20424-Leaving the Twentieth Century

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HE NCOMPLEE WORK

FHESUAON 1S

NERNAONAL

'ncl�1(?d with the moens when4rte,s he glaciation of survival



ER DE RD RER

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o 0 f IJd e·ig Ihe 20h ce: In wht'n hes words wele w[Wen hey sccmed o have i t'v, By n miion wOkcs on sik andfrn was nar r\ouion ideas (He in everones

, m s .I ' sin� d1 y he ha o May i was SiuaonismTh searth Norhws Passage Om he bana )anny o h Dodr b�eois order ino he d ha has nev bcenwas signposd ea} y he Siaioniss Uough a hou-sad 1s o bion he "ouc is cveacd, Th askw sip o ie isei·d Ihe 20th e! was he s oe-ion wiin in Engish Chrs Gray, is eiO, wash iuaionis nernaiona Long ou o iJ hs cpuaion ow as we sand ah ga o i is ime 1'0 a new gencaion o rdrs o e rarkabe book,



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THETH

CENTURY ML K

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ebel ress 1998



Whle cnempry mptene rmbls n u teeltd prjet f 'getn t he 20t etu', we t ts tme t pt e e ead me wih s mets cer d t finis te Cistn er w te sestrke. T f excess leds o he pce wsmOrs s he est e s ws evi te ce

Nw he 51' IS n. 9. /64

Fir�l pubs y

F "lJ Puljci� 974

's edto Pshd

Rebel P 998

8 Wliapl Higl Stree Lod E 1

c 1

ldgt ss II Crt Bitin

AO PUBLIHD Y El RSS

Enmg IT Sas itr O J\vI, nc M

'6 Re Viret, C-pubished wth At £5.95.

T cn f ay L RO 'nim_ Tsltd Iy

Dld Nlso-ith Co-publhd with c, Bak

£795

Sy SC Gy DUd ald b d

Prlm lck & Red diti,

o of S - r s G erd 0

: tgph Dve Oll

d iph ry 197

r pht hld o S ook xpt were ( III is

dit) rprdtin is nof-mk a.



CS

"Eveyon will livc in h i own thdl: T sitution is, 1958-1964,

h snd nd t fy

str ol h thniqs diing

Th nstn sitis An intdtin 12Fml w ty.

, 19Istn taking p s 21Uniy bnis

Th tnstion o ydy 27The d ld dys wil nd 33Th tliy f ids. 8

ss n t Cn, 6All th i's n 6Isltin

Sh in y shs bts: h sittin i, 1999 67\s 9: h d n l t st' ty y, 3h d nd th sttrs siid 8Th sitini n t w o sl inst lits t 82Mxi dinitin vtiny gnsin

li sbjt nd s sttin, 87Nihilis 12l·listn niin nd tiiptn 1Addss t ll ws 124 nl thhs n sl-nt,

s t ttinist nttin, 2"hs wh hl ltin nly dig thi wn gvs:

h sittinist� ine 199 34



g the 20t Clu h sd

lm\ myhil u sin is

diara fm ii m wny

yas

vr i i n f

mil x f i i is puar

Engli redes. as nl 00 i e

r K ad i ditributio w

miy limtd 0 h gl�c! f h

r1 (1r f Britain. T i u

aI i carci ir i l

Cris Gray's oatio i ats

a monn f m yf Arcd c;,11 m lih 011 cptg h book my

atin n oakin s tht e USIn

f l yriism d (iacts

maag<l ta lt dOH-ar<l

c fm a bttd box f in dsty

c f ndI k, r

L in r f '79.Dvg h k wihi nfr

u, f th e t al

ysicall y rm m uc ws itsnpaen pssion d aing ws xrc e h m flig i e

mg f om eaing Vnigcm'

gn Rvut jEvryn Lie.

0 tru love aTairs.

Lvg t t Ctury nains m

f h t exs e 51's jl

I/moal Situa/iis, ad agably

bt ch f ig's Trait

Dbd' Sct u Sp/nc/ . Subtitld

h Iml W f h i r mr h ic b

pwrful ad b\ accessil,

inrodci taost i[eas i 1 b my in tt h

h' lMi ly in [ way it o siy

ngd rad. u lid r

or wit a unsl fm ri

stage, i - e r n lily

illur i r ui� h f m

May '68 in Pari q ad artn srip,

it l<y f l i qU<li h r

aic ii f min h tat

hi king mil s n ng

in te ha

ay w �i�td i h ly ut ad

raphics by br f Srn Pr,

gr bse n Croy Js h f

London, WIO hd ink ih nrth-

Lndo-based gru ituionis

sqatt n f rt r h

bok w slie1 by Jmi Rid and ater

sae h ir l f h Sx

l furth ingl Hi in h Sun'd in 1978.

Cris ay occaioally idioyncati

t dgmati mmay itd n

hy w endain , lhuh h

urc f mc citicism" as we is

trsltions Crtainy hy wr a li fr

u h n m hrugh rgl nugh

w my o ve been

cintly aat for om. In m wy

it i m rfrin rr d old

alatin, gi rr, m

�latic ah 5iin hy r nw h, rvi and



< Ol I · I sj xtual

si d lsltill il r'd

mi lss.

K Kna disiv slsss !

20r as (f llsist

hdgpdg" Iis Su;J;. lcol

wy ul)ls1 i 9 is lary,

is rltl t b aie fr er

a(acy f sye nd lexiogphy t hiswa aly a ry difert proje ad l

fges t or vr y Lg r

2 Cuy ws the oy god e f

sitils x h UK ed, the

wy prXu al I or f the

twen S txts opiled by � Gray

slwig tlat he tt was t entirely

njdcius his selecti. Ad Kb

akes oncesi t ini. H

des nt aempt sedue the w eader

iply pimi Her r th xNw rad

Fuhermoe underand the

siWiica of Vl 2 Cuy it

ha 10 b pled i its ist ntet.

he t itii book publsed i

nglad i p at im wh the

s trgle wa ll mh ore ali i

nglnd tha i wa perhp in ane or

Nrth Ama wee th eydy had n

t Sixie. 974, the ye of it

blicati he second miners' strike

fetively bouglt dw the Try

goernen The e rly Sevente5 wee

ad by ms nd widat tikes see

ghtig d erri in ld, and

pliica pest i glad fro mas-

dtaons 10 aak by the gry

igade

\il the eet il Egland was sll

dated by th rde unin ad the

Pr it howed isg g of

gttig o crl, as eidenced by th

rh of det ion d e inng be; f wildct tik This was

dvelopment ls pod by th vrio

mostly init) tit pries who ought

i the ove udr prty rol

nd who bosece d been ey

emnstratd ye gain in nce i 1968.

Sitatiis deas ad tt oy ben

>ly dimintel n nlnd d Noth

Aeic before 1974, lthgh o with

oneqce In gld the

Brigd eg a serie of tts o aiousaistaios f the spectcl fom

lt millss t" Hlil' lld

ti rrlrrli(I \Wr itd with

s rtist "·rrs. ut li t(s

'llatd d arly faid 1

iit rtarit.

[t wa into t mltig p tht Cis

ay I l 20h l

inet t r l th ti dgas

e eft as wll a th peto f mdis.

I 1974 th I hd bee deft fo t

ye d ad doe lile wagl

intally sine 97. Th st eliti of

eoleSu no 1 me

the prs i pnt run of 1000 i

pteb 1969 A frm there was al

downhil text c RS l

h / o, nd

gem' oo� o e id not

cary the wegh of the elie as�s. Ast o rsigais deimated th eh

a l stns in 197, d by the

1971 y Drd d Saguietti were

lefL

Tl w ebes f te S Ci we

dd in Jauary 97 a the ther

tw pli f n Deeber he nglsh

tio hd aledy been tatd by the

xsi f is Gay and w oh

bk a Dember 97 It n

spiin therefo t st

tanaions fro Ie rgina Fren wre

arried ou by ious Arica rdia

fr Detrit Seattle, e d w

York befe eig impo t th K

At th tie Lcg h 2h l

was pulihe1 thre ws lte i he way of

5tinist literr ircultig n the U.

So of h S e was aailable s

import fro Deti wher i hd be

published by Bl·k d d i 97 i a

chie transOn by redy

Pe {h of wa

repried by e e go i 1973

amizdt eon of Vint' Eg Suo , s of

e nd the whole f his

B/ latd i Gay

i 196 wee in liied cirltion

tin oe thn hese hd

btind fom the USA

Al thi furthe epl wy for 0e o

who we able to cnge thieve or eveby copy efore ey al disapead this



o

1

e

f

ay

bk wa a r aio wrk of

mp. a e hI wa r Iclc(1.

and luc i1 Uulat d

men

Gry tk the tle rm e f e

ky early tet 'Nw, e S! w

a)>cared n e 6 e tin f he ame

We I i is high i p ( d 10t dd i ha has dllid Ihis enty

ad ish he hsi E ih h am

H ehe h rod of s he pa of isdo OU is th er fr rds aig the wni

Thi lm my a\e le IHeoou

n 16 tw yers efe tb

$Cd th ee bef t Jii oiet f he pe d T Hoi

rda e nd os fr bef

\liary e M 68 Bt t

pi nt . n atur ha year fr the

evltry rq iig oions

t 1 reeed hmsve i thi arte �

av st >ree he fme '

o d as beig n oiin l

f et reuat t is

r a h mre i ha id o i tis xt r i

efety tcles t ivisin beee e

e o hi bkT 164 rtle eha ase e

elevae wt t fr te la

e ad of the weet etury e have

een irsing em y an

<peae as a stlly tt

eet lcte my wh the r

o me h st-6 theetcl

dvopme o e 51 s a oooita n aii a h otf tat a reto ha bn lagey

le er trete as eaioTi h bee te tee esl of h

xhibii mte h P p idou

P d e ttut f

ntempay A in Loon,

Th spos o hos who woud porr

1 in uh fh bet an< in

te e ttemet f he al1 et . dea y wi ny sco-

paii wh chmin the pry f

te i fcio (the 'aslt e

i 6) ve he ttt rjt 1s hei e

/lcfailc is / isl l/y "idcrc S h ii

( t 4ii ) I� p id il

.; I 1( li o u '. '

JiJgi/y llii

jShic; .ill th c i iuy glcd siilli

so h is xudcd Or et

C� hh i mre pr% ld ft1 h o g u gi io

prgram v od Iha its mai x"f ge r i st f som me

apare"t ls, i th i /d furtr t Ih we /ae I.r l red rniin win sid fllewJ f {Jccl d

gl 1952 prjet t seah f

th sesO f t ha ve t f

ys ar f e 5 t lk bak

wh w ih

] e o simp

wr qi ighy b ndned

Debo ee e 5 as an

extem gr dd os o bi bak

vluary in n i

iing vty on e f l

they. Te futy s hl tla

ry Th tet gahr d Iee a

eaent he rt ias i te <l f

C{\ f te er relty

et the lt a 1

o bn ear .

As w leave te weieh ty thbk snt the reaer bth

hisoi t'iu eouionary

nton o he es

a Pary May 1998



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VY WLL L S WAAL": SUASTS1958-1964

by Christophe G

OG GU OUG Taen wled for gMin u 01 this d pliN e qui y'e be iH c e iet T TUTOTN ep. We : ·Geviv, P Se.

98

Smmer f 1 958 umber ne f a new

saly gssy aantgarde magazie,

Inlerna/iona Sfuaonnis. began tappear and te Lati Qaer Pars

Its ets were qute as tefg as ts

m Surrealism e iema autmat

tn planng pts, gams hery, e

ea geneati ad the eedm f te pss

re a i apid sessn dismissed aseing benea tempt Western lt

and ilisati i their etiety we, s t

seemed ttaly bakrup Yet, ere was

smethig n w these situatnsts'

eieved y ts nare was m lea\hat wee te transedene f a, te

nstr f stuatns dritig'

psygegrapy unitary urbaism and

reliary lay? \hy se pups f grls i rainats eaes, r supe n

te baks f rses t llstte theseept \y te maps Utpa

utrysde the pts ad deailed

dagrams f mder ies? \y te liedrawgs f a appaas r generatig

Gassa distri And hw d yufeel su disgs eerythig

ntelletual terrsm as eer bee

aytng partulary suprisig n the et

Bank Wa was unsual was at

nma/jona /a/nn/ seemed t haeaial a gasatina ag n a pa wi its megalmaia I wasn't ust amagie' he ariles peseted a

et ad intewe atta n the we

f the temrary sial ife ad teHaf were wrtten lletiely ad left

nsgned Edt and tributrs wee

Fen Dt, Bela Germa,aniaia, Itali an rb all

apparetly belgng t e same

nternatal gansat Pially the

magae was wel -iated The layt

was emnently sber te paper the higestglss ad the e glwig gd metal

bad Tese, wi mus ae een

ludiusy epese wee apparetly t

sp e hig gettng wet n the rain Ad it

was dead eap. Ad te was n

pyghtasialy the st number reled

and a atak art he situatiists

enral tesis was ta a i all ts

taitina ms was mpletely payed

Dada ad maked the ed f westernulture; majr self-regeeratin was

pssle. At te same tme, wester

lisa ad ahe te pit wee

meanisat ad autmatin had

ptetially a least elmiated the need r

almst tradtl fms f laupenig up pespetes npedeted



lsu suaonss suggsd tha hssu cod on fd by nW typ

ceiy a Ca\v wTar f of Imagnaon soud on b apped d o ransformaon of ra sf, no o s sos n for o phosop, lrau, panng ad so onEqual s ransformaon sod no n

ands of a sa od of scass u soud mad vron I was nomavrda f a sod ad assona and raona and dac, no s rfconn a spaad od of ar drnrtst ds nt pnt bt s dty L nd rt k On rsan zara)

suaonss ovr wr no jus a ors h cra crss was smpo of a r gar rakdown A nw nt Jn hs swpt th pnt:

banstn Evryn s hypntsd by wrnd by rt by th grbag dsps nby th by th bthr, by th shg chn Ths stt rs, brn rn gnst th hrshns nt hs r rsht ts g- th brtn 0 n r tr rs nd b dtryng bssn Yng ppvrywhr hv bn wd t hsbtwn v nd grba dsps ntrywhr thy h hsn th gbg

dps nt A tty drnt sp·t ttd hs b snt nd t nny b brght n bng by kng r nnss dsr nss nd byrtng ntry nw n And by ssprpgnd pn t pbs thdsrs (Gs van Forua or a n ct, IS no 1, 1958)

saonss programm as asdon wa cad consrcon of suaons In frs pac s man ingng ogr an uson of vaos

spad at fors n th caon asng, und nvnmn Nor as sprocss rsrcd o a nw focusng of conorar ars acv A ga arsc vsons and masrcs of as soud pad and r conn mad rsvd as th suatonss cad ,as pa of a ra scp A scncknodg and cnca s co rog no a sa wa or t m ad lehn o eom

h t h Won ou s oss

2

und fd o suc saons old rv ru dnamc and sap c M for suaonss: vryn w th Wn thdra Thr w b roswknng r vd ntass hn nydg h w hss w w bpssb nt t n Othr hss

w prv rrsstby ttrav t thbnghtd trr ('F r a nw c

pont as no us craon of anto nronmn, hovr vas or owvr ov ht w shd b ng ts srt 0 sttnstrntd psyhnyss Ths nrnd hvng tdscr whn thsvs drs r ptr nonnts n rdr 10 k

th a th dtrcay pposd td

t tht tkn by th rs ndn gops vryn st srh wht thy r wht /rs th cosrucon of saons An nrodcon"IS no I 958) pon as conung p and astr of mda sucv xpnc Ar nd n ngr bn nt pst snstns t bth drt rgnstn 0 r hghyvd snstns 1 s qtn 0 prodng s nt thngs tht ns s o an

ac Dod n sa ssuus suaons proc, as orgna ound, was raon of dsr n dng a nw word word wwc w rmann n ov

s pu m n c sam poson rst sass and ondSurrasm n sam poston as aad pscoanass Or, or smp, nac sa poson as cdrn or r ndrng poso was on of rn and py - pa qupd

h th o of nt-cntr chnoo Ua, a a as nvovdwas ss ng n od wanng o mak or das come r And ns wr qa sm srscv fanas on on and and on otr s ocv couna wodof ar

Rdscovr o com craurng on racd a nmr of sa

avnt.gare roups ri 19 JO o 925-

bo by h h as the min achvme o he LHrs



g

d

vemen. The eriss aother mvemen

alms tally own this uny

l"d i Pais din the yeasmediaely ate he secd wold war.

tati fom Dada, m he coplee

issutio of te aisic or ey

evelped in a mber differe

deins. One gou was conerne< wih

Dada- culal saae, ather wihinventin a ew aciiy reace a:

tr cystallisig arnd Isadore

concerned h aesteics an at iself.

erhaps he mos faous stn plled by he to ps was their saae f

te Ease hig mass 1 NoteDae i

1950. Jus befe the hi ass a sal

op f ests nclig who hadpviously ineded o e rdaned, sliped

unobserve nt he bac f he cahedal In

a side·ro they caught gag sipedad bod ne of he priests e ex

ahlc leis put he piests vestmets

a js ee he service was about tobegi, avely asceded he ses to emain pupit A me's respectfl silece.

Diu l he sad; and bea

beniy t discss the ipliais of this

ccluson. eveal mines passed befor

e cregain aally regiseed what

was hapenig He aaged o esape ot

fe back f he cathedral, u the

cngeai cagh p wih him on the

quais, whee hey pceeded y and ych

m Te lest aas, was fd

surende o te polce i order save is

eck.hei ase f this kid o conibtion to

cle led a coplee break beee the

ant a post-atisic facis ad Isare

u ad is follower The left wig f the

eiss had, after a hectic se i 1952.

just wecked Chapli's pess confeence for

Lelih' a e Ritz otel an et oBusses whe they head tha so haddenced he t the ewspape They

pompty deounced him back called

temselves /nlrtoc Ltr' ad se

up he own agaze /. f i this

time sou had bee the dmiat

pesoaiy n the leist ovement

Imo r saw he sing of he

sta f Gy Derd.

Debd, bo i 131, was a tis ime

roduci soe bllialy hilsic anti-arMoires' his essay n subes'

was a book pt toeher enirely m

pfabricated elemes whse aiest

toh was its bindi i shees of sandpaper

The book oldn be pt away i

booksheves becase weevr was takenot it rpped he cves of the boks on

eihe sde he sae eid saw his st

fil rlees e aveu de Sade

(152) his was a feaeleg lm

which ar rm beig orpic, lacked

any iages at all the audiece being

pled ino opee dakess f

eiing to end apat frm a few sho

bs rad lge we thescee wen whie he las eny fu

es wer ineed sience ad

obsuity Frace here was csideble

vience whe he fl was fs shown I

odn, howeve whe the ist ouse cae a the ICA, they didt eve ell the

qee f the e perfrance hat hee

was't anythig see eleals eally

are a hopeess l.Scialy 'Jeie e was

defied both by is resa wrk and hs

ts pery and by is adiose desie to

egeeae the atr f mediate

epeiece. e ensis iiit i this are

bvius otal despair was neve fa away

Debd eaed hw oe igh hey wee all

drk ad sned in somees apatmen was way ito the niht ad alms eveyne

had cashed Debd was sokin kif by

hmself when sddely he thht he coldsell gas He waked dow a corido to the

Th sjjo o thecmeo. Lod, Septebr



khe at he far ed of e aparme Tworiends were sig dinking silee a tekien tble. Al e windows were suad he gas was red o l hey adod a e whole sic cew wold diepalessly i er slee s was jssypomati ey wee dikg addopig a lot of e ime here was ore

a oe aeed mde and sevealsuicides Soeone ued ot of severalote oom wdows befor faly mang i

No ha hei way of life was one of

uboken hippy goom ve h whoe md

fies, ere was ssaied wok o eir 'aciy o place ar I 93, vanCheglov, e aged ieeen ad usig e psedonym Gilles Ivain, woe a shoaieo aled Fmula fr a Nw Ciy.

e ext was a adly-needed sho he am

for Freh Surrealism ireasingly boggeddown i ualy covenioa ar adlul ehabiliaion sine e ed of heweies Chheglovs enral hee wasa e i was isef he oal work of a,he ota wor of real lfe so long soght foee o al cratin ha alway ben

nspaab m h nd pa wi

arcur: pa wh im ad pa

Oly in e possibiliies offered by he realdisribtion of ime a space a all dreamsbeome re and b<ome one is

maifeso seems one of he os bllasigle iees of wring oduced se heeyday of oder ar us afer e rsworld war Unforunaely, is own visioswee o prove oo m for Cceglov: heeded p a la aym a ew yearlaer.

Befor tis however, e was o play aleading role i developing e wo ainpacil ehqes sed y he lers ais me dif/g and phggap he

rs o be desribed as a sor of freeassoiaion i erms of i space e deawas simpy o folow e strees go dow healleys hgh e doo ove he ws phe ees ad io e sunlight e ta oefod mos aaiv; o waer aloe or wi ones fiends, followig no plan bu tesoiciaio o he arhee oeeonerd. Drifing was a aemp ooriet oeself in e absene of any paialcosideraios: o fd e es of

aciecue oe desied uoscioslyAogs ohe adveures ey fod dow

4

by e Seie a doo eading o wha wassupposed to be a sall ool soe bu was fa a oealed erace o hose pars of e Paris aacobs ha ae cose o hebi; apaey a arge ppoio of hetoa aa Hopelly many happy ouwere spet wi e maces e skus ane ras

Psycogeoaphy was he sudy adcorrlaio of he aerial obaied fmdifing I was used on e oe hand o ryad wok o w ma map of esi

, , odes of siaons o e eroced in hnew uoian ciies eselves ring esae period ey wee aso oyig wih newforms of ommiaio ad deondioig i he iy La/a L/ wehe arss o derand he eormous

poeial of graii as a means o ieraryexprssio today A umber of he slogashey chaled or paned eve workFree he passos Le s live we oturn aga moe an weny years lateo e was of he Lain Quaer i May168 Tey also paied slogas ow heir oserlegs ad aross ei ies ad shoesThe wo laer items ey ried o sell

he acual trasion from 'Inrnaole

ik o rnaia Suai

doesn seem o have arked any major

hange he a of her aies 957

saw ebords Rapp u a nuin

d uan e r teorisaio of eir ew oeps of uan ad pa adhey waned o be dissociaed oe ad fo al wi sou and he ohe a·iddeleriss On 8July 57, delegaes onna/nal L/i/, fro te largelySadinava ad Germa Mouvemeor aas magise ad frm adious Lodo syhogeographial

Comtee me at a formal cogess aCosio dAoscia i aly and deed oamagmae 'nai01 S/uainns

was bonhe r few year of e wer devoe

o a syseai exposiio of lersposopy ad lifesyle o geing amagaze o egay ad dsbuig ienaioally he numbe of aarryig memes of e 51 a is ime sees o avebee aroud tiy or for b presuaby

may more were ivoved on a ess formalbais, o wee js very consdery



m

re

.

U

7

I,

10

I,

1

i t were in their late twetiea w lvig o the uual xedent oa ll boema le grant malet orgei mn rmeg ad ainal abo in tre relwhe

ti t he 51 wa ral anitratal movement. Atonmou

we iog over mot oe e adavia Dut ermaa taia etin gand thr wetrat ad odud tir wnbiat the eman Spur a inttbl wit te ole wile iue o teai agaze aeared teadi all eqaler red eqall luril, eait gwng meta vr a dierentlr. e errim wi and geeralgaJaa held gd S dd w o

tg gir odie bmbngi-ri me ma o tie adagra o abri athedra adgre.

I Ita Pnotalii vetedtria antng aintng rdeaal b te rl A laet be Bertein read: Ang tJant n r pbs t t/ma. t anvas bin ut un t ys0/ at usr; n ucatir. I nspatn bnd ndusta

it tanks t a -d baacfca and anry nv dryng r apya s anar't p 1 t no r dubusroutns t Mas va And nauray ry sn. nm ants n n n ta (S no 2

98) dutial aiing a exhibieda old okered, i uri Milan adVee tat ear.

ei domnant intla nern wa

i! wit he u o al at orm a newtoia w lanning wle teireeriment wth ariteture ad the ue o

iti tied o rovde a ratial mean -ereion, a ea gu oe nte evel o everda l Larg-a dmetme ug evral team lnked bwaetalke, we ndertaken;ogegrahi tudie and aritetralan were worked t i de a . W a yat t bgnnn / uban cvsatn

Tnt ntury arctts su bbudng advntu. (S no 3 959)

eord made two more lm hort thitme ur ass d ququ s trs cu un p(959) and Cu d Spaatn(960- iter gt beond elitit avantgarde ring ad r goo reaon.Cloe examnation bot wd how tatRena new ebor m ve we and

ad qui nial red thm ourng thi itial eod te 5 ro t

me ot undrgud ame artuarvithi thrn roe thoug amotxIuiel a a grou o antateortiia and rvoltonar ate.he wer nvie t artiat in a mb exhibtin and eve geerall teeed o jt went alg to aue troulThe ew atemt te made to wrk ndia atroage invaabl ended i

diater a r the onve o laudehla edux' mle o uildi ata Sali-d-aux r the tailed td Le Hal and r a abnth be built inthe Stedij uem in Amtedam arved t ra r he varou aoitionered and ha to be aed.

Wa te 51 in Pa wa rg to workut wa a ew rutnary itiqu oiet t dver orm o gaiatinad ativ me ee tha te latikanar o lettrt Hen Leebvr had

been thir rt metr oial revlutionOe a leadng Fre omm artteretiian eeve had egd rm hPary and eme ireaingl aarhitiHi bai otenti wa that temraroiet wa uig om an htage onmr gd u om a ew v ap yday /e ad that volutitda mut be ud the rgeerat oti ara Te 5 tg te eliedinraig on i one ryay f

tended t rejet eebve loo aeing baiall aademi ad ernarlati wn them deterrae andal etered t 960 te adunder the iuene Paul Carda adSais u Ba Solidait' inEgad hi wa a -Mart groudeved ag t rdening e atur aitalit exlitaion dng t rentburaurati ad onmer-ieted aethough al ar mr ivlved in the ealitie

o hr agtati and uggle agantte uni han eiter Leebvr or the 51

5

Sex. I OK, Mo, b no oom f

Groit, Censier 968.



T wrkng class graall bcam

smtig ss f an abstacti. h 5

bga a sytmatic intprtain f

upan vtina hstr f Fura th tpians, f t ung Max, f

aachists Cmm f th

trriss, f al massac lralft

sca xpims tat bk ut amst t

ptaian an pasat upsngs f th sthir f th twtith cntur Thi attac

lar an al irarcica plitical

rganisais bcam crsig savag as

i thir isistnc n ppula spntaity

vlnc an t aiity f a vutina

pltaiat t vlv aqat plitica fms th spt Sodalsme ou arbari lft

thm wih ir ctal if smwat

summar, plca cncpt: tat f t

varis attmpts at wrkr a slf

managmt. Wrrs' ccis avmg m th vlutiar was f th

twit cntu as th mst csistnt

eprimt t ma i intgal

mcratc ganisati 5t Ptbrg

urin 2, Catania 3,

Buapst 1

Soa/smc ou Bara als ft thm

with t n f vlpig a nw

vlutnar citq f plitical cnm:

f th cmmit rm nc b arx

as t basis f al r scial an iivi

linati vp wat was t

bcm thir mst amus singl cncpt

at f th pe. Us frm th v ir

as a tm t sigat ctmpa

Frenc) cul ctale was a speccl, a

circus, a shw, an ehibitin a n-wa

tasmissi xpinc. It was a frm f

cmmucatin t whic si h

auinc, can nv epl; a cltu bas

n t ucin f almst vn t a

stat f abct n-cativi f cptt

assivi an islatin Nw t saw thath sam srctue appli t

cultual an lisu activiy n nl t

plitica rgaisatn whth tat f th

ruling classs at f th s-call l'.

Tis xpinc f passivi islati a

abstactin was t unival xpinc

mps b cmp captaism an

xpinc aaing m it basic

alinati t cmmity. ncfrwa

csum capitalism was t b simpl th

oiey th pdaeh ft thing ts mant was that th

situatis cul n lng s h"m

as an art mvmn f a st at al.

was m tan he cnsm g p

xclene An w f at, hwv

cul igs b mn "ilIi,m .�

tun it th ppsit f all it ha

t s wh rigial ceat it. Frm

pint f viw f Pais icasingl tat

D, ws intansgnc was iforb appaanc f Raul Vaigm

4 al t h sctis wr

far t muc in xprimntal at' an

cutig t ang f bing spaat

what was eay a ttaJ pgramm.

n sci wnt n an ifcl

i rasbing iivial ws f at as

latst chc evltiar csumr tm;ts jctin f cnsum sc ma

b th wl gp w b cmprmis

T sitatn xp i t t sif th xclsis' r whic th S was t

bcm ntus Te arhe Ab

Oja by aptng a ommiion /0

bui a churh a Vlenam, have

auomaaly xle hemevs om Ih

Sf Exclsi flw xclsi ug

a 2 th bst sualist

mann T cas wt t

virtal isintgati f t Scaniavia

utc alia a Gma sctis At t

sam im a umb f sitatnists w

wr bcming pnall famus as artiss

Cnstat in Amstram, Asg Jn i

Scaninaa A Tcchi i

it opp t ift awa t fllw

iniual ca Al ths clusins a

baups whch st a w mth as t

th siatiists anaicism a glacial

aganc all evlv ar whth

it was pssibl t cat anthing icntmpa sci stong nug t

wtstan th massiv psss bugt

bar p i wh t nl tig wasnciatin, exps

foowng xt mm thi iilia.

pemly ar' pro 0uaon

actvy,



d

n

g

d

10

/

S A Y

e ee a l f lk at the revlt ftepa t late Thee bee al f alk abt it becaue - theapart tivee rit f Sedieager t te ulde ltearrlaai f Egland ang oge t i funameta c a alaedad ifeive o of evot a atepra t fd tef i mc teae pii a he �t ralt thare prduct f te ame rld cal and

telecta dintegrati areaktrug in the cnqet ae thatave failed t ake te lget diffeece tte ae, etime brutaL acti agante le a f life imped pn eBt tepora t lak all teuealit' abit t pe teelve iad agait clture; ad te a ak alte pe e real pined ti. Te e nderlig thepaeou negatvit of Ameica,

caavia r Japanee th oe ofreigai SaitGemaindePiediael afte te ecnd rld a, hadaead erved a a labato fr ch theae t f beha abivel labeleditetialt' b te pe a te tme i the tellectal feead ft geeatio in Face - raie SagaDrouet RobbeGlet, Vadi the alBfet - are all ch extbk cae chcaricare reignatio.

If peple he ae age, ide race,a lightl moe aggeive, the certail

are a mr elge Setie itpre idic Smetie premaue elfcgatatio ver a igla paticrebelio_ The mell f re egg broadcatb the idea of Gd, evep the calcetin e Aerica ea geeratio, i it etie abet from the tatemet ofe agr g e (cf. li Wi)The latter have dveed thit ea aftete evet a eai al berivee tatEga had managed hide from em a

thi tie: the reall thik the are beigcandal if the a te'e agai teQee. "ople cotie t pdce plarie Kenneth an ic are baed ote ab dea that peple fear ad epecte Co, e mpire, the ChrUveit a God Sciet . e precine pdce pa i idicat jt h tpidl ea i te agr gmen pint of ve. e have mplcaged their pini abu a fe ocial

convetio itht detadig ehag f the e f clalactivit ob in eve rl avatgademvement thi cet The ang umen ae eve me reactinar i tepacar vleged value a te e redemption he cfer te act ftig Tha i t a, the are defeding amticati hich a deoced iurpe befre 19 ad e vatda f geate cnerevltia

plicati tan at f the Briti5 Crn.Te hle ong ad dace revea e



Th gres stac wol as ve se A vestent o e thsndlon dlos (90% wc wl av isr wih laig ss

a i wo years lime) A sc oe of tigs d v ns: rom theWus doncs of Hs Majes t Kn of Buund whos sac dm s nerbefore e is aive sre t lnr apse i wic is gig to l ot e moo Pe touh undestndn' s the oto he New Y Wd ,due 0 en ednes

Visrs c rvel i te ftre iar cars They w e tg towns wee hee wo' be a p pbles whee oys wl be

tnnele uderond wre cars ca ak gro or massivebuildngs, shs o rs o esdel as on t secd nd paks,ope es ees n /wes, on hrd. Fatsy? T R e say a at 1939 ew r iiio Geerl s had aleady wor out a system towas /lves ad tnnels w seeed opee nsc te te wi as si al eria ie

Cc·Coa es e ris sewa sa roud e wld'. Ty cn-Ieel, u a tste the st dstan spos 01 the e", isen e mse�qise sgs musi a ergo s 1 r eos spemes a astes wl be podued' nd ntl utoly pte .

e U s ry aUra e symphy by eig t eParaohs; enel no b he nases f ol nd new ases, fo esqz

o , o asso to r . or a overs e is immense ex mn r e o scctere s pavln deoted ecnt senc dscovees. No av womn forgote In e irol io ac woa a id w se ws be xseas oe redhead bree etc Th 'ptcal beuty' slon lws on pent wh deen s e o s 50 equipe w a cmputer ow al rele phys con be fed wi wl te ge dvduldve wht lou you sou oose owe you ls, oreyeodw r ylass yor pois e

Le Mnd,

hng ve cleal: has an ieahe surealss wee rng s arl supsg n vew f e ete whc he ave been mspesee aune n e ane 'a mvemen)a e same me s mpssbe adcne be a sels a; eveewh as e as fu Suelsms

massve pse-sccess an ismouabbsacle. As a esul ma o em avebeen awn tws e vas acaelemens ha caacese Suealsm e ve s (magc belef n an age f be fn anwhee b fe hsec_ Tee ae eve se w <"a[\Iemselves n s beg here s lng afe bale ne Sualsms etie Tee Ge Legan(Sse me . ) sas p

wl eman a small ban f ulengs esve keep alve he e amf Srrealsm_

mvemen me libeaig han eSealsm f 924 a mveme whcBen pms jn as sn as appeae s a ck popsn s

lbeag qua a epe p s

sezre f e me glelveechnl f e mer w A hesealss f 8 ae n l capale

ng a suc mveme e aeacvel hsle eve s psslt_ O hehe a s abslel ecessa aa elna culual mveme acams as s w an ses geae eectSealsms eman f l ma aspua freem

S fa as we ae ccee Surealsmwas me than a al evlnarexpeme clue An peme abacre alms mmeael berecal an pacca We ms ghe an e ses_ Wh? Becue

we 't w 1 e be.

Degeneae Sueasm ang an llnfme g me welhee teenageebels ma be ackng an veall gasp fhgs bu fa m lacng a cause bem s wha e all have cmmnCnempra lese as alea ugese he sanss ave mee eece s gemen

I no. 1 1958



wha

hic

to

d

Ye

d

ble

ary

m

gld

ry,

late

fe

they

n the

,'

c,

d

t hat

U

I

'of

On

SGGL L C QUS G

ncfad pople can be fored to act

in ys pr-drmind witout hir

wldg . . wts Sege Tcakotin on

te ens o mass coeon employd by

evltinas ad fascsts bewn wo

rd ars Rp Crwd by

Pi rpgnd. Gallimard) Tecnica

prress sinc has b nintrrupte.

Eprmental sudy of the mecansms of

har has gone orwad; new

plitions of xstng tecnius hav bn

iscved nd trly new chniqes aee ed Fo sm tme now tere has

b xprmet wit sublmnal

etising autonomous images ar cut into

l: apparng on t screen for no mor

thn twnyfouth of a second, ty ar

sn by th but not regsel

csciosy) Also th te se o inf

snd In 95 the Reseach evce of the

Cndian National fnc undetook an

prna stdy of boredom A nmber

fdduas wr slatd in anevimt dsgd so tha notg cold

happn (clls wt bar walls non lgts

te y rture a comfotable couch and

itht any sounds, smells or varatons in

perare xtnsiv dstubancs n

behavior rsltd bain in t

plt absnc of all sensory stimlation,

fls blow ptc of excation ncssary

is o fncton ormally he Resac

c cncldd tha a boing envonme

s dstrce cs on uman behavr.rthrmr tat bordom was probably the

cause o he nforeseeab accnts tha

occur in monotonous labour destne to

gow n numbr wit t extnson o

automaton

e acco of a cean Lajos Ruff

pbishd f n e Frnc pess then as a

boo, in te sprng of 958 gos a good

da fr. His story whic, if

qestionable in som rspcts, conains o

nherent iossiilt escbes he

branwasing nerwent at the ands of

te garan potcal police 95 orsix weeks e was cnfned t a sngle cell

Whil here e was subjeced to a nmbr

o icks and tchniqes which while

ndiday u commonpace, wee

ougt toget wih suicent sk as to

make him ose all belef n s own

peonality and te accy of s

percepion of te world. T cl itsl was

srang enoug. h rnr was all

ransparent. Th d saggd ad was

dcul to slp n. Each ngt a ray oflght moed about e room He was ward

repeatedy abot h ades psycc efecs

of ts ray of lgt but ter was no way he

cold avod seing it a eac nigh it

aeld slssy about s om Ding

th day he was ntrviwd and analyse n

intemnable dtai y a doctor who claimd

to be a psyciarst A vart o drgs wr

spped no food and drink. As he nr

en kew weer he was druggd or not

h bcame casingly easy to maniplae.Someims thg he was it convincd

9





never le h cel, e woul wke p

i t oin with his clotes p

t tcs o o is soes

Meiless or higly erotic ls were

c·j«te on th wlls of te cell

Vitos ce him, l of whom cte

hh he ws th heo o seies of lms t uin essnce e h bee

h inerpy of te etis of wht h s in te lms wt

cly ken plce i s cell ece

icesinly coplex. He beg o feel

he rol h plye

i is n exmpe of the rprv se

constrct vionet vig rece

oserble egree of sophisicion To

e evey iscovery o sitrest

sentic reserc hs been eglecte by fee

ists n proptly seize by the police n

e ry. en sbiminl verisig

e o iv rs to soe misigs in the

tts th whoe me ws soote ove

y th stt tt te t wo slogsst we uie rless ey wee:

oe crefully

It is the whol umisc istic

jriic concptio of the iviolbe

nlrl prsonlity tt s coemne

Oseves w re only too hppy to see i

owevr, te shoul be no mistke

ot he fct tt we re ll gong to bect p i r bw fr artiss d

h l xper with d dvp

u f lw echq condtolg. A e police force ley

cosible le. te outcoe o

this rce epes weter we se te

pence o pssionte libeig eventsr te einforct of the o wor of

repsson horror n is time

einf scticly wthout sgle slip

p. W l of e rtists but tee ist yssibl tistc freeo beo we vesie te boy o tcoo ccumulte

y te twetieth ctury ts is fo us tee es of tistic proucio n

exsion from its us revets one om ever

being trly conteporry rtist f thistechnolo os ot f to hns o

revolutiois th i is e police-stte

nthll fo o s. Te oiion o

te cn eithr be rotiony force or

it c n th bsolute power of te orceso te ps T sitionss w to frg

b the p Te ony orce fro wic

tey cn expect y ssistnce is te

prolet theorticlly witout pst

peetly foe to iven vrythg

"ete volory o it is othing

(rx) A wil it be outionry ou

te he uestion is o so imotnce o

us e pletit must lise t.

IS 1 1958

1 1

Whr a brat ofesh air cot

o hld oewoun fom ool

lot hin fo o 01th o gt·ftomoi in r omy 1 okyo. Th bu oxyg l

h h pn! lt of oxyg o ltr r ut or 2p. Wh rs o r ltn w b r r

Evig Stadrd27 Nomb



CSUC SUAS AUC

couto f a oly to ei a h np 01 h

pacl ei t intrt Cleay heba pnipl the pct - nitent t h h f all u aleaeocal l/e_ A qaly clly all th t tlaue f lunay eei wth treh temm m n atempt ba tehla l dentfat 01 t sptt t : to th ctat i ac s e utn 0 e lid b tewo i. e ed y ave rey it-t yi li st eddni e at ye oe t d ato t rtr, i e 'e t euay tiyt.

Ro su cnstu/o d ttins

Cstruting sttn mens mre thjs rging tgehe d iin numer diet tisti tehniques th rtif single enviment hwever gret thpwe te eesn i spe d tim f

tis enviment m e. situtin isls uiie en f ehvur i time ts frmed f gestures ntied i tsitr d. hese gestures tepdut te dr nd f themsevs; d thei turn the prdue diffeent dnd different gestres. Hw tes frese ieted Cle we r t nedwith enment revlvg rund kindf meh ge-mnged surpie'Wt we sider t e l menigl

epemet les i settg up the ss fdeies whi e led mre ss lrl

cnus tempy ed f tivty wi

s fvouable to the uher deveopment of

tes esires Tis lne led te

frt lrcti f ts desires w

re ly cnscius nd te st t

perne f ew es - sires wse

mter rts lie i e ew rly

egeerd by sois strutio

\! we should be imig t is sr f

situtinist-orieted psycholysis. Tse

oncerned havig o discver within

temselves desires fo ptic

nvirmets in de t mke em el

the dimetclly ppsed ttiud to th

k by the vos eo-Fed gops.

Eveye mst serc f wt they lve

wht ttrcts em (Ad here agin, s

git erti ec liey exeiments

Leiris, f emple wht is imprtn t s

is either the indid strct of r

mid, nor t expntio of i gnesis but

its pssile plti t the cnstu f

situts.) In s wy th elements ut f whch situtins re e uilt c be

emied; s can projects t dymse these

lements.

Rese f thi tpe n l emeingf fr indidus w hve eenling thei w rtill twrds thestutn siutis ll eitespnte siu dgnised w pestist tht ist s, idividls w hve l pssed

g t sme distisn with tes it s tgh te me epte f n



eientl sensiby n themselvesnted t the becive ee fo his f actin Al hae passed oug aslised taining and all, as specialists, elged te sae istoial avat·e Ts it s ighy likely a may wils te sae desres ad vaiOS poe: hh hemes' will tend to multiply as

n tey oe t grps wth a peo acti

Te construed sitation is boud belletie bt I is iception an in ispen However i seems tat atlt ng an nital eperimental perodnsibilit fr e patiula siuatiot a e patia iia hisiial st, so to speak be teictor o the sitation Fr exmpe, iters of n pacular sitatioist pojet -

e, say, reong arod a emtinayilyhaged meeng f severa old fiedse ening e wuld epect a) a iial of sear by a eam; b) e eletof dir esposible r coordiatige bSIC leents ecessary for estctin of the dcor etc, ad fr�ng ot a number of ervetosdg te ose te eveing(ateaively seeal idduals a workt ing seies of itervetos al ofthe aware f all e details plaedn y the ters); te ata opel\g te situation who ave take part e hle pojet t theoreialy adptically a d a few passive spetatorst owg what the ell s going o wosld be eded o actio

bisy this spealised reaiosipeeen he irecor' ad te ivers' of thesittio must eer a any ost, beomeperaent. t is a ply emporarysbinai of a woe ea of

sittnists to oe partiua iual whas assmed resposibiity for the sccess ofone paticula pojet urtermore wedle to make it very lear tat wee tlng aot developig the teatre i anysr way Boh Piradello ad Brecthe analysed te desttio f teteatrial spetale ad pited out teietin i whic postteatral" demadss ie Y ould say te onstrucion ofsiios wl replae e teate i e same

a that te ostruction of eal life tese a moe to plae ligi. Really

the mai aa we wan to replace ad llis poetry poery wi desyed it1uey at the eging of te wentietetury

ot e al ulmet f te individaland te ulfmet o what we believe to e amajo breakthgh i te ne of ultue,ar impssible with a collectie takeve

o te wod Uti tis appes te w'tbe ay real peple a all, ony sadowshanig higs anarchically give by othes.Fom tme to ime we bump it thers aslost as ouselves, tavelig tesely adm dietios cotdtyfeeligs acel oe aoter ot and reifocethe sol wa o bredom etwee us Wewill wreck is world We will light te tbeaons o eld te ommg of a geatergame.

Futinaism te qasiaomaiexpression of techical adace, is trying towipe out te last traes of play amog us.e paisas of indstral desg complainof te ll efets peples desie t pay asu tei work, while mode idusryrdely exloits this desie ad s it itoa at taste f velty At mesuinteutN rasformatio of the designo fidges, ec e oy adica! tig o dois o try ad ee peoes desire to ay, ioter ontexts and n a larger sale endigatin o al te teoists of insiadesgn in the wld wo't d aytig chage the fac that he prae ca is n therst plae an idiotic game and onlysendaly a means f trasrt As agastall gessive orms o play - whih areaways regressos its iatile sages adwhi re as always bod to reatioaypolitis - we sad fr expeiment wit egat game f socal evtion

IS no 1 158

1 3



14

D O

I_ c,

D L

!

&



A O A Y

Mlrd, m fom necuy

a brd i th w Th

g ay t th . Th ditt t a mnywrch

e o t s wali y and

suasts t bow S uch or tt. W can rd vry y f pomis i

y fa cncuig ph

ry crc

dvtg as std twey yar5 W

r in th w yu ry d hv b

t o sti ookig or msry

hording and in th stts,ondng has f pty ughtr:

Duch des aiarc

cin ranche l iand

Z NOe·ame

Phamac prts

Almao ds Mayr

on tnide

iere Main-d

entre de cra/i jOcilAmblance ainenn

iqume anue Rue ds Voars ongePeion dfamille dan ardin

H6Iel d Engr

e uage

And wiing p in th Stt

Litt Gr th ic sttion fRv Rod T dasgial

ad th abu o thQai Orv. Th rtfici fw Stret h Ct C H th

can Bar and th Cigadiga h Ht f th Epch

A th sg ttu o Doto

ip Pi nfct f th i

t v f th u P

And y rgttn yo

vgd by th ch f h rck th Red av o Pali·Kao,

wi y kwdg ir c rgaphy, ng ving r thci we e rts dream he chid

and where the wie ends n al m some

d almanac. \ yov bwn wYo'I nv th hcnd. It os eist

hr.Te aiend T51 be bilA tw ggic hrv w

, w t a gr om th st rmd

wt stig its gd W gow

up in clsed dcap l f wh

rfrc p rw resity ward

th fwvable g, w

eceding pspties aow u to ct a

gis f cty nv cnc spac, bt ts gimss main rth inchnt vn. hy t b

und th magil sts f fiy t

ad in rrit t c eat

was ha c mb ma ba r

sd cvrn wih mmot fozn in

h i, th ir b th poo tb

Ev m s dte s th wi ha

m wr � atay N tha thycu tuay b usd in uidng a ew

mbolic wn hut bg cptytnfr, t bing gin a

1 5



comly w n. Or i rin byyimag ro th at a alln fab th ohitication of o acinryh w attmt a to u orcinc to a w yt a raoti A a lt all contoray aa n foc to com aact cntora arcitc bng t wot

xaml of al. Pu latic at tlling nooy a akig no omt col anooting to t y lwr, or ythig can b foun ca b foun a owanr urthr a urthr fro throi la o yti W ar al trgout btw a at wich i till aliotonaly an a futr wic i a a aa ornai

W ha no intntio of cotriting toti mchanical ciliatio to it blakarcitctr, to i itably catatonicliur.

