t]_ M tkfO“nfO{ cfh wg vr{ ug'{kg]{ / ck]Iff ul/Psf] cfodf sdL k|fKt x'g] of]u b]lvG5 .

ldy'g -sf,sL,s",3,ª,5,s],sf],x_ M tkfO“n] cfh s]xL wg b|Jo k|fKt ug{ ;Sg'x'g] of]u b]lvG5 .

wg' -o],of],ef,eL,e",w,kmf,9f,e]_ M tkfO“nfO{ cfh vr{ a[l4, k'/ftTjsf] xfgL, cgfof;} ofqf cflb of]u / Jofkfl/s b[li6sf]0fn] ofqf ug'{kg]{ klg x'g;S5 .

l;+x -df,dL,d",d],df],6f,6L,6",6]_ M tkfO“nfO{ cfh 3/kl/jf/, Oi6ldq / x[bo ;Gtf]ifsf] If]qdf ;do Joosf/s b]lvG5 .

s'De -u",u],uf],;,;L,;',;],;f],b_ M tkfO“nfO{ wg b|Jo nfe, bfDkTo ;'v / of] /fzLsf o'jfo'jtL, k|]dL–k|]ldsfdf ;fdgh:otf sfod /xg] b]lvG5 .

j[if -O{,pm,P,cf],jf,lj,j",j],jf]_ M tkfO“ cfh b}lgs /f]huf/sf] If]q / Joj;fosf] If]qdf tNnLg eP/ nfUg] / nfe klg k|fKt ug]{ b]lvG5 .

j[lZrs -tf],gf,gL,g",g],gf],of,oL,o"_ M tkfO“nfO{ cfh dg k|zGg /xg ;Sg] jftfj/0f ldNnf . ljrf/df cg]s gof“–gof“ ;f]+rfO cfpnfg\ .

ss{6 -xL,x",x],xf],8f,8L,8",8],8f]_ M tkfO“nfO{ cfh sfo{gfzsf] of]u b]lvG5 . ;Gtfg ;'vdf sdLsf] dx;'; klg x'g ;S5 .

ds/ -ef],hf,hL,h",h],hf],vf,vL,v",v],vf],uf,uL_ M tkfO“nfO{ cfh Jofkfl/s nfe /fd|f] b]lvG5 . b}lgs /f]huf/df pGglt, cfkmGtnfO{ 3/df kfx'gfsf] ?kdf :jfut ug]{ cj;/ k|fKt x'g ;S5 .

sGof -6f],k,kL,k",if,0f,7,k],kf]_ M tkfO“ cfh cfo cfDbfgLsf] nflu lgs} hf“u/ ;fy nfUg] / wgb|Joflb k|fKt klg ug]{ of]u b]lvG5 .

dLg -bL,b",y,em,~f,b],bf],rf,rL_ M tkfO“nfO{ cfh dfgxflgsf] of]u b]lvG5 . a'l4 k'¥ofP/ u/]+ eg]sf] sfo{af6 pN6} cko; k|fKt x'g ;Sb5 . ;r]ttf ckgfpg'xf];\ .

g]kfn Hof]ltif kl/ifb\lhNnf zfvf, bfª

Hof]= e'jg]Zj/ a~hf8]df]afOn M (*$&*$!@%!

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kf}if s[i0fkIf–qof]bzL ltly, gIfq–cg'/fwfcfh bfªsf] ;"of]{bo &M)@M)$, ;"of{:t %M@@M)$

* gd:t] † ze–laxfgL oxf“x? ;a}sf] ;do ;'vb /xf];\ . * nUg s'08nLsf] ljrf/ u/]/ dfq /Tg wf/0fsf] lg0f{o ug'{kb{5 .

