DOSA3D system

Dose expression & dose adjustment

in the EU-Southern Zone

Santiago PlanasGeneralitat de Catalunya, University of Lleida

EPPO - Panel on Efficacy Evaluation of Fungicides and Insecticides

Barcelona, 2017-11-28

AgVance

Pharmaceuticals: dose adapted to the body weight of the person

15 kg

child

100 kg

worker

55 kg

lady - teacher

Dose in humans

EPPO Workshop – Vienna, 18-20 Oct 2016

For the zonal evaluation of PPP, Leaf Wall Area (LWA) was

agreed as an appropriate dose expression in

pome fruit, grapevine and high growing vegetables

�����2/� � 2 * h * 10000 / r

h h

r

h

7

Area (Mha) - source: Eurostat (2103), Idescat (2016)

EU-28 EU South España Catalunya

Utilized Agricultural Area (UAA) 175.35 76.89 23.30 1.15

3D Crop Land (3DCL) 9.51 8.70 (92%) 4.26 (49%) 0.27

Ratio 3DCL/UAA (%) 5% 11% 18% 23%

8

0E+00

2E+06

4E+06

6E+06

ES IT EL FR PT RO PL DE HU BG AT HR CZ CY SI NL SK BE UK

Olive (2012)

Citrus (2012)

Almonds (2015)

Grapes (2013)

Deciduous fruits (2012)

Production area for EU Member States (ha)

source: EUROSTAT - Extracted on: 2016-10-08

SZ

SZ SZ

Var. Golden June 2015 ES-Castellserà (Lleida)

June 2016 ES-Montoliu de Lleida

Peaches – paraguayo ES-Sunyer (2016)

Grapes var. Parellada , Santes Creus - DO Penedès

Var. Albariño, June 2016 ES-Raïmat - DO Costers del Segre

Almonds, May 2016 ES-Alcanó (Lleida)

Var. Arbequina, May 2016 ES-Torres de Segre – DOP Garrigues

21

Citrus, August 2016 ES-Tortosa

3.0 m

Globular shaped near hedgerow

Hazelnuts, August 2016 ES-Puigpelat

4.0 m

Hazelnut

picture

22

Citrus, May 2017 ES-Tortosa

Almonds, May 2016 ES-Sunyer Olives, August 2016 ES-Tortosa

Orchards with isolated trees (traditional)

Almonds, May 2016 ES-Sunyer Olives, August 2016 ES-Tortosa

Orchards with isolated trees (traditional)

July 2011 ES-Lleida

1.8 m

Extreme differences on training systems & cropping practices within crops

Do they be protected with the identical amount of pesticide?

October 2016 ES-Alpicat

0.8 m

July 2015 ES-Lleida

1.0 m

July 2011 ES-Lleida

2.0 m

1.8 m1.8 m0.9 m

Extreme differences on training systems within crops

Should they be protected with the identical amount of pesticide?

4.0 m between rows

1.1 m

July 2015 ES

0.7 m

July 2015 ES-Raïmat

30

Differences on training & pruning practices within crops

Should these vineyards be protected with the identical amount of pesticide?

September 2016 ES-Priorat

0.4 m

2.7 – 3.0 m between rows

31

Extreme differences through growing stages

Peach, from March to October 2016 ES-Sunyer

03 04

10

32

Types of sprayers used in 3D crops (examples )

33

Grapes, April 2016 ES-Raïmat

20150420 ES-Raïmat DO Costers del Segre20150420 ES-Raïmat DO Costers del Segre

36

July 2017 ES-Avinyonet del Penedés

38

Olive trees 1999 ES-Lleida

39

Citrus 2013 ES-Roquetes

40

Citrus 2014 ES-Tortosa

Almonds, May 2016 ES-Sunyer Olives, August 2016 ES-Tortosa

Orchards with isolated trees (traditional)

42

Different types of sprayers used on registration trials (examples )

43

44

0.000

0.001

0.001

0.002

0.002

0.003

0.003

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700

std freq

leaf deposition (ng/dm2) / (g/ha))

Pear var. Conference (hedgerow) - early stage (n=154)

800 L/ha (1.0 g/L)

800 g/ha (metal ++)

46

HARDI - IRIS MAKATO HARDI - MULTIOUTLET

BBCH 30 -40 BBCH 70 -80

Leaf deposition early & full leaf stages

47

Volume rate: 800 L ha-1

PULVEXACT Project (2002-06)

Leaf deposition for early & full leaf stages

150

200

250

300

Early stage Full stage

(ng

/cm

2)

/(g

/ha

)

Blanquilla Conference Golden

0.0

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

300.0

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 Canopy depth (m)

(ng/dm2) / (g/ha)

vine

apple

pear

citrus

EU-FP3 CT-1304 Project AIR (1994-97)SRI

Penetrability

leaf deposition vs. depth

OPTIDOSA Project (2007-10)

Real LAI measuring & crop parameters correlation

Picking-up

leaves to measure

leaf area index (LAI)

Pear (n=17)

Apple (n=18)

Peach (n=1)