\ wat to crat nint tat arranntly olng

ark a bn ri away byctci an t aon y cntral aing.

Nig a mr ha lot al tchar an t a a gon. o wol i citi wat to withraw f comcralty an all thy ra of i way o oigo Fo obou raon a bgin ann in aliy

Yt contorary tcolo coul allowa unron coact btw t iiiuala coic rality iu om of watro coir t arii T tar ant rai ca n og gla cligh mol o o with th unSlig wal allow gtatio to a lf.Th hou on al trac ca go own toth a in ornig a co back to twoo at ight.

rcitctu i ilt way of

ru ti an ac; of ngralty of aing ol a ont tan ring an ral laticbaty athr, a latng ic, ncrin h trnal ga o uan anrogr in ralig tm.

u, utr archictur wil b a maof oiig cotmorary concton ofti a ac It wil b a ma of}�!J a a ma of

T achtcura colx will b

moabl, t woly or i a by tholiig tr

1 6

Pa ociti ofr a rr rt athic to ma h aaranc of tcoc of rt i a morn ialow o to or omng of anxn nat of comngciiliaion xnta int it th wo Say mo ; o a t ba of thi ong ciliation

actctur at la inialy, will b a oolfor xrimng wit t toaniffrt way of oiing lif moiiit to t n of a ynt wic will mo gloou a kigo ha aytig worl ha r kown

A w or of mtal i ha wt lant banaliatio Eyo ihyoti y wok an by comfort by garbag ioa uni by t lft y tbatoo by t waig machi

Ti ta of aar bor of a rbllioagaint t har o atr, ha farorot t goal th lirion of man aal car an bco a liftrcti oion oung olrw a\ n allow coobw lo an a gaag oal nit\yw th a co t gabagioal uni A totaly irnt italattitu a bco ntial an t canonly b bgt into big by akg ornconcio concio an by

caing ntily w o A by a r to licit ir.

\ ha alry ot ou at iro contruct ituatio wll b on of tmai founatio of ay nw ciiatioi n for l cratio a alway iaabl o th to lay wtarcitctr to lay with m a ac.

Chirico rmain o of t ot rikngcro of tr archict Wat w

alng wi wa abnc an nc inti

t ha n own tat a aica objctot notic concioly at t ti of a rti can through it abc ringuccing iit, awak a inablmrion rough a raformatio intim t n o t bjt

n n n Fror, altognraly l, th uait of tiimrio ca cang w t atr o

abt objct an with th imotacacco to it by t itor ranging



and

e

rt

. On

1

h

pt

n

r

e

s

<g

a

)jet

rt

ra t enty t s irreleant tat n

prular as te memry s the vte feeling I nly ce hs xapl t venene .

In pann durng e rade

n empt p reate a -

e It be e nw hw ga

e t nflene eted y ee

tt ul a, hav nt i p n a ceny at

r n f ti a t le e

new in f tme an spa, ll e te etia ass fuure

ctcton, tl prs an wll

rn ntil tee a been eal praal sl pattern

r n tow dene sll t th

end wn wi aat fr te l rity neeary r e r and ey wuld nss ely

us har h alv pr, ls n an fl,ylial uildng rprsn deie

pwer, eent frm the pa the prsn e fre rainal extenn f

n elg experience f yth f

irytae and, ae al f pyanaly

/ua xpes bece mre

n gent eey day as every

rs fr fan lv diappear

eryne l le n ther wn atheda.ere will be rm aan r vvte an any drug There ll ee wee i wil be impible all

lv Oe ue wll pe rreiibly

ratie t te bengted talle.

Ti prjt l be paed inse and Japanse p-i aente rn n a s arsnt ade t be ealy lvd r the

icl ayrin in the Jdi de

te entry t which, e heig fsr adne n rie wtte r orb n e byrnt"'

Su a l sn a he aneeingplae aru atle raine,

lae e . Thi wul be te baeeid f twn panning een a ean f

wedge Ye we an mc fe

n hs a W a buid a er

bildng wc den l in the e lie

daeva cae ut ic cn dite

en re tny p pr o e03 (epg t a niu nmber f

line pong etain er epoiting pein, the natre f te

srrnn nrs, e) e r3 s a twn cld

repnd tefins n rallexerience rely y han.

The Gha Qarr hHappy Qaer te t denely abited

te ble and Tag Qare s) he Hitri Quarter (sus,shls, ) te Ueful Qaer (pital

l dept ) the Sinter Qarte

et . nd a i whh wd

la a n term f tr rspns t te

i ryth an atal gaden lie

e ne tone Tma wane

bud a Laaer r n Vienna ential incnes e niee i ep n

te all Pehap a eat Qaer t nt

s c r n a havshr ve in ee.

ae e n f Me and an

aeptane f te identity f nene and

ruelt whih bee earr e eeyday.

he Sniter Qater, fr eaple, wd

be a diinc ipreme n s aple, f he nderwrld ta a

rea y e teed n er apial:

tey yblied te alef e f life

ta e Sinier Quarte need be

btling ap e r mn. Il a Quaer iult get nt, and

npleaan nce ne cceede (piering

witle alarm bell ren wailng

interittently de pture atai

ile wth mt caled tMile

a llli a nigh glared iey ding

e day In it eat he Sua f te

Mr M Saa mae

h any paca prduct cae dmand

fr thi pct t all: a ey expld te

Sniter Quarter, he chi an rpwuld lw e all fea f the angiing

ape f life and earn be aue by

tem

Te ain hng peple l d le 10 t oun i Chanilaaps r ne hur t te next wld

end wit pl rema fr nsabita rruding.

ater a actin ineiably tale sdiftn l in part eae te eal f

direct xpr fr ha prscnmi dictie arent the man

1 7



prle a all paely b a e

me a plae s pt y

py he re uee eer erpeple beau an he e e

pl eme nk he ae

ac r La Vea An Ren,

caaue ee e Nr a quen

anyh a puy a ab Th al

expemeal w l e ael

leae a ree r. e e

e ee aa-ae ac wll

aae wa aurally hn a r

er me wll eme e nelleal

capal e wrl a ll be eallyee a h

Glles van S no

cpal

prc



e main iake ade by tw planne i

see the ivae ca (p is supct.

i he rik) a eing esenialy aan f anp On cnay he ca

i and fe pncipa

anifean f wa appine i upped

ad whic i badcat a c

t he wd by advanced

apis In te the ae glal

ppaganda. e ca the vin

of an alienad lfe and an enial

c f he apial ake Arican

n ppeiy i yea i aid

e n he ucce f e an: '1

cs e faly

The ie pen in avel and

a Le Cusi quie cecy

ind u, ni e n l an

npai lab - lau wic till fe

e e an ree ie ne a a

ne spalWe t eplace avel as an exenin

e ing ay y ael f pleau alneie cann psiby e ebil ui

h nd te aie paasitca xience ivae a ay Acieue an nly

e ened in accdance wi e

evelpen f sciey a a whle u

fe kww any ale aed n

f ca elainps ne can see

e cndened in h place,

fy

Even f we ae c acep f a

niinal peid, a igid diin wnhe aea wee ne w an e aa

wee ne live, we nev fe a tid

aea a f ife ief te aea eie andeed he uh f ife Unay

ubanis ackwledes n fnie t

ae a an eninn can be ay

nied an ha a f spaan

between wk and leiue bween pulc

and pivate can finally e ilved B

even befe ti, te ini pae f

uniay ani i t eend u peen

ild f play eey kin bldng we can

h e cpleiy f e eld we had

in ind wld e rgly uialen 0 at

f an ancin ity

e ca in any nd el It i

asie piep in wns ha ha

eyed i le A balanced w plannin

wuld neie ppes e ca n allw t

t ec a cnta ee I wld gabl

n it ada diapeaance vn nw ne

an feee ceain new aea bein ed

afc, as in a nue f ancen ciie

e wh ann ee eynd e ahae neve u, even f a tiy

tcnical pint view ab e fs f

ranp n e uue F xape cain

ype pvae heicpe bin id u ae en by he S Ay will aby

ae pea e pblc win weny

yeae eakw f e diaeci f e

han envnen t e adanae f a

{ee ae pjeced Paian ways

wic will enail e eliin f undf wile a e a ie h

19



kc h of h

photo - Mw SpsS i d by h of Ih

. In how nding iIee r /They n he ed vt pk il w e my

oung cri en wo ad wore)

ve raoaly der do-aca

aao. oy aca ad

ecesay ems o( a vey ec soa

eu Ayoe wo eve a e ac o

e obe a en are eraen u

ao acce e eaece o coeorary

cey

Reouoay own anne wo' jube conceed w e ccaon o g,ad o a be aed a wod o

Tey w y o ea ee ooogca

ca ande avg e way w er

exeme o e ouney o e ou

aec e

Guy Debor S o 3

If

ov

e

of a

con

o

ad

I

o

o do

c

s

e

any

a

acc

ae

ca

a

ev

ec

a

w

a

a

e

O

a

E

rad

oNo



ROS ORNG ARS

I it �ms absurd to tal about revolion,

his s e<ase organised revotionay

vens hae long sice disappeaed fm

t der contries where th osibiis a isiv ransfomation of sociey acncntred t vrying s is n r sine t is limted to what eXss

d he vaious was of puttng up wth i.

If he od rC\'olonary has been debasedt th oint of big sed in adveisement sie the lats pddig alteraton in

s changing commodiy, ths is onlycas the possibility o a real of ar change o he whoe of oes

xee IS o onger being expressed

}hee oday e revolutionary pjtsns ased by the evidene of history:acsed f faing and of avig le to newlinion Bt al this means is that

talism has bee ae o efend iself on

al evels of ealiy, mh etter avionaes eected But it hasnt al

me any moe oleable fo it Revoutionh o be re-invente that s all.

Ts voves a nmer of problems thail ave to e overcome theoretically andcically ove the et few yeas A few

ailarly important points an beetoned ere

Ot o all the new groupings whih araarng o t far lef wing of e

Ean workes movement only the mostcal ar worth preservmg ose whose

gmme is based on k oniNor shold we underestimate the number of

ure ofusionists and othe trendes startng

o pone aout on the far left.

e most dif poblem beore gpswho ar ying to create a new tye of'lutiona oranisation is that of atng

new iterersonal relationshis hn the

oganisatio itsel The remorseess esueeerted by otemorary sociey is 00%

hostle o any sh undeang. ut unless it

is caried thugh successfy by methodsat are ye to be ie we wil never be abe

to scape rom secialsed polits For anoranisaion (and eventally a socey) to be

ealy new univesal paticiaio in it is

obviosly essential. his isnt some abstract

theoetial eside is a ie 11

or even if militans a no onger e mereeeuos of th deisions made y e

leaer of the orgasation they still skbeing educe to the le of sectatos of

tbose among tbem who ae e mos

qualifed in oltics coneived as a

speialised atv and n tbis way theassiviy of the od wold will becons

Poles creativity and esire to

paticipate a only e awoen by a

oetive proet that s eplitly conenedwith every aspet of their own ivedexperiene he ony way sr up troue

s y alling attntion to he aroiouscontast betwen wha life today od be

and wha it actually is Withot a criiqe of

eveyday lfe th revolonary oranisatiobeomes a searae milieu, as convenional



nd n the las nlysis s pssive s

oiday camp: one of those wic hs been

deveoped into a fy specised thete of

mode eise. Hei Rymod is

stdy o Pairo points out ow in sch

paces the mecansm of the specce

meey ceates, i e form of pay e

nom etionsips pevaing i the

otside wod Bt en e goes o to pise

the 'nmeos m cotacts which e

fosteed by sch hoidy foci withot seeig

ta a meey quntittve incese n the

me of peope one meets eaves meeting

js as at nd inathetic as they wee

befo Eve i te most ant-ierchica

d beria evotony group

commuicaion between peope s in o wy

esred by shaed potic pogmme.

Socoogiss sy sppot attemp to

efom eveyday fe o ognise some

consotion fo it in ese time But the

votioay project caot accept theadiona dea of pay: of gme imed

space in tme and in aitive epth. T

evotioy game te cion of ie

itsef is ttery dieent om ay ame

t hs eve been paye befoe o oe theewee be om a yea of wok te

Cu Mee nd is hody vges

ae foced to ey on soddy oynesi

ideoo (a bit lie the French e\outons

Rom fcy-ss o e eBosevi o ote, wic tody s

evotioaies se to defie temseves)

he votio of everydy ife oweve, c

eve d is poety i the past but ony i

e fte

Mrxst emphas o the te fiu hs ute egitimtey been

ccsed n the ight of te empt eise

pdced y mode capitasm is tre

that i tme s eve to ecome ey fee

then fist and foemost it s wo that mstbe trasfomed s coditos d is

ppose mst become ite diffet om

tose of he foce abo which hs

previed ut ow the ench jon

Ss u Ba, the Engis

Saty, the Begin atv) Bt

ose who pt a the stess o te necesst

of cangg wo tsef of tionasing it of

ming peope ntesed in it nd who

egec the iea of he fee contet o ife

(t is, o deveopg matey eippcetve powe uite pat from the

tdtion woing day however edced

ad te apat om te time aotted to est

ad ecreation) n he is o pvdig n

ideoo to cove p o the mee

tionstio o pese metods of

poductio in the name o e

putvty wtout aising the estion o

e epeince of me spent i ts

podctio, o of the necessiy of his id of

ife t his mst be chenged a te

most eemety eve e ee cosctio

of he woe spcetime o divid fe is

demnd which i ve to be deended

agais a sos of dems of atioaisatio

in e minds of e aspig magers of e

coming soci eognisation.

he dient pses of o on ctvt

up ti ow c ony e ndertood in tems

of te eppeaace of evotio This

evouton wi be soc s we as cutua

nd gt om the st its ed of actio

ve to be far wide tha ws eve ensagedbefoe s the IS does not want o

t

t

s

C

mc

t

b

c

h

w

f

st

b



c icle lwe b to igtr capale f app

tev t ti ak e ear cme

I r ble wa hch mean

rre ta we t eje l he

a f ecale a b a he fialie lc a acuarl he

ia achi haacec

nellecual h fel W we n r w are eelpn a

eutir prgamme W a a

ti rg being fre wil ne a

a accal ea cnemprarl a a we will ake par n h

nn whe cme Waeer

nal th new

lna memen will be re

ng in accu hat hae

tgete an this cl

mm a he eein e l f emae u lim elin

a pemanen a ueal

ln.

IS 191

al ou eisio tt y lya wo u bse o oltion i a rr s i to oati wa rt ytay

a aar itor or e teti

T a ad etuistily syn ty w ald add y t cus t smss n y hon Hlysh t tht the f l e ovt only on r s otout a hidy the ly bohu

Jti ly ssse ths t, i n opeso t hu ee ulte Thsos pout ul

ouh n n sct f eve hliyk h d oai

"A u oiay�, ge ; y a a ty o hsios i a buid te oig h r oi tatis I o i t ub itrt at h o o ti ol ould bi by ig se statt or W th iti a wi op aig se stteets t h o bio t thtat do ot y



URY URS

1 T T W-

T NN F H CC

Thre is o sch ng as tow plaig': t

s just an idolo i Max's ss

od. Aitctu ho is somtig as

al as Coaola ts a poduct pmatd

hrog and oug wt idolo but stl

eal, pviig a dstotd satisacto o a

d�otd d But town plang is o

much h same lvl as baag o

avrtising sonding Coca-oa pur�pctacla iolo. od captasm

2

orgaisg t edcon of all social li to

spctacl caot off an ohr sctal

tha Iha of ou own alination t sion t city is matpc.

2 TW NNN CNDN

ND D-R

Dopt of uban nmnt i

th capitalst dcation o spac t

rsnt choc of o sciic

atiali�ao o h possb at th e



a

o

f e Lke aesthetics - and is

iitetio will ollow mu te same

er it cold e seen as a smewhat

lte bac crimil Hwever,i !ati t it prly archietua aspects

i rcteistc eatu s its nsstene on

ar t n inddal integaion in

ld beacraic ndionng

ple are blackmaled it aceptigr miati n the gounds is

K5sit' at exactly tis neessity is

KSar r is nt revealed And or god

r3s Mder capitalism makes people

al ricism simply by arging at

re t ave a rof over teir heads

jt elevisio s accepted the grounds

t everye mst have informati and

imet Ccealing e fa tha this

irai tis amusement ad thi kind

·plce are t made r people a all

t e made witout them, ae made

it tem

pag as a whe is n moe

emprary sciety's sphee olty an ppagnda ta is say

isain patcpatn s smeting

i i it s imposible to partipate

TFIC flOW, HE CRUX WN

PNG

epi rafic mving is esentiallyris iveal islati As su it ise asi problem moder ies eepg

r vig s the pposite of aowig

eple m; t takes up all the eer

i old ave bee put into sch

etigs or into any other kind of

icipati mpesati fo the esting

etess peples lives is to be ound i

te petace Ones status is assessed by te

at o te pace one ives in and by te

tet of one peona mbility n te lastlysis we n nger lve in a pat o a cityt i a part power We live somewe in

te ierarhy Our actual rank ca be

certained by te scope o our rave Power

i me maniest by te neessity o being

reset eac day at a icreasig number of

les - bsiess dinners, e - stated

rer ad further apat frm e another.

e peple at the tp the mdern

ieary are tse who appear three

ierent capas in te ourse of a sigey

SADG BACK FROM H TY

SCTACL

Te spectacle as it makes its bid or total

iegraion can be seen t lie n both the

aal oganisati of cites and in the

setng p o a sable infomation system. A

astion amewrk t secur te esting

nditins f lie. hus te t ting be

done is stp peope denting th theirenrome a wit the stereyped

beavir patterns thrus upo them.

ially tis means seting apart a smal

mber o areas were people ar fee to

rela ad to reogise temselves and one

ate as they really are We are gog to

ave aept the period reied ies or

sme time ye bt the way i wi we

aept tem a be caged straight away

istrst of these airoitioned brigy

loured kindergatens, te drmitry citiesof east and west must e sprad Only

when te masses awake ca te quesion

nscusy reating entire cities be raised

FEEDO

The most imprtat single achievement f

ctemporary t paing is t have mae

people blind t he possibility what we

ave caed nt ubns by whih we

mea a living criticism fed by all tetesions o te whole of everyday lie, f tis

maipulation of ities and teir iabtats

ivg criism meas te seing up of

ases o a eperimetal ie: te ming

tgether f tose w wat to create teir

own lives i aas equipped this ed

hese bases cant be reserved for ay kind

of leise separted m te est f sa

life. N spatioemporal zone can be

cmpletely autonms. Tday ter s

cstant psse om wrl scety n isxisting iay rservatins' Prsse rom

satonist bases wil, hweve, be exeed in

te opposite diectn they will funtin as

bidgeeads r an nasio of the whle o

everyday life Unitary urbaism is he

opposite f ay d of specialised activity a to accept a separated sphere o

baism' is to acept all te lies ab t

ity tday all te lies abut ie in genera

It is appiess that tow plannig as

pmised I wil be udged ardigly oordinating atist ad sientiic means o



deuncation coul le to total expos ofcotemporary conditong.

6 INVASIO

All space s oupd by the enemy. We aelvng uder a permanent curfew Not justthe cops - the geoetry re s wllst y casg te occpyng oces o

"_:=_=�� _=.:",, disapea fo a sal number of paces. :': _.. Tt wll e the egg o w we e- , : y costucto he cocept of te 'postve '0" .� • -

vod coed y moder pysc ght pove

'

J

lumatg. Gng or eedom s tefst place ppng of few ces fo thefac o doesticated pe

7 VER

Uitry urs wll rascrie the woe

Ieoetcal le of town plnng; suvert i s means o dsaletion We st lwys be

o or guad gnst te pogee ofof codtong turn ther sogs

.

CDIIOS OF DERSTDI

AOER

Te oy ng tht s of pclportace s the esoon o or

dl prole ou ow selflsto or escape f te ,.I •solto Ths s th oy hg tcssry Nothg el�

RAW MATEIALS AD HI

AFOMAO

e staonst destucton of eo"Icodtong s multaneously teconsucto of stuatos. t s teof h odlss ene trpped srfc of everydy lf Clm"'plag whc could e see s alotgeologcal strta of es upo les llth dvt of try uas e y s of deedg a lways p"do sttg fom the oet wdvdls wo s sch h\e yet to eor wll egn to costrc freey tow ves and er ow hstory

1 0 D Of PROY O

CODIOG

W no syg ta e mst ret tny prtclar stg before codtoiggan t th tey us pass beyond i.We ve inveed n rchtectr see vso of the cy wc cnot realsedwtot the revoon of everydy lif wtot the approprton of te mes ofcondtig y veyoe the edlessecet of these mes d therulfle

KoanyiNnegem, IS , 191



ards

ut.

on

u

HNRO VRYY L

dy veyday life i ay ohe

e a a of cagng oud o

y e ponle ould be condemed le

ading and ig eeca ace

a i an exeey copace

r f a reaionhp roho a

y ae eco of ociey hold be

ed a a pa of everyay fe

eciali he 'hma cence aenly ncined o exac om eveyay

le a acually appeng e a

a oen ad o afe her eperiece

pra caegorie hch ae ad be

l-ee I habi all o

aly e abi of empoyig a nuber of

C conep a i coce

ced by e dviion o abo ic

de eali beid a body of prvleged

vio.

I fa e realiy o ha e ae call'eryday lfe ay ell emain ypoeical

a condeable be o peoleEveyone agee hoeve ha vau

ee epeaed evey day openg a

o illng a gla ae perfecly real.

B ee ere eem o be o va ad

poa a o eaonably i

ld be objece ha hey ae o of

cen ne o e il he

ecaliaio f ocologcal eeah Ad

e ocologi eem ncied o pe

e Lefebvre definion o everyday fe

a "aeve epeiece emai once allecalied avy ha been elmaed

Socoog beig ach-pecali

hemlve ca ee oig b pecalie

acvie e\eyee. veyday lfe i alay

mehee ele meoe ele i ivg i.

nd oeve hey ay be hey ae cealy

o ocologiT beay a chonic eed fo he

ecry o a ay of hogh bae on eaica epaaio of he ole of le io

dvded and bdivided aea he cocep

f eveyday lfe emaa ad a o e

eeced a uele and 'cde peciely

becae i ece al a i lef of eal

oce a be caed ad caaloged I

call aeno o a edue a mbe of

eople do a o face becaue edue ao eeen he pon of o

e wo o epeience ea e m

ae a aliclve dgeme ad eve

poceed o o oeng abou I i

becaue o he poeio o oe o moe

om o clal pecialaon a vao

nelecal pde eeve o ha eyonly eleve be er peoa

pacpaio n e doia eco o

ocey Hoever a he ae i her

pecaao ha p e i a poion

hee ey cao avod eeng e alag

exe o hch culue ha decayed ad

allen apa Waeve e ay fee ao

he value of h cle a a ole o abo

he vale of ceai par of i e aleaon

ha mpoe o ee iellecal o

have made e beieve ey hold apoa iio i he eary o oe

2



and that the are set apat from he eveyday

life of the est of the populatio huhhey hml wr n rots

hee ca, however be o dobt abo

the isten of specialsed acities At apaca tie the can even oe ositivadvaages hat shoud be acknowedgd ina deysed wa Eveyday lfe s ot

everhig even though its peato ofspecaised activties is sch hat o one caneve ally get away it Everyday life -to se a facle image is a the cente ofeveything ese Eveday lfe is the measu

of all things: of fllmet ather the faiof huma eaionships; of the use of lvedime; of atistic epeimnt; of evoltioa

politics. is o good st repeatig tha he

Elightenen image of the disintested

scentic' observe is pue nonsense in aycase objective' obsevaton s eve less

possible in this context than awhee elsehe rsa to accpt the stence of

eveyday if stes o only o the factthat s the nevtabe eengpace ofica socioo ad conceptual

elaboaoay eostuction of cultu andpolitcs

Today, to fail to criticise eveday lfe caonly mean o accept the contied existcoffos o cue ad poitics which ae

rotten o the coe ad whose cisis, faadvanced in the most highlyidustialisd

counties is expessed by mass eolliteracand y mass poliical apath Altaivel

adica ciicis of everda ie as it stads ad citicis in cod lead to aspeession of cltre ad politics i theitadiional sese at is to say, to oe

highlevolved foms of contolligexpeence.

f ou eveyday life is the oly real ife we

lead, then why is its ipoance soinstinctve and so ctegocay denied bythe expets? Afte all ey have no

pacla eason o do so Many of th

would even clam to be i favor orecreating the evolionay ovement

It is because eveday life is so thooughlyimpoverished And fherore becausehis povety is in o way accidental. It is

eforced at ever moment b the epresso

and the violence of cass sociey; it s a

povert oganised histocaly o meet hedemads of the histoy of exploitation

2

The use of eveda life, seen as theconsmption of lived tie is dctated by

scacit the scarcit of ee tme itself ath scarcit of the possibe uses of this te

Jus the accelerat histoy of o ts the hsoy of accumulatio ad

ndstalsaton the ackwardness of

eveyday lfe - its tenden 10 eain staK- is podced b the aws ad the vesed

interests presidg ove his industralisatiUil ow, everday life has poved sistt

to histoy. i i h r l j f hiy insofar as it has eethe hertage ad the poject of a societbased o expoiatio.

The utte povert of cosciosogasatio of huma ceaivit in evey

life expresses tbe ndamental necessi o

unconsciosness ad sticatio to asocie based on exploiatio to a alieate

soctn this context, Hen Lefebv has

xteded he idea of unequa develoetand apped it to e\eyday ife

charactesng i a a backwa sctor ofhistoy, out of oint but not competelyspaaed its cotet. he level o

vday life could indeed be descbed as

colonised secto In terms of wold econowe know that derdevelopmet andcolonisaion ae inteelated factor

Everhig sggests that he same applies he socio·ecoomic strctue

Eveday lfe mstied in evey possible

wa spevised b he cops, is a sot oservatio he placid, good nigge whalthough they caot undestad i, actal

maage to keep coteporar societrnng, with th rapid growth of istechnologica power and e ireversle

asio of ts aket Hstoy that is t

say, e coscios tnsforaon of alcano a psent be used in eveyda ifeecause the men iving it ar the rduc of

a history ove which the have absolutely ocoto The theselves ae mang this

hito ot ely

Consciousess of ode society exsts ispecialised ad moe o less hemitc

fagmets Ths eveyday life, whe eve

qestio tends to e posed in ems o life asa whole, is ineviabl the kingdom of

complete igoacehis societ through the natre o ts

id

vtaT

d

be

a

f

and

ifela

Thcon

lif

sum

tec

va

atfac

an

the

as in

isb

Im

indT

to

oiso

cee

t

fo

sp

ce

etiad

w

safo

dd

w

i



j

has ade wok ose ay sense it

had No give patte o behavou hasie ay te elevace to everyay life

s scie is tending towas the

c of yone solated consumes

t who couicatio has bee

de copletely impossible So everyday

fe is rvae life: the real of separatio

setacle

h, he dede!opment of eveydayl ot e chaacteised soley by is

ibilit to pu tecnolo o use

s fcor is iportat, but oly partia,

seqece o te aieaon of eveyday

a a hole a alenatio tha could he

ed p as he inabiliy to invet a

tqe for eein eveyday xistece

eolo hs i fact already modifed

os asps of eveyday ie te domestic

te telehoe, televisio, ong-playing

rs ass aitavel, etc, etc Thesefcto coe to pay by chace,

illy wihot anyone havng oseen

teir iteco o hei coseeces But,

hle there ca be lie doubt that his

icto of technolo wose cotex

is, i the las aalysis one of aonalsed,

eactic capitas is tending to

oversh stl he what lttle

idepeece ad creativty people had eft.

he New Tows emplf the blaay

ttlitai nat of neo-apitalistic social

istio: isolated dvduals genealy

islae iti the faewo of the faily

cel ca watch ther own lives beng

eced to edless repetitions of the same

\al gst, o top of which they a

fes to cosue a equaly-eetitvectacle

Oe ca oly conclude that people

esor the sbject o thei ow eveyday lives

ease they ae well awa jus how

teriigly empty hey ae, ad a the same

e ecause soone o late, whethe theyadit it o ot they feel tha eveythig

ich ealy teested them eveything hey

ely waned and which they were forced to

crice to the way society fncios, was

fcsed thre. and had nohng whasoever to it specialsed activiies and

distrctios Cosciosness of the ee

ted i eveyday lfe and o its possible

cess i in�eparable from coscousess of

t povety of the pevaiing ogasation of

life Oy the visible exsece o hi� wasted

weath ca enale oe to dee eveyday life

as penuy and icaceatio.

n these cicumstaces to evade he

political oble posed y the povet of

eveyday life ca ony mean to evade he

compete bodlessess of one's own

demands to live life o the ll demands

which cold not ead o anythig s tha a

iventio of revolutio itsel. eedless to

say a evason of poics o this eve s inno way incompatibe wth being a active

Labou Paty worke or a cheey militant

some Maxis, otskyis o aachist'

faction

n fact, ethig depeds o the

intasigece h which oe is prepad to

as oneself How a ivig? How sased

am my lie? How dissatised? Ad

this means sg the solicitatio of evey

fom of advetisig whethe it s designed to

persuade us that we ca be happy becauseo he exisece of od o because o Fairy

now or because of ee Lagactil

he epession ctique of everyday ife

could ad should also be ndestood as the

critqe whch everyday ie would make in

absolute ters of eveything exterio ad

ielevat to itsel.The queso of he se of technolo i

eveyday life and ayhee else s ineviably

a poltical question (of all the ossibilities of

technolo those wc ae beig developed

at the moment have al been seeced as a

means of stretheing the positio o he

uling class) Science cton's verson of a

tu, whe intestella adventre coexss

th a eestial everyday life bogged do

i the same ateial squalo ad the same

antediluvian oality, eas prely and

simply that thee wi stil be a cas o

specalised rules usig the proletaian

masses of acoy ad oce to he ow

ends I this pespective, the eploration of

space far o beig a aventre s omore than e entepise these ule ave

chosen the way they have fod to

univesalise thei cazy ecooy and give the

divisio of labour a cosmic dimension.

What s pvate lie deprived o f lfe

itsef, which is cruely absent People cold

not e ay o depived of comunicato

and sf-alisatio tha they a Tey are

in a word, epived of the oppotuny to

ake heir ow histoy ypothese about

the aue o is penury ca only be worked2

And ye everdywn o e ndnoo d lo o peoe "we' e be oree er m eole o', cue aeredy d

Go Ntr 1 968



l y!! O yit w l!!

GraHi/, Nnerre 968

ou n e fo of cul pojec of

ece he pjec of dfere

lfele; e pojec i fac of any o of

ye l . Aleraiely if we ee

eveydy le a e frer bewee eomaed and e no-domiaed eco of

le ad hereoe a i mo prblemaic

e e vay impoan we cee

i repcin e peen heo by a frieonaly ex i eery deoceeely cen e pobliie.

Tody, eeve he Qeio of he

ey o ved expeece ae oer heue of d fo exple poed in he

oly e a aleaed oe cpble of

n e of deuded epoul o fed pojec e of xon nddeendece Th pple equaly o he

peali coepo of love whch i ee

vey uc he e way a dr. Paoi enel i oeied a a sg

oo, dred oward one and onlyoe oje Even h n deiio ii raed a dee no he

phoey comenaon of he pecacle LaRoeocad once obere: "Ofe pe evon oele excliely y oe vce i e c we ae evel

oher exeely oruie aemeif i ol peuppoon e rejeed adi i oo bak on fee a e bai of apoe fo he ll relo o u

cpce

A hee pole conce decly

bece he ne of ou e deened

boh by he ppence of he poeripjec he boo o la oiey ad

he non of huma hory nd lo

evbly, by e iee reace whch

h pjec alled o d efoed

by e d flueThe c of eeyday lfe i par an

e o e e orm of apialm' crii fom w o unnoed by oe \aryWle who are l reoy compun

he de of e nex cyclical cri of heeoomy

oden cpl v che hae

bee ccuuled he expee of allformer ale ad a he ommo efeence

of vou couno pole

o eplce he by y oher whaeer e

ne unl e v poe of modern

idry ec he vey nd albu beerk oday are conolled raioally

d pace he evce of eveydy li

The malaie of coempoary cv,

o cey fel by he yo, c/

ded voed d aalyed a eermome. In h conex e ci of mj no ccen c cvy hadalway bee aloe n i deanin fhe ee pblem o eeyday lie

alhoh endn larelymyied ad deormed Moder r h!

eey bee e ee of compleeerco of all form of aiic p

ow leiue defne eeryay li&

c a f o oe han o T

boe ou by y eo of e ec

developen o e cocepo o

e Fo clc cpl, e

e h o devoed o poducon

aumuao nd o hf Te lay mrl!

uh i oreoi chool inrafed i a rule of le o ppen oeve

oden capialm hoh n unexp

n of eves a been forced o ood me h ome d ad o 'ise

e nd of ln (of coue i

expro qe ly meane) e coon of poduco aomied cloced o he nh deee hae beome

nue ha hey ca no loe be

je ll e e moal whch

hrouh adeii dominae he mend deemie he peacle a a oe

ofee wih diami cdou h e

me whh S ed he ime pe

o Wo ca oly be jued by he

o of e oney you e o o by coue nd enjoy a ae eee e ced a corolle

by capalmo adm e phoe of he co

ee moder uy conje up

mainan i anic expao o admi

epne of lee a e ml eve eUn any aiaco i o pe

ueon: \h o o e wol o ed? \h excly i he wealh of a ae ocey?

Te for ce he ouraed ce o

e lef he uppoed he o ocl

pciple poed y un conceo pve conon l'mca! The

ely ay need o hve diee Heel

ad he wole of x o ele ay

oc hh be dve bc byfly a vd mare ha oh



y

ern

s o

lifeIS

nt

it

t

d

e

y

..tsoever d wt the sociaism for

"ic te worke mvemet was ghtig

raucaic ue o Rssia shld e tacked n thei tacics nor on their

tsm bt on e nly undametass te (a ha peoles lives emain

�tly t same as ey always we Nor isis se cc cuse dogging an eveyday

if tt is omed to mai reactioary It fe ipsed eveyday lfe by a

Kie xteral fe - by e pwet ad its specaists wateve thee der wic they bsly pla a! its guises

e fact ta many former let·wigactivss ave droped out pliics, ta

ave witdrawn rm e aleaio fltcs t e alieatin of pivate ife,

st js mean that they have ee vy s a escape m e duy o thelioay' hy have dopd ut

se plics IS a specalised activitilaed by ter peope spe

we te ony real resposibilty ayoneever ad was tat f deegatig al

ssblt t leadr5 ove whm they had t; te very spere n wic th

i cmmunist project was betraye and

lieated Te private and public cant be

cey opose to eac the for te very

rso tha oth sectO5 a equaly

liete Te task of the new volioaryveet will be precisey t ascend teitism e poblem of aienatin mst

see dialeccaly a the possibili ofe fs f aleaio occring constantyi te very suggle agais alieaio mst

emasise

were as capialist cvsato eeunte, tough it cotinues poduce

ts eemies eveyere Cosciosessf is w past defeats wi mae e next

se o te revlutinary mvement arre adical than eve before: is pogramme

s become more audacus as the

dctive segth of modern cvilsatneses Already is civilsat contais,i a latet sate, the maeria basis mssig all pevis tpa pojects heext atempt to atack capitalism as a wholel ave already iveed ad pt ito

rcice a completely new use of everyday

lfe. I will already be ba5ed n a dere

ifstyle becase we ow realise tha aycs f te nd of elatios between

people whch charceise contempay

sciey wi the vlutioay movemetitsel will lead impeceptibly to the

ecreatio f this sociey ielf, or to tcration of something vey se to it)

Just as the bougeoisie ig itsascendant ase, was orced to iquidae

eveytg transceding ife o eart

eaven etert . , te revotionarypoetaat - wic, by deiti canotacknwledge either a past o mdes be

fllowed - mst iiate ve moesystematicaly, everyting transceding

everyday lie r ate everyig whichcams to trascend it he specacle, he

hstrc' gest r remar, e gadr' oeaders, the mysteries f secialsat emmortaly' f at and its imprtance

sepaae from life n other words, it musepudiate all the sbpocs of eteitytat ave survve as weapons f the rulig

class.Revoltion shaering the psent

resisace f everyday ife t histoy wl

create cdins allwig !he p

da e and esug te cnstadomiati of te ceative over te repeitive

Te aspects of everyday life expessed bythe ccepts of ambigut

msuetaing, comprmise msuse

will decline i mpotance as that f thei

pposites ascends cscios choice adgamble

The crticism o lagage caraceistic o

moern art apeaig at te same ime asthe metalagage f macnes te

buaucratic language o bueaucatchegemoy - will e be speeded ymo higlyevolved forms of

communcati he cotemprary ccept

of te decpherable social text will lead

ew ways f acually writig te sca text

itsef. A new iestle, a ew use of eurban evironment ae amog te t aaso epeiment for a revoltiay goup e

pimay poducto of a evotionised

isy cld ly be te encmet ofveryday life y meas o permaeyevolvg games

Today, te permanet recreatio f

eveyday life cano appen spoaneously

as a natual activity It mst be part f aconscous pject, dertake amdt

blatay epressive conditios andundertaken to wreck tem

31



TH HAVN OF H

SPCAL AND ESIRE

AEe isr Ctris but t be se i

Sas er vsigate te pssilits ber ilsati ise. A toog std asbee et t elesiwh accordig 10 heeas oes wpssibiities f leiseactvis a e wasving te faiast this eno nd ses atn

[e Me, 15 April 1 962

Feer ss e act gs

alieti the plicti f

e wor no a rlios,iaa wld ad a ae .. But te fc tt thsecar daton deaestsel ro tse astblses itsf i te usas den a isral �paed te sef·leava a sforarss tsl bsis Th ltt mstite e/r irs destd tctiti lutiis

acc s rnsace e eafaily is isve t b thesecrt of e o l er s ten tsel itcis i the rvlonse in ric

Mr 84

No cutual avant·gade, nt even one

wih eotonay smpahs can

acomsh ths No moe can an

eoutona a oncev n tadona

ems n en f t accods cua

motance t the tque o cutue (e the

bo of atstc and concetua os th

hh a s nes ts on natu and

te se o le) The m s thsye o cutu and otcs he ntees

nobo and n ne h eoutna

ansmatn o evda e s not

esev o some haz te: the nghtma

of fe toda makes t eveyn's mostdesae most scea bem. he

atenates a hadl attacte Ethe

mmeate sel·destton th the egane

a Jacues Vach o a se juSI gng

and gong to see once and a This

tansfomaon mak the end a one

a atsc exsson stoe n the om f

comotes at e same t a mak

the end o a secased otcs

5 no. 6, 1961

32

THW

he

age

begn

ae a

nt

ad h

xsts

outh

even

t

Brb

D

arc

k

ogan

an o

h

h

soce

ecn

A

neoun

dssa

d

e a

st g

the n

Esn

et

st

an



A OL AYS

old o te se as eaed is w os o ssa ainn to bra out vryw. s! ytin bt ll non, sn te olt t sctacle is to otray nivsal yotic sbisson Bt sstan ad it is seading

yon knows abot t llion ot in t ily-inusialsd onties,'n i ty ont ndtand u aout tilin oals suc as Soilise n Pais and Corepndne init ave ublise lldountdils o annt sistanc os a wo (aains t olnisation o wor), on doiisaion on t oss o ait in trad unions,i av bcoe no oe tan aans or integaing wo intoity and an additional aon in tno asnal o buraurati aitalis t ol os o oosition val ti

itivnss, o or on tun id an eoe a o t xitin odiatisaction is sading undgroundircibl eating aay te oundations o aunt society Mas d Mole' isstill bng away t gos sil auts allt n an annies o ou tlvsdlsino Castl os olitial ists willl away te ont ors ouncisist an wild o

irs attts to oganis t classical

rtaiat aond nd o e igeenand ginning o t nintn nies

wee ed by a io o solatd,iinal' ations aing to desty tains i we doing ole out oti o. W a no in a siia eiodo vandalis aganst e machs fouptin, wic a ut as iv inoing us out o our i It is no dsttionitsl tat is valable o cor bt tsal o subit wc ll ulaey baabl o ansoing its ino a stiverot o onvting tese ains s

a way tat y iase te eal ow on Qit aa o avoc og bynag gangs can ntion sveaotbas on t a o o ta aqt inoensible o t oint ovw o traditional deands.

On 9 Fbuay 1961 in as, atoywoer og out o t day sit ound otas to ta t o te dv w allout on a wldat ste becase svea ot ad bn sacd woes so

tr solidaity i e ss y toingvarious otils at te ocs o t acoany ollowd by eol bobs ise ire to at o t a sation n yned seval buss ad successuly ldo i and een ubeg seeltousand ty sa out tog te itysasing so windos and non signs.Later ta nigt toos ad to b alld into soe la and od, and tans vdinto Nals is totaly sontanos and

ailess donstaton was obiosly a ditevolt aganst t tie asted in aveling to

33



nd work, wic is suc susnil

ddon o h s i wg slvry

modn s Afr brkng ou n

sons o or ggvio h vol

imdily bgn o srd o h wol

dcor of consur sociy, nwly sd ovr

h rdiionl ovy o sorn y As

juvnil dliu hv sown s, sho

wdows no sgns h smi os symbol d h mos gl

is in his doOn 4 Augus i rn siking in

Mrbh ckd wy-o c

rkd in fron of h ngmn

buldngs. vryo ond ou wh

mzmn h hs s ry

blong h min hmlv or o i

ns Wo cn fl o s n s,

ui fo sons wic lwys

jsi ggrssion o h r of lod gsur of slfdfn gins

h rl o of osu lon

W h on sk Lig

dcidd, o 6 nury 6 o dsroy h

rsss of h nwr a e, y

d wi xonl lr-middnss i

hoosg o k h nm ssm

wld by hr ms vry wy of

sng iformon ws hr

nds of h govrmn or os o

bosss of rd union nd socilis yburucrcis, nd his rovd o b

rcisly h rucil oin in hir

sruggl ir sysmic xluso

our onsousnss, r odno

o dsr wio Aohr

syom of sm iu owds h

i is o b found i folowg

smn from h ion of Fnc

jourlss d rdo nd lvso

hns, 9 ry Our flow

ros d hnis who w ovg

h dosro o ursdy nigh ws on b e c sn s hey awh RT his f s signicn is

wy h R h T fl y us

s o gn e / /e d hnan dd ec in which hi e hl .

,

Howvr, dsi s s s o gh

bck gins h forcs of ondioning w

nno fford o clos or ys o h xn

o wc h l oninu o rov

sussl o ml, w bginng of h yr Dsvl ms

3

dlgd wy of hr numbr o go o

gr srik, hy cos o gh cordi

o h sculr uls of ny bylyng o h rkg o of

srs hy fld, s y wr ou o

o Thir only of suss hd i ir dig ir olciv io,

whv cos, byond on in wos

duio hy wr odg u ilisd ll fors of sudooosio o i

hv so ffcvly srd alamena

sacl ids rvoluiory wokd o fog h nin mus l}

b k o rs minimu: sd s i

s ossibl. A s i, owvr i

s' oly ndusrl wos wo r

bgng o gh b gs h grl

slo s ry, o WofggNuss lcd sl d in h Brln

nwsr e Abed gig wy idniy of killr i lisio dciv

si whh d b kg sss i

susns for wks Ths ws uly

ufl i of sbog

T ck w s workrs'

ov hd gs h wol

ognsio of old wold nsd log

go, nd ong c rig bck o lf. I

fld o whou cvng s

rsuls u hs wr no h

origilly hd in md No doub sdvso o ly-ud suls s

gnrl rl for un cios, wh

forms xcion o is r is ru

rvolionry mon h on of

quiv l, of l or ohing. \ us

sudy h lssi wok' ovmn gi

hou y ilusons iculrly wih

rsc o is vous oliicl d sudo

oril is, sinc ll y hv inhri

s s fiu T n susss of s

movm s ndnl flrs

rfos r og o owr of sbrurcy d i flrs h o

or Asurin rvo) sn fo us n

for h r s on succsss Tis

sujc ms b rcisly lod in i.