/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf †d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! d+l;/ % ut]

;f}l8of/af6 3f]/fxLtkm{ hfF“b} ubf{ x/fPsf] xF'“bf km]nf kfg'{x'g]dxfg'efjn] glhssf] k|x/L sfof{no cyjf lgDg 7]ufgfdf a'emfOlbg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' .gfd M ldgfIfL of]uL /fxbfgL g+= M @*^#&$$7] ufgf M ;f}+l8of/–^ k;f{, bfª ;Dks{ M (*%&*#)$^%

/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf †d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! d+l;/ @ ut]

t'n;Lk'/af6 lahf}/Ltkm{ hfF“b} ubf{ x/fPsf] xF'“bf km]nf kfg'{x'g]dxfg'efjn] glhssf] k|x/L sfof{no cyjf lgDg 7]ufgfdf a'emfOlbg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' .gfd M bLkss'df/ jnL /fxbfgL g+= M )^&*)@@#7] ufgf M t'n;Lk'/–%, bfª ;Dks{ M (*!*!^$)&#

/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf †d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! d+l;/ % ut]

t'n;Lk'/af6 lahf}/Ltkm{ hfF“b} ubf{ x/fPsf] xF'“bf km]nf kfg'{x'g]dxfg'efjn] glhssf] k|x/L sfof{no cyjf lgDg 7]ufgfdf a'emfOlbg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' .gfd M pbo s]=;L= /fxbfgL g+= M )^#**%7] ufgf M dfgk'/–^, bfª ;Dks{ M (*)(%!^$&&

/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf †d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! c;f]h !$

ut] /f]Nkfaf6 3f]/fxLtkm{ hfF“b} ubf{ x/fPsf] xF'“bf km]nf kfg'{x'g]dxfg'efjn] glhssf] k|x/L sfof{no cyjf lgDg 7]ufgfdf a'emfOlbg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' .gfd M /d]z s'jF/ /fxbfgL g+= M )%&&&^^*7] ufgf M uh'n–!, /f]Nkf ;Dks{ M (*$&(%^)$%

nfO;]G; x/fPsf] ;"rgf †d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] df]6/;fOsn, hLk, ldgL

a;, 6«s, a;sf] nfO;]G; ldlt @)&! d+l;/ @* ut]t'n;Lk'/af6 sf7df8f}+tkm{ hfF“b} ubf{ x/fPsf] xF'“bf km]nf kfg'{x'g]dxfg'efjn] glhssf] k|x/L sfof{no cyjf lgDg 7]ufgfdf a'emfOlbg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' .gfd M nLnfaxfb'/ jnL nfO;]G; g+= M )(–)*#%7] ufgf M t'n;Lk'/–%, bfª ;Dks{ M (*$*&#$!)^

nfO;]G; x/fPsf] ;"rgf †d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] df]6/;fOsn, hLk,

6«s, a;sf] nfO;]G; ldlt @)&! d+l;/ @* ut]t'n;Lk'/af6 sf7df8f}+tkm{ hfF“b} ubf{ x/fPsf] xF'“bf km]nf kfg'{x'g]dxfg'efjn] glhssf] k|x/L sfof{no cyjf lgDg 7]ufgfdf a'emfOlbg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' .gfd M b]js'df/ zdf{ nfO;]G; g+= M )(–%)@#(&7] ufgf M t'n;Lk'/–^, bfª ;Dks{ M (*$&*@&(#%

q dlgiff >]i7

/f]Nkf, $ k'; . k"j{;ef;b lvdnfn b]jsf]6fn] g]kfn ;fgf] geO{ 7"nf] b]z ePsf]atfpg'ePsf] 5 . b]znfO{ ;fgf] ;f]Rbf dg, d'6' / 5ftL klg ;fgf] x'g] eGb} pxf“n]xfd|f] b]znfO{ 7"nf] 7fGg'kg] { atfpg'eof] .

