1111

Treatment and Treatment and management of stress management of stress

conditionsconditions

Prepared by

Mr/ mutasem naser allah

2222

Form of treatment and Form of treatment and management of stress management of stress

conditionsconditions There are a bewildering variety of technique There are a bewildering variety of technique

used in combating the effect of stress .used in combating the effect of stress .

It is necessary to indicate the range of these It is necessary to indicate the range of these technique and to classify them so that the technique and to classify them so that the professional can use such technique in a professional can use such technique in a meaningful way meaningful way ..

The a available technique in stress The a available technique in stress management appear to fall in to the management appear to fall in to the following categories :-following categories :-

3333

1- Commonsense 1- Commonsense ––type methods of type methods of intervention.intervention.

2- Methods developed from clinical. 2- Methods developed from clinical. psychology.psychology.

3- Alternative technique in stress 3- Alternative technique in stress control .control .

4444

Commonsense Commonsense ––type methods type methods of intervention.of intervention.

A- the existence of good exercise program .A- the existence of good exercise program .B- maintain good nutrition .B- maintain good nutrition .C- having a definite purpose in life .C- having a definite purpose in life .D- meeting social and moral obligation .D- meeting social and moral obligation .E- developing adequate communicationE- developing adequate communication skills .skills .F- relieving boredom.F- relieving boredom.G- helping other worse off . G- helping other worse off .

5555

Methods developed from Methods developed from clinical clinical

psychologypsychology

A- progressive relaxation .A- progressive relaxation .

B- behavioural modification B- behavioural modification techniques.techniques.

C- cognitive technique . C- cognitive technique .

6666

A . Progressive relaxationA . Progressive relaxation

This technique was developed by This technique was developed by jacobsen in 1938 , and represent one jacobsen in 1938 , and represent one of the earliest stress- management of the earliest stress- management methods in the modern period . methods in the modern period .

The procedure involves The procedure involves tightening tightening and and relaxingrelaxing the various muscle the various muscle groups throught the body in a groups throught the body in a progressive manner . progressive manner .

7777

For example : starting with the facial For example : starting with the facial muscle and working downwards muscle and working downwards throughout the body.throughout the body.

whilst this method work perfect for a whilst this method work perfect for a number of people , other like to number of people , other like to combine the relaxation with a form of combine the relaxation with a form of pleasant visualised scene for example a pleasant visualised scene for example a sunny day by a quiet seaside sunny day by a quiet seaside

8888

B. B. Behavioral modification Behavioral modification techniquetechnique

It become the mainstay of stress It become the mainstay of stress ––mangement technique . amongst the mangement technique . amongst the many style of approach that can be many style of approach that can be conduct by using this technique .conduct by using this technique .

One of the favourites is the construction of One of the favourites is the construction of a stress hierarchy by the client .a stress hierarchy by the client .

The task is to list in order of rising concern The task is to list in order of rising concern the degree of stress felt with each step in the degree of stress felt with each step in the perceived event the perceived event

9999

For example : the client may be asked to For example : the client may be asked to list the stresses felt in coping with a public list the stresses felt in coping with a public speaking engagement .speaking engagement .

This may commence with the anticipation This may commence with the anticipation of the engagement and followed through in of the engagement and followed through in sequence until the speech is finished .sequence until the speech is finished .

Seeing the steps in imagination can be Seeing the steps in imagination can be used in therapy .used in therapy .

This approach is usually combined with This approach is usually combined with progressive relaxation . So client can progressive relaxation . So client can master stressful event in imagination at master stressful event in imagination at least .least .

10101010

C. Cognitive techniqueC. Cognitive technique

Montgomery (1989) provide a Montgomery (1989) provide a detailed approach to this detailed approach to this technique by initially establishing technique by initially establishing basic beliefs that are irrational basic beliefs that are irrational and then opposing these by and then opposing these by rational ones :-rational ones :-

1111/ /١٤٤٤ ١٠ ١/ /١٤٤٤ ١٠ ١ 19:3119:31 1111

1212/ /١٤٤٤ ١٠ ١/ /١٤٤٤ ١٠ ١ 19:3119:31 1212

1313/ /١٤٤٤ ١٠ ١/ /١٤٤٤ ١٠ ١ 19:3119:31 1313

14141414

Montgomery methodMontgomery method

In Montgomery method the individual with In Montgomery method the individual with the stress problem is invited to identify the stress problem is invited to identify which of the irrational beliefs she/he is which of the irrational beliefs she/he is subconsciously associating with when subconsciously associating with when dealing with any particular problem .dealing with any particular problem .

The therapeutic approach is to apply a rational thinking substitute for the irrational proposition that is emotionally concerning the client .

1515

Alternative technique in stress Alternative technique in stress controlcontrol

The use of guided imagery, various form of concentrative mediation , yoga and other form of breath control have been utilized to help client to control stress .

clark 1988 has identified three form of guided imagery in therapeutic use :-

16161616

Alternative technique in stress Alternative technique in stress controlcontrol

Receptive Receptive : this form is to assist the : this form is to assist the client to become more aware of the client to become more aware of the cause of bodily and psychological cause of bodily and psychological discomfort .discomfort .

