11

MANAGING DISKS AND FILE SYSTEMS

Chapter 3

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 2

OVERVIEW

Monitor and configure disks Monitor, configure, and troubleshoot volumes Monitor and configure removable media, such as

tape devices Install, configure, and manage DVD and CD-ROM

devices Configure NTFS, FAT32, and FAT file systems Use disk optimization utilities: Disk Defragmenter,

Chkdsk, and Disk Cleanup

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 3

DISK MANAGEMENT

Types of storage

Setting up hard disks

Adding new disks

Managing disks on remote systems

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 4

BASIC VS. DYNAMIC STORAGE

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 5

PARTITIONING A BASIC DISK

Primary PartitionsPrimary Partitions Extended PartitionsExtended PartitionsFour primary partitions maximum or up to three if there is an extended partition.

A basic disk can contain only one extended partition.

Can be marked as the active partition, BIOS looks for the active partition to locate boot files to start the operating system (only one active partition per hard disk).

Can’t be marked as the active partition.

Can be formatted and assigned a drive letter.

Divided into logical drives, each of which can be formatted and assigned a drive letter.

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 6

VOLUMES ON A DYNAMIC DISK

Simple

Spanned

Striped

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 7

UPGRADING BASIC DISKS TO DYNAMIC DISKS

Basic Disk StructureBasic Disk Structure Extended PartitionsExtended PartitionsPrimary partition Simple volume

Extended partition Simple volume for each logical drive and any remaining unallocated space

Logical drive Simple volume

Volume set Spanned volume

Stripe set Striped volume

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 8

MANAGING STORAGE ON REMOTE SYSTEMS

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 9

REMOVABLE STORAGE MANAGEMENT

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 10

MEDIA POOLS

Free

Import

Unrecognized

Application-specific

http://www.microsoft.com/resources/documentation/windows/xp/all/proddocs/en-us/sag_rsmconcepts_3_2.mspx?mfr=true

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 11

MANAGING COMPRESSION

Compression methods:

Compressed folders

NTFS compression

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 12

COMPRESSED FOLDERS

Compatible with Zip compression programs

Can be stored on FAT volumes and removable media

Can be e-mailed

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 13

NTFS COMPRESSION

Managed by the NTFS file system

Automatically compresses and uncompresses files

Managed via compression attributes on files and folders

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 14

MOVING OR COPYING COMPRESSED FILES

Within an NTFS volume: Moved files retain their compression attribute. Copied files inherit the attribute of the target

folder.Between NTFS volumes: All files inherit the attribute of the target folder.To FAT or FAT32 partitions: Files are uncompressed. (FAT does not support

compression.)

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 15

ENCRYPTING FILE SYSTEM

Based on public key cryptography

256-bit Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) encryption

Incompatible with NTFS compression

Recovery agent can recover encrypted files

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 16

ENCRYPTING FILES

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 17

DECRYPTING FILES

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 18

COPYING OR MOVING ENCRYPTED FILES

Moving or copying a file into an encrypted folder encrypts it.

Moving or copying an encrypted file to an unencrypted folder does not decrypt it.

Copying or moving an encrypted file to another file system decrypts it. Moving or copying a file requires decryption

ability.

Files can be backed up in the encrypted state.

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 19

SHARING ENCRYPTED FILES

The owner of an encrypted file can add additional users.

Works with files only.

One file at a time can be shared.

EFS is administered via the Details dialog box under Advanced Attributes for the encrypted file.

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 20

SHARING ENCRYPTED FILES (CONTINUED)

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 21

RECOVERING ENCRYPTED FILES

The encrypted file must be recovered by the key used in the Recovery Agent.

If the recovery key certificate is lost, the file cannot be recovered.

The recovery agent’s certificate should be protected.

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 22

DISK QUOTAS

Per-user limits on data storage.

Limits the space per volume.

Space determination based on uncompressed file size.

Configured by default to all users.

Individual users can be excepted with an individual quota.

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 23

DISK DEFRAGMENTER

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 24

CHKDSK

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 25

DISK CLEANUP

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 26

SUMMARY

The Disk Management snap-in manages local and remote disks.

Use Disk Management to create volumes and format disks.

Basic disks contain partitions; dynamic disks use volumes.

NTFS compression and encryption are not compatible.

EFS encrypts data on NTFS volumes.

Chapter 3: Managing Disks and File Systems 27

SUMMARY (CONTINUED)

Protect the EFS recovery agent’s certificate to avoid losing files.

Use Disk Defragmenter, Chkdsk, and Disk Cleanup to optimize and repair disks.