;+3Lotfsf] ljifodf rrf{ ug] { qmddf pxf“n] g]kfneGbf ;fgf b]zdf klg ;+3Lotf ePsf] :ki6 kfb} { g]kfn ;fgf]d'n's ePsfn] ;+3Lotfdf hfgx'“b}g eGg] s'/fsf] v08g

ug'{eof] . ;+3Lo ;+/rgfdf hfgsf] nflu !@ a'“b] ;Demf}tf sf];]9'+uf ;fljt ePsf]pNn]v ub} { b]jsf]6fn];xdltaf6} ;+ljwfg hf/L ug'{sf] ljsNk gePsf]atfpg'eof] .

clxn] bnx? Ps csf{sf] kf]lhzgaf/] hfgsf/eO;s]sfn] a? ;xdltsf nflu d]/f] uf]?sf] afx|}6Ssf eGbf n]gb]gsf] gLlt ckgfpg ;'emfj lbg'eof] . pxf“n] bnx?n] Ps csf{sf]lrGtf ;Daf]wg u/]dfq};d:of ;dfwfg x'g] pNn]v

ub} {} To;sf] kxn s]Gb|b]lv :yfgLo:t/;Dd x'g'kg] { atfpg'eof] .

;+ljwfg ;"rgf s]Gb| /fKtLn] /f]Nkfdf cfof]hgf u/]sf] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf ;jfndf gful/s ;r]tgf / ;Dafb sfo{qmddf af]Nb}pxf“n] cl3Nnf] ;+ljwfg;ef la36gsf] vf; /x:o eg] ue{d} /xglbg cfu|x ug'{eof] . ;xefuLx?n] klxnf];+ljwfg;ef e+++u x'g'sf] d'Vo sf/0faf/] lh1f;f /fv] klg pxf“n] To;af/] s]xL v'nfpg rfxg'ePg .

o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

t'n;Lk'/, $ k'; . s[lif ;]jf s]Gb| t'n;Lk'/n] of]hgf th'{df uf]i7L u/]sf] 5 . s[ifsx?;“u cfufdL of]hgf dfu ug{{] / o; jif{sf]oxf“ ;~rfng ePsf / x'g]of]hgfx?sf af/]df hfgsf/L lbg sfof{non] of]hgf th'{df uf]i7L u/]sf] xf] . uf]i7Ldf sfof{non] u/]sf sfo{ ;Dkfbgsf ultljlwaf/]hfgsf/L u/fPsf] lyof] . ;]jf s]Gb|df ls;fgx?sf];xeflutfdf sfof{non]s[lifsf of]hgfaf/] hfgsf/L lbPsf] xf] . o;sf ;fy} cfufdL jif{df sfof{non] ls;fgsf nflu s:tf sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ug{ ;s]df kmfObf x'G5 egL of]hgfx?;d]t dfu u/]s]f lyof] .

;]jf s]Gb| t'n;Lk'/sf k|d'v df]xgaxfb'/ rGbn]sfo{qmddf ;xefuL ls;fgx?nfO{ ;~rfng eO/x]sf of]hgfaf/] hfgsf/L lbg'ePsf] lyof] . pxf“n]ls;fgsf nflu sfof{noaf6 ljleGg pkof]uL sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul//x]sf] eGb}cfufdL lbgdf klg o:tf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g]atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] rfn' cfly{s jif{df ls;fgx?nfO{ Jofj;flos agfpg ljleGg tflndx? lbPsf], laleGg lsl;dsf aLpmx?df cg'bfg lbPsf], Rofpv]tLsf nflu aLpm cg'bfg lbPsf]nufotsf sfo{qmd ;~rfng u/]sf]atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] t'n;Lk'/If]qsf @) :yfgdf gd"gf pTkfbg v]tL u/]sf] hfgsf/L lbg'ePsf] lyof] .