On oud sy h h lssl works

mov gn w ys bfo

o foudig of h nionl, ,

h lnk-u of omuis gous

dirn couns wh Mrx nd is

ids ognisd m Brssls i 184

And i ws coly d fr flr of h Snsh rvoon,

id

Brl

W

hs p

stratg

rvolu

neglec

examin

luov

whos

sod

t ex

enorm

bout

ttitud

Itern

the C

Spain

Nor spract

No,

qus

Its so

of te

w

have

years

It wi

unde

clss

vesa

th m

b

Bs

the r

y

hod

n

oss

v

n

W

f

v

nd

of y

w

ho



g

ent

to

"

lismt

ander

ys

ittle

t

"n

gt

t

ed

itey afer e May Days iela i 197

e st rdsover e woe tt abo iod l the ain atal andec debates beeen differet groups ofoares all the possibilities teyleed at te ie shold e e-ied: e-eamied i te igt of te

filue of the whole tradonal revoutonaryet. ax s oviosly te t persn thought ust be redsovered nod ts pese u duy i view ofte te of the douentatio and heeit o the lies that have een old hi We mst aso reassess tetiue o te anarchss in the FrstIteaonal Baqism, Luembourgismte ucl oveet in Geray andS Kstadt te aknovsts, e

Nr should tere be any msake ao teactca pone o e topian soast. as shold be obvos s ths jst aeo of a whoe lot ore ook to radIt ole urose s to elp in he construtionf e ew evoltioay oveme te voluionay oveent of whch weve seen so any sgns ov te ast fewa iludg lat bt not least ouevesIt ll be uttey dern We stestad these sgs y rfere to elsal volutoary projet and ve

. We ave to ediscover te istoy ofhe veent of istoy iself w asee so well oneaed ad distoedeides when all s said ad done it is onlyte vooary poject pls a feweeetal artstc goups wch ar, y case, generally pre cosely lnked to t tht ofe ay ope of trly lving a alltday: wh alo\ s to take an obetveitees i oder soe ad i teoiblies i otas

he s o ote way to be atfl to, ove to udertad, or comrades o he past to enve the prbe of revolutiony does this see so dfcult? tartg te eperiee of a ree everyday fe ta s, o e sear fo feedo

eyday le t s't so dlt a al tat

d oeover t seems o s tat a numberfyoug people today are qite actelywe of ths Ad to feel i srongly eougheables s to redisover, o redeem, Wn

s hsy It is not diult fo tis nd ofthught whih s prepard to qestion

everytg ta exsts t s eog not oave e piospy as alost allphilosopers a\ or ot to haveabandoed ea oppositon to oeoely as alos all polta activsts aveAnd those wo have ot abadonedplosophy, ar ad polics wil id ta allthree lead o te sae transcedene It s

only specalsts whose indidal powedepends o the power of a wole socey ofspeialsatio wo have abadone tecc tut of te varos isples norde to enjoy the moe postive wages ofther Bt all ral fors of researcflow togeter nto oe totali ust as realpeople get togeter one moe te \0 ty oesape fom tei pehistory

any people anot beleve n tepossbilty of a new revoltoay ovee.

They eep o repeatg ta the proletaratas een tegrted or tat te worng assis qite happy wit e way tigs ae todayhis means oe of to things. Eihe tatey theseves ae qite hapy wt teway tings a in w ase we w giethe sometig to be uappy abot, andthat whou futhe ado alernatvely,ta they nk they a aists' or sometig in w ase we will dispel ther illsonsby sowing e tha the ew proeaailudes almost everybody

te sae way apoalpt ears oopes as to evotioary oveetsappeang in olonised o semcolonsedcontres neglec one vta ac therevoltonary poject ca only be realsed ithe igly-dstrialised couies A ntilit is igly-nstialised evey asovement the deeveloped zoe wllbe doomed to follow the model of teChnese revouon wose b coiidedwit, and wose sbseqent �voution was

detemied by, te iquidaton of eassial workes mveent hat is tue ishat hese wars of atioal libeaton eve ifhey ar canalised by e ueaurat

Cese ode pevent equlbu n ecofotaon of the two grat power-losad make any dvson of e wold by theirrulers nstable. t te safety of the akesin e global poker-gae is halleged jstas eftivly by the internal disequilibof te acoies of Maese and ast

Berl . .Te small gops o eels wo soeow

35



maaged to live thogh te destuction ofth aditional workes' movemt thoughth horribl iony that red i viilit itothe mainstay of a totaitaan stat) maagedto had dow th u of wat ismovemet aly had bn b oly in asorcal and almost acadmc fom Anonoable esisnce o volece as kept its

traditions itact but has ot been abl toadjst and bcom a livig foc ocemoe. e fomation of w ogaisationsdpeds o a mor radical critiqu acrtqe xpressed i action t is a qestoof beag competely with id idolo whos safkeping so mayrvoltioay grops s as ir maifnctio a ris dr that is to sayMarxs critiqu of th role playd byideologis must b edeveloped It is

essenial o get away om spcialisedvolioary activit - fom the slfmysticatio of sios politics - becase,as anyo c see mastry o ay o formof spcaisaon lads n the mostintligt popl to bcom spid abot\rythg s; so tat y los any ope ofsccss i th political strgge islf, snce itis insparabl om th poblms of orsociety s a whol Spcialisation adpsedosriousss ar among th mainefece mchaisms that th old wold ha�built i veyone's ead. A voltionayasociatio of a ew pe ll mak its beakwith th old wold by allowig, in fact bydmadig, a authtic ad creativeparticipation o e pa of all its mmbrs -istea of my sking its i or aparticipation measred soely i terms of which comes dow o esablisingt basic form of cotol imposed byconmporay socity th qatitatvcton of how log on works This

pssiona paticipao on th par ovyone s vitly cessay both bcasth militat o trditoal poltics thesposiblymined ididal who devoteshmslf, s codmnd to disappea alongwith traditioal politics itslf ad evn moebcause devotion and sacrics a awaysrewarded by ri (even i it is purlymoal athorit) Brd is ws

r-rir AwaysCops who accept hat al foms of

tradiional poitics hav faild otcircmstantialy b fndamtaly, mus also

accept that they can oly caim to be apr -rd if they thmselvesmpli a nw lifstyl - a new falling lov wth lif gain Nor s this making oflfsyl a basic cterion som wldtopanism wv tdioawoks movmnt appaed o it xplodeit can b sn time aer tm And today it

isn't jst a qstio of tyg to go as fa popl did in th nintth ctry t's aqstion of ryng to go a dm sight rhrOthwise th militat of ay froraisato wiJl fom o more than dullpopagada groups with, o dob vyjst, vry impotat ideas without aaudic to spak of Watvr th indyamic or xtal action of ayorganisatio uilateral spcaclartrasmission of voltioary doctin has

os any hope of poving ecv i thsoci o specacl, a socie thaoganiss massiv spctacs abot anhinat al ad simtanosly maks ayspctac watsever a disicy stomachtnig xpnc This mans tat yom o sp«ialised ppgda is hihlynly o spak o any actio when tetim for t coms, to play its eal pat i stls wh th masss no logr haveay alrativ

W mst suct what in the itntcentry was mean y he social war of

por he feelig of pr was evrwhein a th popsngs of th time, evrythig said by thos acivly ang in traditioal workig class movmtOn of th most rgen tasks bfor th Iand bfoe any comads worg in thesam diecton is dene our w pr

Ov th last fw yars a mbe ofmrican sociologists av playd almostth sam ol i xposig his nw povty atat payd by h rs opiaphilathrpis sv ctoy codtiosdring th last cntuy he disese hasbn vald, bt only n an ideaistic andarticial way ic udrstanding isgantd by prxis alon o can oly realydrsad the nature of th nmy byighting them (v. for xmple Kller andR Vaneigem's poets rsfr

o of sos rs i

p 0 d)

OU nw povy canno be defiedwithot dinng our nw (possibl wea.

W mucomcaptaowig dmao an pblicdi

tecos whcontmndsw ni bcontem

cworld ts poalmos

povpoiconfsto is othinto byad ttis afowayjorsam

aliaeathcarrionce



t

u opose te image broadcast byteoay soiey - accoding to which

tis as evolved (both naally ad

; t te essu of legitimate eoms

n om an eonomy based on pot

an nomy based on eed - byliising te dea o m s 0

is ould be ormulated as

loal soe ls the imagiation to t d be oe wi it Moeove,

a eoomy is o based o

s t is based o habits - habis tat

needs in he rst place but were

qe latanty manated by

tepoay soiety

Aeping phoey oppositio o the

ld oes ad i gove with believi i

n ies and theefore with ant deibeate reusa to see its ew

et Satrs disile Co is a case in

it. no. 88 of is Tps Mer, e

ow embaassed he is that thaks

s re a joualst, whih i th is

ing o write hoe about he a afod

te onsme goods ofeed him: s

an ps aboad, he says especly d

is at a time when tais a foed to ich

a behind te sold mass of as that

·e as bee foced to by and wen

ju abrad rveal no more than the

a boing spetale of e same bog

liaion spead ove te wole face of the t he same time he really ges

ied away aot 'the youth ike Sarte

e pon a ime wit his 'oa freedo of

cticsm of the USSR - of the only

evoltioay eeratios of Ygoslavia,

leria, uba, hia ad sael. Te othe

ontes ar old says Goz to sti his

ow debiliy. nd so e sdestes havig to

ake ay o he volutonay deisios

whch e yoth of sh outes ae

forced to mae, st as they a i te West

where ot eveyone s so old or S mu ite lmelgt where evey bel is\ itesuch a o

Fougeyllas the latest hiosoher to

ave 'ansceded Max, s somewhat

woed that wle al evious ajor

breakthghs in wod isoy have een

chaacteised by a change in the ode o

dction the couist soiety healdedby Ma would see to be wee i even

feasile no ore than an extesion of or

on indstial soiey Bak to te botto of

the class fo ougeyrollas he comig

societ wil no be based on indstial

productio a all It will be a wod of a

made ea Wat is his itegally ew pe

of odctio, th whh ou soiey is

eat (Mrxsm qi t s the

costuto of situaios the ee ceatio of

immediate epeiece itself

IS 7, 1963

37



OALTY ORKDS

Amos everone as alwas been excded

frm and forced to devote he whe f

their ene t sua Today he weesa imposes e mns o ts srvival i

the om of echlc cmts (cas,

zen ds, Wwyn Gae Cy

Shakspar teleised for e masses)

Moreover, te ogansatio controig h

mateial eqivaent of our eveyday ives s

suc that wha i isef wod enabe s

constrc tem icy pges s instead o

a xury of impoverishment magalieation v moe iolerable as each

lemet o comfot appear to be a ieratio

ad trns o to be a servte We are

codemed o te savery of wokg for

freedom.

To be destood this probem must be

seen n the light of ierarcical powe

Peraps it is't enough to sa that

erarcical powe has preserved umanty

o thosads yeas as ach eses a

oets by arresting ether growth or deay Itshud as e made ea ha haa

pw eesets he ms gy-evoved

form of pvae arpn and

hstorcal is ts alpha and omega rvative

appropriatio isef can be deed as

appropriatio of thigs by means

appropiatio of peope the strgge agaist

atra aenatio engendeing socia

aieaon

rivat appropiaon etais a

ranan aaran by wic itsradica contradctons ca be dissmated.

38

e exectves mst see emseves a

dgraded eectios of the maser hus

stenghenng, troug te oog-glass

an sy y, a hat rducs h

submssi and tei passii he maer

mst dnted wth te mc and

perfct ervant of a god or a trascendec,

whs substance is o more ta a sacre

ad absract representation of e tiy pepl and tings vr wc te master

exercises power that ca onl become eve

stroger s everoe accepts te pu o i

catio o the rea sacrice of the

worker correspods te mythica sacce h orgaiser. Eac egaes himse in te

other, the strange becomes familia a te

famiia srage ac is realised i a

nred pespective m tis commo

anan a harmo is bor a egave

hamy whose undamenta uni ies i e

tion of sacrce Ts jece and

pervee) hamoy s sustaed y mt;

s rm ha b usd to crctesete rgansati of appearces unay

socieies, tat s to say in societies were

pwr over slaves, over a tribe, or ove se

is ofcial cosecrted by die ahy

wh te sacred aows power see tetotait

e armoy based iital o the tof oese contas a relatioshi tat wasto deveop, become autonomos and desoy

it s relatioship is based o partia

en (commodit, moey productlabor force . . , he excange o o

onesf o

liby js

chnolo

garian

Whe

dsoy

apprp

capitl

Td rconc

of agm

tmp

o shel

sacred

A

ha r

rcpresc

he

s ma

o ma

mor

Br

legt

conc

ortho

suc

reorg

fo Sss

prof

vulg

wh

in e

sub

gr

cp

ae

ee

cum

ma

m

ou

n

be

of

di

im

'

o

g



wich th bourgeis ccepti o

li is based t arses as cmmece adl bece prepdrant in

type ecnomis

e te bugos sezed powe theyd its ity Sacrd pivative

ppiti bcam secuaised in

Cpiaistc mchansms The tali was

m its sizue by pow ad beamet ad iediat onc mre The eraetatin has bn a scessio oft�ts ecaptre an inaessible ity

lte power bhid a sbstite or the

eviary ovee is when al

t ty presents nds its iediate. Fr rst of the ie,iic pwer, aways more disat f

i al and mystical rgaia, edeavou ake every fgt ta the otaliy (no

ta reality!) xpses its impse

acrac caitalsm has fond tslate jsticaon in Marx. \ ar ot

cered wth assessig th r f

dx arxism i rinforcng te

rs of nocaptalis, whose presetgisation testifs to the greatest respec

viet ttalitariais The point is tos e etet to whi arx's ost

fd aayses f alieaio have bee

lsed in the ms commpace factsic bbed of their magic and ebodiedi eery estue, av bcoe te sole

ce, day after day f the lives f a

wig nber of popl Buaucraticptism ctais the selfevident rt of

ieati; it has bgt t hm to

'rybody far me succsslly than Marx

ld vr have hoed to do has beoecnplae as the dsaparane ofteial povey as mrly ealed the

dicrity f eistenc itself he extent f

r ipoverishmnt may have bee reduedi erms of mere ateral survival, but it has

ec ore profound i trs f our way ife - at least one widspread feeling ta

isiates arx fr al the inteptatonsposed by a degenerat olsevis. e

ey' o peacf coexistence has spe i

t t tse wh were stil coused:ster ca et on very wl with ne

anoer despite ther pctacla

divegees.

Any act" wtes Miea Elad canbece a ligous ac Hman istee is

reised smultaeously on wo aralel

planes, on that temraity f becmigof llusi ad n that f eteriy ofsubstac, of reaity" Dring th ineteenthcetury the brutal divoce of th w plaes

poved ta power would hav bn oreeetive if reaity ad been mantained in a

ist of dine trascedece T giveors is de i as anaged where

Boapate ailed, t dssove, bcming eternty and realiy an llusi th unin

may not be as satisfactory as t saraentf arage bt it

ad thats te ost

the ages of scial pac and cexistence

a ask of t Ad it also leads s t diouselves - caught the llusoy but

iscapabl pespectve of duation - as theed of absract temporaity as th nd o eied ime of ou acs. os it ha be

spelt to dee ouselves at the psitve

pole of alienati as t nd of ankindste of social alinatio?

he socalisati of pritiv huan grops

reveas the wil to stgl oe eectivey

agaist te ysteus and eriing ocesof nate to struggle in e atural

evirnent, at one agains and with tsmit the ms inhuman o its laws ioder to seize an exra chac of svival

to do s could oly egder a me

e'lved form f aressive deenc a ecomple ad lss pimitive atttd

mafestg n a moe evolved lvl tecontaditios at e forcs of nature

whc d be ileced whi they d

not be ontled, ever cas to impose. As

it becae scal the struggl against the

blid dminati of atu succeeded i he

easure ta it radally assimilatdpriitive ad natural aienatio, bt nate for enaon becam soial in

th sugle agains nara alaton Is i

by ae at a techical civilisati has

developed t te pnt were socialalienaton as been eveaed by is cct



wit te last areas of natral resistance ta

technica power hadnt managed (and or

good reason) o detoy? Today e

tecnocra prpoe to put an end to

primitive alienation overcome wi thely

love, ey exort u to perfec te technicameans whc 'n emseve would enale

to conqer death sffering sicknes and

boredom. But e mirace wouldnt be to ged o deat te mirace wod be to ge d

of sicide and te deire to e dead Tere

ae way of aoliing the dea penalty

wic make one mss t Unt now e

pecc applcaton o techncs to ocety,

whie redcing uantitatively the number of

occasion of sueng and dea, has

allowed death itef to ea lie a cancer into

te heart of lie

Te peistoic period o food gatheng wascceeded by the perod of hunting during

which the ans formed and strgged toenre their srval Hnting grounds and

reserves were establihed and ed fo the

beneft o e gop as a wole Strange

were banned aolutely a the welfa of te

whoe an depended on te observation o

ts bondarie So ta the ibery won by

ettling moe comoably in the natural

environment by more eective protectionagains is aard iel engendered its own

negation outide the frontie lad down by

e clan and orced the goup to moderate

it cutomay activie y organising itselation wit excluded and menacing ribes.

From the moment it appeared economic

surva on a socia bais engendered

bndarie retriction and conlcting

ight t houd neer be fogotten hat ntinow bo our own nae and te natre of

hioy have been produced by thedevelopment of private appropation: y a

class y a rop a case or an indidal

seizing contrl o a collective power o ocio

economic urvval, whoe form s alway

complex from e ownesp o land, of

teritory o a factoy o capital, to te pure

execse of power over men hierarcy)

Even beyond te srggle against regimes

wose vision o paradie is the cybernetic

welare tate, lies he necessity of a till

vaster truggle agan a ndamenta andiniially natral condition n te development

of which capilm plays oly an epiodi

rle and wich will only disappear wit t�

last traces of hierarchical power; or ese course e marasn e man.

To e a propretor i to arrogate a good

om woe enjoyment one excldes otpeope at e same time it is to gnteveryone te nal rigt of possessio

y excluding them om te e a/ iownership the proprietor maes tose

excldes emselves a pa o i prope

annexing e non-owne abolutely,

annexing the oer popeto relatively)

without wom moeover, e is notingThose witot propey ave no coice

he maer e proprietor apprpates alienae tem a te podcer of is

power, while the necesity of physicalsurvival force tem despite temelve colaborae in teir own alienation to

prodce t Tey ri a thoe whocanno e xcluded, they participate i

poseon rough te mediation of te

proprietor, a mytical participation ince

orginally all an and social relationsips

evolved on a myica basis slowly replac

te pncipe o involuntary coesion in

term of which eac member uncions

part o e gup a a whole ('organicinterdependence Their activity win t

stuctre o prvate apppiation guarat

their survival ey consolidate a igt to

popey om whic they ae exclded anong to tis ambiuity, eac of tem ees

himel as participating in prpey, a

living agment of te rght o poses

although the deveopment of any sc elican only reveal is o exclusion and

possession. (Chnic case of this aieati:

the aith slave e cop, the bodyga,te cenrion, wo trog a ort of nio

with her own death confer on dea a

power eual to te force of life, identii

n a dective ener the negative and

positive poles of alienation te absotey

obedient ave and te absole master) i

of vita imporance to he exploiter ta is

appearance is maintained and made more

opticated not becae e i epecally

Maciavelian, bt simply because e wa

o ay aive e organisaion oappearances is dependen on te srvival

the prtun ·

pos

exploi

Thus,

domn

a posi

unver

eeryreason

objecti

transc

wichtlea

lie

geer

6

The f

iconex

obeys

pivat

ito t

ter

th

cw

allow

a

ent

a w

acf

bt

mor

fo a

wil

ad

he

bet dim

'nec

A

c

mea

the a

e m

i th

to po

Impo

Shi



ic

tof

d

pietor, a svival dependent is

on he dispossessed, t reates eiili of stang alve whie oe slit ad luded om huma lfe iitially pvative appopiatio andato a mposed and expereced as

a ive rght, but in the fom of a negatve

u\'5ali. Vaid for everyoe justed in

e eye by dve law or natral!, the ght of pvave appopaion s

i�ed geel lusion, a unvesadence essental law unde

eveyone, indvdually, manges tote the lmits assged his ow gh

t li\ ad to the codtons of life in

gerl

6

ction of alieaton as ond i

ion o

J shold be undetood i this soate he labo of e dspossessed the ame ontadctions as the ght of

vative apopatio. t trasforms hemit the ossessed, into ose who producete on appopaton ad ae sponsible

f ter o exclsio ut t is the olye of srvival o slaves for serfs, forke - mch so that the actvi whch

l exstence to contiue y empng tf ll tet, ny, thg a vesal of

pecve that is bot comprehensive anditer take o a positive sese Not only

k bee vaored n the orm ofc�ce nder the ncen rime in its

talisig aspects n boueois deolo andi the aled popla democaces) butver om a vey early stge to wok

fo a aster, to aieae oeself w the best

11 i he wor beame the honouable -

vially disputale - pce of suvvale satfacon of basic needs emans the

e saead of alienatio; t s beslated o e gods of its

ecety.

ienato multplies needs bease ic ats noe today, a of satisaction issd umbes of ca iges s:

e alenatg obes have lost e ruse ande ystery of tanscendence they ae the

i Ieir ccrete povety. To be ch today s

10 possess the greatest ofipvehed objects

o ar svvg has stopped us lving.hs is why the impossbilty of srvval s so

impota hat t is mpossible can oly

beome moe an mor obous as omo

a oveabuae of the eemens ofsuval educe lfe to a single hoce siide

or evoluto

he saced eve presies ove the struggleganst alenation A soo as the olece ofhe relatonsp beween poe and

eploited s o onger coceled y e

panopy of mystcsm the sule agastalienatio is suddenly vealed as a rthlessandohand igh wth naked power

dscovered in its bruta trenth and its

weakness a vulneable gant whose slightestwod cofes on the agesso the notoety

of a Eostratus Snce powe srvives theevent remains amuous Destuction

sulme mome when the omplei o the

wold beomes tangble trspaet, with

eveyoes grasp revolts fo whch thee can

be o expaton those of the saves o ejq of the iconoclasts of the of

the F& of Kostadt o Asturas and

- a prmise of thins to come - thehooigns of tokholm and the ldat

stkes Only the estucto of all

hieacal power ll alow us to foethese. We ntend to make su that it does

The deterioration of mystic strctus andtheir slowess to geneate emselves havenot only made possible e pse de

on ad the rtcal penetatio of

insurrection hey ae also esponsile fothe fact that once the xcesses' of revoluto

a past, the stue gst ienatio is

grasped o a teortica plane as a

xtenso o he demstiatio peedngrevol t s the tha rvolt in ts purest ad

most athenti featres s examned ad

disavowed by the we dd't realy mea todo tha' of theoetcias whose job s oexpla an nsuectio to tose who reated

it, to those who intend to demysti y ats

not ust by wosAl acs opposg powe today ca o

anayss and tactal dvelopme Much ae expected of

a The new poletaat, discoveig ts

penry amidst abundant consmegoods (viz the developmet of the

working class strggles beging glad equally, te attdes of rebel

4



yot in a the higydustalsd

counts

b Countes tat av ad noug of thr

pa and tcked-up voltos adar cosigng pst and psnttotcias o the muse (vz tho o nteligentsia the ast

c vop nations, wos

strst of tecica myts has n kptaive by the cos a mcnas ofcolonsaton, te last and ov-zalos

mltants o a rascendence agast

wic hey ae h s ossbevaccnatio.

d T vigou of the 51 ( Ou das a inevyon's min" capable offoestaling motecntrled evolts

crysal nights a sheepsh resistace

Pvatv apoiaon is bod to tdalecic of aicla and geneal talm of the mysc wr e coaictionsof slave and fedal stms issove t

dsosssed ecld in ariclar t

g of possession, eea to ass hssvval og is labo: te mo

dentes wh h inteests of te ast thmoe sccessul wll be. He ony knowsthe oter dispossssd trough th coon

redicamen te coulsoy suendr ofabor foce (Cstany commnddvoay sueder oce a slav ofdis labou of is ow accod he was o

longe a slav) h sach or opimcodions o suviva and mysicalidenicaton Stuggl hogh bor of anvesal l to suvive s gagd on th

lvl of appeaces were it bgs intopay dntaton t te desres of th

mase a tdcs a cetan indvdal

vy of the asts amongt themselvsCompetito l vlo on s plan fo as

log as a myscal opaciy coins to

nvlo e stuctre of eplotato and fas log as te conditions prodcg tisconuso continue o exist; or alternailyfor as log as t stae of slavey deermes

conscosnss o sate of ealy. (Byobjecive conscousnss we stil undestad

conscosess that s conscos of bing an

objct.) The prpetor fo hs a s

focd to ackowlege a rigt o wic aloe s ot clude but which, howevr is

4

ahend o te level of belie a a segh whc s ssntial f he s to l

is own amogst he ote potor; t is stregt f in hs trn he ss tooc te xclusive appropao ofvythg a veybody e sees ss a ast an a svant a sevt lc good, a fr of te fat

t s segh is cwned wth glory aown and to hs oter pvlgs atat of dnyng on the level of aea�·te only lvl of ferece of unilateal

commnicaon vy ea o ers

aporato He ds tat anyone s gbt, e repudates otrotors. n the fedal erspecv poo s ot egated n apearacon e sa lvl as te dispossessed sla

soldies ctonais servas, etc elves of te latt a so sqaid hat the

majoy ca only live as a caicature of Mastr ( feal, te pnce t majooo th taskmaster te hh pst Satan Y t te isef s alsoce to lay a o a cacat

ca do so to scial ot: sitation of total e is aady caica

comtly isolated as e s aong toswo ca oly suvive. He s aready o ofor ow kind wit te adde ane aas eoch wth its sregth and its

osalga e too was waiting, jus as w awaitng toay longg fo th advent

w b cod becoe oe wih hmslf,whe cold himself once mo ote pathway hs total pedtion Cod t

aser at e on e aleates te

othes, sddenly als e was only axloer, a urely negativ bng. Ts s

ntr lkly nor desrable By ulg he

atest ossbl nbr of subects s' aow m o stay alve? Does o

m er ony o? (hate woldappe to he wok someone idn'tmloy t? as Vctoa tinkr lked t

ask.) In fact wha te po dos is to

cld hmself ocly fo all clam tovat arpiation To the sacc of t

dspossessed who throug his wokecanges s al lf for an appaent oo te lfe ta stos i kiling hmself

ad alows te maste to kl him insead

th propeor eples by appang to

sacc is natre as popeor axploe excdes hself mythcaly

pu

of

an

wi

ot

its

co

il

ev

sap

ta

tt

a

t



t self at t src of vyone ad}1 t the srvic fo amp of God is ol) Wi an additonal gsr an at wose atity baths him i anly rianc, h givs enciionit rm o myical ralty Reoucig life, e oor m amidstiUr wt wo scrcs himself o

wie otr ole oly gory werl e is te mor specacula is e boms th ivng reeenceit f th whole of iusory ie he highesi wic c b rachd in th scale ofi vls Wdraw vontarily' from mo mortls h is rawn towas rld of e gods ad o e leve ofarances (the oly gerl evel ofc t is faith in his articipaio ie ivni wich coscrats is positio i

iey of the othr opto I n thisation of trscendec he feuda tg osmosis e poprietors of or of roducion mtrl varyig is ed to lay th ricpa rol,t re e re!y dos lay i te economiciation o h survival of the gro So istec of te group is bond o every t te eistenc o t prprieto asc, o ose wo owig veything sic on vryboy, also foc evryone tonc ter i\es o e prtxt of thir ciation absolut nd ivn.F t god Prmes, ished by tes to e god Crist ishd by m,t sarc o popritor bcomesrised, oses its scrd ara, isnised) Myt uites rorito adsesse. t enveops hm n a como were he nessty of srva as anial or s a r\ilged beig forces tm li o t lvl of parces ad dert nverted sig of real life which is that of

ryy raxis. \ r sill thre witigt lv bo or aer a mystiqu agastic o evy gstr roes i ts veryissio

yt te nitry absole i which etradicios of th world nd a illsorysio te harmoios cosatlymons visio tht eects nd

trgts order - this is th ser of thscrd te xtrahum zoe wh amog

so mny oer wodrul evelations, her\ation of pvate aprpriatio s o obe fod Netzsche was \ery mch to heoint wh he wote; becomng is acriminal macipato om rna bingd its prc s death. Te bougeoisiclime o race th re Beg ofdism with Becomig, wie fct ll it

id was to deconscrae Beig d torcoscrate ecomig to its ow advatageIt elevated is ow cog o the stas ofng no oger tha of asolut prpb that of relativ aporiato: democratic and mechaicl Bmig witits oio of rogress of merit ad cassccessio The if of th roprietor hideshim from imself Bon to myth by a acof life or dath he ca only becomecoscios of his ow positive ad xclusiv

eoymt of ay good thruh th livdapparance o hs ow xcso - ad isni thrugh ths mythic eclsio tht thdispossessd will iscover th reaity of hirown exclusio? H ccets th rsosibiityof a grou he assums th roportions of agod He sbmts himsl o it bdictioad its uishmet h swaths imslf inhis ustity a wasts awy he mastr sth modl o he gods ad t hes Thefac of h rorietor s t tru face oPromehes a of Chrst - te fac of alltose whose spctacular slfsacric smade i possible for th vas maority om' o cotiue to scic thmslvs to xteme miority to thir msts(alysis of the rorieor's sacriice sodb worked ot more sbtly ist th cas ofCist aly he scce of the rorieorsson? I he ortor ca ony sm oscrice imsl on th lve o aprancestn Crist stands for e ral immolation ofis so we the cicum�aces leav o

oter aleative As so he is oy arorieor at a erly stg of dvelometa mryo little mor th a rem ofue poy In tis mic dimnsionbelo th celebrae mar of teornais ars, at th momen wh the1 9 1 4 war had made his dams come reat ast "r yot as is ittig has go toyield r oo Tis rther disstefitle gme before it too its pc i thmsum of rites and folklore knew hroic

riod whn kigs ad tribl chitains wrritually pt o dea accodig to teir will.

43



ASPIS·PRONIAGk nsurac Compy

THE FIRST ASTOPOICY

IN H WORLD

ECAL SPA RISKS

icl 2. Prods ill b yl th vt li da i s pat ta abiiy l r

a y rtffstril o bi

ii ttd si i il id Wr at d at i sa.

PE RSKS XL

l r wll b ayal:

a t t tt t isu trat t alwit t sUi i a ld dlbatl at t itrtios

o t Nil at a dmistrt (NASA) r ry as tso t t at

b In di t s tt y a·tilb od thi dttio liv y Eth o iiu t y.

I t vt o idi / t isu sto y h bis,d thi dttio liv ith o rh o r ii iod o/ th ys

Histrians assue s that these agustmays wee soon replaced by psones,slaves and riminals. They may nt get rany moe bt tey've ke the al

he nept f a common fate is based onthe sarie f popeto and dispssessedIn he wds, te cncept f te hmancondin is embdied by an ideal andtomented imge wse unctin is t solvete isolvable oppositin beween temyhcl sacce of a mni and e al

saie of eveyne else e non fmth is uni d make immrtal, in asuessin f stc nsts, te diale ofll-t-lve and its netion isunivesally domnant fatious uniy attainsts most tanble and nete epsentationin mmunicaion, patiarly in langageAmbiguity is mos obvis n tis eve iteveals te absence f real mmniation, ileaves te analys at te mery f idiousphantms, at e mecy of wrds etenal

and hangng instants wose contentcanges w te prsn wo uses them jst

44

as e notin of saie des. \henlangage is pt to te est it an n lngedissimulate h bic misndeanding ate sis f patiipation becomes neiThe taes f tota evon can beflwed ug te langge of a e,always menacing and neer llled a ntoxating and ill signs of te

ty orhdow, bt who s ppaed t tem sesly? Te dscedit f stkinglanguage is as deep-oted d instinti

susiion towads myhs not that eveYDdoesnt remain as fond f tem as eve Han key wods be dened by er worWat pases can sow the signs giving lie t te phrasegica rganisatin fapeaanes e best txt stil awai thjstfcatin Only wen a poem byMallarm becomes the sle rson f n a

f revt will e latinsip between eand lutin lose ts ambigi T awtand ppae fo is moment is nt manilate infomation s e st skwave whse sgniane ecpes eyn,but as te t peuon o act sll t

me

Bon f mans will t surive teuncntrollable foces f natre, mh is a

pliy of pblic welfae at as ouive tneessiy t as cnsidated itelf in itsanal steng, reducing lif t te sleimensin f srvival, denying it asmvemen and ttalty

Atacked, myt will uni all tat attksit. It will enul and assimilate it soone late Noting can withstand it, no ime nonept at attempts to desty tedminant spritual stctus It eigns overte psson f fat and id epeene

n wi impoes i intertavestu damatsatn. ivatensiousness s te oncousness ovedepeence that nds i exprssion on theevel f oganised appeaanes.

Myt is sustaned by waded sacfceAs evey indvidual ife is based n its wnenuniatin, ived epeence mst bedened as saie and recompense As aewad fo his ascetiism, te nitiate thpomoted woke, te specialst, te manager

new matyr annsed demcatiallyeeives a nihe aved in the oanisatin

apeaaalienadsappeats e

s a p

paaespet

and

eaine

1 2

Pvaonatoateelaibut aapuiv himpreanep

f inndn

eveteasligtanvmit an

ts

,r

li

o

li

t

m

"



rand

ibl.

-eymu

0

v s

y

Hws?

t

tty

i

n

,

is md to l a m in

liet Bt llctiv sl

re it ntry scitis, and t' lt day is t nct tsltin

pl srv tmls cs

. eore f nvsal

. See a va w n i ti tcti is fr m

t c e no mistn t

12

Pt if s dind imily in a ml

Ovsly t is crtd y t scil

ltiosis asd vtiv

iio, t its sstil m is

ted y e xssin ts

tinis. Unvsl byd sii

ut lys xsd, tis m maks

iti t akldd

i\ly m i vy is cdd

i eo $

I it fils t k t tt

isn it (a ssin is all

ti th o h pr

c ny eoe sis ly

Snd mmtd by mvmnt

vin t sn y i its

dtal ntraditi s dissimltd

h ds i ny sitiv jct ails t

ls e xis adical vehow ofte conditions li - ndits tt inerntiety a ts ivtv

iati tn it ill t stad t

sigst cnc of sain t tiy

ins vr he xss scil

tinsis t ill b ctd i

v esetive, ik t ima in a

i. n ttalisin ctiv in ic

it dits t ole of vybys i

n in ic ts rl nd its mytic

n lnr e distnisd (bt i d o yh) mvmn f

v appitin ha md ntvy

te only ssil m ssi if in

tiy is pened i a ntity

s it nd dns i mlly T k

l dy is lik talin in s

nd man Si t ky illt

iv s b lst, v andd

ogh te ids n ndss

slm Ts o still cct ti

hstin, ti sqo nd stnatin ci y just udn't c abt li s

asily s y cn al o s livi il

ti dsai i ac ti vyay

sts a nil i sld ke m

des y o t y f he oimanat Ts ims as t li

d flln i a e oer fld

ssbitis t he onqe ad

qd anma at one pole and h sin

d t r t t t smll itis sts is ly t m ld

d man s sntato ci

ad t's n y d and t

t t btcy no ed o liis Afte

all t s mn ve id avn acd

it arciabl a the swes

t gods, at i i ldn

asnabl t ask i d' di

cas s mc dt ms nd frscic asns it eve mmt o

livs

Pvv iati e dd

sntilly s t ppropron f tis by

mns arat l t is

t s and t trbld tr r al

reectins minl nd bl s ld ci

and innc panin he l

isy sms o v n aatisd

tl by bi bsed n a dldtmitin behviu: by an ono

dd sltin nd scice it

sjtiv and jctiv scts sctivly)

and by damntl daliy a divisi

between icl nd ra b

iiida and colltive bn vt

ad lic bn ttial d

tical bn siit and maal

twn intllal d mn tc tc

taiti btwn l

aa d ival xitistlts tt t maste has n s f

at is nd solad Th mytic m

t iptence d ucat occu

t 5a5 to sevants, t ll ts ant

stand o o livin s ty a t is

ilsy lcti ti artiiatin in

y, a natl ils si ty lly

d aict in it t daiy scic

t n cll ai r tt i

aniiy and labur k day sce

y tmslvs dc t y taexcdes tm mast imsl ca ly



clng to te otio of woassacrifce likeChrist to his ross an is nals i is p tohim to auetat sai, to appear toenonce is ight of exlsiv joymentad no longe to epopate with a prelyum violece (olence houtmdation) Te adeu of he gesueobsus its nital vioence, te obiy of

sacrfce absoles the waro brutalY ofte coqeror sies n th light of atscenence whose eig is immat, thgods are the itrasiget gardias of law,te cantankeos seperds of te mee adlaw-abidig ock o 'beig ad Wating-Oe-prior

Te gamble of trasnene and esacrifice eailed are he mastes gratstacevemet thir most accomplisdsbmisso o the necessity of coqes

Ayone e h brigad or at whoitigus fo power npried byrennao wil soonr o later be trakddow and lled lie a mad dog, o vwose lke someone who puus no othends than his o and wose conpton of'wok' has been rmed without givig adam wa anyone else may tik.pmann Ladru, etot balanig tirbdget withot tang ito acot tdefece of the ee wold, the sat or umaigity id sad a sportig chaneFeebooters gagstes oaws efsing toplay by te rles of te game distr tosewose osci s at peac woseosiosness is a eeio of myth temasers whe hy kill th imial or enolim as a cop re-estabis the omnipotene ofterna trth': hose wo dot selltemselves lose teir ght to srive andtose who do sell temselves lose her igto liv Te sac of te master s temax of humaism, ad lt it b

undestood once and fo all tha hs makshumansm te gese negao of al tatis hma Hmanism s te maser takenseiosly at his ow game acclaimed bytos who see is appart sacrice as aason to ope for salvation an o js tearatra rto o eir ow ealsacrifce Jstice digiy hoou, liby . tese words that yap or seal ar they anymoe ta hoseold pets wose mastershave amly awaitd teir omecomig since

te me wen eroc domestics fogt foth ight to walk tem on te steet? o se

4

thm is to forge tat tey a e ballallows power to se to se ot ofchAtre egme might well decide gipomoting sai i s nivesl fand bgn to tack ts wods do wp them ou If so oe could well ft lf ng engaged n oe mo plaia of words wose every pae

'sac of a pvous maste ad cll bt qually mythical saice o a new M

a lft-wng maste, a pow mowing dwos in the ame of te poetaratBod to the notio of sacie, uiis bo of te fear o bot masters adsavs t is te soliarity of a sitscadmay t those wo ave ect lhirarcical power a se ay word as

wapo to beat o t rhytm of teiratio atamot ad t iegalist

aarcss were wel aware of it; so wdadasts.Ts, th appprato beomes a

poptor fm th momnt pusownhp of people ad of thig in thands of God or of a unialtrasedence wose omnipotenc stradown o him as a g\e sanctiig hisslightst gstre. o oppose the ppietrts onsrated s to oppose od, Nat atio, e peope sho to eloself m te world in its ntety "Tca be o qestio of goernig and lss of beig governed ites MarcelHavren so pretily. o tose wo addvioln to his hmor there an o longb itr savation or damnation. The b o positio in te uiesaomprehesio of tigs either t Satate geat ecpeaor of the faihfl no iany fom of myt sie tey are te livingpof of its dudae hy we born fa lf yt o inveted; insofar as ty

ivd, it was on hs ope hat hy fnallyam to ief

wo coollaes of te singlasatio oftansndce:a f otolo implies transcedece y

otolo usties th being of maste and o iraal powwherein the maser is rtd idegade moe or ess aithfl imags

b Upo e distictio beween manaad ntellectal wok bwee practice

a tory is supemposed hedsintion betwee work-asealsarie

ad taPP

It s

amongst

and ut

th mud

the at

h Dv

m5tcsm�csIt sho

hiachtranscemystmyh tphilosowhch,hygcpainshmaof dmm�

Wh mthe aoly ty wha

elaouudo

Ithe appdsiwhidlio da

vtheasocthfofthfi



is organisao in te form of

ant sac.It s temtg to expai fasism

nt other asos as an a of fah U/oj of a boueosie haed by! r God ad he destructio o at, sace sctace vog tsef to! l, to a td mysicism, a bac

csm th ts rtuals ad oloastsMsm a g face

t shold n\r e forgotte ha

cial wer canot exist toutsnence deolos ad myts

Dsicio itsef old be re nto a

}1 t wold be sufcen to omit, mos

soally ave dmystiao Afteh a emysicaio separateily to little ees, becomeslss ethanatic in a word

itaria. Were it not for te moveme

eystatio whi will ed bysing dmysies

te oeois evoutonaies acked hical ogaisatio o aeaances,

ttcked, qut spe temselves, nol te key oits of uitary ower but te

y onts of ay hierarcal power

tver. Ca is ievitale mistake

�li te gilt-comlex so typcal ofeois metaity? T misake was

edly evtable te i lac a mstake beaus oe

o o lis dssimlati privae

riatio was iee myh itselfisiegrate and a vacuum was revealed

h old only be le by poetry ad

liios lie taily orgiasi oetry

t te has ot dsroyed power Its aile is

sy o exan ad its ambgos sigs

al the ows strc a the same time as hea th \ouds storas andsthetes ca kee heir ollecos: oe has

ly to ic at the sab memory ad tees, wods ad estus of te pas make

e whole body of owe stat to bleeshly oe mor e woe oaisatio

f the svval o memoies will ot stop being forgotten as soon as tey come to

lfe aga ad bein to dssove i neience Te sam appies to ou srvival

i te cosrto of our everyday lves nevitable pcss as arx sowed,

te appearace o exca valu ad itssymbolic sbstitio by moy spli oe a

radical crisis late i e heat of the

nitary wold Commodiies itroded auveal haracter ito huma relatioships

(a dollar bll pesets al I a by "tthis sum) and a egaitara chaae ealhig are exchaed This galiara

nesait' aty esas oth te exploterad te exploite while oth aet it as a

commo measre. ey dscovr themselvesfae·o-fae no loger cofone n temystery of dve bith an asnance, as

the obiity oce was but n a nellgle

ranscedece, at of Logos, a ody of laws

at cl b r y , eve i

ay s neaig remais laked mystey A mystey wit ts iiiates, frs of

all iess, stuglg to manta te ogosi the lmb of dVne mystism, soon

yeldg to ilosoe o tecniias

bot teir ositio an te digi o heirsaced missio From Platos R 0 te

cybeet sateThs, der he pess o xhage

vale ad technolo whh od be caled

the do-it-youelmediatio-t myt was

gradally seaised Howver two fats

ae to be oteda As the Logos frees tsef from mystc

nit it afrms itself at oce n ad

agans it pon magial ad anaogicastructres o beavio ar superimosed

raoal an logial strtures taegate wile oservig e

(mathemats, poetics eoomcs

aesthetis, psycholo, etcb Eac tme te ogos o te

orgaisation of itellgibl appearances'

ecomes moe idednt, t teds toreak away fom the S;ced ad to

beome agmet< As sch t rsens

a double dagr o itary owr Weave already see that he sacd

exsses he seizue of th toalty by

power ad hat ayo watig o

accede to the totali mus do so thugh

the mediatio of owr: te itedsrikig mysts, alcemists gnoss i5

scien roof Tis also exlans whyower toay ptects' specali5ts, nwom it ca sese witout ealy

trstng tem te mssonaries of a

recosecate ogos Tee ar istorisigns that esti o t attempts made

47



withi mytic unitay power to fo a

rivl powe aseng n te

ame of Logo: amongt whih,

Chitia syncretim, the pychoogical

explnatio of Go the Reassance

the Refomatio ad the Aag

The maste who tied to eai the unity

of the ogo were well awre that oly uniy

can stabile powe. Exained cosely, theireforts have not bee as vai as the

gmeation o e ogo in e nineteeth

and twentiet etrie wod seem to

pove I the geeal movement of

atomaon the ogos a bee boke

down into pecalised teciqe phyic,

biolo sociolo papolo, etc etc) but at

te same time the need to e-esbl the

toalit ha beome moe ad moe

mpeative It hould neve be fogotten tat

an a-poweful ecnoatic powe could notbegi to plan the totality the Logo would

ucceed yt as the eizue of he totaity by

a utue nitay (cybenetc) powe n tis

pespecive the vsion of the

cycd (sticy aionalied

poe thn ito the indeite utu

would oy have know a period of

indeciion laig two centries before is

realsaton Tis is e dire<tio in which the

Stalnocybenetica ae prepag the

uture. n this pespective peacel coexistence shoul be see as the bass of

4

otaitaian nity veryone mus eas they have alady ebeled

We know the battleel he pobe

i pepang o ale Ohewise the

patapyca amed w h tolity

witho a tehiqe a the cyberneamed wth his echnique withot a toi

wll onsummate thei potial oitu they will be dly blesed

From the po of view o heachil

powe myth ould oly be deoerd the Logo wa reconerated o f at le decoecrating elees were econsecrt

o attac te sacd was at he same t t

libeate the totaliy, tus to deoy po.

But e powe o the boueoiie boe

impoveshed constay haased maiaia elative tabiity by its e of this

abigi technolo wch decoec

objetively, appears sbjevely as an

instet of lberation Not a ral

libeation which ould only be wo by

deonecration that s o ay by the end the pectale but a caatue an ersat

a indced hallucination Wha the ita

viio of te world taered to the ey

the image of eevaon, agmentary p\

incrie i a fure ate of icreased w!·being (the ae of the proje<t), o

tomor

whc

mutp

prou

ave

'Sv

'�tame

Moes

beco

o

some

Go

ui

ame

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eve

Pay

mansar

no

o

mp

des

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fe

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ess

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ise tat

ow

a,ait

d

al

d i

at at

ton,

ai

ats

d of

ry

od

w-

s-tatwll-beanother day, b

ll eally no more than today

ltlied by te mber of adgts to e

ced Fm th sloan Live in Cod we

al ne o to he hmaistic motto

Sve as ong as you which mas

yg at hat and yol v a lo,

e

M deconsecratd ad ragmeted,ls it rader ad ts spitality

es an impoveished form, eaini

chaacteristis bt rvalng thm as

5�ting ot brutal and agibe

desnt run the show any mor and

t e day of the Loos aing over

ared ith techolo and science, th

es f alienatio will materiais

sowin disodr in thei path.

