1D William Wong

8/6/2019 1D William Wong

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Integrated Building Environmental Design

Beijing Parkview Green

10 Ma y 2008



Developer : Beijing Chyau Fwu Properties Co., Ltd.

Architect : Integrated Design Associates

Engineering Consultant : Ove Arup & Partners Hong Kong Ltd.



ForbiddenCity

Location: Beijing, China

No. building: 4 buildings enclosed by a Microclimate EnvelopeBuilding usage: Class-A office, retail, hotel, restaurant and carpark

Floor area: 200,000 m²

Building height: 87m

No. of storey:

• 3-storey basement carpark

• 4-storey retail floor

• 7~10-storey office floor

• 6-story hotel

Latitude = 39.93N

Longitude = 116.28EElevation = 55m

Building Information

DevelopmentSite

Site



• New paradigm of sustainable building in China

• Sustainable & environmentally-friendly design to the neighbourhood, the coveredcommon spaces and the occupied areas in buildings

• Low natural resources consumption and energy efficient buildings• Minimal social and environmental impact to surrounding building occupants

• Cost effective and low O&M cost green technologies

• Maximize use of hybrid ventilation

• Low environmental impact

• Good indoor environmental quality

• Safe, healthy and liveable space

Design Objectives

Resources Use

Site Amenities SiteImpacts

NeighbourhoodAmenities

NeighbourhoodImpacts

Loadings

BUILDING

IEQ

BuildingAmenities

OPEN SPACE

Resources Use

Site Amenities SiteImpacts

NeighbourhoodAmenities

NeighbourhoodImpacts

Loadings

BUILDING

IEQ

BuildingAmenities

OPEN SPACE



Beijing Climatic Data – Outdoor Temperature & HumidityWeather Condition in Beijing

-20.00

-10.00

0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

Jan Feb M ar A pr M ay Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Month

D r y - b u

l b T e m p e r a t u r e

M ean M in M ax

Weather Condition in Beijing

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

Jan Feb M ar Apr M ay Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Month

R e l a t i v e

H u m

i d i t y ( % )

• Annual Average Outdoor Temp. 11.7 oC

• Average Outdoor Temp. of the HottestMonth (July) 25.9 oC

• Average Outdoor Temp. of the ColdestMonth (Jan) -4.8 oC

• When outside critical illuminance is 5,000 lx,available time of daylight is about 3,900hours

• Maximum altitude in summer is 73.7 °

• RH 40%-80%



Beijing Wind Rose

0

5

10

15

N

N N E

NE

EN E

E

ES E

S E

S S E

S

S S W

S W

WS W

W

WN W

N W

NN W

Winter

Summer

Spring

Autumn

Summer prevailing wind: SW

Winter prevailing wind: N, NNW

SW (10%)NNW (13%)N (13%)

-Frequency ofOccurrence

1.92.82.5AverageWind Speed

SummerWinterAnnual

Outdoor Air Speed (m/s)

Beijing Climatic Data - Wind

• Located on the fringe of the loess belt

• Sandy and dusty weather originatedin Inner Mongolia, Gansu and theNingxia Hui Autonomous Region willaffect the region in spring season.



Architectural Deign



Massing



Architectural Design

4 buildings enclosed byMicroclimate Envelope

Block A

Block CBlock B

Block D

Atrium spaceamongst buildings

Retail

Offices

Hotel



3

5

7

9

1113

18

6789

6

4







1

1.7

76

26

Planning Parameters

26 0 Roof angle

Height Limit

Building Separation120,000m 2

26% External Green Area40% Internal Green Area

Environmental consideration informsBuilding Shape

25,000m 2

55,000m 2



Daylight Analysis

0700 0900 1200 1400 1700



N o r t h

NaturalVent Intake

NaturalVent Intake

Mech VentIntake

Mech VentIntake

Sunken Level 2 - Layout

Beijing Wind Rose

0

5

10

15N

NNE

NE

ENE

E

ES E

SE

SS E

S

SS W

SW

WSW

W

WNW

NW

NN W

Winter

Summer

Spring

Autumn



Sunken Level 2(retail portion)

L1 (Street level)

L3 (officeportion)

L9 (low blocktop floor)

L13 (hotelportion)

L18 (high blocktop floor)

exhaust

intakeintake

exhaust

intake



Fabric Construction of Microclimate Envelope









Hybrid Ventilation Design inAtrium Area







Natural Ventilation – windy condition



Natural Ventilation – windless condition



Office Floors – Air-conditioning OperatingRetail Floors – Air-conditioning Operating

Atrium – Hybrid Ventilation Operating

Exhaust VentOpened

Exhaust VentOpened

Ground Floor InletVent Opened

Summer SeasonMicroclimatic Envelope Design

With Additional SystemAtrium Thermal ComfortTemperature 29 ° C- 31 ° C(0.5m/s-1.0m/s)