sfo{qmddf ;xefuL ls;fgx?n] t/sf/Ln]ahf/ gkfPsf], pTkfbgdf s]xL ;d:of eO/x]sf] /pTkfbgnfO{ :6fr]/ ug{]sf]N8:6f]/ gePsfn] Joj;fo ug{ ;d:of ePsf] atfPsf lyP . To;} u/]/ ut jif{ kjggu/df ds} afnLdf nfu]sf] /f]usf] Ifltk"lt{ ls;fgx?n] clxn];Dd gkfPsf] atfPsf lyP . sfo{qmddf s]xL ls;fgx?n]Jofj;flos ;kmntfsf af/]df hfgsf/L lbPsf lyP . sfo{qmddf ls;fgx? gj/fh /fjt, sdnf /]UdL, ;fljqf zdf{, k|]d s];L, gj/fh 8f“uL, j]bk|;fb zdf{, t'n;f a'9f, /fd rf}w/Lnufotn]af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf];xhLs0f sfof{no k|d'v rGbn] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .

o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

t'n;Lk'/, $ k'; . of] ;+ljwfg;ef kfj/;lxtsf] ;+ljwfg;ef ePsfn] h;/L klg ;+ljwfg cfpg] g]skf Pdfn]sf g]tf z+s/ kf]v|]nn] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] ;xdltaf6 ;+ljwfg cfpg] ;Defjgf 6/]sfn] ax'dtLo k4ltaf6 ;+ljwfg hf/L x'g] atfpg'eof] . …clxn] ax'dtLo k4ltaf6 ;+ljwfg hf/L ug'{ s'g} cK7]/f]5}gÚ– k"j{;~rf/dGqL;d]t /xg'ePsf kf]v|]nn] eGg'eof]– …ax'dtaf6 ;+ljwfg hf/L ug{] zlQm clxn]sf] ;+;b;“u 5 hf]klxn] lyPg . To;sf/0fn] klg ax'dtLo k|lqmofdf uP/ df3 * ut] ;+ljwfg aGg]5 .Ú

k|]; rf}tf/L bfªn] z'qmjf/t'n;Lk'/df cfof]hgf u/]sf] kqsf/;Dd]ngdf pxf“n] ;+3Lotfla/f]wLb]lv u0ftGqla/f]wL x'“b} Ps dw]z Ps k|b]z eGg] bn klg ;+ljwfg;efdf ePsfn] ;xdltsf cfwf/df ;+ljwfg aGg] ;Defjgf IfL0f x'“b} uPsf] /ax'dtLo k|lqmofaf6 ;+ljwfg hf/L x'g]atfpg'eof] .

g]tf kf]v|]nn] eljiodf cfkm\gf] ar{Zj s;/L sfod ug{ ;lsG5 eg]/ cfkm\gf] Ph]08f 5f8]/ PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbL dw]zafbL bnsf]Ph]08f af]s]/ lx“8]sf] atfpg'eof] .åGåsfndf t/fO{df w]/ } k|b]z 3f]if0ff u/]sf] dfcf]jfbL clxn] Ps dw]z Ps k|b]zsf] cy{ nfUg] u/L dw]znfO{ kxf8;“u ghf]8\g] u/L k}/aL ug] { u/]sfn]p;n] cfkm\gf d'2f 5f]8]/ dw]zafbLsf]Ph]G8f af]s]sf] atfpg'eof] . t/fO{df b'O{ / kxf8df !@ k|b]z agfpg] dfcf]jfbLsf]gLlt;“u cfkm\gf] c;xdlt /x]sf] pxf“n]atfpg'eof] .