Pa atteion to m: they ae th frt

itatios of a ture order \ mst to from this momt if th fre is

t to e rle y the princple o survival

if ev survival itsf is not to bcom

sible th hypothesis of hmanity

tying itsl Ad th obviosly,

le priment of costructig vryday

lif h tal obctives of struggl for the

srcion o vryday ife are the ey

ts of all hirarchical power. To construct

e is to destroy e othr aught th

tex of doscraon and oscatio,

nially w stand for t egation o th

floing elmts the oraisation of

parances as a c where evryoeies thmselvs; e aa on which

vate life is asd sice it is th tha the

tive sparaion etn popito and

isposssd is livd ad td on very

l'e!; and h he a obviosly

iepedt, st as heir opposits

cpaon commuicatio realisatio

e same appies to their contet o

totality a bankrpt world a onrolledttaliy ad totali

h human relatoships prevously

dissolved n divine trascendec (n the

ttay cwd y the sacrd) dcatd ad

came solid as soo a th saed soppd

acig as a atalyst her matialiy was

rvald ad as the capcious aws of

economy succeded those of providenc, hewe of men ean to appear bhnd th

power of the ods Today, ndlss roles

corrspod to the mythical le evryo

oce playd nd he divine spotlihts

hough her mask ae hman faces hy

still force both acor ad extra to dy theireal life, to ll th dialt of ral and

mythica sacc T spectacl is othing

but ecosecraed and framented myth. It

orms th armor of a pow which couldalso be caled essenial mdiatio) tha is

posed o oc it o lor

suds i dissimulatig in the caophoy

w all s do on another o and

become harmonious, atre of prvative

appropriation And just how mch shit

haps on everyoeRos hav become impoverishd i th

cotext o a framentay powe eaten away

y deonseaton us as th spctacle

etrays s impoverishmn i comparsowih myth. Tey btray its mechanisms ad

its artice so clumsily tha power to efenitself agaist popular duciation of th

spctacl, has o aternatv b to denonc

i s itself Even mo lmsiy, it changs

actos and ministers it oranss poroms of

putative or prefabricatd podcers of the

spectacl (ats of oscow Wal trt

he jdeocracy or c a \hih s to say that th whol cas has bnod to ome hams, that styl ha b

replaed y maer

yth as an immobie toality

ncompassed al movement (the pilrmage,

for xampl, as fllmt ad avnture

wthi mmobilty). O the oe ad, th

spctace an oly oiv otlity by

dui it to a amn iseted i a sees

of framents (psychological socoloical,

bioloical philoloical, myhological vsions

o e word), while, o the othr han it is

situated at the point whe the movemet of

donscration convgs with th attmpt toonscrte hus it a oly sceed n

imposing immobility within h movement of

realty the movmet chani i dspite its

resistance n the ea of framentato the

orgaisation of appearancs makes

movmt a linear succsion of immobl

nstats ths progss m notc to otch is

perfectly xempli by tlns diamet)

Ud wha w ave calld th coloisation

o evryday lfe', e oly possibl chage is

a chan of agmentay roles In trms ofmoe or less ixibl convenos one is

4





ay,

Ucks

e

ted

of

ne

o

ere

t

C,

6s r fmles, psychoaays

ue to alieation, medica etc)

r or later I mst dene itself as a

�: e re ady to deed the poetry

everyone against the false poery

ulate soley y power (coditonig) .

ad psychoaalyss had bette get t

t too nless hey are rpared, oe

ay to ake the coseqeces for what doe along wth architects and

aosles for srviva

Utagoisms that have no een resolved

ad speseded are losng their

ace Tese antagonisms can oy

hile they remain imprisone

os orms hat have no een

anti-cltral at n the cuturl

acle, for eample) Any radical

stio hat has eiher faied or been

ialy successl which comes dow to

e g wastes away gradally ito

oppostio gmentary

sion is lie the tee on a cogwheel

ary another and make the wheel go

d the macie of the specacle the

ie of power

Myh held all antagonisms the

etp of aicheansm Bu what ca

on as a arheype i a agmeedey? In fact, the memory o previos

tgoisms tiised i a paey devaled

o-aggressive form appears today as

te ast atempt to bring some coherence to

oganisao of appearances rea s

he tent to which he spectacle has become

a ectacle of ndifferentiated cosio ready to wipe ou all trace of these

eories haressing all the eer

aed i preos antagonisms for a

dical conct yet to come A rver willst om all the springs blocked p y

owe; a ver whc will change the face of

te wold

ravesty of antagoism power insists

tat everyone be for or against the Rollig

Stones nouVu ron he obscenity

laws, Chiese foo LD sho skis, he

Uited Natios, po a, atonalisatio

hemoclear war a hitcking

Everyoe is ased their opinion of every

detail o stop them having one of the totaliy.The manoeuve, howee iet mht hae

woked were the commerial salesmen

involved ot wang p to their ow

alienatio To he passiviy imposed on the

dispossessed masses is adde the grog

passivity o directos ad actos sbmtted to

he abstract laws of the market and thesctace, eesg a ess ad less ective

ower over the wold Alady sigs of

revolt are breakig ot amog the acorsstas who ry ad escape biciy or rueswho criticise their own ower Brigtte

Bardot or Fdel Cast. The tools of powerwea ot Ther esire for their ow

eeom as istrments should be

calculated o

he specaclar reformism o Christayappeared at he moment whe the save

revol threatened o overthrw the structr

of power ad o reveal e relationship

beeen ascedence and e mecanism

of privative appropriation ts cetral

democratic emad was o that slaves

accede to e raliy of a human ife

impossibe wthot deocig

appropriaton as a movemet of eclion

but, on the cotary to an exisece whose

sorce of happiness is mythical theimitation o Chst as e prce of the

hereafter \Iat as chaged? Waiting forhe hereafter has become waitig for theomorrow·atwll-beaoher·day the

sacrice of real a mmediate ife e

price at which the ilsory lbety of a

apparet life s bought The spectace is the

sphee whee foed abour is transformed

ito voluary sacrice. There s othing

mor sspec tha the formula 'to everyone

accordig to is work a world whee

work is he blackmail of survival; o say

nothi of the formula o each accordng tohis e<ls i a wold where needs ar

determined by power. Ay costruction

attemptg to ene itself i a atonomous,

and therefoe partial, way ca be relegated

to reformism t is aware o its real

defnitio by the negtivity in whch

everything is suspeed t tries to uild on

icksand as though it were ock Contempt

and misudertading of the cotex xe by

ierarchcal power ca oly ed by

strengthening is context On the otherhad, the sponaeos acts we ca see



forming everhere agaist the powe andits spetacle mst be wared of all theostacls n er pah ad must d tacticcoesponding to the strngt of the enemyad to meas of recupeatio hesetact, whic we ae about to poplase,a those of dveio

0

Sacce mus e warded In excange othe ral sacrce the wokes receve thestuments of thei lbeaion (comfot,gadgets) wc, oweve a a plfictitious lberatio since power otrols theways in whch all maerial eqipme can be

used sie power utilises to ts ow endsboth the instrme ad tose who usethem Te Chrstians and bougeos

voluons democatised mythical sacieo e 'sacfce of the maser oda, theae countless iitiates wo receve therumbs o power or havng p to pblcservie the totaliy of their para knowledgehe ar o loger call 'tiates ad otyet 'piests of te Logos; they are jskow as speialss

O the leve of the spetacle their powers incontestale: the adidate on Doleyour money or e post office clektemisig the mechaial subtletes of hsAngla oth dent t te specialst, andwe kow how poducton manages ca usethese ideticatons to bng skilledlabourers to heel Essetially the truemissio o e tecocas wold be o ithe ogos, f only through one of thecontradiios of fragmentay power - theyweren all so patetcal isolated Aienatedalisaton escapes tem What al controlca the atomc techician the strategist orthe poltical speiaist exercise over nea

weapos? What aolte cotr a powerhope to impose on al the gestures formgagainst i? he stage is so cowded at oychaos gs as maste "Oder reigns anddost gve Editoa noes, S o 6

Insofar as the specialist akes pat in teconsrutio o he istruments thatconditio ad tansform the world. he

initates the o ofe pivPreviously. any sch revolt has been calledfascism t is essentiall an opeatc evolt -

ddnt NeZsche see Wager as a pecurr?- when actos wo for a log time have been

52

pushed to the side suddenly demad to lthe leadg roles inically speakg,fascism is e hsteia of the specaculaworld as it rahes a paroxysm I hispaoysm the spectale momentarily assits uny ad at e same ime it rveals iadcal huma Though fascsm aSalism its omatc cisis the spetal

betrays is true ature it is a dseaseWe are poisoed by the spetale Al

elements neessar or a cu at s fr constructio of ou everyday lives ae hands o specaists hs from one po view o aothe we a hih interested all of them Some ae croi cases wedo itend. for example to ty and shthe spcalists of powe the ulers. jst hfa the deim has caied them O tothe had. we are ady to take acco

the rancour of specialists impisoned by ltha are ostrited, grotesue or famosWe must confess owever that ourindlgee has its limts f. despite all edo. they conue stubboly o put thegilt coscece ad thei itteress at hsevice o power. o fabicate thecoditioning that oloises their oweveryday lives i ey continue to pfe ailluso repsentao in te erarc to eaity of ealisaton f they contue tobadish thei speciasation (thei paiigter novels, eir euatios theisociomey, thei alistis nall, if theknow perfetly well - ad very soon o possibe 10 no - hat ol the 51 apowe hold the ke o thei spcaisao, fthen they sill choose to seve powe bcapowe, batteing o their nertia, has so aseleted them for its sevice the mNooe cod be mor geeus Above they should undertand hat henefoth therevot of noling atos s a part of the

vol aas the specacleTe geeal abhorece ecited by the

lumpeoleaiat comes from the use towhich it is p by the bourgeoisie It sevedoh a meas to rglae power and asoue of recrits for the mor equivoalfores of law and order cops inormeshird s asts espte which itsimplct citue of oiey ofwk semakably adical ts ope contempt forboth employe and employees contains a

valid citue of work as alieaon aritque tat hasnt been taken serously until

now b

esseambidui

the tw

narwelr w

Ois kn

o anump

t ib

tatgaddemruateexp

eveacwemn

tso s

eegbr

aacof

estenotacpe

aapp

Iwws

pl



old

s

ecae te lmpeprlearat wa

e ectr all hat wa

Q n cty, a al baue

te nneteent a the begng

tet cente te trggle agan

alenan an the prct

g ll eme be \al peext

br

e e anace cnumer g t be n mr than te ther e

« lenate puctn te

eaa acqre a new men.

le a ctemp r rae wrk

e a f he welar ae, /y ang t ppt f a

lkm ta nly the rulng clae l

!se t ackwlege. epte te ctant pwe t cperate t evey

en aecte n everyay le that

aept cntruct t a lleaty nce t rct f feual pwr,rl t w retrct a rerve r a

mio becme ccrte tay thrg

ce alenatng wrk a eal

t t e lab S muc at

prleaat te b enetvey a a frnt aa rce lab'

n ehr al te w rt er

at by pwr h l

tn It her ta we gamble n the rey agant e re pwer. t

h tat we back the wker, be heterer r a wh cculy r

t eect gane wr an le, aant

wre w cncy r nt

ept wk a te rr pwr I th

pecv t t nreaable eee

a trantal per r wch

tmatn an wll th new

letaa leav wk lly t te

ecalt, reucn maager a

racrat t th rk temprary lave

In t cntext cmpete autmat, thewrer, nea pevg machne,

be ree humr cybeetc

pecal we le tak wa t ncreae

rct a pct hat a b

cally tranfrme, a prucn ervn

e an nt rvva

tary pwe eeave t lve e

nal enc a cllecvccue, that each cal uty

ee tel ubecvely a a partcl wth a

cearly·eemne weht pene a

t n l vy a t feel bln

by the evnce at th a

akng te recet ue eveythng r

e wn wc trace the

rtan f eac partcular ma

be, a appeae a the maatn f a

upreme wll betwn n n te lgtetcange. In any cae pertrba wa

an acen r ecen mvemet

twar armny te r Ren,

Whl ue, the tal ent by h

g O ca pea f a clltv

cnc n te ene tat t wa

mtaney r eac val an r

everyne ccne f myt an

ccue f a parclar-tec

wth-myt h pwe he lln

ch ta auhntc l raw gncacem what t frm th tm th

clecal cemnatn le, rce t

pe ctngence t ual materaty t

va appearance an t t lwet ee

tranceenc <m ncaly

bae t th xtent that ecape myc

rgaatn

G wa te guarantr f pac an

tme w crate ene taycety. He wa e cmm reerenc-pt

r all me; pace an tm came eer

m a n m all ben bcme ne ttr ey I era f frametatn,

man tn apar between a ace an atme that n tranceence ca u

tg te meat a centrale

pwe We lve n a pace an tme tha are

t, eprve al eerence pn

a all c-rate a thuh we we

nv t cme t cact wt relve

algh everytng nve .

Ther a place where ne make ee

a a tm wc e play. e pace eveyay le tha ne ue reala,

encrcle by eery m f cn e

rtrcte pace f r true reala

ef tg w e rve t

tme he pectacl Or, alteatvely: r

ccune er cncune

my an paclar-myth, t

ccune f te pectacl an t

acar-nteecacl I pte

ut abve e relatnhp btwen a

a unary pwr an n tctxt we cul remmber at th cr



ntl ps wit t vnttwrs fgtin) T xprss ths cr in dirt ts: in th spc-tirltnsp n wc v dvytg s sttd s bc thgiy th ld f dtcts spcd s, lthugh w dd uvs th mana and hgh gy

dns us sfr s w r subctvts.Ou liby s t f n bstct

tprlty n wc w nm in tlgug f pwr ths ns r lsssgnd s) with th chc lf t us fidng ynnym cilly rgisd ssuc. sc uthtc rlst (tspc f u vrydy f s, tcy th kigd f slnc T s n t n t spc f vd xprcf nt n ptry in lgg sugglg t bfr dntin f pwr

23

en t bgs dcsctd dfrgntd th, i py dd wsfr ndpdc f cnscusss dndsfr fd f ugt, d f th pss,fd f sc rsl f dg).S cnscusss stppd bg r r lsscscisnss-rctg-yth I bc

cscisnss f succssiv rs plyd nth spctcAbv w th bgisi dndd

ws t d f cs d xs n spctcl lgr rgisd y Gd, byhs cps nd hs prsts, but by nt ndcc lws nbl nd cpcslws cps nd spcilss th pyrlc g

Gd s b trn sid lk uslssbndg d wd h syd w

Th bdg y h stppd th woudealing up, ut juss sug, t gv a ss wl wt fw st f hr.Nw sug hs n ustictnwtvr d in is f fr cpprtn s bc cct Ayn tl c pt t ngr n t nd t lysw cybrntc sct cn s is tbc spcttrs f putrscc d cy,scs survv.

Hgls dr cscsnss is

cy cscisnss f drRcs chs lik th cry f t sul

4

tr r t dy, suing d tlbl bcus w ll nd

urlvs ln t fc t cllps fsced ttlty, d f ll t Huss fUsh

2h tt s bjctv rlt tvnt wc subjctvt c yprtcipt s listn Aythng f th istn f vydy lf t th spctcl wh sviv is zn(bnt) nd svd in slicsThr cn b uttc rls n bctv rly, I th tl l test s crictu T bcv rstth fctis th cs f tspccl is nthing but t succss fpwpultd bjcts th bctirlst n subct f s tstf l st, f t cbts f WhoW ll f th gns fappeaances eey succss - ad v fi i ntd util i cs stp d is brdcst by thnfrn d s tug it w th pssl succss r fl f pw b t ly udg tgh pssr hsb bught t b n ts jdg Is

ctr n r vld f ths w cct spctcl d r stsd wth ly al wihi it And t r tstsn tht sc t nly xts

25

h spc nd ti f pivt lf wrisd i t spc d ti f yth unvl ny f ur nsw

s prvd ry A s t gr cpsss dvdul nd thpatal n a lty dntd by th scr,c agment rcts tslf s ttlt frgnt cd s ttlity is, i fct totaliin t disscitd spc nd tht ks pivt lif t dbslut t fr f bstc librtywc s tht f th spctcl csidsby ts e dsscn th sptl bslf vydy lf, is isltn d

csticti h chs f thnting spctc ts sc strngt tt

pvate lidefined

spectaclspectacu

experien

sese f

petetIsg

a bk

2

The spled eepei hespacebctbje<cdmakelbet

Eysrepepxv'ttc

b

thatc



f o

Iy

o

x

f

if ees e i of beig sig s depve of. e f i sps ls n egs isd s n dl p, s f sness h po ss s e eerydy lfe gess smo j d

m p f

26T mposes is ms n pee self sems fom ld Te m f h sple, e h sssie ls, mes h n xpri e e ofe pene hle, sme me pene esulg om hiiong of pivi\ ppopi spl bsolue of i

Eeens bn f ied xpn re ledgd e lvl o eple e hy re expessd n hefrm f sereypes lhg ny suhpson s osly opposed ldpin nd d by uh ldiene The idntik pcur o m Nzsh fe s he

le peple h s m - oly bve n ms f he flig dlefssbly/mpssby: e possbe o he evel of he spel

vry f s os) efres eimpssbl h lvl o uhexpe

e mpssibl is, h msipose n l exprin by pippopo demes ld ofs pssblis

il mns As gs di h fs ousen h eveydy prblm f lmn bengs: e dl of svl df le? ihe e spe foes o h 51 hs gmbld l lo hesens o be supesdd ug spend im e suin of ydy f; le d srivl ll eme oked e gsm goig ker d

er u he po of lme fsnd lme pover s e.

L peee is shered nd lbelspully i egoes, bologsigl, , , ile beig eled e mmub, ve mmuemre hn fs mpid f heily expieed n Ths sh hehl p impisnig

eey i he objee mesm fpe pppiion dmssoelus,viz so so ds h u ofsbjviy Isf s os so i os,h yg g f sess hddul subjeiiy bj hmslf -h s o sy bm n bj mp Ts forms exremelynresg dile shou belysd gee eil e objelisi i subjviy - of p -

d he bi lsin i obevy - omes n h pxis sigyy lif d f desoyg p)

Fs eped of oe e mef e mmule, n e me of bs nivey, n he m of ped my i i eeynelses hemseles n iedppe n is ex he S blgs o do of dsse eompsss Sd, oe, s ll,Lurmo, Sesm d esme - les is lss eln fms, elso h ms dl

W gm ereed lye h fgme s self lrnSnsbly, desi, l s, hsbsious d ll egies f heg s slus ynivdism dy silo s ihghe egies f psy bu enduon ey n he les meelympsss he mooy of he ee of

deo. e lbey o he suoll be ssume he bsr osue

h hs hose o edue himsle he is qsin f u esio,ony psyhsilgil mu s fi subjev fnos s n v g id o e efs e s orn for hedily xhbion. Suvl beomes e lsg f lf ogsd s e melepoduo f memoy

55



Until now, e appoach o the toali asee ased. ower has ee inseredparastcaly as a indispesabe mediatiobeween men a nature But teelatioshi between men and naue isounded only by prxs t s prxs tha isalwa}brean the veee o ies hat myh

ad is substittes ry to sbsantate isprxis, eve alieae praxis, hat maiascoact th he totality By revealin itsframetary character, praxis reveals at hesame me the real totality eality): it is eoali eing reaised trogh s opposite

the ragmeI the perpective o praxis, every

frament s te oality. n he perpective opower, wc aleates rais everyrament is totaltaan. s sould be

eou to \eck the attemps cybernetcowe ll mae to evelope praxis in amysque althoh the seiosess of theseattempts should no be nderestmated

pris belon to our pect entersw is share of alieation t te dross opower owever we ca pu We wllcai the maoeuvres o sbjection and testreh ad puri o e acts o refsal Wewill se o strte not n a Manicheanvision bt as a meas of developing thisconc in which everwhere at the momeadversares are seeg one aoer and onlycla�in accideay, lost in rremedabedaess and confsion.

Eveyday life has always bee empied tosubstantiate apparen lie bt apearances,in teir mythicl coesion wee powerlenoh o ensur at one e er became

conscious o eveyday fe e povey andemptiness of te spectace betyed by everype of capasm by eery obourgeose has evealed the esece oeveryay ie (a sheler lie bu a selter orwat ad om what) and simultaeoslyts pove As reicatio andbeacratisatio eat deeper a deepe intoife the exhaustion of te spectacle ad ofveryday ie become inrasigly evidet overyone Te conct between the hman

ad he inhma has aso been raserredto the plane o appearaces As soon as

Marsm became an deolo arsrgle aganst ideolo in te erichess o ie was ansformed it

ideologcal a-ideolo, a spectle antispectace ust as within the at·re e fae of the anti-spectaculrspectacle is s rsiction o he act, a eng ceaed ad udes

oy by artists; the reaonsp beantiideoloica ideolo ad e

the pessional revolutiony i soud be sdied. Ths Maiceiwas resuscaed or a time y i tAugustie atack te Maceas acerbty Because he kew e agemyth offering only oe soution, e itOof he goo over te evil e ke impossbliy thrateed o wec te sructre of myth and ocs ate

he coradcon betwee mytc aatetic le Chsat oers te way the way of saced consio Christiani accomised by te s myth is accompise toay by te o s. Tee isn't any longer e lanagonsm bewee Soviet woker cataist workes or beteen te b he Salist bureaucrats ad the bob the onSalinist braucrat there is nity te chaos of ried beigs

Who is esposible o soud be

sho? We are dominated by a syste y

abstract rm Derees o hmanity amanity are measred by prelyqanitative variatios of passiviy eqality is the same everwher We Upoltarianised or well o the way to beiso. a are the traditioal evoltoedoing? Tey are elimnain cetadsicons, tey ar making sure tat npoletarians are any mor proletaia taeveyone ese Bu wat pat wnts to e

e poletariat? Te pesecve of suvlas become tolerable Wat we aresfering fom s t o tigs u Ta's what icatio is everyand every ain at a eal speed,everyoe ad everyig stimaised witheir eqal vale. e rei of equal vaeshas ralised the Cristian projec bt it realised t wot hrsia as Pascalnderstoo t and above al it as realsei over Gods dead body, cotrary to

Pascas expectatiose spectacle ad everyday lie coexs i

te regn

ae nterc

a wos a

eo h

no me pt.

n s

a ohe to

abe o tttwh wsae

whateve

e an

he old

ha s

e yr

So mand

an en

he

e w

fl

deahe

ma

sup

com

oa



e of eual values. People ad higs

�rageale he wold of eiao

�dithot a cente lke the new

a is dcor. Te pese wtdraws

e omse o a pepetual fe that

m an a mechancal tensio of

e iself s depve of a centre

ti ocetatio camp nivere ctims

e wea the same mask an onyu is eal No fes ideolo will be

\0oote te pain, eithe that of te

(te Logos), or at of niilism

h e te crutces of he cyernetic

ey codem all hieraccal powe

te is oranisatio and dissmulatio

agosm te 51 is about to renew s

ldest of al: s radical atagonism a

DI i y it can assimlate al that as bee

y te geat indivdals and

rtonary movements of te ast

30

ote baaliies coul be examine

·ed The best th er come to

end. Before erading te aove - even

!eos meiocre inteligence \II

stad by te thid attempt it would

se o concetrate vey caly o te

ig tex for ese otes, as fragmentary

e recedg must be dscussed in

&! e central poit s the question of� 1 ad revolutioary power

e 5 beg awar of he cisis of bo

ss parties and o lies, mst emody the

eesson of oth e olsevik central

mitee supeession of the mass aty

e Nietschean pjec (suesson

f te teligentsia

Weeve ay power as set itself p to

irect revolutonary wil i as o

dermined the powe of te revoluto.

The olsevik central committee wasdee bot as coceatio ad

representaton. Concentrato of a power

atagonstic to bourges powe ad

rprsentao of te ll of e masses

his double caracterstic made sre

a it rapidy became no more an a

empty powe a power of empty

pesentato ad tat i soo joe

bourgeois power in a common om

ureacacy), foced o follow a simlar

evolutio he codiions ofconcetaed powe and of mass

epeseatio est potentay i the 51

sce it moopoises te ualitative and

sice its ideas ae everyone's mind

Neverteless we reuse ot

concentrated powe ad e ght o

rpresetatio conscous tat we ar

tag the oy d we

cannot avoid being know to some

exten in a spectacula mane) hat wecan ve tose who dscover

volutoay power thrugh o

theoetical and practical positios, po\er

witot mediation, powe entailg te

dect acon of everyone Or guiig

image could be Duri's brigade movig

om viage to vllage, idating te

bourgeois elemets ad leavg te

worke to see to the ow onisation

b e inteligesa is powers hall of

mirros pposing powe, it never ofes

more tan cathartic identicatios

playing o te passivity of those wose

ey act reveals real disse he

adicalism - of geste oviously, not of

theoy - wic could be glmpsed the

Committee of 0 ad in the

ecaaon of te 2 ' sggest

howeve, a mbe o erent

possbilities We ae caabe of

pr<ipitaing this cisis bt only by

entering the itellgentsa as a powe

(ast he inteligentia his pase whic mst precede ad be contaned

witin the phase descibed in a wll t

us n e perspecve of the Nezschea

prec We wll form a smal, almost

alcemcal epeimental grop witin

whch the eaisation of the total man

can be started Nietzsce could only

coceive an ndertag of this ature

wihn te ramewok of the ierarccal

pciple It s, fact withn hs

famework that we nd oulvesTheefore i is of te utmost importace

at we peset ourelves wito te

sligtes ambgity on te level of te

goup, e purcao o e cente a

te eliminatio of esdes ow seem to

e complee) We accep te

erarica framewok i wch we ae

placed, waiting impatiently to abois

ou dominatio of oers, oers we can

only domae on the gros of or

citeria aist ominatoc actically, or commicaton sold be

57



NVER OK'Priiary rgmme t e ituatot vt

hs isripion o wa l of te ru d Sne, ta bk to t firmhs f 953 ( djce ncipin i ire by mr rato poii

allows on ialy e ded pr c aray o graHi n

qsion ig or a dera aai Gral dgway i coo e laeth ay 1 95). Te nciin rede abo s s o b ne of thes ipo re ee nehed o e e of armai-d-, so o he c fe hh e ass s h.

8

dius m a ntr tha ra ss ut W wi st a

matriaisd ntw (drt

ratishis pisdi t tis dvpmnt mbri asd smpath ad udsai

i m th sam wa th aars r th ava f t

tia armis). W r w tu tir aasis radia gsturs ats witigs iattitds wrs and w w i

tat r w ats and aa a

dmadd th majrit f p

I l m wy � Go for t

rfn ol o p� ty �o

rng 1 r l / rf of ury soy n ob. is iannt b fxd As aast h vrr

fsi ta rti sit dra t ast inhmat it stads f tam that vrn pa t mi

rd f th futu

Raou Vgm I no. 7-8

1962-63.

mL

T



ms more

o-

ithout

eltnsndg,

im as olitica

der

e are

omt

.

•

La survle

TE O SAVR·VIR $ DS JUNS GRAS lnegem

d

5

&

59





f

ppearig again oday, eve i, at the

os of m wr fored to be prely

cive The est know example beg

omunard who, when onfonted y a

5 orgeos who inssted hed never

ything to o wh poitcs, repied:

ts exactly why m gong to l yo

al armig of e masses wasly impoat both practically and

!ically thougho the Commne. For ost part, he righ to impose popular

l orce if necessary, was notdered o any speialised military boy. inst this eempary atonomy and

epedence o armed groups sans theirl of co·ordinatio. At no poit, either in

ttk or in dfc did the Communardsh rea military effcieny. However let s

et that the Spanish revolton, andi te ast analyss the Sanish ivil waitf wr lost by faile o tasformtomos goups into an ntegrated

pbian army Eveything sggests tha

esolo of the otadition beveen

toomy and co-odao depends aely

n t degree of tehnoogical skill acheved

n period

I

o ae the Commne epreses he oyiaion oa ltiy rbanim cking on the spot the petrified symbos

of he dominant oranisation of life

erstading social space i politcal termsenying the nnoene of a sige

omet Anyo who dismisses schctiity as being an erption of

lpepoleaiat hilism the work of some

sall, halfcrazy gang of petol omerssould b foe to sate exatly what eythik s valabe n pesent-day sociey and

it ll probaly trn ou to be a whole crock

of shit "All spae is occpd y he

eemy . ue aism will start bysig the ocupyig fores to dsappearm a smal mber of places Tha wll e

te eginning of what we mea by

constructon. The oept of the 'postive

od oed by mod physics mght prove

ilmiatng ('Unitary ubasm, S o6

VII

The Commune was efeated more by force

of habi tha by forc of arms. T mosdisgaceful exampe of this was theCommuards menal lock gs singannon to lot the reh National ank

w yon was so so of nds

Thghot the ent rod of the

Commune the Noal Bank maie apVesailles enclave dfdd by a few

riles ad by the myh of propery and thetarious othe ideological habts poved

eqaly dsastrus he resurection o

Jacobinism, he defeatist strate of

barricades a thrwback to 48 etc etc

X

The Comme shows very learly how

defenders of the old wod alwas beneftrom a seet complcity o the par of theevoltionaries; especally o the pa of

os wo thi� h voluton. hscompliity evolves ao po w

the hin alie I hs way, the ol wordretais strngholds (iol, laga

morality taste) within the developing w

worl sngholds it an use to rapue

the teritory it s los\. Only i hohthe thought atural to he revolutioary

poletara can esape it ov: the publicreords oie wet up ams. The ifth

colum o shoul really dread ies the

mids of the revolutioaies themselves

X

Dring the last ays o the Comme a

up o asoiss went to bow up Notreame Whe they got hee they fod a

caeral efended by a armed baalo of

Communard aists he stoy s evealingIt's a ne exampe o iet emorcy analso a example of the so of roblems that

the workrs cocls wll av to face. Were

these soid aists gt o dfd athedal i e name of he eteal,

aesthetic val (in e las aalysis heame of musem ctre), whe othe

wae nothg more tha o expresshemselves, freey, jus o tha one day omake hs dmolo job a symbo of ther

complete defiance o a soc wch wasabo to onsi heir whoe lives to obivio



ad silee? The aists, ating as

speialss, alady found emselves trying

t press a ally decisive act i e sggle

against aieation. The Cmmunads sould

be citiised for t having rplied t the

totaltaia er f powr wit the sm

tta f te weaps at e isposal

verytig dcates that the anist, e

pets who, a that moment, expressed tepotry in suspese thrght te Commune

were simply rubb ou. T fact tat t

Comme as a wle was rpssed has

mant that vaius abortd ats derived f

wat wld av been tir conx can

w be passe of as 'atrocies hs tim

is cnsord The mak tha "thos wo

make half a revoltio ny ig eir ow

graves also pais the oa silence i

whih SaitJst passed his ast days o

earth.

XI

theotiia, wo srve lie with e

tradtiona veliss G-lk omnscence,

can vey easily pve that the Commn

neve stood a chac in te fst plae that

othing old ever ave com of it Bt for

ts wo atually lived thgh te

Cmme, the spersessio wa hr

X

he aday ad invetiveness

Commn an oly be assessed in relation

to t poliia inletua ad moral lie f

62

is w time i rlation to th

ntrdc of all te rap ver\nicht

splased the ptrl and t wic it u

matc So csideig the solidarity of a

the crap ard tday (to e gtad

te left, e an ssess t audact d

ivetiveess e mig reasnal ep

m a compaable loaust w

XIII

e cass war o wi te Cmmnw

oneepisod is stil wit s (altoug t

spefiial haractesics av ang

consierably). s to the mattr of k

the Cmmnes oscious teenis

onscis Engels) t las WaH is still tobe said.

XIV

F te last 30 yea in France lef-wn

Cistias an Staiists rmmberng

antiNaz fn av treat e

Cmme as a express o nana

dsaray, o wuded patriotism, f te

masses, avng ally despaird of t

beis rgt wig, ptioig soe

t gvern them we presumably alng t

les of he cre1 Stalist 'poicy. All

thats ncesssary 10 demols is paicul

pe of Hly Wri is a eamiaion f trol payed by th foreignrs wo cam t

figt for e Cmmune bove all i ws t

ievitae tst o stength owas wic

ince 1848, evey atio i rope

detae by "r party Marx) ad

leadig.

Debord/Ktny/Vaeigm

(brdsheet, 1963)

ALL

Th

ve

abo

pe

bat

air

wo

the

W

or

co

i10

th

e

hd

a

t

w



KGS M

pbm of lngge s t ht ofC\y stgge between tos wo wis tolis lientio nd thos wo wish toserve i It is ps whvr seles r fougt Lngug is the poisond w lve i. n sit of l or jokrsrs dont ply d i spt of Bton,ty do' mke love except i dms to te pro of t dominntrgiso of lif Yt y ncopletely utomtd ough lc for

formtion torists wods c '\ b rducdto iformio They embody forcs c upset ll cctios Wods coxist wi power in simlr reltionsip tot betwe poor nd proletris n theclssicl o the moder ss) Employdo ll th ime scrwd vy scond otis m for l th ss nd osnshic ty c prodce ey stil min inm respects dicl outsiders

ower only presents th fogd identity

crd of words t foces tm to hol prmit detrmies tei plc in troductive pocss som ctiy workvim) nd givs tm thi pyslip.mmr Hmpt·Dumpt on thmg of wos: e estio s wich isto mste ts ll. And hightened boss tht is pys doubleimeto th ons h ses lo W should lsodrstd e nsbdinin f wd,fom gt to ope resstnce, wic is

vdnt in ll modern writing fomlire to the ddists nd Joyce, s th

symptom of n ol rolutiory crss insociet

We it is cotroled by power ggewys dsigns soming other thntic lived epriece Tis fc lvs itope to otl contstton. Toisio of lngug hs fllen to suc stte of consion tht the mode ofcommcton imposed by pow is eingposd trickry nd imposture Thprpts of cybrnetic power try i v to

mk lgg dpendnt o t mcsht hey cotrol so ht ifomtio wouldbecome th oy possie communictiov i this d resistnce hs broken outlectronic msc cn be s s ttmptevidty imitd nd mbigous) to revrsthe diio of domiion by r-ployigmcins th pt of lnge ut thoppostio is muc moe generl nd rdiclthn his. It ttcks ll ilterlcommunictio whter t tkes old

orm of or the modern om of mssmdi. t dvoctes o commnctiotht wll b th ui of ll sprted powWhere is l communictio tct be ny wste

ower livs on stole goods t crsog it rcperts. f powr cretd tmnigs of words tre wold no logr bny poty b only sul infoonOpositio cold v b expessed ilguge, nd ny fus wold hve to

pce itslf tid, like ttrism Wht ispoetry bt th revotionry movmnt o

63



lagage, inseparable from te revolutioarymoments of istoy ad te history ofpeonal life?

Te od which power has ove langaederves om its old over te otality Ony alangage tat as een deprve o anymmediate refeence to e totaly o soceycoud become the langge ofes News is

the poety of power te conter-poey oflaw ad order te mediatng falsifcatio ofwat exiss Iversely, poetry mst bedetood as immediate commicatontakig place in eaity and real modicationof this reaity It is noe oter tha liberatedlaguage: language wc aes back its lostweal ad sashing sigs, ecoves words,music shots, geses, painting,mathemaics, actions, facs heefore,poery depends on te hghes level a wicife, in a given socio-economc formaiocan be lived ad caged I is unnecessayto add tat tis relatiosip between poetryand it mateal base is teefoe not a oneway dependence an ineaction

Rediscoverng petry may ecomeindstingisale m inventing revolutionas may be seen om certan phases o eMeica, ban ad Congoese revotionsIn revoltionary periods te masses ecomepoets of actio In non-revoltionary periodsone migt ink tat te circes of poetic

adventure ae te only places whererevolton srves i its totality a virtaityrealised but close at ad te sadow oan abset caracter So hat wha we meanby poetic advete s difcl, dangerousand always cea of sccess fact itmeas all te thngs tat are ammssb i a paiclar time hat isceain is tat te ognised, permitted andfase poety of the time is no longer a poetcadventure. At e time of ts aack on the

oppressve oder of culture and eveyday lfe_surealsm gty dened is weapon apoety whc doest aways need poemsBut today te I is ony itested in apoetry thout any poems. Ad wat we sayabout poetry as oig to do wit etaded reactonaies of eo-versifcatioeve if they do subscbe to te very leastaciet of forma moderisms Teprogamm of the realisaion of poerymeas notig less tha the simltaneosceaio of events and their lagage,insepaably.

Al closed langages tose ifWps of young people; those whichdeveoping avat-gdes elaorate forieal se; those esotec poec lwhich once calld temselves

o sl nuovo' all these have heiojectve, ad thei ect e immeiattanspancy of a cerain commniti

mutual ecognition, aeemet t sattempts ave een te work of small isolated i may way The evets that �have bee ale to prepare the celewich tey have bee able to givehemselves ave had to remain within most arrow limits One of te prob revoltio is tat of ederaig these st!,councils of commicaton to istaleverywe a direct commicatio whiwill no loger ave to rely o the eeycommuicaion etwork (at is powelanguage) and wil tus be able trasorm e wold accordig it desir

It s no longer a question of pugpoetry t e seice o te revolo, tater of puUng he volon a te seo poetry Tis s the only way n wich revoton ll ot betray its own pot�sall not epeat te mistke of te srelwho p themselves at te serce of theevolution at the pecise mome whe thevoltion ceased o exist. Bod to he

memory of a revotion tat was paial arapdly crsed, Surealism soo becam reformism the spectacle, a ctiqe of ceain orm of the established specacle twas carried o iside te dominaoganisaion of this spectacle. he sreaitseemed to be uaware tha everyimpovemet or moderisaton interal tote spectacle is tanslated by power ito itsown langage

Evey rolution ha been born

povey as begn y e impulse o poets fact continues to escape teorsts ofvoluton indeed it can't e undestoodby tose wo keep to the old coceptios frevoltio ad poery but has geneaybeen sensed by counterrevoloaresPoetry frightes tem ey do their bes toget id of it by means of all kinds ofeocism om au-a- to pure styisticresearch e momet of eal poetry, wichas al of time i font o it', aways wats

to rearange o its ow ends te wole of eworld and al te uture s log as i lasts

ts desFor

the dsestkeandpp

longthe

cleamconeuisol

i strooleeaonofsthelb

a

twm

ropnth

"



al

y

,

emad a tad no ompromie i p ll the npd debt o hitoryuier ad Pcho Vila Laamo ndte yamiter of Aturia - whoeUCe are ow invetig new form o the alo of oadt a Kel, ll he peoe in the world who rarig to ght with u o without or

lg outio re ao the troubador o e potry

oetry i beomng more ad morerly the empy pe or raher the ntie f onumer oiet ie it i oume: omble obet mu e ofua ue to eah o pve ma oilated omers oetry i othig wheit i ot quoted it n only be uvd ba to aton The ty of the ey othig more thn a aademiercie ad hae the hateriti o alldem thght he htory o poetry y a way o ruing away fom the poetry htory i we uderstnd y thi no the

cacul hitoy of the boe ut therte oy of everyday ife ad it pobleieration the hitoy of eah individul lifed i lito

et leve o dot about the ole of eepers o the old poetry, the peoplehoat o pea aud moe dore thly the ate for qte differet

eao) inreae iteay Thee people ely uem aedt. A arge mou oery i uuly ept i the word Bowher r there ple, moment people relive i, ommuiate t, e it G\eht thi oud only be doe by ubvering t:ecae the ndertadig of he od poetyad bee hged by he lo o nowedge wel a by the aqitio o i; adaue a every moment whe old poery be efetivey redovered it

cootation with patila event gve it aargey ew meanng. Bu above a ituatio whee poetry impoible oldot repea ay o the poe ilure o thepat (thi iure beng wha i let ehindi he hitoy o poey trafome oe nd poeic moumet. Suh atutio lad aurally to theommunitio and the pole overego i o py.

Whie poeti archeologi euly

to eleto o he old poey darrnge o pecilis recitg it for the

ew illiterte created by the moderpecacle, inormation heort ppoe toeliminate ll the reduae of eedomad imply tramit od The thiner otomtio re epliitly aimig to tomtethough y eimiatg all the oue oeror om lfe a we from laguage Yetthey re till dig bone i their heee!

or example, altig mahie, wemi i o enre he globltadadtion o iormatio, t e metime a preparig the iformatiotheotirevion o the od ltre, are deedet otheir preet pgramme, which neceriymi y ew meag te on by a worda wel it pat dialetial ambivalee.In thi way the lie of langage whih ond up with eey advane theortludertdig Ide improve d themeaing o word hge - i out othe mechaied gade o oainformatio u thi lo mea hat ree

hought n develop wth a erey whihwil be outide the h o the informaopolie. Inormation theoit ad rophet ofybeeti otol yem gve themevewy even i their mo iae ormultioa the bulder of the ame brave ew wod

whih the dominant fore o ontemporaryoie worig towrd he otrono he ybereti tate. They re the va�al

of al the lord of the omg tehologileudlm her i no innoence theiclowing hey ar the ing' jetes.

he hoice betwee infoationim dpoery h othing o do wih the poery ofthe at; jut a o varia o what heaial revoltioay movemet h unedito i o ay eevae where a par oa rel alteraive to otemorry life. Theme jugement ead u to one theot dippeane o poey i the od

form in whih i ha� been produed adomed ad t retur in orm tht areuepected bu operonl It time o topwritig poeti orde me to trt arrygthem out.

no 8 196

6



One non·revolutionay

weekend s nfnelymo blooy hn

on of pemneneolon.

of Oen/lagues, 968

OO

temprry siey, he etire bdy ftehl - bve ll te mes sledmmti s rieted twrds emmm f pssive isi f idividstws teir trl by di dpermet t' y wks n e Edess is t wi i isimpssible epy re rdst dly byevery st f d. Sme pplitis ftis tehie be see s lriuslyfy sli pzes fr w s bsilly

bset Others e siderby ess uy

"f yu re y e sre t beerested by th mst rrdr set ever mde It ll g everyeewi yu Of etiely ew desig,iveted by te Hghes Airrprti f h SA, i is mde t ew e ed weigs 9g d ismted plstyle helme. It hs iyd sree mde f plsi lkg

smetig ke me whi s eld fretimeres t f e eye ly e eyes used t lk he sree ith the terte mfurs lim y be lgelsewee r eve ite r be ied wimu lbr

Jn d Dmn, 9 j 1962

" Th rul te lmies s llybee settled d i seems ht wrk wl srtgi ext dy Perps is the eelig

f hvig p1iiped i te debte teplis te ltur lm h hs

reed hese 34 dys i h min !d t piteds Televisi d rsisrdis wee erms elp im hs diet d pemet etwee e mier d heirdeetes, d t the sme me tey freverye g me t the dse huwhile eve few dys befre, everye t g d m te i bildig.

L Mnd, 5 A 3

"A ew e fr ll trvelers t Fr qrter wxered rtskes yu y h d sys HellHw r yu? It's ee rely ie seeigy Hp yu hve gd time''

M-C, ny 1

lger ve y frieds. I'll eve tl ye gi Tis s he beg the essi reded his wn tpeeer f Pls wrker w d ust

ted te gs i s te I ms usis ee is lger ncance f s\·g me e ed is ey lse'Tese wee te lst wrds f JsephCzterstek.

F Lndn, 7 Ap 196

no 9 164

"OU1 9

by

y

e ca epwe

efse

b

dm



3

AK YOURSRAUCRAS SUAOSS 5- 969

y Chrsophr ry

By t mid-ixti th tutin j

d t n it dn f T 51 wt mll tightl-i g ofto dotd fog criqu t pr tht to coumilim d o licig ti ctiu orm of cl d gittioibl Al ctic xrmt with rtt y th bod Erthi dd

irl urrcto o culd ny

d y yn

Du 6-6 t ut fwad anay if i h W m nc thny ad ic th wnt. Lf l tinr o th m ll n Fac wa

kn ditinc dri wMrcu th t. And h f h

! an Bc th SI ud

thml dtchd

y knw tht i h aay y w

ltd yn l and

cu f ti th w bl to dtct d

nt wh t ucowlg andowllig olt of out o t rl dd·x n bot th midlcl dootd okin cl liq fm. A m tm y w mo h \y fwnay gou bot to dtd tcl imc of th (c k and

t t thi wol nw f indutl w w icomtibl wit thchlgcl itr� xrcd y h

yn naOn

T id a a j n w th Pr;vole Ee: patdy

Quotg th wn mr of olcowldgd of ldwan

ad r gr spreading tutEu a t tt And t d toio of gui olt tic wiwc tll urtr lor roltoritllctul Ao wo toght throlio w ol oil omw n

t h d f h whch mtht y coldnt anyhn wn wh

cnmay ocit and m

goo no wh and h a

lunay mmn wh

dn any a hy

w rll cdibl rud d rud thwo oibl tt to h ti oiticld cultul aan-ad tlm.

OE S A ltt, ild n g mg. In

Fnc c bocott h

comltl. h coi of th 51 ay t mot bltt c of

clturl rio c for t wul 6 t frt coi o a cl

dulicd mgzi clld oo, do th tr n Amtdm d wmly izd y th olic owig o h

ul cn f thi ci foromm bomb. T chh mn

h tr dmotrtio, th mk

h wh y aa o a

occ tc t lwd mak h

un c concio�

cly wha t itioit� h nhaln ya an anachc ft

6



WORD TH

B

Preden Jn wleddren eve

tund tudent h avju leted ratinad in viuvrmt deet thimmr, luted the a

rvlutia ade "Al �, h id t them v evlutiatui ii ve dit

A Wshngfan 5ug

RDfZ-VUS, B WHERE?

