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Dr. Nihad Almughany

University of PalestineFaculty of Applied Engineering and Urban Planning

Dept. of Architecture2nd Semester 2009 -2010

Introduction to Interior Design ( EAGD 3217 )

Lecture 9

Lighting

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CONTENTS

1- AIMS.

2- REVIEW OF LAST LECTURE ( Colors – part B ).

3- Lighting.

4- Effects of Lighting.

5- Types of Lighting.A- According to source.

B- According to direction and availability.

6- Application of Lighting.

7- Design and Application Criteria.

8- CONCLUSION.

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1 -AIMS

• This lecture aims to:– Review of the last lecture ( Colors – part B).– Introductory knowledge for lighting in interior

spaces.– Highlight different aspects related to both natural

and artificial lighting and their application in interior spaces.

– Introduction to types of lighting and lighting units.

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2 -REVIEW OF THE LAST LECTURE

-COLOR PSYCHOLOGY.- MEANING AND USE OF COLORS :

A- RedB - Blue C – YellowD- OrangeE- GreenF- White

- GENERAL NOTES FOR USING COLORS IN INTERIOR DESIGN.

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3 -Lighting:

Light is integrated with eye seeing. The eye is a superior tool through which we see the surroundings . For seeing , the eye depends on light and its relation with area, volume, color and texture .

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4 -Effects of Lighting

Good & Appropriate

Lighting

Setting up psychological

and healthy frame

Protect eye from stress

Forbid incidents and accidents

Increase ability to work

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5 -Types of Lighting : A- According to source:

• 1 - NATURAL LIGHTING : The light comes from the nature ( sun ) and enters interior spaces through :– Windows – Curtain walls– Doors– Glass blocks– Sky lights

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5 -Types of Lighting : A- According to source ( cont.)• 2- ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING : • Because of change in natural lighting by time

through the day and seasons, artificial lighting is a constant source of lighting . The artificial lighting units are varied and their use depends on the spaces characteristics and function .

• Some of the artificial lighting units are as follows :

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• Chandeliers

• Wall scones

Floor lamps

• Hanging lamps (pendants)

• Ceiling mount light

• Table lamps

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• Desk lamps

• In-grade well lights

• Picture light

• Ceiling spots

• Signage lighting

• Bathroom lighting

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5 -Types of Lighting :B- According to Direction and availability:

• General Lighting : lights the space and provides the general light for the interior space.

• Centralized Lighting : on working centers.

• Directed ( oriented ) Lighting : to highlight special spots , furniture or artistic works .

• Indirect lighting : Looks like natural lighting.

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6 -Application of Lighting:

• BED ROOMS : Lighting unit in the centre of ceiling for general lighting – centralized lighting in the reading corner if it is there, the sides of bed and the mirror.

• BATHROOMS : General lighting in the ceiling – centralized lighting near the bathtub and around the lavoratory mirror (without any reflections on the eye).

• CORRIDORS: sufficient and direct lighting

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6 -Application of Lighting ( cont.):• KITCHENS : General lighting in the ceiling-

direct and centralized lighting on worktops, table, cook and sink . Importance to have natural lighting .

• DINING ROOMS: General lighting directly on dining table – indirect lighting on sides – internal lighting in show closets.

• LIVING ROOMS: Indirect and directed up lighting in ceilings or walls . ( In case of general lighting, it could be reduced when watching TV ).

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6 -Application of Lighting ( cont.):

• OFFICES: General lighting directed down- side direct lighting source . ( review Mies Van Del Rohe theory ).

• ARTISTIC PIECES: Valuable artistic pieces are not laid in front of direct natural or artificial light to avoid reflections and decay – directed lighting is usually used.

• SPECIAL LIGHTING: For museums, hospitals, restaurants, schools, libraries, clubs ….. etc.

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7 -Design and Application Criteria:

• The availability of illumination for each space (Lux ) according to standards.

• Each surface should have the same lighting degree to avoid confusion.

• Avoid strong difference (contrast ) between lighted and unlighted spaces.

• Easy accessibility to lighting units and lighting switches.

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7 -Design and Application Criteria (cont.):

• Lighting could be used to define spaces, like orient special lighting on a space it defines and distinguishes it from the surrounding .

• Consider the characteristics of the space before choosing lighting:– In long depth corridors and spaces , side

lighting gives the feeling of the shortness of the length.

– In short depth and small spaces , the use of lighting in the middle of front wall gives the feeling that the space is longer.

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7 -Design and Application Criteria (cont.):

– In low ceiling levels, the use of up- directed lighting cone ( head is down and base is up ) gives the feeling that the ceiling is higher .

– In High ceilings, the use of hanged and down- directed lighting gives the feeling that the ceiling is lower.

– Decrease the depth of a space by directing the lighting on this depth.

– Highlight furniture or valuable artistic and decoration pieces by orienting lighting on.

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7 -Design and Application Criteria (cont.):

• Passing light from room to room inside the house reduces heating, cooling and artificial lighting costs - and creates a more pleasant, natural living environment.

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8 -CONCLUSION- Light is integrated with eye seeing. For seeing , the eye

depends on light and its relation with area, volume, color and texture .

• Appropriate lighting helps in setting up psychological and healthy frame, protects the eye from stress, decreases the opportunity of accidents and increase ability to work.

• Lighting could be classified either according to source ( natural and artificial ) or according to the direction and availability ( general, centralized, directed and indirect ).

• Lighting units are applied in interior spaces depending on the use of space, therefore, they differ from a space to another in terms of location, illumination and orientation.

• Lighting could be applied in interior spaces to solve some architectural problems in spaces.