To;}u/L g]tf z+s/ kf]v|]nn]r'6\sLsf e/df ;+ljwfg;efsf] 3f“6L lgdf]7\g] ;Dafb tyf ;xdlt ;ldltsf ;efklt 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{n] clxn]klg tf]lsPsf] ;dodf sfd ug{ g;s]sf] cf/f]k nufpg'eof] . Dofb g;lsPsf] ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ lj36g ug] { e§/fO{n] sflt{sdf Dofb ;lsPsf] ;Dafb ;ldltnfO{ km]l/ lap“emfpg vf]h]sf]atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] ;+ljwfg;efleq}ljz]if ;+oGq lgdf{0f u/]/ ljjfb ;dfwfg

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t'n;Lk'/, $ k'; . ef/tLo gful/s ;Gf\ @)!$ sf gf]j]n zflGt k'/:sf/af6 ;Ddflgt s}nfz ;TofyL{ cfh zlgjf/bfªdf cfpg nfUg' ePsf] 5 . z'qmjf/ sf7df8f} + cfpg'ePsf ;TofyL{ zlgjf/ laxfg ;f9] !! ah] xjfOdfu{af6 t'n;Lk'/df cfpg nfUg' ePsf] xf] .

lhNnfdf ug{ nfluPsf]gful/s clegGbgsf nflu ;TofyL{ oxf“ cfpg nfUg' ePsf] xf] . pxf“nfO{ a[xt gful/s clegGbg ug{ nfluPsf] 5 . clegGbgsf nflu ul7t gful/s clegGbg d"n cfof]hs ;ldlt bfªn]cfkm\gf] tof/L clGtd r/0fdf

gful/s clegGbgsf] tof/L k"/f k'u]sf] d"n cfof]hs ;ldltsf ;+of]hs 6Lsf/fd /]UdLn]hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . cfh ul/g] gful/s clegGbgsf nflu d"n cfof]hs ;ldlt /pk;ldltx?n] cfkm\gf] tof/Lsf]sfd k"/f ePsf] hgfPsf 5g\ . d"n cfof]hs ;ldltn] cfk\mgf]tof/L k"/f ePsf] / :jfutsf nflu dfq} af“sL /x]sf] atfPsf]5 . ;fy} pk;ldltx?sf]k|ultaf/] hfgsf/L lnO/x]sf] / pk;ldltsf] klg sfd k"/f ePsf] kfOPsf] d"n cfof]hs ;ldltsf ;b:o ;lrj ;'zLn a:g]tn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

gful/s clegGbg sfo{qmdcGtu{t cfh laxfg ;f9] !! ah] 6l/ufp“

ljdfg:ynaf6 ;TofyL{nfO{ :jfut ub} { c/lgsf] d}bfg;Dd nUg] tof/L d"n cfof]hs ;ldltn] u/]sf] k|rf/k|;f/pk;ldltsf ;b:o ;lrj uf]kfn zdf{ e§/fO{n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . To; cj;/df ljleGg kf“r :yfgdf ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd u/L :jfut ul/g]ePsf] 5 . :jfut tyf cltly ;Tsf/ pk;ldltsf];+of]hgdf ahf/sf kf“r :yfgdf ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd u/]/ ;TofyL{nfO{ :jfut ub{}sfo{qmd :yn;Dd k'¥ofOg]ePsf] xf] .

o;}u/L clegGbgsf]tof/Lsf nflu z'qmjf/ d"n cfof]hs ;ldltsf] a}7s t'n;Lk'/df a;]sf] 5 . ;+of]hs

6Lsf/fd /]UdLsf] cWoIftfdf a;]sf] a}7sn] sfo{qmdsf nflu ;a} lgsfoaf6 x'g;Sg];xof]u ul/lbg cfu|x u/]sf]5 . clegGbg sfo{qmd ;s]/afnaflnsfx?sf] cj:yfaf/]5nkmn ul/g]5 eg] gd"gf jg ;d"xsf] cjnf]sgdf hfg] sfo{qmd /x]sf] cfof]hs ;ldltn] hgfPsf] 5 .

gful/s clegGbg d"n cfof]hs ;ldltn] clegGbg sfo{qmddf ;xefuL eOlbg ;Dk"0f{ dxfg'efgx?nfO{ cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . cfof]hs ;ldltsf ;+of]hs 6Lsf/fd /]UdL /;b:o ;lrj ;'zLn a:g]tn]lj1lKt hf/L u/L sfo{qmddf ;xefuL x'g ;a}nfO{ cfu|x ug'{ePsf] 5 .