Wi t h r iLaz e tl friter t an u nd

fed lk fr te nd e l;rl i utntrutd n unitaalemn le. It ainti mtl ll hainfr th iln f ternd lr hl enirled in pliinMti lae t tw ut i.

ugl '962

attac n te quay f life rganied a apoa veet. e Prv wee teccan f te ituatits t appearancei te enc press as te ccultnternata' te teretl dving cebed e rvs plitcl canva Exatlyw uc iece te S ad teProv is icut t aceta I a e

see a gd de steda ad beene f te bs f sitatinist activiy a ewea bee and a least ne f te Prveaders stant te aciect, wa ex5.ere was't, wever a ctrctveiteracin beeen e grup: te 51wa as augt wit te rvs as wievere else. l tey a t say was taunless te v street lpenprleaak ts w breacacy ad starsste and fsed wit te Dtc wrking

cass te wle epide wuld end lie adap ub wic was pecsely wat didappen Be tat a it a t was ly afterte Pvs tat stuatiist-pe plitcbega t gai ay a credility

e sae year saw an eve e vletcrbain f tei tee te a tsin te Sate e 51' aaysis f tee r e Deine and Fa f e SeclrCmmdiy nmy was translated anddstribed gad and te Sae, evenbere t apeaed in Frenc e tet

acieved �e ntriet tg largel frits vilece a ncpreeibli teidea tat tere wa a revlutary crisisbrewng eca a tat te bacswld play ay pa it being bVul f e questin s f te entusiatcaayses f vilece ltg and ar lealne e discvery f petr witn tepetr . ?), te gd pacst suls f tegen left iply trew p erans ad ed Dng te er f

, an ebryic gli ec wafred, transaed aeige' Ba/ai deBae as e aiy Kid a aagazine , and bega t aectact t ter lunatic frge grp innd and te Staes

ts te te situatiis citique fsciety was als cplete e pblebfre te was ne f bicising erpsti: f breaig te ver ea cspacf ence against te Se pulcy cae

fr te fac ta te a base inDeak was blw p and brt dwn

t te itatinits great deigt

apparetly by te etee igt wg, le te ad played fenting a eii te Dais twn f andeHwever it was te ccupati' f Strabg Uverity n Nveber

ta naly oceted te S t atieadle

sall grp f tudes Strabug nivesi appraced t SI

early Over te er te wo teir tactics

T mll op o e eee ae apy o Sabou' 16000 t10 e ommie o e lefwing den'nin ne n poon o poW an t nin nd o d ue. fnded a Sciey fo h Rehbi a Max nd Ravcl. e pae

a o e y i a Max omi-;e en o e Du lmn. erclmd er nenion o dove eunon one and o a o o a, yenid e ad e nooio iuaon�neaiona and an en oand o a eny pampe i poued i

den e and o (and a e oen). en a and ou a e

a eemony makn e einnin e demic yea ony de Gaue aunfed. e pe oa, naona anerninl- ad a e day I k week r Ie ca art o ode omn tent e cal e, vaAlatan ml-one o eje ee anae non a oed by a o de Ol eemb Teje mmn p adaminy ud:

e ced ae nevr denid eae f ming eun o e dennon Indd ey openy adm o ainade e union pay ome £500 o e

pnn and dibuion o 0,000pampe, no menon e oeieae ipied by nteraaeStatiste. Te pubaon expedea nd apaon , 10 p mdy,!ave non o i e aim o aden nin. One a ony o ead ae ad ae wrt/e o i 10 e obvioua e tent crcely mre andleen lcking all experence real leei mind cnf by llete

poopa, oa, pltal nd ecnmcere and peexd by e dr mY

oaeyhe

oe

pa



h

n

h everyday e, make the empyan and hei lam o pas denitiveens, sinkn 0 oh abuse 0 heil sudens their eahes, God eion, cley, he omn and poias of the whoe wold Reectin alJality and sain the ynic d n!a 1 ommend the he destion of

Kaship he aoiion of wok 101son ad a wowde proeaiuion wih uniensed peasure as isl oa In view their asiay anarhistaa, the heo and popaanda ainny noous ei wde dion nh tuden es and amon he eneaic y he oca, naiona ad foein prs a thr 0 he moaiy, he sudes theutaton and thus very futur / ents the Univeiy 0 abou"

m th t ngli diton o Daysta hook he nivesiyi wa up frst uniit

ain and wk cdl chodtogh ll th tudnt unn Frnc. mphl rrr o he oery ofdn ife, bame betllr rnightd h a hard a n ingl ling tdnt ran w didn't hr o

t 51 Dng 167 t mphl w

tlt to ldozn rlgg Eih in wa

podd vl tim in Sta, undgund p and pmpt.I an, th co c daggd n

al nt and t cdl w illr aad by an bat ofclio ('th Garnautin a nat an

otcd bi thi tim ol bo

ppod thotn ol payd brd Thi nwfund fa hw,

aind tand Th 51 ad bnomo with tt ti

td in lunary hrmah e that yar th Sl gaind

gat and gratr inln in n

iti Th ad pnal atit a ir nub tdnt (a thiial PO Bx n. t way th adtat th anyn but alwa idtt t ppl thy t dlpd thir

ow nd ormd tonomo nd

-ct gop. O ll th tud,

t t ba ct to w gop

m nt handu anahitdti th fllwing ar, t b

lmo a ntru a 51 itl Titatinit' thrtial xpro w

omltd b t pblitio o o lllng book Rol Vgm' it desavorfair a {'usae des eunes nraionsand G Dord La oi du pealetg what uld b alld th ujti

and ojctiv apt ltin

rpctvl 80t book w mot ntiygrd b nc pr ntil thfolong mm

Yt al ti thr wa a growg d

o dit atin within t grup itl.

mongt mn pln tr wa n

picll gd one o c mivanda i th hrt o Pr by tiing h

Sin blood-rd and dmpig t bdi o p o rd aguy Vitmiati i it, atd dowtrm

pt No Dm a ll SantLi h w cinc On o th dia

l i P bg dad a byth n ditin Th ro t b

rg truk wa kwn and qt

nibl p hijg it w work<

o. h bdi w t dpd t th

5 uptra th b Th c

wa t rd idti d qtitic m ormo T

conctio didnt g a thing ptd .

ch b m bth i twapr t ti and in bqocologcl tdi o h ttt'inun Ma 68 n th st gnal

wildat tk ity nd wv upatn ta lt Fan ing t

bink o a ltina crii vigio tan ayting in th pnih

cvil w. h infnc t b mrdin n mningl w I t rt plc t

SI n lad tand f mo than th

nin f l il a hitrcalpr bdid b ilin f ppl o

to at a tha a ataly in ain qtpci ocil aa Hwr n tht hn id, on ol dd ta t tntto wic had preued thig ttmtli M w littl ho oclirn

Mr iall: it ld brbr tha th fit a at t o

th wo gnpowdr kg cm fom th

ndl o ea a g which hddotd o 51 a who trd

6



•

H 1 P L I T B U R E A E C I N S O H I ST

P A R Y (T o r C E L E S A C E E K I N G K YO

SHOE S BUREC RA T S . TEA T I ON AL P W ER or

O E S O U I S I S O O N W Y T M I T �

• ONLY BE HAPP TE DA THAT THE LAT UREACRAT I S

S T B Y T T S T HE AS T A I A I S . O

L V E f A T O O A O L I E OLE'TAR I A E SE EOT I ON 7 TA D

S A I N I S S L N I E E T A A

D SElRE WO OK H ST TE S-ALLD

R M Y . G I E � O K R S A STutS or

A T A C E S - C U U R E V O

� U R R R O I

!� REV OLUT I N AR Y X I I T E SiE � C � I O COJt I TEE or THE A U O S A N t O P U L A S O R B

Preier ICnsel ur decctn

e Univeriy of erre upide down in

erly 968. Severl of e were dipliedy univeri uhoriie ong wi oheil nd i io peipied eiede ii e univeiy leve. he22d M oen d eenhoogy pege wi iuion

ide y he e lhough ey dwlked ou o i i iepio eue ofi ihh opoiio d i refl oexpel ein known Sini Siuion

de hd o ped fr og yude i' nd poliio i he Ln

Qrer n hrughou e enie Fren

nive ye (Aer w ll overVege T ned o o he o

ippedof ook i Fe) he i deveope he SI nd e

ng lyed deiive pr The e

Rieel oler, wer eeed o eSoronne Oupon Coiee nd we

he frs o one e ll for lf·ngeen nd e reon of ewounil fe e orie wereoupied y reh workers Bu ey

nle o prven he edy eof e vriou ueuri le e e enle veriion o eled ofden o hey ef n dig

On y hey fouded he o�h Mnn of th OuptnsCM) wi opied e ionl

edgogi Iniue o rue dU! e, o e end of My e ee 0

Sool of Deoive A' ne orThe CMDO diove iel on 1 5 Ju

wh he ionwide eing o e

oupio Aou fo peole de e pere e of e CMDO w

were joned for wie y oe

evouionrie nd ike oing mvriou ndie fro rd or m povne nd rerig er. Te w or or le ony de up f

ou e iioni n ngs

e eod, Ky, Reiel d

Vege, d y epevelyme worke, igl hoo uen or

ude' d oe ouili wihou

eifi oi union. Thoghou i

eiene i w ueul epeie dir deory gree y eu

piipio of eveyone in deedeion d hei eon I weeily inerre geerl

ely delerng dy nigh. o

fion or pive eeing ever eiedouide e oon dee.

A uni poneoly reed in e

oiion of evluonry oe, eCM w oviouly le of ounl h

ouilli ogniio, u nionig



k

r

nt

d

f

f vi dcac A ad p that <i nt

CDO ld ih t if a ann nillit ganiai n a

attpt t taf itf it atin f ta d thl

a agt aj tai

nfc t chi

t ad ga hlv thnhal abl t ak ibl it

til atit h ptig itt

ag f th itg ad pitig f

� ' pblicati bt ig n t c i had ac an

llan t tain pid

itp k ladl p a

t patin th xcll ipt ati ispsa. h iain itt t a availabl tk ca f ta thpid faci ad th li\ tial f dbti. h iti

itt hih xll ding th

il pid, ma ta pap

l fd and v lakig a pat ctt t t apid ii f th xt h

a tind b v bt n

c ccain val b e

inad h th btd h el t

t ab. D ptd a f v

t, ipl pt ad a i f la nd aa a hic a

Addres 10 al W and a pin f

Minimum Dnton f Rvltinay

Ogiatin. Th aj t had piing

f n 0000 an 00000 pand ribilit a tak f tanai

it Eglih Ga Spah alia

anih a Aabic Th al pblh

va apppia g ad at rtcip hic t av b

ppla at a at va h pdti pu th tg thaiv f gafti a a ccfl

d idd th r f f

xpin ic t tnti. h pa can

fa e ha th t t hit h a a b rtai f bingad b v

h D cgid that hat aditiall b a td vl ctaid

ca f th fact ccpai hpibii f a ial evlti. A c

atptd t h at pv th

QUE PEUTLE MOUVEMENT

REVOLUTONNAREMANTENANT?

TOUTQUE DEVENT-L

ENTRE LES MANS DES PARTSET DES SYNDCATS?

RENQUE VEUT L? LA REALSATONDE LA SOCETE SANS CLASSE

PAR LE POUVORDES CONSELS OUVRERS

c p m ccpMa vt cvltina. I t itv it

dd h cpat th patitalin ni ad nfin h

l (Trtkit Mat ad

aachit h d at citt fliat it nl n th t idiat

patila th baa dand f ef

h nivit an d pi pri )

g t ip nn'-Icashi t v B ipatl h

D pd h i f f-anagtcctl a an iiat pibili

\lti a t l dad t b ad

b th Fch pltaat

7

Wt a thervut

vm y? W in hps Ih i?og. Wt e t wth lt cet tgh e pwe th wkr' ncCnl p I ma/e

upo Pju J 968



e ocpatons wer ap, otof te blue of e poletat as istoi

ss sue ele to incude oosvryon working soeoe ese vibt o the rl aolti of te css systad 01 wg abour T occpations were rdiscovr01 history prsonal od sialhisto a on and h so i, dieof th sns that hisory' (n ie i th hands fordinar pope 1 t sns01 irvrsble e

abv al at ns ta things just a'go on in h so ld way' T alin lifeevey od bn lving ight days bfore sseemed riiulous. e oupts wre { ooc o v fo inti on evefom 1 iolo on t wole stitjet ntowic reo lie s b c vetaiate te esi o f to onenevtabl poy rits w tpeeoot Evet bo to evror confessd dsir to me peop, to beoplee ones wt te o o louni were fosee b occped uildigswose se purpose was to a ol

fost b fhti siebse in srees.T tephone, o te few pbc seiessil fntonin t 0 ssgers ond01 popl jst grally on t rood thrgotPs and all avr h nr, pfiguredsoeting 01 wat ral coiations' ouldbe The ocupatons to say th lt 01 it, werea rejectin 01 thats understod by workoday_ Thy were exbac ty wrplaulness, hey w t ral don01 enad time uthot ws rtd i al its frs.So was speclist. o was rara rip So was te tat o w t poiiopates. o wee the ta nions o w

soiooists. o wee raessos o wolists o were octors. Quik' visdperaps e best of l te iti neverone at te woke totemseves fel noin emarrass nontep o wa 1 life te beelai fo tose rom sstas otown prs wo d doe ter best to kee

tem oggd own in t t wos lsi in piul l te CP bit <asro to a iteatolis p oveght. Woes ad intellects aver rp ca to igh T ihe roe payd by w througotof is cear indication of th xttevoutioary crisis F lov bgato oethig ral The occupatios r all haos wr on ac n te coity

v if this was stil undrsod cdl'OCioogiay as o atack o 'si ws also pt dw pr tug ew peope ctal eal s t ech te stg were te abtio becm te net o t to o anyo e u wi ws e bstrc somewa ve slon Al power tminio But tere wasn a ie 1 tis powe o be pt io effet evet in ou be einvnt_ e it pow t n ot of maintio treao 0 upetors ou lt vero ld to r leve 1 teoti

paio consciosss sit 0 i: eo-ists n no-ot ooanagers, neo-spetats of v tat had he up agaist th w If tis ritiis of te spectac 01 no-li fai tbee it rvtiona supesessio, itonly baus th May insurrecton'sspotanous orintation owards the$unils was in advon f alost all opepoios for il, amongst wich theteta and rgasaoa coscioswhi wo ve a lowed ito epress elow: s te ol ower._

'T dw wic in a sinl om it te wo spe o te ew wo tt wot we sw tt Ma i rane. Te blk fls of wo' moccy flw ttin t win e e is ai o e oot fee. Ad we to owever sml ettv baoe our noe on h rawkf ts movet is not to presee silom of i or to tain an piclreb. ow we r sure of a satsfoncsio to l w ve don te il speseded.

969

F'C



l lOl

j

S 96 DCL ADLL 'CACULARDTYY

Fm 13·18 August , he blcs o Los

geles revoled. An incient volving

police n pedesins velope into

s o sponneous ots The res of

er, despie peed reinforeent, were

le o gn ontrol of the stre By he

t y e lcks hd re theselves

pilgng such rs shops s were

aesse, n were so enle o ope ire

pce helcopers houss o soliers

- te whole lry weg o n intry

son suppore y tks h o etw o e strggle eore he Ws

re ol be surue, ter whch t took

eer ys ch sreet gg or o

e rought der contol he roter iete o pluner urn e sops o the

he ocil igures esti to thiywo

e clug twetyseven lks pls

woe 000 rese.

Rectons ll sies were ivese wth

lri: he reoluonry t lwys scloses

he relt o exsng proles, enng nccusoed n unconsous ru o he

ros posures o s opponens Polie

he Wll rker or eple reuse

ll eition propose y the lck

gsons sseting correcy h the

rots h no leer Evenly s e

lk were wot eer, s ws the

moet o uh or o pries Wh i

Roy Wkns genel �eretry o e

NC w t ht oent? He

ere the ros shoul e put ow "wl he orce necessry An the Cnl

o os Angeles Mcltyre, who protese

louly h o prtese gnst the voence

o he repssion, which one woul hve

sppose the se thng to o the

oent of e aggiomaenl o the on

hurh. Insted he peste n he os

urge tone ou " pedte rvolt

ist he ights o ones eighor; rspect

or the lw he tence o orer

llg upo Chocs o oppose e

plerng the pprenly unjusfie

oene. All e theorss n spoese

o e nentol Le (o re o s

nohgess) epore te esponsilty

isor th illgg bove ll \e

th oo were he i

trges or pluner nlly, h 000 res

h ee sre y the s gsolie

hrowes to lght up their le their

ll B who ws here to deen he riote

o os Angeles the ters they eserve?

ll we shll et us leve he eooss

eve over the wenseven llondols lost n the town plnnes oer oe

o ther os etl superrket goe up

n soke n cnre over hs slin

depuy sheri e he socologss weep over

he srty n the oction o ths

eelo he jo o revolutory ournl

s not oly to jusy the os Angeles

nsurges ut o hep cove eir jst

esos. o epli eoreticlly the trt or

whc sch prcl cto epresses te

serch. Algers in July 965 ollowng



medienes cu d'C/al, te stuatiistsubised an Addr5 t te Algerians andt revltiaries al ver te wrld, wiciterreted cnditis i Algeria ad in terest f te wd s Amg teirexamles tey eked e Ameica lacw if ey cld "arm temselvessigicaty would nmas te

ctradictis f e s advaced fcaitalist systes. Fve wee later tissigicace fd a eressi testreet Teretica criicis mdernsciet i i advanced frs and criticismi actns e same sciety cexis a tis sil searated, but bt advacigwards te sae realiy, b takig f tesame tg. ese w crities are tallyexlanatry eac being cmreensiblewitut e ter Or ery f 'srvival'ad te sectacle is ilmiated andveried by tese actis s nintelligible tte Amecan lse cscisness One daytese actins ll tur be ilmiated bytis ey

t is me, te back 'civi gs'destrats ad bee ket by tereade witi te lmits f a legal sysemtat velked te ms aalling vilece te a f te lice and te racialistsIn Aabaa e revius Marc, instace a te tie f te Mntgmery

Marc a as if tis scada was ntscie, a dscreet agreement betwee teFedeal gvenment Gvernr Wallace andPast ig ad led te Selma marcers f1 0 Marc t snd back at e rt reesti digiy ad raye Ts, ecnonti exected by te crowd adbeen edced t te carade f a merelytetial ctan. I n at e,nlence reaced te itil imi f iscuage ist y exse yrelf t te

eemies lws en fre yur magrader t te t sang im tetrouble f sing re frce Bt te basicfact s at te cil igts vement yreainig ti e law, nly sed lglrobles t is lgical t make an aeal te law legally Wat is t lgica is aeal legalJy against a aet ilegality as if

tis ctraicti wld disaear if inted. Fr it is clear tat te sercial andtageusly visible ilegality - o wic

te blacks sill suer in any Aericastaes as its rts i a scie<ic

cntradicti wic existig laws sican tc, ad wic n ture jlaw will be able t get rid f fae of

basic cltral laws f te sciety d itagaist tese tat te blacs ae at ltdaig t aise ei ices ad as rgt lve realty, te Aeri was te tta s\er f tat i

r ntigTe rble f tis necessy fr

sbves arises f its wn acc tement backs stat usig sbveiv e cangever t sc metds ppes

n e evel f teir daily life ae ne ad te sae time as e staccetal and te mst bjectively justdevelent is issue is n lgr testaus f te Aeca blac b te af Aerica eve i is aens t

rst exressi amng te black i

nt a rc clict e iters let �cerai wites w were in teir aaackg ly e we iceeSilary, back sldari did t exte ack skeees t ee t lack rdrve Eve uer Kg i Pas stOctber, ad t admt tat te iits of h�

cmetece ad bee verst e w

nt race its e said, bu class e s Angeles rebellin was a

rebelli against cdiies ad f csers irrcicy sbrdnate to

city values. Te backs f LsAgeles like te yung deliues f aladvaced ctries bu mre adicaly,ecase at te leve a class glalyderived f a fture it is a sectr f eroletaiat nabe t beieve in a sigicace f itegati ad rmti - der caitalist rogada ir its dislas f auece ey \t tssess immdi e e s

ad made abstrcly accessle ey watt mk e f em at s wy tey rjtvales f excage te ommodit-itat is its mld, its se and its algal, wic as pNfJ evering.rug te ad t tey retieve a usetat a ce gives te lie t e ressiveratial f cmmdities disclsig terrelatis and invetin be aritrary anecessary Te uer f e Watssectr was te st sile ssible

realisati e ybrid ricile: "T eacaccrding is (false) needs - needs

ds

tp



lydcial

mor

is

ea

s

t

us

�

,

o

ed a odd by e eonomichih he ac of pilaging ejes

t the fa ha he vaing abundan a is a value and discovd

nsead of eing eealy he use of aleaed abo i e fa of inasing unm eds his fac mans a ea eds

ssd i caival playfu amaio e o of descon h man esys ommodiis shows his humanJUy o ommodiies e ees hmsef he aia foms a loak s ealhe ams of Was onsmed e1e f cosmpio! The hf of lageao b people wih no elcciy or e <iy u off, gives e esile apho fo he lfe of afflcfed io a h pay. Oc i isD

ge bogh he ommody ies open icsm and modiaion and hs undeceve o ts frs t may appa Only5 l as i is paid fo w moey as ats sb of svva a i ehipped feishisialy Pilage s heal spos o h afle sociey: heIec howeve is b no means ua ohu i simply abundan of goodsae moeov which insay dsysodies as sc discloses h um

of omodies, namely h amy

ice ad he ohe specialised deachmns av he moopoly o am ochi h sae Wha s a polieman? He ise acive sevan of commodies he man cpe submssio o commodieshose jo is o sue ha a ve podufhan labou emans a commody wihe aal popety of havig o be pad foisea of bomg a mee efgeao oie - a mu passve issibe hg self sbsso o he s com o mak se

f i. Oe and above h inigniy ofdepding o a lca he blacks jee ndgny of depending on commodisTe Was yoh having o uue in aketems gaspd anoh quaty of hepesen and e ruh o ha pes was sorristbl ha i dw on h wholpoplaion women chid ad evesoologiss who append o nd hemselvso he sene A yog ac siologis oe dsi Bobbi Hollo had hs o say o

e Hr Tbu n Oob "eoepeopl we asamed o say ey ae fo

DTROT

iwhi eig g 1 2h Se i te 1 t i egge bt elwe d sel i egd gu gr

le il w wte ee d

lg one sein ra Ri e w grs a wi ie dig eg, soe wee d eged Pe a lg n es g e bed wele gh a wow.es 0 the ees d wt led d ced si y sid i e s

dng hig cs, s a gs wt wo ay wre aig f ee sig le a ee etey e wig d hvegaaaoo un. was t t ig u ar l a wel al ies. welsd e lled up k ew t oee w e s ar ma wa u g eed ig wihse d ed g

Sme es buy ide the t sueie i 3 wegr ol a ju f h ge Feewy aay d wig ie e a e.

e, he s e ti ebe 10 hut w t e duke

i eage g an age o a i ig wa fiig stgi e stil ih i. lie ed w s d led e an dus

�Gd m e� h a hou a he oe

Th Nw hray Jly 67

WaS hey'd mmble . Now hey say iwih p Boys who always wen aodw hi shis opn o he was and whodhav cu you o sis in hal a seod,sd o apply hee evey moning Thy

organsd he dson of food O ou's o good peending he ood was'plundeed AI/ a hisian ba aseen used oo ong agains he blaks espeople co plnd fo n ye and heywould' ge back half h mony a aseen sole fom m al hse yeas . .yslf 'm s a ile bla l obiHolo who has swon eve o wash omhe sadals bood ha slasd on hemdung he ioig adds Al h wold

loo o Was nowHow do me make hisoy strtn fom

h odiios r-bld o psuadhem no o ake a hand in h LosAngls blacks ae be pad han anyoes in US, bu i is also e ha heyae fes bhind h gh poin oaence which s Cifonia HolYoodhe pole o wolwide spcale is iei immeda viini They ae pomisedha, h pae, ey wil jo n

Aeicas rspr bu y ealis hahis pospi is o a sai sphee b

7



WARK

erb svl s nd lhd

the stee s o f thml af siks wi yllwwigs tem. ·W'vscld t wi mo tystd. Grr Hus,turig strd itysi bitrl ·ls lik

ugig rl.· ws wil ilfr f sts s thGovror Myor, adotr s ougtestedo to rtor w rer

Gorno Hgh oid oltrhi mog ipcto ot h hd f tNhol iy tmohN th ls msrl

The New York Times,Sr 5 Jy 96.

rate a ladder withou ed. Te higher theyclimb te uther ey get from the op,because they do't have a fai start becausethey are ess qualied and thus moeumeus aong the uemployed andnally becase e hieay which crushese is o oe aed simpy o uyigpowe as a pre ecooc fact. An essential

nferiority is mposed o hem i evey aeaof daily life by the customs ad prejdices ofa society in which all human power s asedo buyig power So log as the hmaiches of e Ameca black are despisedand trated as cina moetary rces willneve make hi accepable to e aienatedsociet of Ameica Idvidal wealt aymake a rich black the blacks as a wolemu/ o i a socie ofieachised wealth Every witess notedthis cry which proclais the fundamentalmeanig of the isig: "This is te blackrevolutio, ad we want the wold to kowt! Fo o is the passwod of allhstoical volutions t here fo the time is not po\ey bt mateial abudacewhch ms e cotred accodig o ewlaw he col of abudance s ot stcaging the way it is shared out, butredenig i vy oiio superfciallyad pfoudly alike his is he ftskirmsh of a enormous srule iie in

its ilicationshe black are not isoae thei

strggle because w r

co te coscousness of notbeing te aste of e's activity, of oeslfe in he sligtest deree - is takig forin Ameca aong strata whose efusal ofmoden caitals resembles that of eblack deed, the t phase of e blackstrugle has bee the signal to a movementof oppositon whic is spreadig n

Deembe 196 the studens of Beeeyfrusaed n the paicipation n the civigs movemet, eded p callng a sike ooppose he sysem of Calforniasmltiveiy ad by exensio the socialsystem of the US, i whic they are alottedsuch a passive rle Immediately, drikiga drg orgies wee coveed among thestudens - e same spposed acivities forwhic the blacks have long been castgatedhis generaion of stdets has sice

ivented a ew form of strggle agaist thedoinan specacle e teac·i - a fom

taken p by the dibrgh stOctobe appos of the Rodes is cleay imperfect and opposition rpresets the stge ofd'

whic ses to be lmited in (acdecay) and in is i lotcome is a pogreson to Also in Ocobe, housads of

deonstratos appeaed n the st erkeley and New Yo, their cri�ose of the Wa ote: Get t

distict ad ot of Vietam Th becoing more radica have sep the aw Couses are ive on defraud te recriting board af a bured and the act televisd aent socie disus for aenc an"

5 c is dng expessione spectacle is beig spat on y

advanced secto whose aonomosdeies its vaes. The classical roe

e extet to which it had bee psiteged nto the capialst system hd

tself faled to e e bla slos Angees nios esed ack nl950 ow, the blac ae te rlipont for a those wo rese te lc fitegratio ito at system - ineratiito capialism eig, of coure the e

of al tegraio romise Andcomfort will ever be cofotable e those who seek wa is ot on e or rather that whch the maet einthe level reached by te technolo of mos prvileged becomes an islt and more easiy expressed than tat most baiist which is reicaio The Los lellio is the it in history able to Jstiitself by he argent that thee was no conditiong drig a heawave

he Ameica black has his ownpaicla spectacle hs press maine,

coloed m sa Ad if the black relithis, f ey spew out s speccle fo iphoeyness, as an expessio of eirnwothiness it is eause they see to it tbe a o spectace othig but theappedage of a geeral spectacle heyrecognise tha this parade of theirconsumpiontobedesired is a colony of twhite oe ad ths hey see rog te liof this total economicoculural spectaclemoe icky y wanting to paticpae

ealy ad immedaely n afuece - andtis is an oicial value of evey Aerican -

they d

e AThey

teres

he teseImefo

blackte puden vauspecsavtedisdshaeegepthTthblcs

sb



n S

ss

ty

>e

o

y

d te equalitaian litio of*eica spectacle of everyday lfad tat te halheavenly, al· vales of ths specacle be to t Bt it s of the essece of te! a t caot be made real eitheraely or eually: and is }t hite In fact the nction of te

trms o te spectacle is to serve asfec pd in te ace for ches schiege is a citement to ambiton.) ig te captalst spectacle at ts facel, t blacs ar already rejecting et itself. The spectacle s a drg for I is not supposed to be take bt followed at just a few acestce. f it were ot fo this abet inyace t wo become toa myscaonT fact s that the U today the wtes savd to commodities whil te backsDt tem Te black ask for moe th i - tat is the coe of an nsolublelm, or rather one oly solble through issoltion of the white

'socal system.

i s wy tose wtes wo want o escapeir sevitude mus needs raly thela case. Not a soliday based onr, obviosly, bt i a gloal ejecion ofodities and, in e last analysis of thetate The economic and socialacardness o te blacks allows them what te wte consumer s and thejstied cotempt for the whie s otng contempt or any passve cosumeWtes wo cas of er role ave noace unless they lk tei strugge moad moe to te blacks suggle ncoveigi al and cohere easons and spportingm l the end. f suc a accod were toe rptd at a aical pont the battlete reslt wold be the formatio of a blacktoalism and a confrtaon between e

splte exactly afte te fasion of theevailing system A phase o maletermaton is the other possble oucomeofhe pese situato once esgnatio sverome

Te aempts to bild a blackatoaism separas ad proAfrcan asey are, are dreams givig o answe to eeaity of oppession Te Amecan blacas no fathelad He is n h W otad e s d: so is he rest of te

populaton but the blacks dier insoar asey ar awar of i In his sese tey a

not th most backward secto of their society•but e most advaced hey are thenegatio at work "te bad aspect rodcingthe movemet whch makes hstory byseg te srggle i moto (Ma hPovy of Phiphy) Afca has nothingto o with t

Te Ameca blacks ae te poduct o

modern dustry, just as are eectoics,advetsng or the cyclotron. Ad ey carywithn em its cotadcions. Tese aeme whom e spectacleparadise mustiegrate and repulse simltaneosly, so atthe antagonsm bween te spectacle andthe real activity o me sedecompetely to er eunciatios Tespectacle s ul n the same way aste commodites ut as te world ofcommodities s based i class conct,commodities are temseves erarcic Thenecessiy o commodies ad hence of espectace whose job t is to i/om about thecommodtes o e at oce ivesal adierarchic leads to a Unversalercisatio ut as this ierarsatomus main uow t is expressed i teorm o ackowledgeabl iearchic valuejdgements in a world o o[oltio It is ts pocess wchceaes lm everywere. Te EnglshLaor government as just restrained

cooud immgraton wle the industallyadvaced conties of urope are onceagai ecomig racalis as tey mport ersub·poletarat from the Mediterranea areaso eetng a colonia exploo wner boes nd f Russa cotines to beantsemtic is becase she s still a socetyof erarcy and commodtes in wiclabor mus e bought and so as acommodity

Togeer, commoites and herchies

ae costantly enewng thei allance whcexeds ts inuece by mog its formI! s seen ust as easily i te reaosbeteen trade nionist and worker asbeteen two car oer w aicialydistinuished models is is he orga sino commody ratioality te sickess obourgeois easo whose legacy isbueaucracy te esve absurdity ofceta erarches ad e fact that thewoe world segth of commodies is

directed bindy and aomatlly towarshei ptectio, eads us to see - the

77



moment we engage on a egating prs

tat every hiearhy is absrdhe rational word pred by te

dustal volo has raoally libeated

indiduals m teir local ad natioallimitatios ad elated them on a word

sale; b denies easo by separatig emonce moe aoig o a ide log

wc ds its epssion in mad ideas adgotesque value sysems Ma, estragedfrom s world, is everywhere surroded by

strages The barbaa is o longer at theends of the earth, he is o te sot made

ino a barbaran by tis very same foredparticipation n hierachised cosmptio

e hmansm coag all this is opposedto man, and the negatio of is avity andhis desire5 t s te hmanism ofcommodiies expessing te beevolence of

te arasite merhadise owards he men

o wom i feeds For tose wo ree meto obes, obects seem to acqie ua

alities ad maifestatios of real uma

activiy apear as ucosious aimal

O sl s a suil Chriss prnt r d: Te wy w RiCotrl St'

Te illurti bow is e fr th box. Th t cme Wgt olouricds wi 4 p-ut hrtr, vecles ond o brride dNpxmtely 36- 0 street �

A kem o Stew sys te tut t wl be qUite a od

thee 10 v: Its the s 01 tng tt ges.Wot bt t m n te gn an e e rchn? He's t s e?" sad t spkesman.

78

bhavour. hs te iefL

Ageles, William Parker an s "Tstated beavig ike a bunch omor!a zoo.

\en te state of emergenc w

deced by te Caloria auto

nsce omais called tt �o ve sk at ta le: te ga

othig beyond surivl erll tAmeica black can res ass at

ey keep qiet teir suria is

ad capitalism has beome siel

etralised and entrenhe in te s t

disribte welare' to te poores Btimpy becase hey are beh i h

proess of tensicaton of soiloganised survval he blaks preset

problems of fe and wha tey e �

ot to srvive bt to lve Te blac !

othing to insure of teir own te h\

destoy all te forms of securty ad

isance own up o ow eya

wat tey ealy ae te irreoncilable

enemes - not of he vast majo of

Aercans - ut of te alieaed y

of all moder soiey Te most ad

contry dustally oly sow s te

at will be everywere followed nless

system is overtrow

Certain blak atioalist etreis in

so"n8 wy they ould eve acce e

ta a separate sate, ave advance eargment hat America socey even i

soeday cocedes total ci nd emi

{ualiy, will ever get aoud to ceimied marriages f ;s hrfr hi

Amran 50ty which m sapp, not

oly i Ameria but everywhere i teworld he end of all racial prejdice Oithe nd of so many other predies s

sexual oes related to ihibitions) a l

le on marage itelf; Ia s beo

tie bourgeisj(miy (wih s eston e Ameca bak) s is he rle amuc i Rssia as i e Uited States,

a model of ieraccl relatios and of te

tabiit of an iheried power be it mo

or soioreacratic staus_ is ow ofesaid tha American youth, after tity yeof silece is risig agai as a force ofoppositon ad hat the black revol is teipanis civil wa Tis time its 'Linl

attaions mus nertand the ll

signiae of the strggle in wih teyegage suporting it up to the ed of its

uIve

A

la<th, P

a be

e

Ie

it o

I lSlif;

sfm

sep

hum

the

M

IS



f Los

They

keys in

, the

ntee

, if

nted;

to

se

e tvale

ar as

dde

g

pt exesse o o n e pt eo te e th te red ete f en My 197 wJ y f the tFqust w A gst te pte tuted n e oy, bue - n we� 0 p n se dst

oes e gnt te nu e t beg t ee of the du d bue on h e dd eo s the o ur o te te pos supeses of ete

itrijboscaneigeinet

IS 164



AMA A

E AE

w o hr ha or r

rs 1 rds ra wy-id ria-iti r a, tad sy t Wf A d tor p h ts li o a dla ea o 0 o y d

wllde wm. wYrk pr Jl

oo ot ty ol wit trrlt", d:ri tm om oyod ly t oo l oemo lmor prha

DCR AD TSCARS SUCD

Sicide a ow acticlly eacedepdec pooio te Uited StateIn 19 6 t took tenth pace on tecaue of det te coutry d hrdce ao oe o yon people Se nti-cde cete' one of teopean o a tiovide level i nowbein eiouly coideed

Recently in ance a certai ernadu kiled hiel partly wioteo He w 7 ye' old nd ad been odel eloyee fo te lt fifteen ofe Eveyone wo knew i tat"e d eveythin oe need to be aye d a tenyea-od date, nwho ot on well at cool cain wife. ood ob t IM alry of F250 aot attracely-ned odeet 404 eeviio wacie a reieato d even naua

In a aicle in Fae-S (24

ecee 964) Chale Cao wote"Te o were Du woked watted in uli-torey, -ontedbldn Hi ectio conited ely ofa eal oce Selve tetced o oft. Metal elve. Metl li cbie Itwa thee at te pae a in otedout nd ackaed wee ept Nowiow. Neon it Hi ietae wairreulr Te op w ope fro eve ite o until twelve t it Hi it

wa ced evey fotiht Soeie heot t ve·ity in e oin ad

fiied t fo te teroo Soi$e ie at oe in te oi riwa a ode epoyee o oe wokeder Soeone ueted e tke coe i li He id o He ti ithe evenin He tuded o Stray Sndy Whe e le the o iVcene dove bck to hi he ondy i i 404. He dove in the qeeof trac yo ll ow He wated thec He aw te iht of the tbock of ondy e ti line Tecocete Te opp cee in te ilHe live i e be 1 1 53 1 3

LoBl, G3. at w hi ife:eecoic, ycaper o ette,

efierator nd televiion. It wa lo hie

or everl ye ow let i teSte, it an't bee ncoon to eeecited cow wcin oeone who hbeen iven deeate tete to h

teelve dow f a widow-lede roof Weter te blic a becoe lo weter it i ttracted by oepofeio eccle it oet ited tpy ay uter ttetio to tee uofiltas' le tey ot o t it, and So a a we know, it wa on 1 6 pil1 64, in lbay ew Yok State tt, fte st e i ew te ae ot tte oen Whle Ricd einenn e19 revicted o the bet of two

ou on twelttorey lede cowd ofoe fou oad eole wcin h



chanted 'Jump", A fe pserby

line: "I don', wan 10 w g ve rey me my oe T

gr.

IS o 10, 1966

(AIRpfE . ' � f)N DE

. ' �

81



r gr instalrity, gt wrr

e i nply tet comdr xs tro ree gr iri

lne Fre-Soi pteber

SUASSAD WRS SRUGGLAGAS CSAD AR

To date we hav se subvesiv activity

almost xclsivly i terms of forms and

categoris ied m revoloary

struggls mst of wich ook place i

last ctury. wold i o ses ta w

d ew weapons at ca ispes wit

any reece to past I'm o sayin w

should simply abadon thos foms w hav

used to fgt o the traditioal gronds o

te sprsessio of pilosopy, e

ealisation of ar and abolio of politics

What I am sayig is ta we so

complete e wok of the magazin; d its

compemet n areas wher t magazie as

aied to av any eec

Contlss woes kow perfectly wll

that thy have o conol ovr the se of

thi livs. They know it, bt they o't say

so in the angag of ineteen cy

sociaism

\hat w have to do is to rlate

teortcal crtcism o s socety o th

more practica orms of opositon appann its midst erly y sbrtig

spctace's own proositios, we can

produce straight away more than ough

reasons to jsti ay evolt ithr today or

tomorrow

I would sugges:

1 TE RSO HOOCOMC

Also of so-call pornographic potos

latter cold b made very powrf ined�impy by addig some eal ialoge

82

Subvsive bbb bgn to or m insi

evyoe loog at these potos inst lavig thes bbbs to dissolv ad

isapear agai s opeao wl mtm break ou al over e surfac of i

In fac h wh fc dVU

cou b suverted simly by adding s

bbbs i particla t poste alo t

ndrgnd coridors, some of wic fll

ito p extraordinary sequncs in acase

GEA MA MA

A extremely impoat orm o srle,

v beore t stage of urban gurl

popery spakig The way has bee a

y those Artiias wo size e c

ck of o of tose giant o sigs at

can poduce whol ss of caging

pictus ad slogans ad broacast t

commendatios to soce at lag An

wo was tinkig o avig a cr ck at io studios a better gt a move on i

wo't b too long ef ore ey'r actly

gardd by te army or modestly i

ayon ito am radio ca for ext o

otig am if not bradcast on a ocal

lvl e small size of te eqipmnt

cocered aowing one etrem mobilit

ad oter ediens to escap dtectio Afw years ago a sma grop of peope

kick ot of te Dais CP ha their o

pira radio staion for a wile. Fakenmbr of vaos priodicals cod add

the

of

tha

ou

to

o

w

t

on

d

a

o

c

s



•�CO(USi o he enemy is is

vage and liited for reasos

b obvou. llgali of hs ype o actio cts iayorgaisatio that hasn' chose

ud herwise it means the

., la separate pe og/o

t ai on: and tis s ipossile

' w, ,";gh' comparmetalisaion, ;" hy etc wiout, a word big

M rose path to erorsm by th dd, however s a very

atte ad would seem to be fa te point. OU ideas ae i

mi - we a know that - and

l gp of people ca imrovis and

o exprments already made by

This tpe of noncoceed actio0 hpe to cas any majo pheaval,t it ld play quie a cosiderable le i

p the consciousess gwng

h socey. I ay case heres no

ge o hg up aout he wod�l. Most ca5s of this type o actio

t ctally illga anYay Bt ea ois so of action will ake ewspape

dit paraoid abot the ypesette

cos of boacastig paaoid aot

thcas, etc at eas nti a modate ore spcic epressive

lsltion as worked out

TION COM

ics ae the oy y polar itraure

J e wentieh ctry hose permaentlyged y ir ya at schoo seem oave dic stoppg themselves writg

Phs on the subjct However theyl gt

ttle joy o o eaig ad collectig ours.

smably theyll by hem us for hleasre of burig he. This approach -

s agais pop ar wic breaks comicsdown o piecs - is designed to restoe toocs thei lifebood and thei grande

4 UIO T IL

he cema t most mode ad clalythe most fleible orm of expresson ortie has eained saic for early thr

uaes of a ceuy t ay wel be theseventh ar' so dear to ad lm

clbs, but, so fa as we ae concerned thecycle has een compleed lnce trohm

te oy 'r Ctz K Mrai and the leist ls), \ i hee

are a fw asterpieces sll o be eahedi ilm achVes or o the shelves of oeg

distriutors. We shoul tak over the fit

lisping o hs ew aguag in paticlaris mos sopisticaed s most mode

exampls, which have escapd artistic

ideolo even ore sccessful!y thanAmerican gade ovies newseelaile ad aove all ads

te service of the commodit ad the

spectac to say te least of it t eetechnically comerca advrtisig on and i h cinema has laid th foudatios

o wha Eisestei had glimpsed when he

talked of Ing e Cr ofPoal

coo or e Gera ology

I am se could m T D

ll o Specala

Commoy Eyi sch a way that any workr Was

cod estad t eve i he had a cle

as o th eang of the title And hisworg in a ew medim wod deney

elp o sapen p our adg of the same

poblems in prse. his cold be checkedout by for eaple, akig h lm

ao / Mu ad Deach beoe

writig c 0 e COOSS f al ih ll be e L , t

euivale in the magazie. he ciea

eds iself paiculaly well to t sdy ofhe pesent as a histoic probem to he

dsaing of the process o eiicaioertainly histoic eaity can oy beappeheded ow ad lmed in thecoe of a coplcated process o

mediatios wch allow cosciosness to

ecognise one moe in aoher, its goaad its acon destiy s destiny in tsgoal and is acio ad its ow essece

ths necssiy A ediatio which would be

diicult if the epiic estence o actheselves wa ot aleady a mediated

eistence which oly takes o heappearanc o immediacy insofar as ad

becase of, a cosciosness o mediation isabsent ad b facts have been uprootedom tei detemg cicmstances adplaced n an aicial solatio ileaed i

es of montage the tradiional ciema,which gund to a halt with socalledobec fos, with the efurbshig of

politicomoal cocepts, o th rareoccasons i maged to avoid acadeic type

e Myor of e ow Pt s

at Clauswill e t a e-cndt pss thrghit ekp ie 's emereyw.



SIUATIONST PRPAGANDA IN SPAN (1964)

I ca't hink f aytig beNer a slp wh o Aua m. Thy e!

84

The mac l be tw /a r i

,,. LA EMAtciPCIO

. D RI lS TJ

SER LA 08R OE

ELOS M i S MOI

naave wih all s bllsh That i� 1

fo a sa woul be beer ofas a l

as pose Not tha Goa e bes �

o e pChe Sss - would

eta m of t eie ay.

tug

e ig y a ecpete a w or

phae taen rm i like comeal

aesg He'll ee b able o mOT

han ake a nose abo he laes n

h has pike p e images o str s

of the ime (80nnot, woe Max mde in

te USA Pio Ie Fo Debo oetry,e). H rea s te cil of Mao an

oa·a

e cinea allows on o expess

anting just as h as a book an ata leale o a pos \hic is why we

houl stplae a m now o evey

siatons sol be as goo at mang a

as a witng an atle ohing is

goo fo e lak of Was

Re Vinet, ISo.

1 1 1967

MO

R

O

T

o

0

p

tp

a



NMUM DETO AVOLOARYGASATO

e nly pssibe pupse f a evtiay

isatin is te li ll xisting

ses n sh a way tat ew diisin f

Iey is pded. Ths we sec a

oansatin as eing vtiary i f it

ses y. dawig n te

ie te petian vtis is ety, he inenaial ad absle

e te wke' uis

A evly gistin ehe eels

itique f ife s a we it is wress

By tie f ife we mean tiue ll

he egrapi zes whe ivese ms f

si-emi we a estabised, pls a

rtiue f evey aspe lie

e Apa ad Omea evutinary

pramme is th ttal dsati c\eyday ie ts gal is nt te se

anagement the wld as i is by te

sses; ts gal is te pemae

tnsmati te wld his eals

adial tiue f plitil enmy

seess te dy an wge

lau

IV

A lutinay ri ejets yeprdui wih itself the ieaial

strute tempary siey Te ly

im f 1iipa In is al demay IS

e egiti ad seappbatin f ea

its membe te eee its

rtiue is eee esdes in te

rtial ey iself ad i h elatin

between tis ey ad patial ativiy

adially tises a del as sepaate

we f deas ad a ideas seaate

we t is a e te egti y

suval eliI ad f te evailig

sial speale whih ews mei

mass t mlses uibetween peple aud the passive

reeti f e images f tei w

aleated ativit edes al eviay

iel by shwing it t e te ms

mpant symptm ailue evtinay pjet te vate prpety f

ew pwe speialists e impstue a

ew epseatin wi eets sel abve

al petaiaisel lie

adopte by he Sevent Conference

e 96

5

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d tco low ofro vrd s o t fr 0 lelt r, tl dyy frowd upo ypwrir o drt drtr l etremely

t ot, o o ti o ud twoE t i o oo l eo i rec, xit w wr:

Did't you ow t yo ivid oo Co oo w r wello B t�!

two w oplyvyo t t -ct atemt le ioi ll t l i lg o rp ovr e idoulyl do

T ly oo o me l teyo t o i vw ty ill you

'Eight days wfh h strangbls o h Congo',Franc50i Augs964



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H PROLARA ASBJC AD ASRSAO

T q f t s s f h druto f al oit

t ll rt t if o f s f« ni 8 n r f rm siti thid i t rmy.

Priamy nqe on h nsrctin f 18 M

h ra moveme a expe

isg odiion re ov ociy om

mom of bougeois's vioy

e onomy ad viiby ar e oiia

anaion o i vicory. Th d\opm

div forcs sad h od

aon o prodcio ad a a ord

o d. Wavr a abo

oms ioa

By being ron ino oy, by avig

o atiia n e abor ad gg

whic mak soy m n mvs

ord o vie he aiohi i a idman Ti ioy a o obj diic

o a ai by isf vn og

a coio meahyica vo o

he ioca po oud e

civ progsio og ic sory

ha nodd a vry obj o iory.