Healing Healing : this to relieve the effect of : this to relieve the effect of perceived stresses and to enhance perceived stresses and to enhance general wellbeing .general wellbeing .

Problem solvingProblem solving : this is to enhance the : this is to enhance the minds capacity to generate solutions . minds capacity to generate solutions .

17171717

Prevent , Reduce, and Cope Prevent , Reduce, and Cope with Stresswith Stress

Managing stress is all about taking charge: Managing stress is all about taking charge: taking charge of your thoughts, your taking charge of your thoughts, your emotions, your schedule, your environment, emotions, your schedule, your environment, and the way you deal with problems.and the way you deal with problems.

The ultimate goal is a balanced life, with The ultimate goal is a balanced life, with time for work, relationships, relaxation, and time for work, relationships, relaxation, and fun – plus the resilience to hold up under fun – plus the resilience to hold up under pressure and meet challenges head on.pressure and meet challenges head on.

1818

Unhealthy ways of coping with stress

These coping strategies may temporarily reduce stress, but they cause more damage in the long run:

Smoking . Drinking too much. Overeating or under eating. Zoning out for hours in front of the TV or

computer .

1919

cont

Withdrawing from friends, family, and activities

Using pills or drugs to relax       Sleeping too much Procrastinating Filling up every minute of the day to avoid

facing problems Taking out your stress on others (lashing

out, angry outbursts, physical violence

2020

Learning healthier ways to manage stress

Dealing with Stressful Situations: The Four A’s :-

Change the situation: Avoid the stressor. Alter the stressor Change your reaction: Adapt to the stressor. Accept the stressor.

2121

The six stress management strategy

1. Avoid unnecessary stress .2. Alter the situation .3. Adapt to the stressor .4. Accept the things you can’t change . 5. Make time for fun and relaxation. 6. Adopt a healthy lifestyle.

2222

Avoid unnecessary stress

Learn how to say “no Avoid people who stress you out Take control of your environment Avoid hot-button topics Pare down your to-do list

2323

Alter the situation

Express your feelings instead of bottling them up

Be willing to compromise Be more assertive Manage your time better

2424

Adapt to the stressor.

Reframe problems Look at the big picture

Adjust your standards

Focus on the positive

2525

Accept the things you can’t change

Don’t try to control the uncontrollable

Look for the upside

Share your feelings

Learn to forgive

2626

Make time for fun and relaxation

Set aside relaxation time.

Connect with others.

Do something you enjoy every day .

Keep your sense of humor .

2727

. Healthy ways to relax and

recharge

you can reduce stress in your life by nurturing yourself.

Go for a walk. Spend time in nature. Call a good friend. Sweat out tension with a good workout. Write in your journal. Take a long bath. Light scented candles .

2828

Cont..

Savor a warm cup of coffee or tea. Play with a pet. Work in your garden. Get a massage. Curl up with a good book. Listen to music. Watch a comedy

2929

Adopt a healthy lifestyle

Exercise regularly

Eat a healthy diet

Reduce caffeine and sugar

Avoid alcohol, cigarettes, and drugs

Get enough sleep.

3030

Preventing stress 

Deep breathing:-

If you feel yourself getting stressed, try to halt those feelings in their tracks by relaxing your muscles and taking deep breaths. Start by inhaling for three seconds, then exhale for a little longer. This will help to remove the older oxygen from your lungs and replace it with fresh oxygen that will improve your circulation and alertness.

3131

Preventing stress 

Healthy eating :- It is important to eat a healthy, balanced

diet when you are stressed because food and drink can have am big impact on the way that you feel and act.

Drinking too much caffeine - found in tea, coffee and cola drinks - can leave you feeling anxious, irritable and restless. Try to drink more caffeine-free varieties, or water instead. Ideally, you should drink between 6-8 glasses of water a day.

3232

Preventing stress  A balanced diet consists of food from the five main

food groups. These are; protein (from food like meat, fish, cheese, tofu, eggs

and nuts), carbohydrates (from bread, pasta, rice and

potatoes), dairy (from cheese, milk and yoghurts), fruit and vegetables (aim for five portions a day),

and fats and sugars (from oils and sweet food).

3333

Preventing stress 

Quit smoking :-

Contrary to popular belief, smoking does not help to combat stress. In fact, it can make stress worse and it causes damage to your body.

3434

Preventing stress 

Exercise The benefits of exercise are numerous.

Not only does it release a chemical called serotonin, which makes you feel happier and less stressed, it also improves circulation and prevents conditions such as stroke and heart attack. Exercise also allows you to take out your frustration and anger in a constructive way.

You should aim to do a minimum 30 minutes of exercise five times a week

3535

Treatment with medication

If stress is causing you to feel anxious or depressed may prescribe medication to treat these conditions

sedatives, which help you to relax and calm you down,

antihistamines, which help to relax your brain,

certain types of antidepressants, and beta blockers.

3636

Thank you for your attention