bLklzvfdf zf]s;ef

;fwf/0f;ef;DaGwL ;"rgf †o; ;xf/f art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf] ldlt

@)&! dfu{ @) ut]sf lbg a;]sf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] lg0f{o adf]lhd o; ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] ;ftf}+ lgoldt jflif{s ;fwf/0f;ef tkl;n adf]lhdsf] ldlt, ;do / :yfgdf pkl:yltsf nflu xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ .

tkl;nldlt M @)&! k'; @^ ut] ;do M laxfg !! ah]:yfg M bfª lhNnf 6«]S6/ Joj;foL ;ldltsf] ;efxn, gofF a;kfs{k|:tfjx? M!= cf=j= @)&)÷&! sf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] cWoIf, ;lrj /

sf]iffWoIfsf] jflif{s k|ltj]bgx?dfly 5nkmn u/L kf; ug]{ .@= cf=j= )&)÷&! sf] cfoJoo;lxtsf] n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdfly

5nkmn u/L kfl/t ug]{ .#= cf=j= )&)÷&! df ;~rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{o adf]lhd eP÷u/]sf

sfdx?sf] 5nkmn u/L cg'df]bg ug]{ .$= ljljw lji0f'k|;fb zdf{ -cWoIf_

;xf/f art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=t'n;Lk'/–^, bfª

ePsf 5g\ . ;f] cj;/df dxf;+3n] clxn];Dd bfª zfvfaf6 s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf k'Ug ;kmn rf/ hgfnfO{ ;Ddfg u/]sf] xf] . h;cg';f/k"j{s]Gb|Lo pkfWoIfåo gf/fo0fk|;fb zdf{ / ljk'n kf]v|]n, k"j{s]Gb|Lo ;b:o dw';"bg j}B / jt{dfg s]Gb|Lo ;b:o chobLk zdf{nfO{ k|d'v cltly du/n] ;Ddfg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

To:t} dxf;+3n]kqsfl/tf k|ltef k'/:sf/lgjt{dfg cWoIf s]Pn kLl8t / ;Nnfxsf/ Pj+ lgjt{dfg ;lrj ;ljg lk|of;gnfO{ k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . o;sf] /fzL %÷% xhf/ /x]sf] 5 . To:t}pQds'df/ >]i7n] :yfkgf u/]sf] lji0f'–e'k]Gb|Zj/ >]i7 :d[lt k'/:sf/ gof“ o'uaf]w b}lgssf ;x;Dkfbs g/]Gb|

s];LnfO{ k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . of]jif{b]lv k|bfg ug{ z'? ul/Psf]of] k'/:sf/sf] /fzL klg % xhf/ /x]sf] 5 . cGo ;a}k'/:sf/ # xhf/ /fzLsf 5g\ .

h;cg';f/ k|f=lzjxl/d/x6\7fn] :yfkgf u/]sf] k+= nLnfsfGt d/x67f kqsfl/tf k'/:sf/ e'jg b]jsf]6fnfO{, jif{ pTs[i6 kqsfl/tf k'/:sf/;Gtf]if ;'j]bLnfO{, gf/fo0fL /hf}/ ]n] :yfkgf u/]sf] pdf–rGb|–uLtf kqsfl/tf k'/:sf/a;'Gw/f uf}tdnfO{, 6Lsf/fd /]UdLåf/f :yflkt slj–uf]s'n kqsfl/tf k'/:sf/ ;'zLn a:g]tnfO{, ;'bz{g l/hfn //fwf kf}8]nn] :yfkgf u/]sf]l6sfb]jL ljsf; kqsfl/tf k'/:sf/ dx]z l/hfnnfO{, dlxnf l;h{gzLn kqsfl/tf k'/:sf/ b]jLsf hLPd /kqsfl/tf k|f]T;fxg k'/:sf/zld{nf l8;LnfO{ k|bfg ul/Psf]

bIftf a[l4===

cltk|efljt===clxn] p7Laf; nufPsf]