The 5j o iory a ony b iving

odig imef bcomg ma a

oo o i od i is ioy and

exiig a in5 hi game

cas gg o ogetia eph inrodd by h is o

bogose dvop i e am ur

a ht I. th diai

og hih o oge igs o oo or

e meaig o a i b ries 0 a

odg o dioio o a a i

an n i mO\emen disov a araio

Hg o oge ad o e

ord b anfmain o od

y nng ranmaio

Hge is oy h phi compion o

iooy. a o ad a ord

hih mk e. S hioica og

so ar oy conscio hich aay

ariv 10 ae an c oo

siaio a h acL h i a go

yod epaaion oy i hgh

paadox hih ois o maig e

meaig o a reaiy dp on i ioia

compio ad a am im o

vag i mang a i ma i io

t ompion o isoy os om h

imp ac a ink o e bou�oi

vouions o vn ad eigceuies sog i s iooy ony a

i r o es

rvoio "Eve a a hoopy o

borgoi revoion i do o s

i po o s evouo b oy is

ia onio. i e i i o a

poopy o rvouio bu o he

oaio (Kar oc Hel R). g did or e a

m or o e phoophr

goao o a i; bu ha isor im od arady be oig a



Af h 51 i 96

e ttaty hista veent Theexena psitin thght having in acteen peseved, t cud e asked ny yis identiicatin with an eae pect piit, asute her wh id what hewanted and wante what he d and whseaccpishent cnides with the pesenthus psphy, which dies in the thught histy an n nge gr its wdny y denying it sine in de t seak itust pespse tha this tta histy t

whih it as ede eveything is aeaycpete and that he ny tina wheethe judgeen tth d e given

seden the reaiat shws y its wn

exisen thrg ats that this hght histy is nt gtten the denia theccu5 is a the sae tie hecnatin e ethd

he thught histy can ny e savedy eing pacta thugh and the

pactice the pretaat as a evunaycass cannt e ess than histacnscisness peating n the taity iswd. A the theetia cents theevuay wkes veent gew ut a itica nrnatn with Hegeianthught Stine an Baunin as we asMa

The insepaae chaacte Maxs

they and the Hegeian ethd is itsein�epaae the evtiay chaacte

this ey, naey r its tuth nespect t the ate, his irt eatnshp has

88

een geneay gne, isndert«wse yet, denue as the wea$what enesy ecae a Maxist denstein, in his The Sc �a-ca PaC/i, eey he cnnectn eteen te diaeeh and hsca aah deping the nscientic rasts

1847 ( n the iinenc petaan evtin in eany histrica autsuggesin, s ees any pitia visinay cd hady an ete wu e nehesi ia Max, w at tha tie had aeadseisy studie ecns i ne see in this the rt a eve antithetica Hegeian daeti whiMax n ess than Enges, d nevecpetey ee hise. n thse ties of

genea evescene this was a the moata hiThe evea wich Max ings a

a savage thrugh tanse the thtgeis evtns des nt vacnsst in putting he ateastdevepent ptive ces in tepace he tjey he egeian iving twas its encnte . th its e its ecing jeve eing ideit its aenatn, an its hsa wneaving n sas Hsty ece ea o

nge has a . Max has ine thesepr/c psiin ege cnrnted wtwha its ds On e the hand t is heneatin the ecny's veetin the inant thugh the pesescie which is the ee heitage the acal at Heges etwads a ia syste. t is an aplwhich has st the diensin the an whch n nge needs a Hegeian tusti tse ecause the veent whic it

seeks t paise s n e han a setwithut a wd vew whse echaniadevepent eectivey inates the whMax's pject is he prject a nsishisty The Quanitatve which arises in ind devepent eey ecnpdctive ces st e ansed n

atave histia appiatin. hecqu 0politil is the st act ths e 0 e: "O a thenstuents dctin the geatest

pdctive we is the evutinay asstse

eunefn

wh

na

s

"Whs

gvvhathde

exec

oo

s

eSt



f

Wat losly lks arxs thry t

it thught is th tnal

estanding f th foes whh raly

eate in society But Max's they is

ametally beyond scentiic tought

ere scientic tought s nly preseved

sch as it is sperseed h qeston

t deand rugge, and nt t ws

W ow only o sine: th sence oity (e Gma )

e bugeois epc whh wants to

e a scenc fdatio t istoy

erlks te fac that this existig science

isef rater be istally basd i

t onomy versely history adialy

eeds o eonom knwedg only to t

et at t emains cm ry. The

e to which the e of isty in e

emy (the glbal pes which mies

w asc scentic pmises) culd elookd by t ewpoin f sin

bsvain is show y he va f tos

ialist caclatios whh thogt tey ad

sablshed the exact piodiiy f cises

ice te constan ievenn f the state

sccded i cmpesatg fo the efect f

tedeis owards cisis, th sam pe

asoing ss in is quiibim a ditiv

mic hamony Th pt

\eming e economy, t poct f

takig pssessn f histoy, vn if it must

kw ad bng back o itsf - te sciece society canot tself be se In this

Jaer movme which tinks i a

mat pese histoy by mas of

itic knowldge, te evolutnary point

f view mas

he opian nt o soalism,

altgh temselves histaly gded in

te itiqu f he esting sial

gaisatio, an rightly b ald utpia to

t xtent that ey e histry - amely

th eal su taking pla as wel as themovement f tim byo th mmtable

pfecti o tei pitu of a happy sciey;

t nt because they eec since On the

rary upian tinks a completely

dmaed by th scetic hug o ali

tuies Tey soght te mplton of

this genea atonal systm thy dd ot i

ay way cosi emselves dsamed

prphets since y beivd i the socia

pw of scietic pro ad evn, in the

cas o Sait�Smonism, in seizu ofpw y sciece How, aske< Smba,

did tey want t seize troug strggl

wa mus ?" Nevetheess th

scit oncepto f th opians did t

xted o th knwledg at sm sa

gops hav iteress in the existing

siati the foces to maintain , ad also

the frms f false cnsciosess

cospndig 0 su positions. his

nptn remaid wll withi tehstorial alit f the dvelpmt f

sin slf, wic was laly oiented y

th sa mnd ta cam fom suh

factrs whic selected t y what cold

be admitted, but als what culd be

eseared Te utpia soialists

maing prson of t me 0

xpsn scec uth, nivd tis

tut tems f ts pue abstrat imag in

the sam way as it ad been impsed at a

muc eal stage scity A Sbsevd it s n mdel onm

ta te utpias togt ty wd

disv ad dmonsrat te law o sety

Th amoy evisaged by thm hosil to

histoy ows m a atmpt to apply t

scity t sence least dependt istoy his amony tes t make itslf

visible wi te xperimental nnoce f

Newtniansm, and t happy destiy

sntly poslated pays in thr sal

s a analgus to tat wi ina

olds in atinal mechaics" Maauxu u oe du aa/).

The detmisic·sciec side in

tog of Max was precisey gap

trough wh e pss of ielgisatn

ptatd t the thoretial hriag eft t

t woks' moeme wh h w stl

aiv oming f the histal subct s

stll pused f ntl ate and it is

ecomis te histical sCece par

excelln wh tds ireasingly t

garat t nessity o its own ftungatin wha is pshd ut o h eld

f thoretial visi i ts maer is th

evltonary pactice wc is th only tut

f this gan at becmes mpoant s

patietly t sdy ecnmic develpmen,

ad cnt to acpt sffng th aHgelia traquility, so tat e rest

mais a gavyad f good itetins

Oe disvs that now aordg to th

scine o revtions cnsusnss ws

comes to son and has to be taghtHstry as shwn at we ad all wh

89



..

thoght s we dd, we wrong History hs

clerly shown at e state of economic

development on te conient t that time

was far m being ripe ", Engels was to

say in 189. Thruout hs lfe, arx ad

mntned unitry point of view in s

heory, but the sm of the theory ws

are out on the rr of the dominnt

thought by becoming precise n the orm ofcitiques of prcur dsiplnes, prinipally

e critie of the ndamenl science of

borgeois socety, poiticl economy It s this

mtilation ater cepted as dentive,

whic hs constiue Marxism'

The shortomng of Marxs theory is

ntrlly the shotcomg of the

revolonry strugge of the rolea of

his time. Te workg lss di not set off

e permnent volution in the Germany of

1848;the Commune was defeated in

solation Revoltionary theoy ths nnot

yet achieve t own totl existence xs

being redced to defending nd cain it

thn te sepation of schorly wo, n

the sh useum, mpled a loss in the

theory tse t s presely the sentifc

ustictions dawn aout the uture

evelopment o he worng clss nd the

organisaional practice ombined with these

justicatios which were to become the

obstaces to pretarian onsciousness a a

moe dvnce stage.All the eoreti nsufiency o e

defence of petan revoltion

can e traced in erms of ontent as weJl as

form of sttement, to ientiction of thepetaat th te borgeoisie.

he tendeny to bse of the

scientc validiy of pletaian power on

e expemen in the pst obscres

Mx's histocal though, om the

M on ring x to dvote a

e mage of e development of modes ofpouction ought on by lss sugles

whih end ech ime, with volutionary

transformtion of he entire society or wth a

mutul destrcton of the clsses n

struggle But in the visibe reality of hisory,

s Marx observe elsewhere, the sitic

moe of poduction pserved its mmobilty

in spie of al class conontations, jus as

serf urisins never defeated the lndlods

nor the slve evolts of Antiui the ree

men The liner schema loses sight of thefac tha he breisie is he y

9

evutioa class ha wn; e

same ime it is the only clss for developmen of the eonomy was e nd the consequene of its ting l

ociety The sme smplcation le nelet the eonomc le of te ste i manaement of clss soiety If te ougeoise seemed o lberte e

from the state this only took place t t�exen tht the former stae ws he

strument of cass oppresson n a scnmy_ The bougeoisie develope i$

atonomous economic power in te

medaeval perod of the wekening of

ate, at the momet of eudl getti

of bance ower. But the moder s

whih thrugh Meranilism bega t

support e developmen of the borgei

nd whih nally became is se a t M

of ssfire lai5sr passer, ws o lae that it was enowed t a cenr

power in the alclated mnment f �

Omc pc Marx was nevetele

abe to desce, in Borim the N

of the moern sast bueaucay, he iof capial and 51ate, he ormtion of

naon power of capital over or,

pubic fore orgnsed for socil

enslvement" in which he borgeoisie

renounes all hisoal lfe whih s no i$

rdtion to he economc history of tis,

an wold ie to e condeme to hesme poltic nothingness as oer clsses

ere the socio-politic foaons o t

modern spectacle are ledy esbshed,

negtively deing the leaat as e peer 10 hiical l

The only two classes which effectively

orspond to Mrx's eoy the wo r

classes towds which the entir nalysis Cpia leds the bogoisie and he

preta are lso he ony t oevolutionry lsses n history, b in \erydiernt ondons he bougeos

revoton s completed; the prletrin

evolon is a pret born on the

fondation of the preceding revolution bt

diffeng m t qitatively. By neglectng

the iginly of the hsoical le of he

borgeoisie, one mas the concree

origiity of the proletaan poject which

c ttai nothing if not by carying its o

color5 and by knowing the immensiy of its

tasks he borgeoisie came to powerbease it is the clss of the deelopment

eo

po

o

o

y

a

e

oe

p

e

f

i

e

p

w

a



e

X tothe

my

o

eI

e

my. he proletarat canot itsef be e

ecet by ecomg the la e wth of rouctives nno uaratee such a ower even

� t detou of the ireasig dispossession\ t creaes A Jaoin sezure of owet e is nsumen No g an

e he rolearat to dsgse is partial

ls because i cannot eserve any atiallty whch is effectively ts ow

f arx, a gve period of hsciato in the pretariats strggle,ced too muh om scietifcastig to the point of creatng the

iteletal foudato fo the ilsions of

«nmsm, s known at he did otnay succumb to ose ilusions n al-kown leer of 7 December 87

omayig a artile whee he himsefctcised Cp a article wc Egels

d to as of o te pess as te wok o a

vesary, Mar early eposed the lmits of w sciece: he �b/ teden the autho (whih was peraps imposed

by his politial ositio and hist) namely the manner wch he viewsd presens to other the utimate rests of

te real movemet the eal socal esss no elatio to his ow actual anayss"hs Ma, by deouncing the tedetioscnclsons' of his o objtive anaysis

nd by e iroy of the rhaps' witherece to the exa·scentic coies

iosed o m at e same ime shows theetodologCa key o e fson of the wo

ssThe fsio of kowledge ad acto must

e realised n te historcal stuggle itself sotat eac of tese terms paces he guaanteef it trth in the other The formation of the

roletaria ass into a subject means he

oganisaion of revolutonay stgges ad

te orgasaon of sociey a e mom: s then tha the

paa odos os� mustes codtions i whih the theory ofraxs is conrmed by becomig raica

theory. However ths central uesto of

organisation was the qesto least

develoed y revolutoay theoy at theime wen the woker movement was

ouded amely wen this eory stil hadthe uay arater whih ame rom the

oug of istory. Theory had ndetakenreisely this ask i order to evelo a

ntay hstocal ra) On the cotay,

s esto s the locus o os forts thery allowg is eape y statistand hierarchic mehos of application

borrowed from e borgeois revoltioThe foms of oranisaion of the woes

movemen develoed o he basis o srenunciaton o eory have i tur tended o

peven the maintenae o a ntary theorydsitegratig it ino varied seialsed ad

pata discles his deoogicalestragemet frm eory an ten o oger

recognse the practice vericatio of theitay hstorical thouht whch t had

etrayed we such verication emerges nthe onaeous strggle of the wokers; itan oly help in repessig the manifestation

and the memory o t Ye these historical

forms which appeared n the strgge aeecsely the practcal milie whch he

theoy eede to be tre ey are

equremets of the eory which have ot

bee formlated theoreicaly he ovwas o a theoretical discovery, wle ts

estece pactice was areay e hghestheoreical tr of the nteratioal

rngme's ssociatohe ft sccesses of the strugge of the

Internatoal led t to ee ielf om the

coused iueces of the ominat ideolo

whih srvived in it. But e defeat and

repression whih it soon encoutered

w a4h tg vmnt wi, o m

N d axmum izo w

wok aa3 teoy mti, wi am



bgt to te foregnd a cnflict betwee

te o cnceptions f e pletarian

evltn Both f ee cceptincotaned a authotaan dimeio

roh wic e conscious selfmancipatin of te workng cas i

abandoned In eect te quae which

became irecoclabe beween Marists ad

Bakuninists was tw-edged efern at nc pwe in the revuinary ciy and o

te raniation f e presnt movement,and w the postin of te adve�aries

pases m ne aspect to te other theyreversed temelve Bkni fouht the

ilsi f abihing clases by teathriaria e f sate pwer foreeigthe ecosttti of a domiant breacraticcas ad te dictathip f te mt

kowledgeable, or te who would be

repted to be ch Marx who tugt tat

a matung pces isepaabe omecoomic cotradictios, and democraic

edcain of te worke� would edc tole of th potaan tate to a imple

pa of ltimatn th new social rationimping themselves objectively, denoncedBaknin d s followes the

auoritaaism f a conspiratoial lie

wic deliberately placed itsel abve tteratinal ad frmlated te extravagantplan of impin on sciey te irrepnsible

dictatip f ose w are mostrevoltioary r thoe wo wold desigae

temeve o be c. Bakin, fac,

recited follwe� te bai ch a

pe�pective: "viibe pilot in te ctre te ppular trm we mt direct it notwith a viibl pwer bt w e collective

dictaoship f all te a A dictatrip

wthot badge title r ocial t yet all

the moe pwefl becae it will have non

f te appeaances f pwer Tu two

dgs of te work�' rvutn opposedeac oter, ac containin a paally truecrtique, bt ling te ni te thoh

of histry, and institting themsel·s ito

deogical athortes Pwerfl

ogaiatin like Germa SocialDemcracy ad te beria Aarchist

Fedeatio faitlly erved ne or terof thes ideloie ad everwhere tere reatly diered frm wat ad beeded

e fact f kig at te goa fprleaa evuin a diat ps

mark at the same time the e wakes e real anarchit u

in ts individalst vaians, he t

aaists emain laugable) . Cleti\anahsm tain nly the coclusi hstocal thoh of mdr class _and ts abue demand r th cd

is as ndee as a delibete cot

mthod hus its citiqe of the stu as emained abtract whil icce f ecnmc strle i ar as a fcti of e ilso of deisluton bugt abt by one sigl lo this balernd, o e day ofgral stike the irrecio. aarcists ha a da 10 raAnarcsm is still a dga et the tae and of cases tha is t sy social cnditio of separate ideolo I th d o pue bety wich etverytig and sets aside idea f

historical evl. hs viewpot which all paia desies has iven aachi met of pesentin the ecto of

conditions avour e wo o lf, not aond a peed cca

pcialsaton Bt ti sio bengconsideed i te absote accodig t

idividal caprice befe is actual

alisati, has als cdemned arit an cerece to eaily demont

Aacim as meely t repea ad to at ak te ame impe ttal cclso ievry sge trugge ecae is ccli was fom the begi idetwith te eti tcme f te oveehus akni could write i 183 whe left Ftn Juasne "uth past ne yea�, mre ideas have e

devloped w the Interao tha

would be eeded to save te word, if id

alne cold save it, and callene a

to nvent a new one t i lon th tifor deas, but or fact and ac Th is

no doubt at tis cnceptio presees,

fom th itocal tougt of e pet,tis ctaint ta idea ms ecome

practical, bt t leaves the istoical teby assumin tat the adeae fom f thi

transitio t practice have lready beefd ad wi nevr cane

he aarcits who distgs

temselve explicitly fom the re f h

wrrs mvement by their idelocalconvictn eprdce ti eparatin f

comp

vddb p

eoodsvseoo

has nconanand

samepop

te o

mte

a pe

by a

pa

ve

xide

a ot

hth

si

a

w



de sce(ons oso hesiont oa

oyeow

n oes

sengn

ences among themseves They1e a vourabe grund for the normal over evey anarhst orastonagandsts and deendes o e ownl, specialists who e geneally moi te mo their inteectua ctivity to pea certain enive truthsI respect for nanm of decison the whole been favourable o thetled athot wih thesaion itsef, of pecal feedom; rolutionry anrchsm expects thee pe of unanimiy om the ibeatedtion, obtaned by the same means. the rsa to take ito account poston of condtons etween ai gouped in he pesen struggle and et of fee ndvdls, has noushed eanent separatio among aachists at omen o common decsion, as shown

b innity of aarchs insrections in, lmted and destryed on localll.

e llsion entetined moe o ess�licty by genuine anarchsm is heanent mminence of a evolton whch,byeig istantaeosly ccomplsed, willWe the th of the deoo and the modef pactica ogansato erved rom theioo Anchism n ct ed, n 1936 o ial evoltion and the most advance

hadong n ll time o a pletranwe I this cotext, mst be noted thate sgnal or a generl nsrrcton hadee mposed by the pocaamo of amy On the other hnd to he xtentat this evoluio was no acheved dugte rst days (bese of the existence ofFranco's powe in haf the cony, stroglypored m ad, we e s eenational poletaan movement wasalady defeted, nd becase o svivls obougeois foces or other sttist woepaes hn the camp of the Repblc) heogased aarchst movemet showed tha twas ncaable of extending he mvcoriesof he revouton, o even of jus defedinghem known leade becme minsesan hostages of the boreois stae whcdesoyed the evoltion only to ose e cvilwa.

he ohdox Maxsm of the econdInternatioal s the cetc deoo of thesocals rvolon t dentfies ts whoe

tth wth obecve pcesses n the economy

nd with the poress of a cnton o thisnecesst y the woing class edcated ythe oganisaon hs deoo dcoverthe condence n pedagogcal demonstratonwhch had charcterised topn socsm,bt mixes t wth a coempla referenceto the corse of hstory Ths tude aslost as much of the Hegelian dimension of atotal hstory as it has o the mmobile image

of totalty present n the uopan crque(mos highly developed by ourie) sscientic atude can do no mor ha evvea symmety of ethca choices; is om thsatttde that the nosense of Hlferingsprings whe he states that rcogising enecess of socaism gives "no indcation ofthe practcal attue to be adopted or t sone thng to rcognse a necesty and t squite aohe thing o pt onesef a thesevce of this necessit (Fazkapta

ose who iled to recognise at, foMarx and he revoltionay pletaat, theuntary thoght o hstory a ay

dtcm te pactca ade to adopted, egay ad to become vctms ofthe practce they smlaeously adopted

The ideolo o he soca-democrtcoranisation gave power to o50$ whoedcaed the worig cass and the orm ofoganisaton adoted was the form mosstabe fo this passv appenceshp he

patcpton of socalsts of the Sondteaonl i politcal and economcsrggles was admittedy concrete butprofoudly cica t was conucted the name of votioa $ y meansof an obvosy omit pracce hs thevoltionay ideolo ws to be shatterdby the very sccess o those who held it.h sepation o deptes nd onass nhe moveme drew toward a borgeos wayof ife those oeos ntellectals who had

aleady been recuted fom the strgges ofndstrl wores, and who were themseveswoers into broe of labo power whosold abo as a comodt, for st pceI er activi was ielf covenienty aleo$ppo economicaly ths rormsm whch tolerate polcally the legastcagaton o he socal-democts Schncomablt was garateed by thescence; bt histoy constanty gve he e to

Benstein, he social-democrat rthest

fm poltca ideolo and most openly

93



W r ? I Pa Mall ll

ae l? os r: its t m qu w-fnihdad ort Wos mis i? wt s bickla ss? lldccas rs

prptil rn . ght an nifriftyl pi l bfi d it i mm la c I j rr a ltlaalt I wld ik td y tt drg lt uy g ptt mi rm t wokss.. ay h a 01 kld r d o 01a oss ilor cs tot;

bt o b fonii i th m hiisa s tis a d t igr a ? Yo mdci f o rs t et tt t r lll Qt t rm te t om tbtt but f t e.

fl 0 May 1963

attace to the meodolo o borgeoissciene ad the onesy to want o

demonstrate te reality of tis conradictionThe Engish workers reformist movementad also demonsrated it by doing withoutevoltionary ideoo However, the

contadion was denitively demonstrated

ony by istoca deveopment itself

Though full of llusions in other respectsBernstein ad denied tat a crisis incapitals production would miaculosly

fore e hand of socialists wo waned to

ineit e voluon ony by this egitimaterite he moment of profound socalupheaval which arse wit e rs woldwar toug ferile wih he awakening of

conscousness, wie demonstaed tat tesoial-demorati hierarcy ad notedated in a rvolutonary manner and

ad in no way made te German workesinto theecas. Te rs time, when the

vast majoriy o he party rallid to teimerialis war and then in defeat wen tsuashe the partacist revoltonares Thex-worker e stil beieved in sin, since headmitted at he hated evoltion lke sin

And te same leader showed imself a good

forernne of the soalst repea

wich sortly afterwards oposed tsef to

the Russian poletariat as its absolteenemy moeover omlatng xacy e

same pogramme of this new aienationSocialis mea wong a lo."

Lenn as a arxist inke, was no more

than a atl and consistent Kautskystwho applied e revotoary delogy ofths orodox Marxism to Rssiancondions conditions which d not allow

the reformist patie carried on by e

eond Intenational In e Rssian

context te eea dirction of thepretariat acting by means of a discipined

andestine part sboinated tointeleals who ad ecome professonaevoltionaries forms a prfession whih

will not negoae with any eadingprofssion o capitalist sociey (the Czai�tpoitical regime being in any case nable to

o sch an opening, which is based on anadvanced stage of ourgeois power) ttereore becomes te prs� o theabolute maagemet of societ.

Te autoritaian ideoogica adicalism

o the Bolsek exended itself all over theworld wth the war and te olapse o te

socaemocatc internaona i tuthe war The bloody end of the deillusions of e workers' movemettransomed the entire world into a Rand Bolshevism reigning over e revolutionary bea brught on b

epoc o cisis oered o proeaia lands ts hiehic and deoogical .

tha they ould speak Russian' t thering casses enin did not Maxism of the Second Intenatial being a revoltionary deology bt for

ceag o be one.The same hisorica moment whe

Bosevism trmphed or te in iand wen soiademoracy foght

victorioslyr the ld uld marks ecomplete brth of he state of aa wh.

a the heart o e moden speclesdomination: okn ass radically oppose itself to e working

In al preous revolutions", wro Lxemorg in Rt Fahe o 2 1 Dcm

1 9 1 8, e combatants faced eac ther

diectly: class against cas progameaganst prgamme In e present

revolution the troops prtecting he ol

order do not intervene under the insigni the rling class, but nder te ag of asocialdemocray pa' f the enralqestion of evoton ad been posed

openly and onestly capitalism orsocaism? the great mass of the prlet

wold today have no doubts or hesitato.Ts, a few days beore its de�truction th

radica crrent of te erman prletaiat

discovered te seret o e new oditionwhic had been reated by the pedigpress towards which working class

epresentaion ad greay contribted spetaclar oganisaion of dfence of the

existng order the social reign of

appearances wee no cenl eston any longe e posed openly and honestlye revoionary representation of theprleaiat had at this stage become both main factor and the centra reslt of the

geneal fasificaton o society

The organsation of the poletaria on teolsheik mode born out o Russan

backwardness and the resiation frorevolutionary strggle of te workesmovement in advanced contries fond in

te bakwadness of Rssia all theonditions wic carried this form of

or

tm

<

t



ace of

rtic

a

ae, so

e

h i s

ss

I"

e

istio towrd e counter-

iory reversl which s nconscioslyt ts sorce The epeated reet of ss of te Euopea woeet i te fce of the Jic Rhodus, ie

la of te - perod, retreatic icued e vioent desrucon of its

il ior f\oured te copetio of

lsevik evelopent ad let tiscil reslt present itsel to the world a

ly roletian soutiohe seizur ofa tte monopoly of represetation ad thece of te worker' power wic

tied te Bosevik pty mde e ary w" i s, e pry of te

rieors of the proletara esseially

nag the earlie fors of proper.For twet yers the varied tendees o

ss socil-emocray ad evisaged alle coditios for e liquidaton of Caris

i teoreticl debte tht was eve

tisfctory hey hd pointed to teekness of the bougeoisie the weigt oft pes ajoty ad e decisve re of cocetated nd cobative u hardly

meus proletr hese coditos

lly fou ther soutio i pctice, but

cuse of facto which ad no been

et in e hypotheses o teteoreticis the evoltionary breacrcy

ich directed the pretriat seized state

power and gve socie a ew classdomion Stcy bourgeois revouioad bn impssible; e dmocraticcttorhip o worers and peasas" ad

o meanig. he poleran power of theoviets could not maintain itself

simuleosy gins the class of small

ldownes, te ntiol nd itertionl

ite rectio, d its ow epesentationeernlsed ad aliented i the for of woke pa o absoute aster of te

state, e econoy expesson d soo ofhought. e theoy of permet revoutioof Totsy PrVs whch eni

oped i Apl was the only heorywic became tre for coutes wee e

social development of the bougeoisie wasretarded bt this theory becae rue onlyafer the introdctio of he unkown actorhe cass powe of the bureaucracy. Tecocenaon of dictatorhip i te hads o

he supreme represettion of deolo ws

dfended most consistently by Leni in eumeros coronttios of te Bolsev

diectorae Lei ws igt evey time

gaist his dverries i tht e suppoedthe solutio impied by eier coices of

absolte mnoriy power e democracy

which ws kept fro pesants by mns 0/

I s wol ave to be kept r woresas well, wic led to eepig t

counst ede of uos d the

etr pry, d even the leaing pryhierchs. At the t ogress wen te

rnstdt Sovie d been defeed by sd bried uder clmny Lenpouced the olowg concusion agin�t

e lefis bureaucrats ognised i aWorke Opposiion' the ogic o wic

tali woud lter extend to a perfec

division o e word ·ere or ther with arie bt o wi e oppositio . . We'vehad eogh oppositio

After Konsadt a the tim o he ew

econoc poiy he bueccyremaiing sole ppieto of �l

cpitis, st o l assre is powe

internlly by es of tey iancewith e pesty Eteay, it efede

its powe by usig worke regeted ito

the bueucratc pties of te hdIterntiol s supports or Rssiadipomcy, ths sbotgg te entire

revoluionry ovement and supportngorgeois governments wose aid i eeded

in intrnatioal politics (the powe o eKomiang in hin - theoplar ront i Spin and in race etc).t the bureacratic sociey was to cotiue

its ow consolidio by eerg terror on

e peasty i order to reise the most

brutal primitive captaist accmlatio in

isoy The idustrilistion of the Stainistepoch reveals he eity eind errcy: i is the cotiuatio of the

power of the ecooy, e salvaging of te

esseial of the comod society, amelypesevig cooity laour. It is prof of

the iepee enomy which domintes

socety o the poit of recreting for its oweds the class domnion ece5ary o it Inother words the bougeoisie as created anautoomous powe which so log s its

autoomy lsts can even do withot a

bourgeoisie The oaltarin breauccy i�o th ast owning clss in sory i te

sn�e of ruo Ri7i; it s only a tit

rg c or te commodiy economyIeective capitalist prvate poper is



rplacd by a simplied subpoduc, onewhich is lss divid and is conctadinto h collctv popy of thbeacatic class. This undvlopdom o uling class is also th xprsson ofeconomic nddevelopment and i ha noo ppctive than o ovecome thaation o is dvlopment cerain

gions of th wold t was th worpa orgaised accoding o th borgoismodel o separatio which podd thheachicalstist cadre fo thissppmntay editio o the rg cass.Anton Ciliga osrved in one o Sli'sprisons that "chnical qsons oogasaton nd out to b socialquestions (Lnn nd th Rvutin)

Revolutoary ideolo th hn fth pt o whch Leninsm rpses

th grast voluntaristic ef maaging aaliy which jcs it /n t t th ninhn th Stinism At tat poiteolo is no long a wapon but a goale le wch is no logr chalngdcomes lunacy Realt wel as t goaldisolv in th totaltaan deoocalpocaaton: al t says is all the s It s alocal pitism of th spcacl whos olis never1less essti i th dvopmof the world spectcl Th idolo whichis materialised i this context has ocoomicaly rasormed the world ascapitalism has having reached the stage ofabudac it has rly trasfordprptn i a polic ar

The totaliaia-iological class in powris the powe of a upsid-dow world Thstong it s, the moe claims no to xistad ts forc srvs above aU to am itson-xistc It is odst oly on thispoint, becas its oci nonistc mstaso cocd wi n p t of

isorical devlopmnt which issimltaeously due to s inlib commaSpad vywhee the bueacacy must be nb to conscousess; as arslt, all social lif bcos insa hesocial orgaisaion of asolt falshoodows fom this fndatal cotradictio

Stalnism was a g of trror within hbaucratic class itsel. The troism a thebas o t powe of the class st alsosti this class bcaus it possesses o

uridicia guaatee, no ecogised eistencas ownig cass, which coul etend o

vy one o ts memb al pop hidd th buraucacy only becamepopritor by way of fals cosciousssFals cosciosnss psrvs its absoltpow only by as of absol trrwe al eal otives a y ost. hmmb o the bueacrac cass in av a ght o ownehp ove socie ol

collctvly as paicipas in a udaetlli hy hav to play th o o aprolaia ladg a socialist sociy; have to be actors loyal to a scipt ofdologca disloyaly Bt cvpaicipatio this lyng existce st tslf rcognisd as trthf paicpao buaucrat can suppo his ght to poriivialy sinc proving hat hs asocals poetaia wo man prsetihmsel as he opposite o a buacat ad

povng that hes a bureaucat is ipossesinc ofcial tuth o the bueacrac that it dos ot st hs vry beatdpds absolutly on h n gno idolo which coiss hcollcv paticpaon is socist ro h r it n nnhit. all th acats tak togete dievythg th cohsion of thei ow clacan oly b assud by th coctatio fthei terroist pow in a sil pso Ithis pso resids th oly practica t falshood n pwr: he indisptabpmac o ts costaty adstdfontir Stali dcids witho appea is ialy o a possssing bracra inothr wods who should b nadprlearia i pow' o traitor h aof the Mikado or Wall Strt' Thacatic atoms nd the coo sof thi ght oly in th pon o Stal.Stal is th wold sovri who in tiann kows himsf as h absot fo the conscousnss o wich hr is gh spit. sovg of h wodas acal cosciosess of wat h is hnival pow o ecacy i hestuctiv olc which h e agtth slf of his sbjcts who contrast hiJust as h is th powr tha ds hsph o domination h is "th pW !g th ph

When ideolo havg becoe asotethogh h possssio o absolte oer,

chags o paa kowledge itototaitaanis faseood, the thogt o

hopa

miph

h



itory o peetly anniilated tat

ry telf can o longer eit at e level

f te ot epica nowedge

taltarian bureaucrat ociet live in a

eta preent wer everyting at

peed eit for it only a a place

eile to it polie e pojec already

flated y apoleo of drecting te

eer of eory o e trone" a t 10a oncreation in a peanent

aipatio of e pat no only of

iation bt of fact a welL ut te

e paid for eancipaion fro all

ioal reait i e lo of all ratioa

feec tat i indipnable to e

ca oiy capiali.

It ow ow u te ietii

apliato of nae oo a o te

Rian econoy if oly troug e

ipture of yeno e cotadiction ofe alitaria burauracy adiniteing an

itrialie oiy augt between it

eed for ratioaliy ad it jetio of te

onal one of it ain deienci wit

egard to noal capiali devope. In

e ae way at te braucracy annot

lve t eton of agriultre te way

aiali ad done t i ltiately iferior

t capitai i irial produtio

laned fro e top and baed o nrealit

d genraled faleood

Bewen te wo worl wa e

voltioary worer oveet wa

anilated by e jont actio o te

alinit braucracy and o facit

totaliaran wc ad borrowed i for

of oganaon fo t totaliaian part

ed out in uia Fai wa a

ereit defnce of te bogeoi econoy

reateed by cri and proletaia

beion. C i a a oge n

pial oiet by ean of wic ti

ocity ave itef and give itelf eergencyatoaliaio by aig te tate intervee

aively i t aagent ti

ratioaiation i itelf uened y

ene irrationalit of it ea ai

rallie o te efence of te ai point o a

borgeoi ideoo tat a ecoe

coervatve e faily prpert te oral

ode te natio reuitig te petty

borgeoie and t neployed routed by

crii or decevd by t ipotece o

ociait revotio owvr, faci otisel undaeay ideologica It prnt

IGS G ORK IN FTORY

here i nw tf itrs p a by y thi wn at llbi try.

Produts ollng o ossebl li r bg kd b eduotd eon_

bo l tt y re st as ood s an t tin il i p t .

Th ig' ygt i tt y a t th ightt l i tt l wi p a oso toy.

Te he been trind t <k a sa pla w one ban looks ierent t te en i l 0 npit

A i iht p th ari is t way pi t t pay w lt eed

T Rn y t birds n b tri t ck t ogue bals i ee toli

y nt bee n baring hur lm il inovit Wly

An thy v ry t g t wag by i t f turn

riny tmpt t big t i it t t i uliy t t off

A xutv wit f Britai lgt ll-ag mtr i, t rysond ike one or bi

I ll b intstd t ra t Russi p, bt i B w rl o pti ond th r a y

I wl rth p mnt un ip ha bi yy

I no t r a lot 0 igeons /ling rond t it as neer ourrd 10 totain n i f

Bt p th i i m i t ial Evita Rh il

d, "ly i i ue pible

Pgo lik tr bids, rkabl ysit te o asilttd .

"Th ua ha mly put th t wrk fr ni

"h pi 01 ore, i ondiioned rex n Ru av vykn o oditioed eer sie lo nd is dos

DOil M 4 Janu 4

itelf a it i a volnt reuretio of hwi deand paiipaon a

coi dened by acaic pudo

va race lood t leader c ihicaequip cha It

deopoed eraz of i revied te

ptacular otext of e ot oder

ean of oditioing and illuio it

i one o e factor n te orulatio of te

odr pectacle, and it ole i te

detrcon of te ol wore oveent

ae it one of t foing for of

preeday ociety Howeve ce faci

ao Ih t for of preerving te

capialt order geraly it ad to leave eot of te tage to te great ro played by



capitalst sates; it is elimated by srongerand more ratioal orms of te same order

Wen the Russan breaucracy allydos away t te mains of bougeosprpe wic hampeed i rue over teecoomy, when it dvelops this ppey oris ow use, and when is recogniedexterally amog the great powe i wans

o enoy ts word calmly ad to suppress teabitrary element that it xeed over itsel tdeouces Staliism of its origin But suc adennciatio remais Stais arbitraryueaied or contiually corectedbecase e idi i it oin n e d Ths the breaucracy caliberaise neiher curaly or olticalybecause it� istece as a class depeds oits deoogical moopoly which whatever isweight is its only title to roperty heideolo has o doubt los te passio of isositive afrmatio, but wat still survives ofindifee trivialiy still has te reprssvefuction of phibtig the sightscompetition of hodng the toalit ofthought captive hus the buaucacy soud to a ideolo which is no ogerbeleved by anyoe. hat used to beterrrst as become laughabe bt thislagig matter itself ca only as a lastreso preserve itself by holdig o to heterorism it would like to be d of s

precisely at the momet we tebureaucracy wats o demostate itsspeiot i e shere of capitalism, tcofesses itself a o of capialsmJust as s actual istory cotradicts ts ightad its vlgaly maitained igoracecontradics its �cietic ptesions, so itsproje o becomg a va to te bougeosii te poduction of a commodiy andancis hampered. This pect is amped byte fac tat sch a abundance carris is

mpc d win self, ad is usualyaccompaned by an ndeiitly extendedreedom i spectacular alse choices apseudo-eeom wic remais re<onclablewit the bureaucrtic ideolo

At the preset momet of itsdeveopmen, te reacracys itle ofieological prpery is already colapsgineratioaly Te power wic esablisedisel natoally as a dametallyinerationaist model mst admit that i can

o oge prete to phol i coheion,base on lies beyod every atioal fronir

he uea ecoomic developent 5

buaucracies with competng int succeeded n possessing teir sociaioutsid a sigle conry as led t and total conontato betwee te RU5

li and the hinese ie. Fm tis pt vry breaucrac n power, or everytoataria stae paty whic is a cai

to the power eft behind y e Stliitpeiod in some atioal worng as,mus follow is o path he globadecompositio of the alliance of breatmysticatio is uher aggravaed bmanifestatios of iteral egaion wicega to be visbe to e world wt tEas erl workers revot opposg tbreacts with e deman fo a"government of steel workersmaifestatios which have already onc lal the way to the power of worke' cn Hungary However the globaldecomposition of the bueaucatic allian iin te last analysis the least favourab fatfor pset deveopmet of capitalistoey e borgeoisie is in he pflosig e adveary wich obectveysuppoed it by providing an illusoryicato o al egatio of te eistingorder. Tis dvsio of spectacular laboucomes an ed wen te psedorevolutionary e in r dides he

spctacular elemet o e colapse of tewores' movemet will itself collapse.

e Leinis ilsio hs ocotemporary base outside of te aritskyist endecies ere the idecatiof the pletaria pject w a ieraricoganisao of ideolo steadfastly srvivs xperience of all its eslts Te distancwic separates Trotkyism mrevotioary critique of te pesent socieyalso ermts the spectable dstance whic it

keps towards posiions wic were alayfas when thy wer usd n a real cobatsky mained basicly i solday witt high buracra 927 seeking tcaptue it so as to ndetake a genuielyolshevik action eteraly (I is known tatin oer to hide ei's famos testamet'he wet as far as saderously dsavownghis suppoer Ma asma who ha madi public) rotsky was codemed by isbasic perspective, becase at the moment

whe the breaucracy recognises itsel in irslt as a cotervoltionary class

i

e

t



e

i

iteay. it mst als chse 10 eJtively cuerrevtinay tenally i ame f te evti jst s a/e tkys subseqent stle f a Ienatia ctais te samesstecy his ife e refsed tise e pwer f a seara class i eracacy becase dring the secnd

Russia revlui e became ancditinal supprte f the lshevif f gnisati e kacs in123 swed ta tis fm was te lg medatin etwee tery andactice, in whic te pletarians ar er secats f the events whichae thei rgaisatn bt csciusyse ad live these evets, he described asatual merits f the lshevik partyrything at te Blsevik pa was t

cet fr his pd eetcal w,kacs was still an idege speakig ite ame f the pwer ms gssly externalt e pletara mveme believing andag beieve at e fnd himsel. this ere ernali wn is pwer as fit were W At e same time the esf e sty made it bs st hw thiswe dswns and suppresses its stgesacs epdiatg himsef wtt endade visible t the aity f a cacateactly what he a idented wit: wit the

PQ;e f himself a wat e hadpre i H and lass acs s the best prf e fudamental re that dges all thetelectals f this ceuy wa teypct exactly meases tei w dspcabe

al Hweve, Lenin had arly caledf s tpe illusn ab is activ s view a pitical pary cat eamine itsmemes t see if ther are cadictisetween eir philsphy and te pay

gamme" e ea a wseimaginary rat kacs had pesetedwas cerent nly f ne recise a aialtask t seize pwe

The -Leninis illsin f presetdayTrtskyism cnsantly epsed by te eaityf mern bgeis as well as racraiccaitalist scieties atraly nds a favedeld appcatin in ndedevelpe'curies hat a fmally depedentre e ilus f sme vaiant f stat

and beacatic scaism is cnsciuslymaplate by lcal ulig casses as e

pl dl m elopm.

The yid cmpsitn ese classes sme r less cleary eated t a level n teburgeis-beacratc specum eirgames wit te tw pes f eistig,capitalis pwer a ternaial scaa thei idlgca cmprmses (ntalywit slam). wic express the ybid reality

ei scial base, scceed i emvigm tis nal sb-pdct f degicalscialsm eveythig ses ecept erpice caacte A beacacy s able tfrm by stiffeg a atial sggle with anagrarian peasant revt m tat pit

as in China i tends t apply the Stalinistmel idustaisatin in scieties sdevelped tha ussia in 1 1 7 Aacacy abe t indstialise te natinca set itsel p fm te peU urgeisie.

t f amy cares wh see pwer as inEpt On cetain pis. as i Ageria a\

the begiing f its war f idependecethe bracacy, wc sets itself p as apara-statist leadersip uring the stgle,seeks e balacig pin f a cmpmise de t fse with a wea atialburgeisie Finally in the me clniesf lack Africa wc remain penly tied te America ad urpean brgeisie abgeisie cstes tsef say tebasis f he pwer f te traita tibalciefs b e e ll These cnteswere feign mperiaism emais he ealmaster f the ecnmy. eter a sage wherete cmpars ave eceve an idigenssate as cmpesatin fr ter sale fidigens prdcts a stte wic isindependet wi regard t te lcal massu nt with ead t impeiaism Ts isa aicia beisie wic is n t able taccmlate, but which simy aste thesae f srps vale fm lcal labur ta

reaces it as wll as the freig sbsidsfm the states r mnpies whch tecit Because f the vius icapaci eseburgeis classes lil te nmaecmic ctn f a ugeisie each em faces a sve ase n tebeacratic mdel, mre r less adapted tcal ecliarities, and eager t seie heireitage Bt he vey sccess f abeacracy i its fudametal pect ndusrialisati ecessarily cntains te

perpecive f its istrical defeat byaccmlati capta t accumlaes a



·k k c pletaat ad ths cates its ow netoi a conty were t did t yet exis this cmplex and terrible develpment

wc has swept the epoch class strlesowards ew cnditions. the proletaia oidsta ctes as ompetely lost heamatn o its atonomos pespectivead aso in he las aaysis i isin buot its e t as t bee sppessed temas iredciby exsece withi teitesed aleatn o mden captalismit s te immese majiy o wrke whoave st all power over the se o teir ives

ad wo Oe hey knw hi redeetemselves as te prleaa e eati atwok i ths sciety he poleaa isojectvely reiced by te pessivedisappearace the peasantry and by theextesin te lc o actory labu to alae secto o serces ad iteectualpoessns The poetaiat is sjecl

stil ar emved m is pracica classconsciosess ot oly amn wite colla

worker bt als am wae wke whoave as yet discveed ly te imptencead mystiicaton te od politicsNeveteless. whe the proleaa discvetat its ow externalsed pwe elpsconstaty o ece apilis socety toy in the rm o its la bt als in eom o ns parties. the state power thad buil t emancipae itsel. it alsdscves m ccete histocal expeienceta t is the class totally opposed to al

oe extenalisatio and all specialisatio power t carries the ro ha nleae nhn eerna te demand ohe pemanet dmiato the psetve the pas ad the total critique separaio t is ths tat must d tssitabe om in action o quattativeamelatio o s misey o iso ohieracc iteraon s a lastin ce o idissatisactio becase the prleaacannot tly ecoise isel in a partclar

wo it seed n i he rhn oaparr wn cao ecise sel i

te rihti a lae umbe o either bt oly te a50e ben eeated to e main o le

Frm the ew sins o eato mltply i the eoomically most contes sis which are misudeand alsiied by specacula araee�oe ca aeady daw the ccluso t

ew epch has e Ater te ta wkes subveo i OW anan ha ha al We at·sles o Westen wrkers ae epst o all by uins ad we elldecent o yth lac e tamopus ptest which dectly ie

rejectio o e old speciaised poltcs aand daiy ie we see te wo sdes

ew spontaeos sle whic sude a riminal uise hese are epotes a secod pletaa assultaains te class sciety Whe te loschildren o ths stll immobile ay n this bateond havi becoead yet remaini te same hey olo

new Geeal Ldd' wh ts tie tthem ito the destructi te ma pem nsmpn.

e pitical orm. at las dsver wc te econmc emacipatio cold be eaised as i is cenuryacued a clear outlne i te evluto

wrke' ccls whic ccete ithemselves all the nctins deisioexecti and edeate th eac er meas o deleates resposible t te and evocable at ay mmet Tei existece as as yet oy been a ie seimmediately ot ad deeated by dietoces deence class scety amowic ne mst te cont the w secsiosness aekoek htly ste

the ac tat te choce o a powe

wrkers concils poses poblems" atetha bi a sltio Bt this pwe spcisely were the pbems thepetaa evlti can nd tei ealslti is is wee te objectivecdins histical cosciosness areenited his s were direct aX

cmmuicat s reaised whespecialisatio hieacy ad sepaat edwere the exsti cditios aetasmed into cnditins ity

He the pletarian subect ca emerem hs stle aains coempati s

c

<

ipt



oun i equal o te ialgaiaion i aue bae ti

cione S itelf inearable froen inerveton in iory

e ower of he council which mu

iteraly eace all ote ower teearian movemet i it ow oduct ad

i odut i du hil He i to

ef i own goa Only tere i teetaclar negation of lif negated in it

r.e aearane o he council wa the

ghe reaity of e roletaan moveme

i the frt ate of thi entuy a eaityi w no een o wa aveied,ae it iaeared wi he e of tovement which wa denied and elminatedy the entire itorical exerience of he

me. In thi ew oveme o roearan

rtique thi reul eturn a te onlyfeted ont o he dfeaed moent.

ioral conou wi nowhat i i the oly milieu were it can eXta ow eogie it no loger at he

erihery of wat i ebbig a ece o what i riig

A revouioay oaniation exiing

bfoe e owe of te oul (it will fd ow for ough uggle) fo al he

itocal raon, aleady now a i ot epesent te wokng la u ony

recognie itlf a a radical earatio ome o 0 septo

Revoionary oaniaio i he

oherent ereion of te theory of raieig into nonuilateal ouniaio

th racia tuggle n te e obeoming acica eoy own aciei th read of couication and ooerece i ee ruggle A e

olutionary mome we oial

earaion diolv t oganaton mu

eognie it own diolution a a eaaeogaiaio

evoioay oaniation can beoting e ha a uitary cu of

oie a i o ay a cite w doe

o comie wih any frm o earae

ower anwhere in e wod an a ique

oaimed globay aga all the aect of

aated oial lif. In t truggl o rvolioay ogaiaio again te cla

ocity weaon are notig u the esence

of e coaa hemel herevoionary oraniaio cao reroduce

witi itel e odito of rutu a

hierahy whih ae oe of he domnaocie u ruggle eanently agtit deformation i he rlig ecacle Theony ii to aiciaion te totaldeoray o he evolutonary organiaion

i the recogion a acual ef

aiatio of t oee of ti<u

by all it eber, a coerene w mtbe roved in he crital heory a ad

te reaion beween the teoy adractial activiy.