Grapevine (n=19)

60

R² = 0.48

0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.00

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

LAI measured

LWA

Fruit & grapevines (n=55)

LWA

OPTIDOSA Project (2007-10)

h

Leaf Wall Area (LWA)

Canopy solid housing (CSH) hz = h * (100- % gaps)

),,( porositywidthheightfLAI =

90 % gaps

33 % gaps16 % gaps

h

hz

64

R² = 0.86

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0

(DO

SA

3D

)

Ca

no

py

so

lid

ha

usi

ng

LAI measured

Fruit & grapevines (n=55)

OPTIDOSA Project (2007-10)

R2

LWA 0.48

CSH 0.86*w

h

Canopy solid housing (CSH)

( )( )( )spacingrow

widthcanopyporosityheightcanopyLAI

_

6,1_21_ ×+×−×=

65

( )( )( )spacingrow

widthcanopyporosityheightcanopyLAI

_

6,1_21_ ×+×−×=

Summary

• Cropping structures in SZ: extreme differences

• Spraying equipment & penetrability

• Principles for dose expression and dose adjustment

• DOSA3D system

• Conclusions & proposal

66

Canopies structure

Pest with additional volume

requirements (R)

Sprayer & nozzles performance

Action of adjuvants (Co)

Efficiency (E) = 40 ÷ 80% Efficiency (E) = 40 ÷ 80%

� � �� [100 × �; �120 × ���/�]

Standard dose

DOSAFRUT

Reference (untreated)

Standard dose

ADJUSTED DOSE

Reference (untreated)

DOSAFRUT validation trials (2009 -2016)

Bioefficacy (27) & chemical residues on fruits (7)

DOSAFRUT validation trials (2009 -2016)

Bioefficacy (27) & chemical residues on fruits (7)

300

350

400

450

500

550

600

650

700

750

800

850

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

Apr-11 Apr-21 May-01 May-11 May-21 May-31 Jun-10 Jun-20

L ha-1LAI

Date

LAI V adjusted

Ex.: Spray applications (7) during the growing

season(pear orchard, cv. Williams)

early medium full leaf

750 L ha-1

600 L ha-1

500 L ha-1

Var. Arbequina, May 2016 ES-Torres de Segre – DOP Garrigues

Olive - hedgerow shaped

77

Citrus, May 2017 ES-Tortosa

Citrus - Globular shaped near hedgerow

Olives, August 2016 ES-Tortosa

Orchards with isolated trees (traditional)

79

� � ��� � Trees canopy volume (m3 ha-1) * f

• Canopies density

• Pest or disease to be treated

Concentration (%)

(kg/L)

DOSA3D

(L ha-1)

Conversion between models of dose expression

Liquid volume rate (L ha-1)

Crop factor (CF)

• BBCH / LAI / Leafiness (m2/m3)

Sprayer factor (SF)

• Efficiency

Row spacing (m) / 2 * Canopy height (m)

2 / Canopy width(m)

80

Canopy height (m) * Canopy width (m) / Row spacing rows (m)

Leaf Wall Area (LWA)

(kg ha-1) / (104 m2 LWA ha-1)

Tree Row Volume (TRV)

(kg ha-1) / (m3 ha-1)

Ground dose

(kg ha-1)

Experts

Focus grup – fruit & grapes

• Antonio Dolset (DARP-SSV), Ferran Camp (DARP-CMA), Montse Navarro (ADV), Rosa Bisa

(ADV), Carla Roman (GRAP-UdL), Jaume Torres (consultor), Ricardo Sanz (GRAP-UdL),

Joan Ramon Rosell (GRAP-UdL), Pere Masana (Agricolum), Francesc Masana (Agricolum),

Joan Esteve (Codorníu SA), Santiago Planas (DARP-SSV/GRAP-UdL), Sònia Torguet (ADV),

Maria Torné (AEPLA/DOW AS), Pere Masana (Agricolum), Francesc Masana (Agricolum).

Focus grup – citrus

• Anna Martínez (ADV Cítrics Terres Ebre), Secundino Barberà (ADV Viveros Alcanar),

Angel Roda (ADV Soldebre), Dídac Royo (ADV Coop. Exp. Alcanar), Joan Porta (DARP-

SSV), Sònia Ferrer (DARP-SSV), Santiago Planas (DARP-SSV/GRAP-UdL), J Miquel Fibla

(IRTA), M Teresa Martínez (IRTA), J Miquel Campos (IRTA).

Focus grup – olive trees

• Angel Roda (ADV Soldebre), Joan Gisbert (ADV Soldebre), Juanjo Duatis (ADV per al

control de la mosca de l’oliva al Baix Ebre i el Montsià), Enric Pedret (ADV per al control

de la mosca de l’oliva al Baix Ebre i el Montsià), Joan Porta (DARP-SSV), Sònia Ferrer

(DARP-SSV), Santiago Planas (DARP-SSV/GRAP-UdL).

Thanks!!!

85

This work was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and

Competitiveness through the project AgVANCE (AGL2013-48297-C2-2-R)