:yfgLosf] u'gf;f] 5 . …w'nf]t v'jfPs} 5Ú– :yfgLo zfGtf l/hfnn] eGg'eof]– …ca t /ftdf ;'Tg ;d]t kfOPsf] 5}g .Ú cg'dlt kfPsf]eGbf w]/ } Ifdtf a[l4 u/]//ftf/ft l;d]G6 pTkfbg u/]sf]:yfgLosf] cf/f]k 5 . pgLx?n]l;d]G6 sf/vfgfn] ;fdflhs lqmofsnfkdf s'g} klg sfd gu/]sf] cf/f]k nufPsf 5g\ . PDa'n]G; v/Lb ug] {, kfgLsf]af]l/ª lgdf{0f ug] {, :yfgLonfO{ /f]huf/L lbg], jftfj/0f lzIffh:tf sfo{qmd ug] { elgP klg clxn];Dd cfn6fn u/]sf]kLl8tx?sf] u'gf;f] 5 .

…clxn];Dd klv{of} +, cfn6fndfq} eof]Ú– ;ldltsf

;Nnfxsf/ Pj+ :yfgLo l8NnLaxfb'/ 8f“uLn] eGg'eof]– …cfn6fndfq} ug] { xf] eg]ca ;xg ;lsb}g .Ú w}o{tf 6'l6;s]sf] pNn]v ub} { pxf‘n]cem} cfn6fn u/] pBf]u aGb u/]/ b]vfOlbg] r]tfjgL lbg'eof] . w'nf], w'jf“ / Wjlg k|b"if0fn] cfkm\g} 3/leq dg] { cj:yf cfO;s]sf] eGb} pxf“n]cfk"m dbf{ pBf]u arfpg g;lsg] atfpg'eof] . ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ k|ltj4tf

b'w/f;af;Lsf] ;d:of ;'g]kl5 ;f]gfk'/ l;d]G6sf ;~rfns b]jL d}gfnLn]:yfgLoaf;Lsf ;d:of ;dfwfg ug] { k|lta4tf hgfpg'ePsf] 5 . cGtlqm{ofdf ;xefuL d}gfnLn] pBf]un] ug{ ;Sg] ;dfwfg ug{ tof/ /x]sf]atfpg'eof] . hUuf v/Lb, PDa'n]G; v/Lb, vfg]kfgLsf nflu af]l/ª lgdf{0f, bIf hgzlQmnfO{ /f]huf/L lbg cfk"m tof/ /x]sf] d}gfnLn]k|lta4tf hgfpg'eof] . t/:yfgLon] k|efljt If]qsf]hUuf Joj:yfkg gx'“bf;Dd cGo ;'ljwf glng] c8fg lnPsf 5g\ . To;sf nflu l5§} låkIfLo 5nkmn ug] { ;xdlt ePsf] 5 . 5nkmnsf]ldlt ;ldltn] to ug] { ePsf]5 . ;ldltsf cWoIf afdb]j /]UdLsf] cWoIftfdf cGtlqm{of ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf Ps;o a9L :yfgLox?sf];xeflutf lyof] .

o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

3f]/fxL, $ k'; . clvn qmflGtsf/Lsf s]Gb|Lo pkfWoIf /d]z dNnn] ca ;dfhjfbL lzIff cleofg z'? ug'{kg] { atfpg'ePsf] 5 . k"“hLjfbn]lzIff If]qdf 7"nf] vf8n tof/kf/]sf] pNn]v ub} { pxf“n] ca ;dfhjfbL lzIffsf] af6f]df cl3 a9\g'kg] { atfpg'eof] .

clvn qmflGtsf/L bfªsf]@) cf} + lhNnf ;Dd]ngsf]z'qmjf/ 3f]/fxLdf pb\3f6g ub} { pxf“n] k"“hLjfbn] lzIffnfO{ Aofkf/sf] ?kdf k|of]u ub} { s]xL wgf9\ox?sf] kf]N6fdf kf/]sf]bfjL klg ug'{eof] .