Reduction of Solar RadiationA/C energy consumption: -13%

Envelope Inlet Partially VentOpened Reduce infiltrated air and assist exhaust air vent

Envelope Exhaust Vent OpenedVent out stratified hot air

Summer outdoor temp: 35° C

Atrium groundleveltemp.:36.7° C

Max. Temp at lowblock top level:

37.7° C

Max. Temp at highblock top level:

40.5° C





Energy Saving for HVAC System

Function of microclimate envelope – reduce system energy consumption

Office = 800 MWh

Hotel = 70 MWh

Retail = 280 MWh

Office = 8000 MWhHotel = 470 MWh

Retail = 2700 MWh

Office = 1700 MWh

Hotel = 470 MWh

Retail = 3300 MWh

System cooling / heatingload (with microclimate

envelope)

Office = 4000 MWh

Hotel = 340 MWh

Retail = 1400 MWh

Office = 9100 MWhHotel = 540 MWh

Retail = 3300 MWh

Office = 10300 MWh

Hotel = 530 MWh

Retail = 4100 MWh

System cooling / heatingload (without microclimate

envelope)

13%(cooling/heating)

Summer

80%(heating)

Winter

63%(cooling)

Spring &Autumn

Total ACenergy

saving







Innovative HVAC Design



Load Estimation

• Dynamic thermal analysis

• 3D model separated in different zones

• Heat transfer between building and the surroundings

• Consider solar heat gain, fabric gain, convective heat gain, internal load

Perimeter Zone

Interior Zone



Hybrid Ventilation System in Office

Control point foroffice AC system

Chilled Ceiling &Underfloor AirSupply Systemin Office



Hybrid ventilation system will be adopted on office floors. Hybridventilation system consists of 3 individual operating modes:

• Air Conditioning Mode

• Natural Ventilation Mode• Free Cooling Mode

Hybrid Ventilation Modes

• Provide pleasant internal temperature level

• Protect against summer overheating, reflectioneffects and draughts

• Eliminating “cold wall” effects and ingress ofcold breeze in winter

• Reduce energy use for heating and cooling• Encourage use of semi-outdoor space









AIRFLOW DIAGRAM (TYPICAL OFFICE FLOOR) - NATURAL VENTILATION MODE

LEGEND

EXHAUST / RETURN AIRDAMPER IN OPEN POSITION

FRESH AIR FLOWPATH

VOID FOR AIR EXHAUST

EXHAUST / RETURN AIRFLOWPATH

VOID FOR AIR INTAKE

WINDOWIN OPEN POSITION

WINDOW IN CLOSE POSITION

EXHAUST / RETURN AIRDAMPER IN CLOSE POSITION

NATURALLY VENTILATED OFFICE SPACE

N A T U R A L L Y V E N T I L A T E D O F F I C E

S P A C E

N A T

U R A L L Y V E N T I L A T E D

O F F I C E

S P A

C E




N A T U R A L L Y V E N T I L A T E D O F F I C E S P A C E

N A T U R A L L Y V E N T I L A T E D O F F I C E S P A C E

AREA WITHOUTPARTITION WALL

Office Ventilation DesignNatural Ventilation Mode



AIRFLOW DIAGRAM ( TYPICAL OFFI CE FLOOR) - PARTIAL A/C & NV MODE

AHU

AHU AHU

A H U A

H U

A H U

A I R C O N D I T I O N E D

O F F I C E S P A C E


AIR CONDITIONEDOFFICE SPACE N

A T


O F F I C E

S P A

C E

NATURALLY VENTILATEDOFFICE SPACE

NATURALLY VENTILATEDOFFICE SPACE

NATURALLY VENTILATEDOFFICE SPACE AIR CONDITIONED OFFICE SPACE



AIR CONDITIONED OFFICE SPACE

N A T


O F F I C E

S P A

C E

N A T


O F F I C E

S P A

C E

N A T U R A L L Y V E N T I L A T E D


N A T U R A L L Y V E N T I L A T E D




A I R

C O N D I T I O N E D

O F F I C E

S P A

C E

AIR CONDITIONED

OFFICE SPACE



LEGEND

WINDOWIN OPENPOSITION

WINDOWIN CLOSE POSITION

EXHAUST / RETURNAIRDAMPER IN CLOSE POSITION

VOID FOR AIREXHAUST

EXHAUST / RETURNAIRFLOWPATH

VOID FOR AIRINTAKE

EXHAUST / RETURNAIRDAMPER IN OPEN POSITION

FRESH AIR FLOWPATH

PARTITIONWALLAREA WITHOUT

Office Ventilation DesignAir Conditioning Mode



Low Block Natural Ventilation Exhaust

Low Block Free Cooling Intake & Exhaust

Office Ventilation DesignFree Cooling Mode







Other Building ServicesDesign Considerations

Fire Engineering – Evacuation Modelling



Fire Engineering Evacuation Modelling









Interior Fitting-out Mock Up



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1D William Wong