Eerireaig aiai alieaion a all

leve mae icreaingly dfu forwok o eogi a nae e ow

iery hu cooing te wih thealernaive of rejecing e oty of temsey o oth. From i, reolutioaryorganiaio ut lear at it an o longer

ombt eno en omPleaia revouon dend etrely on

he onditio that, fo te t ie teoya intligenc o human a mt be

recognid a lived by te mae Itdeand worker to becoe diaectiaa to incribe er tougt io atieTu i demad more o mn o

qlity ha he bougeoi reolutiondeande of uald me to whih it

elegated it eaiation in te atialideologal conione eted by a p of

he bourgeoi ca a� a it bae hecooy hi el p of ocial ife i

which thi cla ey in ower. eery develoen of la oe o te

oi o e eacular orgaiaio of noie hu lea the evolutiona ot o

becom sbl what i wa aleadyesey

evoluonary ory i ow te eemy of

al evoioary deolo no

From The Sciet f the Spetacle byGuy Dbrd, 967

n bieq

G, N, 968



LS

Rozaov deitio o iilim i te bethe ow i ovr. Th adiece e p oleav ter at Time to collc their cotand home They tun d . o morcoat and o more home

hlim i bon o te cola o mythDun toe peod wh th contradctobeven mythical eplanatio eaven,Redmptio th Wl o a - andveryay i become patet a va aeuckd ito e vortex ad detroyed nc

myth no loner jte te way o ower tome e real poibiitie o ocial actioand expeimet apear. Myt xcu ocarepreon, but it alo iorc t texpoio e a r and creaivity lo ypond away om auteticexpinc ito rliou trancendec adabtracio

Du te iterrem bn te do claical piloopy ad t itaurationo he Churc, ery prvio orm o ocial

oder wa uddnly calld ino etio. Athoand lity wee imrovied, omthoe o t ect and heie to tho o aalla or a Ner Oce te ity o myt challened te wole pattrn o ocialexiece break p. am thn tooplace w te dintratio o udal ociyand Criia my No wa e ayloer and vryhn ad become poil.Every d o pimet ad reearGi d Ra torture nearly a touad

childre to deat; te revolutioay paanto 1525 were o to buid eavn o art

1

1 prciitated te ame total colapTi me tere wa a mao dirc pite o the poical eaction, thecontrcon o a cee myth haecome utely imob

Chritiaity rd e exloveiiim o crtain otic ect, andimprved a ew order m th rmaiB the etablment o the bouroi made ay new ecern o iliticenery onto te plan o myth impoil

he boroi prjct a bee precie �dtrcon o a racee other wrldh enorceme o te ule o h wod ait market vae I place o a myt tboreoiie can oy produc idoloind ecaue ideolo i ally a p

echnca raionality, ca vr teratte total aion o t ihilit n tecopico abence o G, te reity xchane can never be concealed, or thmee illion o myth ha on a

atdtch eor Power h poducd theece o hilm - on h prciple hatte moe we contmpat, a pectato, tedeadato o all vale, te le liely

ar to on with a ltte ral detructio.or the lat century a a al te mot

trki contrbtion to art ad li ha be u o ee experimet th thoiblie o a bakupt ciiiao Theotic ao o d ad Kiraadarcam ietzc lai iny hab

blaphmy, Mallarm\ deadpa; Carllaay Dada eatm - tee are t



es whic have eached ou to ofot

ple wit some of the dkness andcrdity of decying vlues And wt it te

esire for revesl of pesective need toscover te erntie foms of lie tee eville led "tht wl wlig ife

ere idivid nobilites mke u lttates B to creae that wold the

ilist mst c

X

Te great ror of hs ked

essentil weapon: the sense of

stoca relty, the sense of the reltyo decay erosion fretto

II hose wo ve mde histoy te

eod of borgeos dele ve ced

sense of the 10/ decomposition of

soci forms wic iilm noune.rx ied to analyse Romtism and

te atisti pheoeo i generl

Lein ws wilfuly bid to eoe of everyy ie itsdegenertion, o te uturis, of

Mykovsky te ddaists.

t we need o the onjncion ofnism d istocal consiosess (a

aig soetig better a e streetgts in Kentis own Malam w lre

in is belly) As og a te two fil to oinfoces, we sh have to edure the peset

empie o poitcl aristic aks, alpeacg the fagmentary l woring

ssiduosy o the g See nd ustingemseves i te me of one oer or

nothe the fmily, morliy, ule thespce-race the ftre of mgine .

Eeryoe is gong to pss hg hlsm

It is e a o r The be etsgst moal seiousness are e faces

the ordngs e ed of ll lues s theNotig-Box All tt is left of te past ore fue is te demad for e rese -

o preset whih hs s o econ/rce. ody h du d h

oue mome o ry e slowlycoig togeer. We h two meet h

will be ota revolutio And revoluton s te

only wel let in te auent soey

A ilis is someoe who ake� theistintio between livg ad survvig

seiosly f lving is mpossible wysrvve? Oce you are n that void,

eveything reaks p e oros Ps and

utre explode; e peset is groud zero

Ad om gound zeo thee e only twow} out two kds o niils v an

pTe passve iilist ompromises w is

own lucidty bot e ollpse of l vluesHe akes one al niilistic ee e

tro dice to decie his case' becoes its deoe slve for As ske,

nd o te ske of ittle read . Nong

s true, so few gests becoe hp Joeop intellets, paa-pysicias yptoscss, aesthetes of he u

merceie Ki Pilbies, popatsts,

psyceelc impresrios o ter

bdwgon or ot its own verso o eedo qu udum Yo dot bel

i i, b you do it ny you ge sed to

d you even get to like t n te endPssive niilsm s overture to

coormismAfter l, niilism c eve be moe

trasitio siftg, lee shere

peod o wveng between two eees,one ledng to submission sbserviee,the oer to permane evolt Beeen he

to poles stethes no-ans-ld thewstelnd of te suicide nd te solitrykiler of the rimil decied so tly yettna s e cime of te ste Jck the

Rer is essentilly incessible Temecniss of iechal power cnnot

tuc im e anno e tuce byrevolutioary wil He graitates ro tatzer-pont beyond wich desrction nstedo reifocing te destructo oglt by

power ets it t t own gme ecies it to

such Volec th te mcine o the

ooy stabbig wldly, shttes ito piecesand s ap Mlorer ake� te

disintegrato of conepoary socil

ogistion o its ogl oclusion: o thestage of is self-destruction A ts poin teidividul's ue eec of sociey

corespods to society's asote retion of

e individl sn't s e stll pon of tet wold, te plce where alpepectives r intercngeble the eactpoint were een diletics nd tieno longer exs? Noo d terit of thegreat reusa. Beore it the pogroms beyond

it te ew inocece. Te bood of Jews or

e blood o opshe tve niilist does ot inted o

10 3

Rvti tey a b

ctqe 1eeyay le captast sety; t msb a itcot he ht e riht at as t th at ov: sh o ooTh o s ee

a o at ohapnss. Ths s th t fhe ystfato asw t wkv i te yase cesRtoay pagaa e v hel he i tei w li, ag that ty wlec g ay. Iur ts ts til a o s io 1wo w w ly n ts way a thovy ar vsoet om ty tlato e te.Rltoay telletalsmst ost a t lsthr ti igigt y helv tv a eolty wayS g tey wll faly eb h tos h vt-

1 98

___�



.

W s o dso oses

o t le o it atio Wee t wk o hesete 1 th o hewd o e d ed se

IS 3

he s cs e ectle toy s te

wy it ll teto iow sieto

S

smply watc thngs fall aat. He ntends to

speed up te proess Sabotage s a natua

esponse to the cos ruling the wod

Ave lim i pe-evly paivehlim oe-evliay And most

peope oscle etwee the two Like eed soldie descbed by some Soet to

- Vitor Chovsy peraps - wo n\

crged witout soung, ong lve theTs!" Bu ciumstac� ievibly end y

dawng lie d people suddeny nd

temselves once and for l on one side or

te oe o e bcades.Yo always [ean o dance o yousef on

te offbeat of te ofical world. And yo

mst low yor demnds to teir logica[

concluson, not ccept ompomise t e

t setbc Consmer soety's rntic need

10 manace new needs adriy cashes n

on the wayot the b7e and e

shong. lack mor and re gony tu

up on Madson Avne Fltaton wt nonconformsm s n ieg pat of pvaling

vaues Aweness of te deay of vlues has

ts ole to pay n sles state ee's

money in decompostion ore d moe

pe ih s marketed e guine salt

celar of Kennedy compete wt ullet

holes tg wic to por the sat for

sale i the supermarket shold be enog toconvne anybody f tee is anybody who

stl needs conincng how easy a jokewh once wold ave deligted Rvchol

or Peter te Pnter now meey elps to

keep te make going

Consiosess of deay eaced ts most

exposve exsson n ada. Dada ally

did ontain the seeds by wi nhlsm

could hve been supassed; bt t jst leftem to ot along wh all he res e

whole ambgut of Sualism on the oter

and, lies n the fat that t ws an accuae

ctiqe made at e ng moment Whilets crique of the supesesson abored by

Dad was perectly jsted, wen i i ts

n tied to supass Dda t dd so tot

beginning gn wth Dd's nitil niiism

wtot bsg tself on DadntDada

out seeng Dada istocly stoy

was te nghtma frm whch e sralsts

never awoke. hey wee defenceless befo

te Commst art tey were out o e

dept wt te Spanis ivi war For ll

tei yappig they slnk after the ocil leftlke faitfl dogs.

10

Cetain eates o omntcs h

aleady poved wthout wking e s[i

eest on te pa of ethe Mar

Egls, t rt - te ulse of cul socet s the first index of te de

disinegton o vales A entury twile enn thogh tat e whole

was besde the pont the dadst l

te atstc abscess as smptom of wose poi�on was spread thougot i·

as wole Unpla at only ee

the repession of pleasre demanded stte t is ths te 916 dadaiss

cogenly. o go beyond ths nlysis men only oe ng: to ke p neodadast avae lulatng n the sit

hea o prsentday consumpton see

have ond more ptble employet.

e ddasts, workng to e teend tei clsation of i discontet

worng n te last anlsis fr mo

coheeny an red hmself buil tet laboratory to vtlse eveyday life

Tei activi was fa moe radcal han theoy he pon was to wo coplete

in te drk \ ddnt ow whe e

goig" e ada goup ws a fuel

scng in ll he ivia and pue rubi

cltterng up the world. Reappering t t

othe end, e\eytng ws tansome

hogh people and thngs styed te se

they too on totally new meanngs. hebegnning of Dada was te redsovey of

ived experence and its possible delight

ts end was te evesl of ll pespecte,

te nvenon of a new nvese. Subvei,

te tcts of adcl cange oveew te

gd stutr of the old wold. mist pheaval e md eo

eveled is corete sense - somethng ve

dffeent m the litery mentt o

te srelsts surendered so pitifully

The ntal weaness of Dada lay n ietaodnary mlt. very monng,Tzaa, cown wth the gavt of a ope, s

sad to ave repeated Descates stateme:

Im not even nterested n owing whethe

anyone eve existed befoe did" Yet thi

same z was o end p a Salnst,

sneeing men lke Rco nnot Maknos peasant amy If Dd boke up

because t cold not spersede tsel then

te bame lies on te dadasts themseves f

aving failed to searh for the al hstococasons wen s speesson eomes

a



tsb: th s h h sss ris iz hi dsti thir o hds.

t oris is ls tib i

it s hougb ulis to o

sos rdul i

6ll oso uliss inil vigou

Cd th sulss' ambat tid

ds tb s Wb right t

gis th subi gnus a d a Four r a trm l

sbsqutl o s t so -

§ ll a them n o ths th hu tid ootts

rgrssi shol xoks A lit

l uh lik th lb o

is o hi bs in th

tl ou st dosiin

97

g t d i: w wl cm gl 1 ad T wil kw t Uld

pi m mi tows wll l kw w t tr cab x r i 1 oc i wll li.

15 no. 6, 9



S-RASAO,COUCAOAD ARCAO

rp unty /power threeod:oercion, seduction and mdiaon 7s s nomo than the nersion and peresion 0/ aequaly h uniary pect e newsoy, as t deelops undergoundhaotaly, s on oas a oa hon�y- a transany bwe ndvduals anhety pmoting th partipao 0/ahi"dvidual in the seiin /eeryoneelse Creavy, love and play stand n theome eao to true le as the need 0 a

and e ed 0nd sheer and in lati urial. Aemps to ralse one caonly be baed OT ra Attempts communicae can nly be baed on love.Amps 1 participate an oy be based

play eparated m on another Ih threproects merly trengthen the rpre uity0/poer adia subectvity i the prsen- hh a be sn n almost eery - 0/th sam di 0 ate a ly passonatele The eroi s the spotaeo oheren

fusng aemps to nh led ree

Thc onstto of cveyay lfe sesreason a passo e plan ofuso towi lfe as aways been subjet omesfrom te mystaton overg up e uttetrvalt of merely ontnug to est. lo ve entals praa ogaisation.Ivual e�re fo a mtmesional fe aot e otaly voefom a olletve pjet e opresson

eese y man ovenment s esseialytrefol: oeon alieain meaton an

magal seution e to lve also

aws is vtalty a ts oeee tty of trefol poed self-realsat,mmnato a atpato

If hman soy was ethe ree t,o ssoae fm te story of h

survva te alet of ts teefo p«(n oto e alet of teprtve foes) wol po\e sffteplanaton fo most tngs me ave oto tmseves an to oe aoter. Evey t

vy evoluton eveals a passoate qetfo ceant life for otal hesty be'een

people for a oletve fom oftansformaon o te wo oay oe see tougot te wole of so tfnametal passos elae to fe tsame way ta te nee to eat a slt a elate to svval. Te ese ta te esre to love an te es toplay terat wt te ee to at a sele st as te ll lve ev a t

play havo wth the neessy of srOvosly te mpotae of the pa pl}y ea lemen ages rm oe tme tao ut oay ter wole mportaels n te eet o w tey an bee

oay wt te welfae sate, Ie questin

of svval as beome a part te proem of lfe. As we ope to ave solife eonomy as graually asore srinomy an tS oe te ssoao

of tc t pojes, an of te passosnlyi tem apea mo a moe

d

e

st



dy as a coseuence of a fdamenaly

es distincion eween fe nd

iL Hwever, sice te whoe

ice is ton between perpecive�

tt f sepaati f pwe ad that of

i, f uni - ad is terefe

lly abiguou I am frced discss

h jec at once sepaately ad togete

e prject f selfelisio is bor fssi crativiy, a ment we

jctvty wells up ad was 1 eignieay. Te poect of commcaion is

te passi o ov, weevr pple

!ve i e aoer the selfsae will 10

est Te poect f participation is

f te pasio of playn weeve

activity facilitates e selfeistio fh idival

l)ate( the three pasi bec

eered Dissciated e hee prectse alsied Te wll to sefealsan

i ed io te will 10 powe; sacrice o

t ad oleplaying, t ein i a wldrestictions nd ilUSn. e wil to

cain becoes objective

isesy sed o eiships etwee

c, it pvides the eld f peatins fo

eil, he cenc of fckedp

nicaton e wl t participatio

rises the lelines of eveyone the

ley cowd; it ceates e yany of te

lsy commty.

sae each psin is integae

etaphysical visin wic makes i bse

d sc leaves t cmpletely o o

tch Itlecas ca e nny whe tey

ty: tey pull the plug out and then

nce tht the electciy dos't wok

N e least aase they pceed to

ifrm us tht were ealy in te dar and

tats l there s t it Wheever eveythig

is sepaaed fm everyng ese, eveything

aly is possible artesian analysi croce nly te jerrybil he mes of

Oder can oy recrit e cripple

H ROJ O E·IO

Assran fsry a 1sd a lasy fny fy xndd i e

rl f ral Th Jl t w t at f h nfn fhierarchcal sla hs freeoain eer

hich d b d fr h lsn fndda lf Unal n fr

a[s n 1 whdaw sataly

twar what th fl hr nl

nnaatd ss! h jttTh ltn fyday e s ataa f f th ntls aas nth tsd w anhd da ytt

e histc pase of pivative apppiatistpped a being the demige e ws

ced to creae i a idea fo n thus t

cnm is w rel fi At her

eveyone wats t God date we have

meely peventd ourselves beig so I havewn ow hiearchcal a ogaatio

il p e wod by beakin men own

how te perfectin of its trctu and

mchnery mkes it funcion ike gat

cmputer whse prgame ar lso

pgrammed w, lastly, te cyberetic saeis the coldest of all cst mes

I es cins te uggle fr

enough to eat fo cofr, f stabe

em\ymet ad fo secry re, o te

sc t s may gessive ai which

owly but uly becoin eguard

actins despite thei very al importace

The sruggle fr sual tok up ad stil

taes p n amont f ener ad creativiy

whic evoonay society wil met ike apac f avening wolves. Despe alse

colicts ad illusoy activies, a cnantly

stiaed ceative ee S no nge ben

absbed fast enuh by cnser ociey

ht will happe t his vality suddenly aa oose ed, to tis sls virily wch

ethr coercon r e ca really cnine

o hndle? o oner ecpeated by artistic

and ctral cosupo by he

idelogical spectacle ceatvy will tr

spntaesy agit the very sfegurd of

survv isel

Rebels ave ly er srvval t lseAnd te ae ony tw wys which they

can lse i eiher y iving r by dyng d

sice svival s no e ha dying vey

slowly, thee i a teptaion, containig a

vey grea dea of genue feelig, peed

the we tig p ad t ie a da sight

faste live netively te negtio f

viva. r, on te ter hand, to try a

svive an at·viv focsig all es

ene n beking rg to e lfe o

ae suviva no e hn he bais o asysteatc est r happes.



efrealisatn is mpssible i his

wd Haldeeted reelli remais, fr

all is eciy a prser f the atriaan

dilemma survival dea This half

reelli this savage creativiy s easiy

rken by te rder f tg is te

10 Te will t pwe is e pject f self

realisa falsied divced fr ayattept t cmmucate wih r t

pacipate i the ife f the. It is te

passi creating an f ceag esel

cagt te hieracical sysem,

cdemed t tr the ead f

repressi ad apearaces Accepg

eig p dw becase y ca pu the

wn in yr tr. e er s e wh

sacrfices hisel t te wer f his rle ad

his ie Ad whe, inally he's urt u,

he llws Vltaies advice and cltivates hisgarde. Meatie is ediciy as

ecme a del fr the c run f

mrals

he er the rler, e supetar te

millaie, te epe . Hw ay ties

ave tey sld ut al ey hld st dea

w ma sacices a\e tey ade t

frce a few peple, r a few ilin peple

peple tey rightly regard as cmplete idts

8

10 have teir phtgra o the wal!, to ha\�

their name eebeed, o e stared at In

e sreet?Ye, fr all its llshit the will p

des cnta traces f an auetic wll le i f te vru he cndoee, e Titans f te Renaissance ut te

cOders a dead ad uied tat's

left is idustrial agne gage adid gs eae ar a ariery. advetre a the epler are cmic-stri

chacers. Ad it's with tese eple Zaratstra dream f peplng te egts

f Sils-Maria its i ese abrns e

thg e cld see te leamets f ture ace Niezsce is i fact, e last

master crcie by is llsis iseat was a repy, wth me b and n

slgtly ee taste e lac cmedy

Glgtha. t explais te dsappearance ofte fedal ds st as te deah f Christ

explaed he disappearace f d

ietzsche ay ave ad a rened sesibiliy

te stenc f isaniy did't stphi eathing it n by e lngfl Ad epreends nt undetand ha Cristani

weve mch ctept it ay ave pur

n te wll t pwer is i fact is bes meansf ptectin, its mst faithfl bdygad

since it stans e way he appearace

f asters w ger eed slaves t e

mastes. Nietzsce essed a wr i wie will lve is cdeed eve t be

re ta he wil t pwer His ast letters

wee ged Diyss te Cciied. He

t was ling fr see assmeespnsiili fr is rken zes dt

mess wit te witch·dctr f ethlehem

azis Nitzschea lgc called t

der y 1isty he qesti wa waca ece f tse w wis live like a

l a scey m wic al e le

ave disappeaed? And the aswer: a sperslave esche's ccept f te supermanhwever eadae it ay ave bee iwlds apa f wha we kw f te

dmestics wh ran te hrd Reic Fascismnly kws e sperma: the state.

The stae sperma is e sengh f thewea is is wy te deses f an islate

idividal ca alway t i wit a rle

played mpeccaly i he fcial specacle.

Te wil t pwe is a exhiist wl

Te islated idividal detests ther eplefeels ctep fr the masses wc e is

- -----



havein

er o

ts

i

atts

f

f

d

re<1 specimen himsel He s, in act ost contemptile man of all SowingK ds te crasses sort of ilsoryunit, is s dynamism' the ratrace lo\e of dnger_

e mange, the leaer, tough y teb now ittle joy. Ailt to endre stir ain quaication Ther orale is tha

oeers of spes of scots o the socks of onformty "No anial wolde doe wat ave done at is tenter trp? A wil to appear since one be; a way o esaping the eptness own existence by rug greer eater riss. Bt only servants ae o teir sacices ere e pat ruest ole: soetmes the acial being ofe soetimes te drectness o teial And te anial does what the men

no do Te heroes wo arc pastcours ying the Red Army te 55 theUS Marines these are tbe sae people urnt and u livng esh at Bdapest Wasaw at Algiers Army discipine isb on e prigtness of the an an ops know wen to snar and when o

Te will to power s a coensaion forsavey. At e sme tme i is a ared ofslavey The most stiing personaities oft pas never identied temselves wit use They st sed ases to furterteir own personal unger for power But ast Cases egan to rek p nddisapper so did the abitios didalsconcerne. owever te ge goes onPeope ly on auses becase ey haventeen able to ake eir own ie a Csesufcent nto itsel Trugh te Cause ante sacice entais they sagge along,backwards, trying to nd thei own will tolive.

Sometimes desie fo eedom and forplay breaks ot aong law and order'sconscrpts. am tining o lvtoeGiliano efo e was recuperated y elandowes o iy te Kid of variosgngste moentay ose to the anahisterritories Legionnaires and erenareshave deeted their desi to pay to itsogica conclsion: lowing teir wole senesky-igh and jumping ino the drk

also have teenage gangs in mind he

ery chidshnes of tei will o power asotn kept tei wll to ive almost

coamated. Oviosy e delinent I

hreatened with reuperation Fitly, as aconse, becase e wats tigs cannot ao to buy; hen as he ges oldes a pce ut within e gang playgemains of sc geat impotance that truyevoltionary consciosness ca never be faaway f te violence inherent n the eenage

gangs stopped squanering itself exiitiostic and geeraly af-baedbraws and rave-ps, and only saw owc rea poetry was to be fon in a riotthen her ge-paying as t ecameceasngy iotos wod alost cerainyset o a cain reacion a qualitai\e asAlost eveyone is ed up wit thei lfeAlost everyone is sick of being pushedarond Amos eeryone sc of the lesthey come o with al day long All thas

needed s a spark plus tactics Sholdelinqents arrive a revoltionryconscosness siply toug unerstandingwhat they lady are and by wnting o beoe so then ts uie possible Iat heycol pove the key factor i a geneal socialreake on ral. This could e vitalyiportat. Actualy all tats reallynecessary is the eo of teir gangs

o ar, the heart of life as been sougbanwee bt in te hear o man atityhas always been pushed to one side hee sbran nd in fact asmreects very accrately the sadventures ote ais arond wic lie as beenoranised for thosans of years The stcies grew p aoud a stronghold or sacrespot, a tpe or a hrc, a poin whereeaven and eart converged nustatowns with teir mean, dak seets,srrnd a factoy or ndstrial plantadministrtive centres preside over empty,etlinear avenues Fnally, the ost eent

examples of town plnnig ve nocentre at all t·s beoing increasngyovios: te efeene poin tey propos isalways somewhee else. These ae labyrinthsi wc yo ae not alowed oly to oseyosel No games. No meeings. o livgA desert of plate-glass. A gri of roadsHigh-rise apartment blocks ppresson isno longer centralised ease oppression IS

everywere Te positve aspec of ts:eeryone begins to see in onditions of

amost otal soltion, tbat ist n foreostit s themseves hat hey have o save



themselvs tha ty av to coos as h

cnre, thir ow sbjectiy out of which

ty av o buid a world tha everyoe ese

l ecogn as thei aive andOne can oly rediscover other people by

consciosly rediscovering nCf Fo as og

as ididual ceativy is ot at e cenr of

soca lf ma's oy dom wil b

eedom to destroy and b dsroyed If yodo oer peoples thinkng for em ey

will do yor thiking for yo. Ad he who

thins fo you dges yo, e educes you o

his ow norm ad, whatever is itetions

may be e will d by makig you spid

for stupidty does' com m a lack of

inteligenc as stupd peop imag

do i comes om renouncing om

abadomg os ow r slf. So if

anyone ask yo what you ar doing asks

you o exlain youlf teat im as a udge at is o say as a enemy 1 wan somoe o succeed m; I wat

chidren I wan discipls: I wan a faer:

do want myslf." A fw words frm os

g on Cstanity, whethr e Roman or

h Peig brad Oly uhappiness ad

nerosis can follow. My sbecivity is oo

impoat for me o take my lack of

iibto to h poi of ier asig ohrpeope fo ei elp or of rsig t when it

is offed he point is iter to os

oneself in oself or to os oneself i oer

peope Anyoe wo ealiss tat is

prolems ar timatly social i atur mus

t of all d imself Oerse he will

d othing i oer people apa fom his

own absece

Nothig is moe dcu o mor pai

to apprach than th ustion of ones own

selfregnrato n e heart of each ma

big ther is a idde room, a mr

sr o which ony e mid and deams

ca fd te dor A magic cile i wice wod and th self ar recocild, whreevery cildis wish comes rue Th

passions flower thr bllian posonous

bossoms ciging to ad trivig o air thin

air I ceat my univee for myself ad, like

some fanastic tyrannical od peope it withbeigs who will ever live for ayone else

Oe of my favoure James Tuber sories

s e oe where \Valter Mitty dreams thae is a swashbckling captai tn a

eminet surgon, th a coldbloodd kilerad nally a war hr Al this as h drives

1 1

is old Buick dowown to buy some biscits

Te real imporance of sbjecvt c

easily e measured by te geeral

marassment ith wc it is appc

Everyone wans o pass it o as hir dwandeing, as intveon' as beig

sond. Evryo cnsors thir own

daydrams is it e paoms dvsios o he mid at have deal te

deadly blows a mortaity, auori,laguage and our colecive hynotic sle?

snt a fetile imagiatio the sourc of l

ceatvt e alembic disillng qick lif the bdgehead drive ino te old l

ad acoss wch comg invasions wi

our

Ayone wo can be openmided abt

their iteio life wl begi to see a dfeet

word ousde temselves - values cagethigs los er gamor and becom plai

nstrumet n h magic o h imaginary

thigs xist ony to b piced up a toyed

w carss rok apart ad pt

togeter again ay way one sees t. ne

e prime importace of suectivi saccepted e spell cast upon tigs is

broken Saing om othr pope one's

selfpuit s fss one rpats te sam

ftl gesturs time aftr time Sarig onself o th cotrary gesturs ar ot

repated b ake back io onesel,coected and ealsed n a mo gly

evoved form.

Daydramig cod become h mos

powrf dnamo in e word. Modrn

tchologcal prise jst as it maks

evrtig cosiderd Uopan n e past

a prely praccal undertakig today, also

does away wi e purely fairyal ae of

deams All my shes can come re - fm

th momnt at modrn cholo is pt to

thi secAnd v deprivd of ths tecques

can sbjctivity evr sray far m th ru

t is ossibe for me to obect all at I

av dram of bing veyone at easoce in is life as pulled of e same sort

of tig as Lassaily or Ncaev assallypassing imsef o as e athor of an

nwten boo ends y becomig a eal

writr ator of o de Tih

caev touching Bakuin for moey i the

am of a nonexistet terst oganisationnaly does ge a eal grup of ihiliss



n dy I must be as I hav ate

s T pulr spc ol

s o wn o wl nus sjvy suvs rols ndr ls o s own s. I nvssr ly.

v mnon s o prly

r: it is aas seekg its ractca

so n no dou h hsc spl ov al i its aative

s - plys o suvy's us for s

slfson u soly by

v y m fon n rmspssv o Dord

ada m C de n

sss pon. Normly, ns hp o s wc lly vo\s d mnd ou on v us no n od nd dsn sors

wv mos ay suo on sn rsposd slly wkns ournion: at o tae p o Ths prox mus be r

d down - put ck on its fee" Te

cs of h sc spc mus be

ssolvd nd r eqpmet pss no the

sl of ddul ms. O md n

s wy hr i no lonr yo of rn m s fss s

h oly wy w h prolm of

kn r l n see

L BVY

Eh beii i dee fom ee ohe

e, bu he obe he e w 10 eii he rbem e ing hei

i in mm direio, eing id / sujectt Y Iem oid ne f be 10 ndii

th h esio 0 eh idiid

ueii i eihe k e i

oeie om o i wi o ke e 1 d ecnd, h " e he rh the

1s nne ghs fo wh hele Fhin r eee ee is Ihenene" Sin.

My sujvy fds evets Th mosvd vns: ro, sx sco

mn mmory a on ooh. Rlys it volvs swps m w . I m srucky vryn nd, hou no ethig

srks m sm wy I m lwyss y sm s conrdon

athugh I ca aays se h beautiu

yhn coul f only I ou ch pcclly vy cs hr s ohn Icn lly do. vy s chnd o

somhn s my mon hn dd wh of c ck no

w ws n h fs A d

bte mnon ly mus

l Only a uly dl pspv nv vryo ght t mak nyn ut

of ny. A dl pspcv rspsmn by h roos nd h oos of m l h sujcvy hs unqu zo y

possss ommo ' m it o you own You '

lv you own o full n solo n y idividal - an ividua wo has

o yn at a sh o hmsf n

h world - f o s a w dl t s

ow mo vryon kows h smjouy vn om h sm pl

A foms of rrl pow dffrm o noh nd y ll y namta dny n onslf by

n�formn wol h wll o lv vry

sesat, vy vy ossly

o h fll is cn b s i vyon dffrn ss of sciusess a

drmno s r pow dpnds on h

dr of olcv uny who los s vy Coscousnss of

hs ssy y oms om w on

ould l a ee deni -

dmclly opos movm o ofncon Tou ietiat w s

our nqunss vy of ols;ou r of dy w srnhour wl of ndvdl possls uny of dd sujcvs

Raica sbjctivt ca sd

rx of dy Os ow qsss fo sf vywhr os

"Vhl I ws on mSSn s ofho sys ofcus "I sa sme gets

suckln r dd mo. Afr sowl y shuddd d w wy y

d ssd tat sh od o lo s

m d se ! ' ike hem

or ty ve n r mows ody u wv ws

m ody ve" kes wh I am

look fo n o popl s s p

of myslf hdd w hm n rflx

of dy spd nurly? O n oyhop so. Cnly s m fo .

1 1



o oe as eve qesioned te en tae in being ed seleed, ad for

rotected fo rdi and di. Theimperfectios of tecnolo tnsoed at

a ver eal date ito social iefections have postponed te saisfaction of thisuniversal desie Toda paed econoy

allos oe to foesee te inal solutio of the

ples o suvival No that te needs ofsvival ae e o te ay to beingsaised at leas in the hype-indstialisedcotes it s becoming afl oviousto sa te least of it, that thee ar also

ha io ich mst be satise tha

te saisfatio of ese passions is of vitalimpotane to eveyone and, fureoe

tat failue to do o il undermine if notdesty, al o aqisitios in ems of

maeial suvival s the poblems of

suvivl ae slol but suey esolved yegi o clas ore a oe brutall ith

te polems o lie hich have been ust as

soly and j as sure sariiced o theeeds of svival The hickens ae all

oming ome to ost: eeoard,

soalist-pe planing s opposed to the true

harmoisation of life i comon

Radical subjectity i e comon froof ediscoverd identiy hose ho cat setemseves in oter o ar odd

fo eve to e stnger to heselves I antdo anyting for othe people if they cat o

anyting fo themselves It's along tese lines

tat conepts sch o of ogitionad rcogitio, of sympath ad

smpathisig, should e re-xainedogniton is onl of vale if it leads o the

rcognition of omon proect to theree of identiy To ealise adical

ianaton euies a vaied knoedge buttis noedge is nothig ithot syle

with hic i is anded s the ear

of the 51 ave o the os ises ia cohernt revolutioa gup a causedb those cosest b ther knoledge dest aay b teir lived eperience and

y e impotane he plae upon it

ieise patsans'. hey oth identithemselves ith te goup d ge in its a.

ey udd yi ept ha is

raly at stake e deand oledgeecase tey e i o di

By seizing yself, I brak oher people'shold over me. us I let em see

temselves e No oe ca evolve eliout di feedo in the old

I at to be mysef ant to alkitout impediment. I ant o afr ml

aone i y feedo Ma eveoe do

likese on't or ay mor abou tefate of the evoion il be safe i hands of y tha in te hands of

poitical paies. So said roy agree one unded per cent. otigauthorises me to spea n the nae of otero. I ol my ow dl. the same time ant help thinking that m

i sn't soe y on onen but tat I

seve the neests o housands o oe

peoe b ii te a I l, and bstruggling to l\e mor intenl and o

free. M frends ad I ae oe d ekno it ach o s is actg for eac oter

by ang for imsef Honest is ou olhoe

OJ O OMMUIAIO

Lve fes e put glpe tueut tt 0/ us ve Bu s u geel t5 be w e t estee e s sgl pecus It steee evey se Eveytg ts t

eue le t jets. Rel etgs eple y el sex y te pstuglss bs ues. Rellbeg le es ell wg ve t w

lthough the thee passons undelng ethreeod roj o sel-ealisatoncounication and partiipato a of

eual importane the ave not beenrepessed to an eqal exten. Whie reav

and play have been blighted by poibitions

d by evey o of distoion love outescaping o psion, stil eanseavl mos eperiene he os

democatc al n allove oers te odel of pefect

omuniation he orgas the toal fusion

of two separate beigs It is a glimse of atransfored universe. Its intensi its her

and-oess, its pysial xaltation iseoona luidi its gatefl aeptance of

the value of cange eveting indiates

tha love l prove te ke factor inerating e orld. Ou emotionallydead



eey.

yel

h

h

te

a

my

r

y

o

n

v cis ot fo mulidimensional

s Lovmang sms p and dsls

desir for and h rali of, sch a

y if. he nivere lover buid of

s and one anoth's ods is a

sant niverse over want o be a

hee

ve has bn able to say e mo

ssy an h ot passionsCti an play hav always en

an ofcial reprsentaion a

5aca acknowledgmnt which did its

o c hem o at er soce ov has

ys ben clandestin bein aone

th t tuned out to b pocted by

the ois concp o pivate i;

ishd fom th ay, rsrv o wok

csmpton and d\n no th

es corns o he nigt li by h moon

s t patly escapes the major mopping f daily activiies T same cannot be

i o commnicaion and it s pecsy

ees of fase (aily) communication tha

ok h spak o sxa assion And

ay consumr soity is xtndng

lcaion fhr and furth into th

ches of h nigt

ople who alk about communcation

en he ae only thngs and ti

chanica elations a wokin on t sid

f h pocss of ication tha thy pren attack Undrtandng' frindsip'

g happy toth' - so mch b!lshit.

ll I can se xploitrs and xloted

l and ued actor and spctaors. nd

l of hem ailed lik chaff by Power

hins aen necssaily xpssionless

nyhin can bcome human if someone

infss it wit thei own subcity B in

world led by privaive apprpriaon the

ony function o he objc s o Js its

proprietor. my sbectivit overows if my

eyes mae landscape hei own it can

only b idealy, wthout mateial o ea

nseqencs n th pepective o owe,

popl and ngs arn't th o my

noymn ut to sv a mas noing

aly is, vhing fnctions as pat of an

odr of possssions.

e can't b any rea communication in

a wold whe almos vyng on dos is

ruled by feishes The space between people

and ns isn't mpy s packed wh

alienatn mediaions And as powebcoms ncasnly asact s own

signals become so numerous, so chaotic as

to demand systmatic intpeation on e

pa o a body of scibes, semanticians and

myoogists Broght to s only objcts

around him th prpito neds obcti

and ojcied sevans Only sbjective

truh, as hisorically ecomes ojectv,

can wihsand this so of hing ne mt

start t immda xpienc lf if onwants to attak mos advancd ponts to

which rprssion has pna

man plasue of th mdde class

sems o hav ben dgading plas in all

its foms I wasn' enoh to impson

pop's frdom to all in ov in the

squali ownshp of maia {intladed

of core, wih the occasiona onni

stand t wasn't enoh o s hings up so

that dishonesy and jeaousy w bound folow. h grat ng was to saotagpeople on he ew occasions they eally di

m/

ov's dspai dosn't com fom sxual

uaion comes fom sddeny osn

contact wh h peson in you ams; o

both of yo sddnly sing on anothr as

an ojct. Swdish socia dmocacy as

hyienic as ever as aleady ot its own

hob cacature of ove out on h

maket onnih stands dealt out lke a

dck of cadsHow sickening hse ndlss lis on says

and ha ow much on wans to b

sraih wth somone. Sex aly os sm

to e ou only break Somemes I thin 1

nothng else s as rea nothin else s as

hman, as e fel of a woman's ody the

sofness o he skn, the wam an wness

of h cun Evn f the w nohing ls

at all, is alon would be nogh fo ver

But vn durng really magical moments

the n mass of objects can suddenly

become mantic. he passiviy of a love

sddenly unavels th bonds which wee

bein woven the dialou s inteped

bfo it aly bgan ove's dialctic

ezs o stas a l lyng sid by

sid o objcts

Although lov is always bon of

sbctiv a grl is bai bcas Ilove e - my desir cannot p iself

objectifyin wat t wants Desire aways

maes an object of th ovd son But if I

lt my des tansfom th lovd pson intoan objc hav I not condmn myslf



confict wit thi obect d troh for of

hbi, to bcome dhd fom i

W n peet ommuiiobtwn ov? Te nio of the

oppo�it:

moe I dch melf from th obct

of my ei n the mor obectiv

trenth I ive o my dsi e more

creee my dsir bcome owrd iobet

th mor I det myl from my deireofr it objt nd t more

objective trn I iv to e obj ofmy e the mo my deie nd t

ai d'€t i loved peo

Soclly th plyg w one' titudscn b xpred by chn prtr the

me im oe tt mo o le

prmnently to pivotl per All the

mtin would b the commnictio of sgl pos pnd i common I

ve lwy wnted o be ble to y: I

now you don love m ce you oly

ov yol I m ju th me So love

me

ove cn only be bed o rdil

bjctiviy The tme i p for l l

crifc form of love To love ol oslthrg other people to e love by oe

roug t love hey ow themelv. i

i wht th pion o love ths; ths re

he only ondtion of enc

ommictio.Ad love i lo dvnture; n ttmpt

o brek of dione To pproh

wom i spt hiitoist i o codmn oeelf o eife

rltiohip om e vry t T oice

is bten plr sdtio h oth plyboy nd te edion exercid by

ometh th i livey diferent theperon who i ectve bece h is't

trg to edD Sde lye o pole ttituds

n he on nd libine o e 120Day5 oSoom who cn oly rlly njoy

thmelve by totrg to t objet

they hve edcd nd wt more fttinome to thing thn to me it ffr;

o, on e other, the ibts o the

Phphy in th Bui wr d

plyfl who do l ty cn to iree one

otr pr Th ormer r th

fulyp ord, vibrnt wth hrd nrevol; te lttr the mt wio ve

1 1

disog i on nothr oly e eti

o i ow pere

Tod, edcion ds to bomisingl sdisti Sdis is ibili t

forive t deired pro for beg

objec. Trly ctv people, o he

otrry ontin t lss o ir itmeve; ey ee to ply prt

owe heir eductivee to i el I Se this would be olmnce Ei Mdm d SiAne This plenitue

only ext o th did peron i hey c

oni eir ow il to l iv in th ho dsies thm R sdo d

only by it on nd ot everyo isw educi. hi w th gi3

o Shwidi nd ei onis(thtt cenry) me y yin t

reite o exu dvce ws te sig

r pi Te Bre o th FSpii exprd e me ide "Aowho now Go ihitig m crie

i ow even in himl By te soken igorc of one' own ivinit ll

is mo in T is the mig o teell wi one cre with one in

ry i

Hell i th mpin lft by stioth is o lo in si by i

withot bein toget. No-ounitiis lwy like the cope of evolormoveme he will to dth inle

were th will to lif h dippered

Lov mt b freed om myt, fro

it imge om it pecur cteoi iuntiity st be ghened nd itspotety reewed Tere i no oth wy

of fightig is reifctio d it ecprtio

in e pctcle ove n' nd either

ioltion or gmntion i is bond o

ovrflow into th will o trnom th whoe

of hum ctivt, o th ncei of

bdg old w lo eel emeto b fe eee

he b t dioluon of the

momen o love bond o be the dectic

of memory d eire At t di te poibility o its eiotio trethe

on nothr. In th mon of love itlf

mmory nd dre coiid h momen

of love is te pceime o thec, livd

experece, pree contiin bot t

p d th tue A e a f brak

up memoy rolong the mpionedmom bu deie grdly ebb wy

�-



cin

to

d

orn

an

on

e

o

s

ly

n

i

Te set disintegrate5 memy tunsgicaly wards ast hapess wleir forsees te nappiness t com Inilutio the separation s real Te fail

e cet past cannt e frgoe adir gradually melts away

I love as in every attempt t

ucate te poblem is avdig the

e of rakg up On cud sggest:- de\lopig te mment of love as fr as

ca in as many drections as

possile; in er wrd� resing todissociate it frm eiter creativity r play,

aisig it m e state of a mment o

tat o the al cstcti f asituai

- romotng colective eperimens inididal realsaton hus f mltplyinghe possblits sexua attracin by

brnging tgter a great vaiety pibe patne

- permanetly stregthing the peasre

icipl wich is th lifeblod f eveyattmpt t ralse neself, tcommunicat r to paticipate Pleasre

the rinciple f ncaton Lve sdesire for nty in a commn mml;

fedsip desre for niy a cmmo

ojc

T OI E IALT F EE

$ pau c kg

o coc. iLu i ac aco caus a iubac OLou

/0 Rca 'asi i p ma

s a sa pma ciss

c au d o axy

asc say a a c

T oc dm pao

y com uy a gam uiy ad

vaiy iou c ouoaycc ca (Boom aay

cou-ouoay SI o 3)

Wielm Rich aribes e marty ofneurotic behaour dsbances f theogasm to wat he caled " oriasticimpence He matains tat anxiety is

created by inabiity t expience a cmleeorgasm by a sexal discage whh f t

liquidate all the exctement all te foplay,

leaing up The accmlated aduspe ene ee fee-tin ad �

coveted it aniety Aity i its trstill her impedes fture orgiasic poency.

Bt te pblem of tenions and theirliqiain esn't jus exist the level of

euality. It chaacterises a malationsips d Reich, althoug esensed that this was so fails to empasse

strogly enu th the present scial cisisis als a crisis an orastic nate If he

sce of nerotic ene les in te disybewee te uult ad te discharge

f sexal ener seems t be tha esoce of enr our ness s aso t befnd in the dispay etween te

accumuain and the dscarge eeer called p hma reainhps

tal enjoymet is stil possible in themmet ove u as so as ne ties tolong tis e o extend it io scial

ife tself ne cannt avid wat Rich

called stasis e wr of theisatisacory ad uncnsummatd is awrld f perma crisis. Vhat woud a

sciey wthout nersis be ike? An endlessbaue Pleasure is he nly guide

Everything s femiine in what one

loves a Mee te emire flov eie no tr ie tat those

f pleasu u peasure tsef desntecogise any froie If isn grwng its beginning o disappear Reptitio kills it

cant adapt isel the fragmentary Te

inciple f pleaure caot be separated

m the ttaly.

The eroic is leasre seekng iscerence It the deelopment of passios

, , ' '



becoming commucative interdependent

nitar The bl is rtig i silife tha state of total enjoymet kw ithe mome of love Coditions allong a

game wth ity d variet, tat is to sa

free and transparent aicipato

particlar acieemet

Fd ene the goal o Eros as

ication or e search for unio. Butwh he maintains tha fear of beg

separated ad xpelled the grop

comes r an derling fear of castratio

his proposion shou be inverted Fear of

castratio comes om r o being

eclded, not other wy rd. isxiy bs more mared as te

islti of idi vidals i illso

ity becomes moe ad dffclt

to ignore.

Ev while it sks ificaion Eros is

esseiall narcissistic and in lv wth itsel

t wts wod to love s mch as it loves

itself Norman Brw in L aga/

D points ot e cotradictio. How he

as ca a acissistic oietatio lead to

io w eig i the world? love the

astact antimo of t Ego and e Oer

be transceded we reurn o the

concrete reaity of please to a deniion of

sxlity s being essentially a pleasrable

ivity the body and if we se love as te

rlatonship beeen the Ego d thesorces o pleasre." ne coul be more

eact the s s les less i tbod the possbilty of free tivity ithe worl Te concrete eality of psr isbsd on the reedom o unite oneself with

anyoe who allows one to become unite

with sl The realisation of pleasure

passes through the pleasre of realisatio

the pleasr of iti hogh the

commnicatio o pleasre pacpatio in

pleasre thrgh te pleasur of paricipation t is becase of this that the

narcissism tuned towards e otside wol

the ssis Bro is talg abo can

y bring about a wholesale demolition of

social strctures.

The more intense psr bs the

more it demads the whoe world overs

sek greater and grater pleasre sidBt his is reotioar dd.

Wester civiisation is civilisaion

wk ad Dogenes observed ove is pi of the unoccpied" With the

1 1

radual disappearance of cd labor takes on a gt ad greater mpotac. has ecome the maor s to develo.

And it poses a dit theat o ever ki athori Becase th rt is niary it ialso acceptace of chage redom kow

no propanda mor eecive tha eop

calmly eoyg themselves c is y

peasu o the most pat, is forced to becladestine love locked away in a bed

crativit id o the bck stis of

cltre ad alcohol ad drugs cower uer

the shadow of the outtretched of th

law

The moralt surviva hs dd divsiy plesres and the

nioi variet i oer to promote

obsessive rpetitio. t i plesrexiet ys satisie with the ritiv tre peasr

can ly exs in tems o diversit)thi-

t Cleary he simplest mode of te

erotic is the p votl cople o people live

teir eperieces as honestly and fee

possle s radiant compicity as all te

charm of cest er wealth of commo

epereces ca oly lead to a broher an

sster rlatioshp Geat vs have always

had someig incestuos abot them; one

shold dedce tat love between brother

and sis ws privileged from the very fs

and tha it shold be wored on i every

possibe manner. It·s gh time to break hishe most acie d ugliest of l taboos

and to break it once and o all The process

could be escibe as sororsatio A wife

d sist whs ends a also m ves

ad sisters

In the erotic there s no perversion apart

from the negtio of peare: its distoio

into pleasre axiet h matter the

sp so long as the water is pur? A the

Ciese say: mmobile one another

please bears sAd fnally the searc for pleasr s e

best safegad of play. t defends al

patcipatio it protects it against self-

sacriice coercio d dissty. he

atual degree o intenst pleasure hsma sbjec's grasp on e world.

Thus firatiousness is plang wit dsir as

it is born; dsi plaing with passion as it

s bor And pl with passion ids its

coherence i poetr ws sstilly

revolonary aure vr be overempasisd



e i men e e

e s nompible wi pn On e

i qeon o einening pin

lsenxie i neie plee noin; is jus n ousef nd ein

ge wse n we. is !l

k in e gme f dese oin pie pin ng ou wi

rspndng degee of pn o nelse o nu A del in ul

ipin

PRJC PACAN cey ed n gnsed Ufviwl cn/y tlete ue. eoClr rm 0plBt gn Ihe ss 0 he eee e every mginbley i be rb! evehee Frm h Ihe e,� phevl nd.eynd i netii he nd$ Qiey el rn n d/dT ly men$ 10 $e led$ 0 ee ere t re 0 emce everyr ees nd e erlll hnej h ll ne'$ endt the leml $Ie he m.

vdl cvy eed$ n gncnn nd enhenin Nal cerin ind hdnic rhe pn eVrfme n

the l deri he eneml $e hve t elve he c gerll re Sern e nl pble revltinry hel nd r vle be ycnmer cy: peren lmeetern

nom neei nd p dn mi.

nnil nsins e edl seiou

u dn fool ond wi mone Te

lemens f p nined win feudeonm wee dull qeezed ou b e

ionli f mone enges n w

xnge men o be pou wio

wong o mu ou s

ndsed een Bu m e

momen pilim foed imme einip on e wd

fn w fobdden nd e dioip

f mmdie d sws lel i

inend enfoe ee elinsips

eewee ee lee f ife

e pl elonip f n life

in e Middle Aes empeed e

puel enmi neesiies of fedlm w

o eedm; pl fen k e uppe

nd een in menil k n e ipening

f usie in e eing of deb B

owin e wle of eed life n e

blefied of poduin nd numpion

pim e e e pl wle

e me ime ng o nes i sue f pofi. So e e l few

dede we e een e ion of eunknwn uned no ms oim

denue ned no eni epedin

nd e ge gme of w ned in

segi peions e fo nge now

es onen ne of e.

onemp soie s nned ll e

pl. een uned ino smeing onlien d d d ilden emseese gein me nd m png de

pe mmed down ei Te

d is onl llowed flsifed nd

eupeed mes ompeiins po

eein mbing . e e sme meis iu is kind of ubbi n

nee s nn s ng s people's

eie pl espeil wen gme

plng uld fois s nee efe n

o

Te sed now w pe e

pone nd deonee gme nes

e ieeen nd obsene ns ineds Wiu oneling em e

u embed ni luge nd

biing fn nd niili on nde i

mnle, e demon gme w e

Bougeoi pwe on e on pu p

in nine iole i in pei wd

if i wned o sop i infeing oe

umn ie. A is s pileged nddeped e e p fm ommee Ad

i wil w nil enom

impeilism e i i� un piulpemke Ten uned wn

every .ere, pl wil b o eeee.

I ws in f fom p bke

fee e eupon w lled Dd "e

dis eens woke e pimiieiinl

nn w been e d ine udene id g Bll nks nokes nd A dged dwn in is fll e

woe edie w e pi f Sene

d bl o e ee o e

beoiie So od e expein

n e e o someone plg is e

1 7



eeer 1964t il be eal one

ured ear e eted te uooIteoal t eolbegiig ge going no!

eae e realoe o tate beomare ith eierabe o o oinside eer orm o reain

breg eeeabe ?�

Sitois / o hecty Io WigM' Asi (1 964)

expression o te face of a rebel.

Henceforwad the total game a the

volution of everyday life ar oe

The deire to play a rerned to

destoy te hierarchicl society that baised

t. A the same time it is seing p a new

tye of soce one based on real

pacpao t s impossible to foresee the

detai of sch a ocet a ocet i whchplay i competely urestcted bt on

cold epect to see the folowig

characestics:

rejectio o all leades and all hierarcies

rejectio o selsacrice

rejectio of ole

freedom of gee elf-realatio

er honety.

Evey game has wo precondions: the

rles o playing and playing wit te rules.

Watc children play hey kow he res of

te game they rememer them perfectly

well bt they eve top breag tem tey

ever top deamig p new way of

breakng tem But or them ceatig

doe' have the ame conotations as t

does for adults eaig is part of t

game tey pay at cheating accopic

eve i teir argument \hat tey a

ally dog is spurrg temselves o t

ceate new game And sometimes t sccessl a new game is fod and f

ey revitase their playlness iot

nterrupg its ow

he game dies as soo as an attcrystallises become intittionalied

cloted n a magical aura. Eve o,

playfule owever ligtheared, never

oes a certai spit of oraisatio ad it

reqired discipine I a play eader pro

ecessary is power s eve wielded a expese of the autonomous power of eac

idivida. Raher it e focu of eac

idivida wil, the colective cotea

eac particular eir So the poject o

participatio emas a coere

organisation log te decisios of eac

idividual to be the decisions of everyoe

cocerned Obousy sml inmate

grops mico-soiete, oer te t

conditios for ch exeiment \ithi

them he game can be the soe rler o te

ticacies of commal life harmoisg

iiidal whims desires nd passios.

specialy so snce ts game wil eec te

insecionary game played by e group s

a whole foced upo tem by thei intetio

to ive otide te lawhe ge to play incompaible wt

sef-sacrice You ca lose pay te penay

sbmit o the ules spend an upeasan

arter of a hour thas the logic of the

game, not te logc of a Case not the logic

o sef·sacrifce Once te idea of acrifce

appea, e game become acred ad is

rules become tes For tose wo play he

rules, along ith the ways of plaig t

them, ae an inegl pat of te game In

the ealm of te saced on the contraryituals cano e played wit, they can ony

be boke can oly be tsgrsed (not o

forget that pising o te altar is still a way

of payg omge to the rch) Only play

ca deconsecrae open p te possiilities of

total feedom Tis is the principle of

sbvesio te freedom o cange the ene

o eveythig wc serves Power; e

freedom for example to tr te cathedral

o Chat ito a fai, o a labyrith,

ito a �ooting-range ito a dreamland�cap

-�



ar

f

a gop rvolng aud play, manal

domtic choes could e lod as

altis as h pric o pa fo loig a

int in a gam O more smply thy

ld b usd to mploy unoccupied ime a

a of active t assuming, a a cotrat,

e vale of a timulant and makig Ihe

mpio of play more citing

ntcion of ch situation ca oly esed o th diaei of prnc and

snce rces and povr plasre ad

n, te itesity of ac pol accntuatig

t itensit of the othr

any cae any ecne utiied i n

tophr of saciie and oeo ose

ch of it cttg dge. acta

etiness s mid up wi a pry

rsiv purpoe ad to repss crativity

to dc th prodctity of t macin

prssing it rk ca ony b oalienatig ad producive if yo ejoy doing

i

The le one plaY5 mut be h e one

pay wit. The pctaclar l demand

copl coviction: a dic rol o h

cntrary dmands a an dstanng On

as to watch osel over o's own

shoder in much te same sort of way hat

rofeioal actor lke to wop joke ooe in ewen to dramatic tirade

Spectaclar organiation is ompletely o of

its depth with ti o o hig The Marx

ths hav sho wha a ol a om

if yo play with it h only pity is hat h

arx rothr w stck wit th cinma

at wod happen if a game wth rlesstartd in ral lif

\e omeo begi t play a

prmannt e a iou ole h eie

ecs t gam or i wrcks im Cosid

h nhappy cas of t provocat e

prvocater s te specalist collctiv

gams. He can rap hr cqs not their daecic. Mayb he could sccd

i teerg te group towards offeive

action - for away p peopl

to atack here ad ow - i oly he wast so

ivolved i his ow role and is ow misso

hat e ca nevr udrtand tir nd to

dfnd temslvs ooner or laer, thi

incohec in is atide towards offnsive

ad dfensive acion will betray the

provocatr and lead him o i utmely

nd Ad wo makes he e provocatur?Th pay leadr who as om th os

Oly deie to play ca ead to a

commni whose intss ar idnal with

those o h idividual he traitor nike

th povocatur apa qte spontaeousy

i votioary grops \ do e

appear Wnvr the pit o play has

did in a grup and wit it evtaby the

pobility of eal ivolvemet e rator i

one wo caot xpres himself toug tsot of pacipation he is offed ad

dcids to play' inst tis paticipaton

ot o correc bt to destroy it Th traito i

an illness of old ag of rvoltona groups

ling ot on play is a ac o achery

that jtfe al oth

ti 1ccs ae the polmical tage of

the game. hey provid the ceary

contiity etwee poetry as it i orn

(play) and orgaiato of spotaneity

potry Of an ssentially techncal nat,thy prev potaneity ning itself ot i

h gnral onusio We know how cuely

abset tacic have en m mot popularpriin Ad w alo ow jst how

ofad hoias can e ao potaneo

reolution No srious stdy, no mtodical

analysis nohg approacing th lvl of

lauewis book o war Revoltionaries

ave ignored Makos attle almot a

oroughly a borgeoi gerals ave

stdie Napoeo

A few obsrvation in the abence of a

mo dald anaysi

A eicetly hierarchica army can wi a

war, but not a revoo; a dsciplind

mob ca wi nither e problm t is

ow to oraise withot creatig a

irachy; oter word how to make sur

tat te eadr of te game doent bcome

jut th Lader Th oly safguard

against authoriy ad igidity ng in is a

pay attitud Cravt plus a machn

gu an uoppabl combnatio. Villaad aos troops routd th most

eperinced pofeiona soldie of teir

day Bt oc ayfue begi to repea

itelf, the ae is o Te voltio fails

so that it lade can be iallle \y was

Villa defeatd at Claya ca h ell

back on old tactica ad strategic gam,

instead of makng p nw os. cically

Villa was carried away by mmorie of

idad Jaz wr h men ad fallen o

the emy fro h rear y iletly cuttingthi way trough the wals of hos aer



hus H fild s th mpr f th

miltry dvs brt but by th

1 9 1 4- 1 8 wr, mhu sts mrts

ths, t I plt trms h fild t

s th mpt f i th suppr

th dus plt ts id

t Obs vitius rmy ludd

bth wk mlitis d Grm mltry

dsTh strth f vlutiry mis lis

slly i thr rtity Fqutly th stdys f surrti r wkvr

simply bs bdy pid t slhtst

ttti t th rls by whih th my

pyd th m: bus thy vd

w m d u� vry k prt iits lbt t his rtiviy s iit bms rpitv, if th rviry

rmy bms lr rmy th yu

s ld dvti d hystr try i v tmk p fr th militry wkss

Itui with pst vrs brds trribl

dfts. Th m th s d th

dr pls th sus uiy twi t l\ d t w t q vi hld th prs t by f tw y

40000 pss whs tis hd iv

wy t rlius fiism wr hkd

pis Frkuss th fudl my

ly ls thr m 1 6 Stlyvillhdds f ullss vid thy wr

iviibl lwd mslvs t b

mssrd by thrwi thmslvs t

rd ddd by tw mhi-us Yt

ths wr th sm m w hd pvusly

ptd trs d rms simts mth ANC by pitti th rd with lpht

trps.Hihil rst d is

tprt, idsipi d ir

qully ifi. trdtil wr

th y f sd vrms th

iy f h thr u puyt spy; vlutiy w

ttl pty f th ls sts m

t my bth th wps d th tim

i wi t us thm thus rbbi thm f

thi ly pssibl supiity. ut f th

urrills b t pt tmslvs

my lr th ruls f th m t

whh p th urls f t dsry

lst bdly dm ppr rtivity

whih hs lrdy hbbld itsl

f trps r t rfus t kwtw tdrs hw th dsipli ssry fr

wrf b miid Hw

distt b vidd? Rvlutry

rmis td t sllt btw t Syl of

dvti t us d th hybdis f

utimly plssitrri pls, m f

fr str d uiti y th

fdts ftu slvry t quy

pmtr rii d th qst r smlplsus r lwy flwd lsly by thmild ist d th bldy wk fstri rd Disp d hs

ly m fm pls priip.

h srh fr rst ssbl pls

mst lwys r risk pi: ths is hst its sth hr dd th ld

ps f th c m d thstth t bsi tw b plsd tims d sll k t tms m?

thir pssit xpt f fstiviy iths s, i must b dmittd lly lt

d rp f plsu l th swt fr

v b tid s slwly h bst

ti hd--hd w tp f

utr psr h ll lv brut dustrd s th htr's ddist s

w A wp whih shuld b sd

ist y wh d t: sldir

s vry s t st his frs th

bk Fr th sm rss rvltiryrmis wll b s if y mk hn rsurfl d dpd ttii

sm w tks is plsur sriusy

I h mi suls th dsi t liv

i th full wl rl pil s

mtv ts wil mr with th si

lsr fr th sh fr plsur is

ldy plsur itsl Lsss i thsttis r v fr vy dy Ay whis rdy t lr frm his vrydy

pr wht drmis hs

dd d wt mks m str

wll dully r s ur s ttiwv tti s sltd h

wl t dsty this sk wrld ls fr

fdrti f th ts f vrydy lifts ust su fdrti th S itds tuip thly thut dly Str is

ltivly buildi lhi-pd f th

rvli th ttis f idividl

vrydy if.

mbis pt hmy'

smtims uss sts rvs t

fr ll t ft th dsi t m mh h f rvliry prmm hs



a f

,

ll

g

be ivaded by a paaysig hmasm

How may tmes have revoloaries saed

te ives of thei own ftre figsad;w may ties have they acceped a trce

tt meant o oe to thei eeies tha he

ortuiy of gathering reiforements? deoo of hmanity is a e weapo oterrevotio oe whih an justi

e mos sickeig atroities (the Begaas Sa[yi1).

hee ca be no egotiatio with theemies of freedom tees no uarter whih

be exteded to as oppressors he

hilaio of couterevolutioaries is the

ly hmataa at whih a pevene mate ihuaiy of a itegallybreacratised huais

Lasy power must be lly destroyedy meas ofrgea as. he struggle

r pre eoomi emacipatio has madesviva possbe or eveyone by makig

ayhig beyod srvival ipossile B the

traditoal worke movemet was clearlytrggling for more tha that: or a ota

cage i eoe way o lie ay ase

the sh to hange the whoe world at oeo is a magial wish wch is why t can soeasily degeae o e crues reois

ayptiism and demads fo gradual

eorm ed up y mergng i the arrage of

ecoile dierees It ist surprisig atpsed-revolutoary aties aways ed upby retedg that ompromises are the

sme as tactcsThe evolion cannot be wo either by

accmlatig mio vitories or by an alloutftal assat. his s the pat o whic the

is set caulaed haassmet on everyfrt culral polica eooc ad

social Cocentatg o everyday lfe wllesue the nity of he combat.

brs I its bades sese

sbversio is a alebracig e·ey play t is the act by whih play grasps adeunies eigs ad thigs which were roze

solid i a shattered erarhi array.Oe eveng a ght fell my fieds

ad wadered ino the Pai de c Brssels. he buidig is a mostrsiy,crshng the poor uarte beeah it andguardig ike a sey the fashioable

Avenue oise o of which some day

we wll make a beathangly beautil

bombsite s we wadered tog theabyrit o coridors stairases and site

after sute of oos we discssed what

ould e doe to mae e plae aitae.

Fo a time we oupied e enemiesterritoy though the powe o ouiagiatio we asformd te thieves e

ito a fantasti far into a sny peasureoe where the most amaing adventeswould for e irst tie, be rally lved I

shot subvesion s te basi expresso oceatt. Daydreaming subvers the wodPeople sbvert, just a� Jouda dd with

proe and James Joye did with Ulyss�spotaeosy ad with osderabereetio

t was 1 that ebod sruck byaramots systeatic use of subversio

rst dew attetio to e vrtaly iitedossiiities of the tehqe. I 0 Jor

was to wite: ·ubversio is a ame which

ca oly e payed as eveythig oses its\alue Every lemen of pt ltue must

eithe be r-nvested i reaity or bscapped" Debord eaae

u no 3 deoped the oept

stll fe e wo basic prmcples ofsubversion ae the loss of imrtace of each

ogally indepeden elemet (whih ay

eve lose its rst sese ompetey) and the

orgaisatio of a ew sigiat whole

whih ofers a resh meaing o each

eleet.

,

Reet history alows oe o bestill more prise rm ow o its clear

thatas oe ad more this o a all

apa subveio apear spotaeousy.Cosmer soie pays ito the hands ofthose who wat o ceae ew sigiicat

wholescultur is o loger a partularly

priveged eatre. he ar of sbverson

ca be an itegal part of ay rebelioagait te natue of everyday lie;

sce parttruths e or wordsubversion is ow the oly tehiqe ate sevie of a total iew

s a revoloary ac subversio s theost coheren most popa ad the best

adapted o revoltoary practice By a soto atural eolution the desie to play

leads people o become oe and oeetree more ad more radial

Or perie is falig to piees abotou ars and disintegatio is a diect

coseqece of the developet o cosumersoety he pase o evaatio ad ths



poibilit of vrion i th wor ofoporr htor. Subvron h

bo pt of th tti of peeo n

ntill poitiv ct

Whi th bndn of omr good

i id \rh or tp forwd

in voltio th w th goo d

b oit a w now ivlidt ll thir

poiti\ p B< gag i

priil or of pofit for cptlmnd th oilit brecce, it ot b

d for oth d. h idolo o

coe t li ut i imnft it botg th ommodit

otd in it; t wht ould b th

mtril qim p nw

form - v. In i cotet bvio

brod w w of in comodteit invnt urior o ood, e b

whih tivit n tghn itlf with

othing tht w ogil td to

w it h probl of tti nd

trt rvolv rod or bli to un

git pti th wpon thomm nt fod t o

dirbt thod of bvon hold pd ABC of th onur who

wih o top bing o

Svron, whih forgd it ft

wpo from now om th t ofhdlig v or of wpo. Hvig frt

ppd mt th ultrl i of th

r 1 9 1 -25 t rdl pre tov ouhd b oc dompotin

pit w t ill ofr fid of vlidxpimnt for th thniq of bvrion

22

d th ill uh o b lnt

pt Surlim fild bu it trid o

invt dit tivl whih h ot

ee cpletel dud to o. oth

ttmpt to bild on vl whh hv bn oog gd b iiliti ii

ll n i th m w: ith prto

ontmpor bntiin hv

thi ombintor ttid towrd t ofr to bli in h vlu of

uuion of dpte eleewhtovr ee if te ptcl eleet

!v' b a o or J

L God it th polog f

jnd

hr r o limit to tivi hr

no d o ubvio

m The Revtin f Eea

Lfe Vgm 967



So i 0u O n• 0 / kl5

I WO \�l

('-�o6S ,

r- "-__-,;�c ..

AsD h>- Id3 'lik r etar U T.wY Ytus:

"QIC Sus.1�I·w' fVC' .C -; .c 0

'\1t� . 4C � inm (.f\o. i s t5c.t

cliY I w\'Aou:) e\�chs

6 d a ,"\-"E5 0 o. 0

((cyve G"'

J� fC o

m El M, � 1

1 23

to" tr '".

\4.�



ADRSS O ALLWORKRS

Wt on n rn o ut

urp. Soon t l trt ll t rulncl o ol, fom t burut f

Mco n t mllonr fnton n y Jst e ad n ttl

polt l tk up rm nt y

cptl cy f ry t, ry tl of

\ry lto. T oco of fctor

o ormn l trouot ttr ory ' ju opp t

coomy cl ol mno o lf o quo Almt yboyt to o l t y W r

ry outony momn. A n pr ono of wat h aad d n l b mtr ft rolto.

Wo l ty o cptlm? T

m c ny tf by tr of

clln n t rmy lo t pom

of nr lo oo yo

o m my un rmrpn rt y. A for lr t pr of t l', t ll lo try f ol ol by coco o ton n by olc on t r T

ocll Commut , t p of

Stt brrt c fout to momnt fom t ry fr n onybn to qto Gl ormn t Gl ol o lorpot t, ol n t o

u o Por Frot ornmntSc nol ormt l oy

1

bcom Krkym f t Stlnr to b ft ntlly t pnuon t ork pon tr noun

n upn tr b to monmy Toe o un on tcu nct remt o m

rmnt tt ooy t tr unolr tll to tt l tycnno r' m mr n t

frmork t coomy, ty cnak ryn y trform t ry

b o onomy o r on blf bo rly py ny mor t u ppr

T momt toy o pocby o byo t on pny-pn

m for cr n non

n o o-c ocl problm' Tmomn byon po t

o n ll t nty A rolutott n bul up for unry out to p gn t mut l

t o m ly 10 lt or buuctcory flft An ont l m

Slnto cll for nl ornoroupn ll tr fo of t roluto

for o roo l n rotky or nM rcy or tuom" remmbr t r t Trotyt or Mot to y not of ptl

nrc Frto ot yn

tor to o t t pt oton

bcrt my t to cn trmn bout t uttcly



ltinry the thenti elun

ee dest e ge its id

u t is bureurtiy i the per they hld d it

e pries d unns f t ey re, eres nly t hemsees in

det tee f e enmy, it mplee enstrtn f te hle f

il ife is by mes f unitymmitees t e bs mintig tei

my l liti nd trdein ledesip ptetig emseles by

federg llly nd ntily. By

llig ths ptten ey il ee ely rel per te ty te per fe rkes ils. If it ds d tis

h bese i is eiter eutiry r it thing, the pletrit ill beetig g It ill be k ged te

Wt distngises te pe the

ils? e dsppene f ll exteri

er; die d t dery stitlydted deegtes sbe t iedite

el te bin f hierrhy nd f ldted speilsi the erme

ree prtiipti l rdinry peple

itentinl extensi nd riti.thig less ll d h

ptr heer pde tey y be -

ilding priests eer mu tey ytlk bt selfngeent ee btres ui�. ey lys gie

thesees y by e tig: tey try t

se e e f thei ieletul

speilstin tus ssng r le y ture bueury

Wt is essent tdy is t s bee

essetil sne te beginnig f te rglss een the utnmy f the

rng lss e strgge te bit

ge b mmdity prtn

d f the stte te eti f siusistry the eliintn f ll frms fseprti f "eyig tt eists prtfm indidals. e pletr

relin hs spnteusly eled s nfrs i te is i 5t Petersbrg i19 i n 1 9 in Ctli i196 i Budpest i he ntied

exstene f he pei ing lsses, r

the fmn f ne nes eessitted etime the suppressi f te uis

te rg lss ks ts eemies nd they tey e relutiry

rgistin hd t en tht it uld

lgeg led ( 0e ect) he rkes nils re tenly ser. ery er fm f

eliny strggle hs eded p th theery psite f t s ginlly

lkig f

Leae, May 6

1 25

Eer esris thrger f

oi �itory'get o - deas t reastbl". Wve of thi e - one hold o ei - Amei ett deso wried b e

fr C er wih y w to be rozed t o eie bo or tir temoyde i oie heir tay in teergt di,where he os wil berd ( it 5illio on of th in eU) wl od toEHingr oe d ls (F OO) o.

Fre, 1 7

BON, 26 JN

Mrshl io ofYolv isloed

o tho we og he coeedigng e tte e Masa, whow lkig golvmirot worers er oe� d e o wdob be 0 milioaire"·ou roboly r one ofe t w eted,ut th gosl l<der g. H eno ilio o lios ofYolv" he d



SO OUGSO GRALSL-AAG

Nvr srii pet o to too Ejo t t t

nig whi osn sisf yur i towy hy oul yo wo oy r jmtomrw inc you will loo own w inywy in oc i th nw orr yo wilonly ho n plm nly ow inou ti t hruh l lurs instor or yo?

Foue, m Thughs hCmng Soci Mtmrphsi

I tir filu opaos o ay

1 968 atd a ofs populr nss

of th d fo hag nivs fligt a totl tansotion is st ond thon ust no nd is ri th mov

o to grlsd slfmgmt

og th stting p of os ouils

h point to i onsiosss hs bn

bgt b otionry g spits mst

no bom t poin of ptu

2

ay istory is nsig th qstion

i loyd Gorg sd t os and

th old olds srvts hav b hoing

vr s "You n to dsoy o soial

ognstio t ar you goig o put i its

pl? W no ansr no thans toth pousio of litt loyd Gogs oadvoat th stt diosp of th

proltat of thi oi d tn ait fo

1

t orn g ss to orgns itslf n

ouils so ty an dissolv it d tothr on

3 tm h pl ts th rs of

hanging th orld it rdiso t

oy of history Th rlity of pas

ossibilis of soity of onils hi

has b hidd by istoy of th

rptd sppsson of sh soity, isrvad y possbliy of its immdit

ralsaton his s d r to all

os in My Stalinis nd its Totsyis

doppings shod tt lthoug thy

oldn't hv h th n to rus a

vigoous on movmt thy stillbl o hold its mg y shr ddig vrthlss t or oni

movmnt dsovrd ilf s th ssy

sltan of two opposng fos t itrnal

gi of t opaos n t ssvogi o ptis d t uons os

o still op ir ni to fin ot t is

to b don stiing thir ds i

dustbi.

g mny popl j ay

ogansto hih s ot itrtion of t ltaiat i th poss o

dstroyig itsl as prt nd tisrtion as insprbl o flig



tht diy lie itho de time spossie lst ths sese e ie oke' cocils is the t prcipe ofgelsed selmgeme

y s essei sep i he log

otio: the individual istory of miliosof people ll ookig fo uthetic ifeoiig up th te histoc moemet othe polett ghtig gist the holesstem of lieto his spoteous tyi ctio hich s e pssioe moto ohe occuio moemet c oly deeops eory d pctce i the sme u.ht s i eeyoes e ill soo be ieeyoes ed. A lot of people ho felttht they could go o liig the sme old

y o ee if thigs ee bi bette cemember ht it s lke to rly e or hile d to elee tht gre chges eepossble. Ad this memoy oul become reolioy foe ih e help of oehg gee luciy bot he hicaCOuiI fee, idiidual liip,geelised sefmgemet

Oly the poetit c cee the pojec ofgeerised selfmgeme by esig tocry o existig s the proeti cieshis pojec i itsel ojectiely dsujeciely o the �s seps ill come fome megig togethe o its histoicl bttlesd he stuggle fo eeydy life d om eess th ll is emds eobe ght y bt oly f t grtshem itsel this sese the importce of eolutioy ogisio mus e mesuedfrom o o by ts blity to dissoe itsef

io e eity of the societ o oescocis

rkes cocls costite e type ofsocil orgistio oe y hich theproleri ll put ed to heproleriistio of me eelsedselfmgemet is simply the olityccodg to hch the coucils ill cete

style o ie se peme libetio\c is oce idiidl collectie

t s cer from the peceig ht he pectof geeised sefmgemet mst ioles my detils s ech roloy hsdesies d s my eolutioies s there peope dissts�e ith thei diy ieeccul commodiy sociey poduces ecotros hich epess sbjectiiy but

his lso eds to he refusl hich ees epositity of subjectiity; i the sme y fomto of coucils hich lso ses fmhe srggle gist geel oppesso isthe bsis o e coditios fo geelelistio of hs sbectiiy ithou ylimts is o mptiece o mkeisoy. o gese selfmgememes e bilty of oes' coucils torealise hstoclly the imgtio.

ho geelsed selfmgemeokes cocis lose l sigicce. \ms e s ute bueuc therefore s peset eemy yoe hospeks of okes coucis s ecoomic osocil orgisms yoe ho does ptthem t the cete of eerydy life

Oe o ouies gt meits is ht hesoed us h e ms crete hehedo hic mes fo us heegig of the gee suectio theobjectie coditios fo idi lietioFo eeryoe, the begig of thereoloy momet mst bg immdate nee i e esu iig: coscously lied begig of toliy

I I

The cceeig e hich eomismih its ticotietl belyche is egidiculos droppigs behd t (ll thosele pies of Mosts TotkyistsGuests) shos eeyoe h the ghespecilly socilists d tliis esuspected for log time: ptil demdsco i hemseles e impossblity of ot chge Rher he ightig oeefomism to cocel oer e empio

to t he old ick isideout like breucrts ski hs l the mks of the



l sluo o e pbem of epe

s mples se wh es

geel uphel hogh me m

feque s momes

ccs lg qe be wh

eessl pl cs ec c, s

e ecessy se c e

lq f he mmy w s

me o eg e t atae fspec commoy sey. As lg s

o mss cs bse o he lw f

mmee plese, ee wll be o ee

wo bu he oseques

1 2

I\ es we ow few sggesos

whch e pcce of lee wokes wll

so show he oe of: nauurain e

eam eene ee ppuy pel g skes moe o less

clesel e mes gg he

pcs oes weses w

es o eles mkg

peses ( smes, s, weps,

es, ks o mes),

gsg gews f e mehse

epme ses breakn te aw f

exane and ennn e abn fae-aur b lleel ppopg e

pocs o wo, colleel sg mesfo pel eol pposes

deaun mne b geelse me

ses (e, es epucse

slmes, fes, ec enuraneerd' eaii b sg p he

po sbuo seo, peps

emel b n e wke

col loog po s s

eessl hes b pefecble eese

abisn erari and te st fsare b eg sses uo

osses) s he esee, eegmlsm an ete erereaa a earat; en te ter uf eer rate and e era b he

pouo f hos pses, sogs, e

1 3he pole s le sow

ws how o swe e oppesse

mple of pls sos ses

wh e smpy of ogso mgel b eeoe o eeoe I

8

o mes e pbems of sul e o

pose oo e ee b

sle e e he pblems f

s whh s o be le e se el

he poec f wokes' ols ce

psy eg e wos

s e bss o u psse sce,

s se

1 Becse e eese o powe sepe

fom e es of he meme wokes

cls olee pwe e

e w F s eso, ocg

el emosos gs e se

c me he eme eo o

culs whch, wu bsoue powe

he ow e sepe m

geelse self-mgeme wulecessl be empy f ce e

mess u w ll ks o eol

e ol oes l eo o bebe espo he s is adew he s s rad e ade

be eol gsos wh

eelp he pe f woes cocls

eqe weess o w e eemes

who e lles mpo spe of

hs sggle s le ppee befoe ou

ees: dua r I foes es sees

hoses bcks, scols ew ey s

mesg coemp f bosses, weeme s o e ol ow s oemp

ms eelp ees s logl

oluso e ee e f

wke mus sce h e bosses e

ol coempbe b lso seless wh

s me c be lque who ll

ees

Rece s wll s me 10 e see

eles bsses ems

sge lee geelse sel

mgeme o seo os he

ew sey f ue gs fl

p, esm log epesso u

powe suos le lluse s

chce Coheee ems e

pss esu of ll fms of

geme ms o be sc m e

cosuc of cocls; f he eem e sese l he wl he o p e



ly

rly

as

s

,

s'

u

"

fact that thi nw oaniation o yday

ratioships is al at wil b a to op

prad of wat an Acan poliait ha alray cald or

ta il bl coandos brstn

t of suway tran, ooti o th

rftops un th obiity and th innit

ror of th ba urrila to ki

policn, iqdat athority rant anp rio, roy th cooy. it is o

u ob to a t bo aaint ir wil.

All w ha o do s ppar coul and

ak su thy can dfnd ss by al

pos�ibl an In a play by Lop d Va

o illa kll a dpotic royal oicial.

W ty a hald bor ntain

aitrat, all at t illas will ay

udr xaiaton s th na o illa,untoo\jna It is no nouh o a

ollti ation o aoid rpsio (iaint ipotn of th of aw and or

i th bak clks who oupid r bak

ad appopatd th nds it ut aso

and i th a ont, lad towads a

ratr oltionary ohnc rks'

ois ar in t a of th

dcopostion o ta alnd n i

fo y r o rioai a i

prinipl by tora dands polc

an only aswr it� qstios wi li o

ir ataliis Only works oni of a

fni aswr a wil pt a stop o

ootin? h oanation o diibtion

ad th d of coodiy can What

will pr\nt sabota and wast

appopation of ahins y atiity

of t ollti at will pt an nd topls of anr and oln?

aboition of th pltariat by ans of th

olcti contcio of yay lif.

only jifcation for o trul is th

iiat satisation o tis projt: wi

i wat ais s idiatl

Gnrals slanant will ha\ only

o sor of uppo xhiaraio of

unirsal frdo is is quit nouh to

ak absoutly rtain abot so

pliinay ar, wi ou oluionay

oaisation will a to t sta.

Likws thir rai will alrady inol

th xprin of dr docay Tis willalow to pay or attntio to tain

sloans For xa all powr 1 th

na ably ipis that watr

aps th dit control o t atonoo

assby wil rrat i diat for alth autonoo aritis of opssion T

wo asby wt all its tndnis ust

b psnt tuh its pstas at t

o wh don a a. n f

th dsrution o tat wil pn arial o ar of t Supr So

w t ill ak su that o oraisaion

s o ip ta o no-buraucray anpossibly ais. t th copxiy o

conicatio hni (which i

appa to b a rtxt o t sial o

r of pialist i jst wat aks

poib t continuous control of dlasby as t coraoncortio

cton o r dciions at al ll So

as ros t aways a lpintrtlvon tc thi biqity t b

l It wol alo b a oo ia or

lal city, rional and intrnatonalol to lt (a a i orol a

y to ook af uppl and

podio: an m l p

in ontinous and clo ontat wit o

ouncil a ·dng whos job

wod b as far a t dands o I

u will lt to adca t

Fouit proct, o ta ponibliy fo

t atifatio o dand o

pason, to i ndiidal ds what\r

thy d o s to ak ans

aalabl fo xprint and adntur, 10

haoni lfl iposiion wit t

ornation o obs tat a o b don

(an srs, ooki a ki,

ducation oon t and a s/cO a stion wol b sonil

to t ull asbly dlat wold

oabl a wod uarly ad

port to on anot and th poionwoud rotat rtially nd orizotally

loic o oody yt

sstaind by alinatd pctic ust bcood by t social oic of dsi and

ts idiat practic T ist

oltioay stps wil a to ol t

rction of or of work and t widst

possbl aboitio of orcd laor. Woconil cold ditinis btwn ry



setor (food, ano. commuicaion

ngig builig clohig lconic

inig. wapo mdc comfo ad m

gal wav i cay fo

ma aomaio o hioical

codiio); covo ctr wo

wok coi a y can div hm o

voioay o. ad ara

ss, who ambli dd mly oaol hm laly wok i h

limiad co admiao. ofc

cacula ad adig bn wll

o wo a fw o a wk a

wav jo y li i oiy co.

ah a ig ou a day a hi old

woklac T col wl av o

xim wi aaciv fom o wok.

o o coca i nlaan b o

ma fo by a laf oganiaio ad

o lac wok a a a bl whavy oowg cil of wok

o f y' A foaio of

wold bcom dnfd wi h

coucio of if cay wok will

diaa in h a o ho-olf

(fo i ow a

o afm ha h coucil oganiaio of

diibuio ad odco wi vn

looing and wholal dcio o

macy ad o o con o

d of oly i m of ai

a_ coucl a oganiaio of

h w ociy will do away wi al

maimg aao by i cvlcs /ds Waglabou ca d

mom coci a funcioig

h mom quim al li

cio o ac concl a ogad

ducio an diibuo along

did by fll amby hi oi.i omag o h a of Bolhvik

fog ial� mad of olid gold and

lv ca b buil a ba l i

Gal lfmaagm a

xion o coc Iialy wok

aa wil b a ov by wok

cocnd oganid a coucil o g id

of i omwha cooaiv cu wok wi a oo a ol. ow m

o o i fin o ol ling i h

am aa o ho d by ioluion

of aaical co, o a y aidly

ak fom of local cocl, a of

Commu (ui o a om igh o

hoad o?

h ial gow o cocl m b

couaac by i xal

gogahical go Mainag h oal

adicaliy o libad zo wil dmad

coiual aio On cao, a Foi

dd. ly xcvly on h magc quay

o commn, bu, a am m

o cao ao o ima

ow o c xcid by vy am

a aic mancaio lfdc

of couci cold b ummd by maim: "am u i volioay

Galid maagm wll oon

vov i ow cd sb did

o liqida iv lgiao ad i

millay mi Pa wl aa

ig od of dual ow bo h

n lgal ym ha b oally

aia w igh o ma

vyo ig o iv a y la, o

build i own ho, o ak a i vy

ambly o a am, o lv a a nomad

o ubli wav y vyo

a hi ow wallwa o lov wiho

ay o of co g o m

vyo h igh o maa quim

cay fo aliaio of hi di

gh o cai ig o h

conqu o nau h d o im a a

commodiy o hoyil.

alaio o a ad h imagiay c awa i ailgilao

ou Vg I o. 969



e

ly

.

POUR [EGALIT

SEXU lL

VTEZ fRE

3 1

VOTE FREY FOR SXUAL

QAIY

We r icuin theal drtisa

th IS Th tesitt wre to ha�e a evy re oh d oe we, 0 m r lot ie ey 'tgr a wa wh I kethe I d t betraed.

On te t a, teecoomC d cial otxthe n i 015 an pea an I icrly efned: prvaly whic mltlich, epratios diequaitie in edvelpnt t refore ea ehrticular hr

L'Uiqu el so Propit

(IS pomic agns Fufexd sfuaont, ary1 967)



MEMBERS OF THE SIUAION 1S ITENAIONAL

etin Natnali Resine le

Wlt -. t Itl 5

Po ]QN tl Itl 5

El VRR tl Itl 15ph MNY l Egl Mr 1 5

Wlr KRN Blg Blg Atm 1 5

h DHU Algr Alg 15

H HE Gm Grm b 15

BR Dt Dth Spg 1

RN Dt Dth Spg 1

H N Dt Dth Spg 1

NN (Nwh Dt Dth Sr

G EN Itl Itl Sr 1

Gpp NZ tl Itl Sr 1

G WR tl Itl Sr 1

Hz Grm G 1

Ablh KB Agr Alg 1

A NKN t Bg Mr 1

Asg Rt' Dh Apr 1

M \KjER Blg Bg Ap 1

q t Isl 1

[ Gm G Fb 1

th ER Gm Gr Fb 1

Dtr KNZENN Gm Gr Fb 1

N Gm Gr Fb 1

Hm R;. Gm G Fb 1

Gt DE Gm G Fb 1

Ht TR Gm G Fb 1

H-Pt R Gm Gr Fb 1

Jql N Dh Dt M 1

Agr EE S Sw M 1

St SSN S Sw M 1

K S Sw M 1

Hy JD S Swh M 1

Jg N S D M 1

Att KNJ Blg Hg Ot 1

Pt S D " 1

Al TR No t glh Atm 1 4Uw G Gm M 5

At R F Rom "

J B Bg Dth "l

RNN Bg Blg 1

E R Fr h 1

T FRY Frh Fh J 1

J RNT F Fh J 1

Hrrt H Fr Fh 17

M ERNEN Fr Fh 1

Njg N Fr Cgl 1

Ch DFFE g Eglh 17Tmh RK Eg Eglh D 1



Sectin Ntinai Resigne xce

rpr Egl Egl Dec 19

Dl NCHOLSN-SMT l Egl Dec 19

Muh KAY ec u e 99

Al EVALR ec Fe " 99

R H Ae A J 190

LWL Ac Ar J 190

Fr D 1[AU Frec 90

Prck CHEL rec rec 90

l PN l pg 90

l Veezu prg 190

Pl SVO Il r 90

Rl VN Bl Blg N 190

HOLIK Ac Aerc ScsiDc 19

y EAA Aec Dc ScssD< 9

SBNI Fre Fr D 190R VNT Fre Frec Fb 1 9 1

R I Frec Frc p 1 1

I CCl�LOV N ec Fr Mbr r

u EB h hJpp Vcr J c Drc SNGN Il Il

hee wee a /a o0 vul

1 9 e c4S cl

Pudm:Gle N r TLV

Gee LLE r Aer r h rg)

1 33



o von eef euo coml

Debd Hfms veu de Sd

"OS WO AALF A ROLUOOY DG ROW GRAS: SUAOSSSC 99

hristph Ga

My 968 d Fne o e vege fnhy. . A amphere t lw

P d hune o ftoe ouped

ne hne a y Ae ie iame ae the g Marn Lute

King. Ge d Egih iveie

upie . Hippie getto dietly lhing

wi te polie te. The ueexhiaan ee of ow y people felt

he e wy The ew wold ong to

fo Te ot get de in te

tee. Tody notig Te Utoi ige

ded o the tee Jt he edle

tf he lk eye tt p you y the

nghmaih juk wee ll dyg fo

veyoe ee to hve eteed ito

theelve ino loed ot gop. The

evoiony eiteet t ie he xie ea, he onteltue a a joke No

oe ggo no oe lughte o oe

ream o tk ife ay i lke tlkig

of pe i e oe nge e thee wee huan a ha

f pepe here Wha ha happene a?

The P My Dy wee te ed fo

the 51. On te one hnd the polie tte

peue o te Fe left fte My de

y ovet tion vily udl O the

oe e 51 ee t ould thk

wy eyod the de, ny eeved e

ltul olde t hd lwy deded t

eteed the eve of the petle y teu of te ek nd t w t. Te

topee n ne te My w oe of

tte dene oupled ith opete

potene d uaiim w he peecideogica epein hi aih 51 eae am, an i uh u in a i ee: a a heeiaiqe ie h ay grap e

rea prem of wht to o out it. h e done? eed Kor d

D mon viux.

The ovee dnteged. The t

py of the gze e o in lte 96

he oly gnn tet to eege i fu

ea i La Ver/abl Scso dan

l'two ( 92) y Deod d

gett loed d egly

peae ttept o oe to gp wt tdet tttde o pive d

lfele wohi o evoioy iea, ig ie n the vtl iue of

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Redscovering povety caot besepaated fo eiscoverig what W

realy eans. Th 5 rdsco\erd e vasipoance of vsionary poitics, of tepa an - ad icud at, in allis posive aspects in is tadtion Popltoday wll neve break ot of teir sass forte sake o a io earageent heehave bee oo any aleay. Oly te hopeof a otal change will iflae anyboy. ote hell s goig to eet teseves to geanother froe chic, aote pokeyroo the posi[ities of lving in oe'sown catheal

a was basicaly wog wt the 51was that i focsed exclusvey on anintellectua cie of sociy here was ococer whatsoeve with eithe e eoionso e body. The 5 thoght that yo jst

ad to sow ow the ghta worked adveyon would wak p Tei ust wasor the peect orua te agic ca thatwold dispee he evi spel is pursuit ohe pefect intellecua fola eainevitably that sitatioist g we basedo a eachy of ntellectal abliy andhs o discpes ad follow, o fars andxiitonis e whole political hor tpAfter their ia period cratity apafo its intellecta ors, wa denie

expessio and in is lies te asicsabiliy ad steriity of their ownogansatios

th las aalyis y ade the saestae as all efng intellecuals e a eyone ese i tikhe poor workes d kow what's goingo they need soeoe to el e. tpeople in streets te oces andactores kow dan wll what's gog on,eve i ey can't write essays aout all ts

theoetical aications e on s ae ca ' o ann aou . hat eedsudetanding is e sae of paralyiseveryone is i Certainly all condioigcoes o socety t is achored n thebody and id o ach divdal, and tisis w st b dissolvd Utiatly tepob s a emna, no a itlecualone Al he aalyses of iicatio in tewold wot case a erosis to dge ainc. Certaily a assive popagadacapaign o publicise te possibiity of arvoution, of a total transoration o ewold, is vitaly poa - u it wi prove

totally iefectiv if i isn' siulaneos withe rea o mas ea.

ook ater so any, any pages ltstry ad e ones st for a oent. feevery fcked up ysef, ad I now its yresposibiity Yet weeve I go ot o thestets y being sohow reels backappalled se terle faces, teseachies hy are e kow ytsoeow hat's not y faul veryoes ifis a swich bewee cagig oneself andcangig e world rely they stsoeow b te sae tig and a dynaicaace is possibe I tnk e I ad tisfor a wil, ad lat tey ost it wa tofind it agai tat uckenig in oeself andin oter, tat sdden happiness ad eautyt cold connect could coe togetersycoaalysis ad rotskyists are both silly

old en to te chil eal i is elsewher

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20424-Leaving the Twentieth Century