…lxhf] cfkm\gf 5f]/f5f]/L dfq k9fpg /f0ffx?n] :s"n vf]n], k~rfotn] cfkm\gf] ehg d08nL tof/ kfg{ /fi6«jfbL lzIffsf] gf/f lbof]Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof]– …hgtfsf]7"nf] ;+3if{kl5 :yfkgf ePsf]k|hftGqdf s]xL z}lIfs ;'wf/t eof] t/ k"“hLjfbn] qmdzM lzIffnfO{ Aofkf/sf] ;fwg agfp“b} nu]sf] 5 .Ú

5 . To:t} kqsfl/tf k|f]T;fxg k'/:sf/ k|fljlwstkm{ gof“ o'uaf]w b}lgssf k|]; ck|]6/df]xgnfn rf}w/L tyf /]l8of]:ju{åf/Lsf k|fljlws ;Gtf]if clwsf/LnfO{ k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .

…casf] af6f] ;dfhjfbL lzIffÚlzIff Aofkf/sf] ;fwg

aGbf x'gvfg]n] dfq /fd|f] lzIff lnP/ b]zleq /f]huf/L kfpg]/ pTkLl8t hgtfsf 5f]/f5f]/L /fd|f] lzIff kfpg g;s]/ vf8L d'n'sdf hfg] l:ylt l;h{gf ePsf] pNn]v ub} { k|d'v cltly dNnn] ca lzIffnfO{ /fHosf] kx'“rleq Nofpg];dfhjfbL lzIff k|0ffnL cfjZos /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . …tTsfnnfO{ ljBfno lzIff /fHosf] kx'“rleq NofP/ of]cleofg cl3 a9fpg'k5{Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof]– …To;sf nflu ljBfnotxb]lv g} k|fljlws lzIffsf] hu a;fNg'k5{ .Ú

PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] ;/sf/ x'“bf gd"gfsf] ?kdf b]zel/ Ps ;o ljBfnodf k|fljlws lzIff z'? ul/Psf] hfgsf/L lb+b} pxf“n]eGg'eof]– …clxn] ltgLx? k|j]lzsf txdf k'u]sf 5g\ /pgLx?nfO{ cg'QL0f{ gu/fpg]u/L u|]l8ª k|0ffnL oxL jif{af6}z'? x'“b}5 .Ú ljlzi6 cltly Pdfcf]jfbL bfªsf cWoIf s'j]/cf]nLn] qmflGtsf/Lx? Ps eP/ cl3 a9\g'kg] { cfjZostf cf} +Nofpg'eof] .

clvn qmflGtsf/L bfªsf cWoIf ;'dg /f]sfsf]cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf s]Gb|Lo ;lrj g/]Gb| Gof}kfg], yf?jfg ;+of]hs /d]z

wfdL, s]Gb|Lo ;b:ox? k|jL0f zdf{, a;Gt rf}w/L, kLtfDa/cfrfo{, ;'Gb/ cf]nL, cg]d;+3 qmflGtsf/LsL cWoIf k'gd z]kf{nL, jfOl;Pnsf cWoIf /d]z lxtf+uL, qmflGtsf/L kqsf/ ;+3sf cWoIf g/]Gb| s];Lnufotn] z'esfdgf lbg'ePsf] lyof] .

pkfWoIf dLg/fh cf]nLsf]:jfut dGtJoaf6 z'? ePsf]sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng ;lrj ;Gtf]if kf]v|]nn] ug'{ePsf]lyof] . z'qmjf/ z'? ePsf]aGb;q cfh zlgjf/ ;lsg];lrj kf]v|]nn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .