100113-Gubar-Slides-OLAP Cubes and OBI EE

8/8/2019 100113-Gubar-Slides-OLAP Cubes and OBI EE

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Make Oracle BI EE Smarter and Faster with Oracle OLAPCubes

Marty GubarOracle BI/DW Product Management


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Agenda

Introduction

OLAP Calculations

Value of dimensional metadata

Solution scales with calculation complexity

Accessing calculations thru SQL

Creating Oracle Business Intelligence EE metadata

Analyzing OLAP cubes thru OBIEE Answers


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Oracle OLAP 11gIntroduction

Improve the delivery of information rich queries bySQL-based business intelligence tools andapplications

Simple definition of analytic calculations

Simple access to analytic calculations

Fast performance

Leverage existing Oracle Database expertise


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Oracle Database 11gThe Optimal Information Platform

Cohesive, integrated databaseplatform

Secure, highly available,scalable and manageable

Rich analytic platform


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Oracle Database MetadataTable Relationships

SALES FACT

TIME

INVENTORY

REGION

CUST

ITEM


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Column RelationshipsNot Captured in Tables Metadata

SALES FACT

TIME

INVENTORY

REGION

CUST

ITEM

ITEM

item_key type_key cat_key


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Value of Dimensional MetadataDimensions Formalize Data Relationships

Product

Geography

Time

SALES FACT

TIME

INVENTORY

REGION

CUST

ITEM


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Product

Geography

Time

SALES FACT

TIME

INVENTORY

REGION

CUST

ITEM

ProductLevel-based Hierarchy

Item

Type

Category

Define the businessrelationships


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Geography

Time

SALES FACT

TIME

INVENTORY

REGION

CUST

ITEM

ProductComplex Hierarchy

Model complexhierarchical relationships


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Parent

ChildrenDescendants


Geography

Time

SALES FACT

TIME

INVENTORY

REGION

CUST

ITEM

ProductHierarchical Relationships

Use family references tosimplify calculations


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Value of Dimensional MetadataTime Dimension Supports Any Calendar Type

Product

Geography

Time

SALES FACT

TIME

INVENTORY

REGION

CUST

ITEM Time dimension simplifiestime-series calculations

MARC

H

Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

8 9 10 11 12 13 14

15 16 17 18 19 20 21

22 23 24 25 26 27 28

29 30 31 Fiscal Year End


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Value of Dimensional MetadataDimensions Shared Across Cubes

Product

Sales Cube

Inventory Cube

SALES FACT

TIME

INVENTORY

REGION

CUST

ITEM

Time

Geography

Product

Time


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Value of Dimensional MetadataAggregation Rules

Product

Sales Cube

Inventory Cube

Aggregation Rules

Product: SumGeography: SumTime: Sum

Aggregation Rules

Product: SumTime: Hierarchical Last

SALES FACT

TIME

INVENTORY

REGION

CUST

ITEM

Time

Geography

Product

Time


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Value of Dimensional MetadataAnalytic Calculations Leverage Metadata

Calculations Sales YTD YTD Growth Market Share Product Alert Moving Average

Calculations Balance Inventory Cost

Stock Out

SALES FACT

TIME

INVENTORY

REGION

CUST

ITEM

Product

Sales Cube

Inventory Cube

Time

Geography

Product

Time


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Calculation Glide-PathSolution Scales with Calculation Complexity

Calculation definition options support most anyanalytic calculation requirements:

1. Calculation Templates

2. Calculation Expression Syntax

3. OLAP DML Programs, Functions and Models


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Calculation Templates

Choose from a wide range of common business calculations


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Calculation Expression Syntax

OLAP Expression Syntax: Patterned after SQL analytic and window functions

Extended to leverage unique properties of OLAP model

Can leverage OLAP DML code


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Calculation Expression SyntaxSimilarity to Standard SQL Syntax

Identical to SQL syntax for:

Single Row Functions

Approximately 90 single row functions are identical to SQL

Examples: nvl, nullif, to_date, ||, replace, etc.

Conditional Statements Supports standard comparative operators

Examples: case, decode, =, !=, etc.


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Calculation Expression SyntaxSQL Syntax Extended for OLAP Metadata

Enables a single calculation to span various levels ofaggregation

Leverages native understanding of hierarchical relationships

Requires no densification for time-series calculations

Includes the following functions:

MAX

MIN

RANK

ROW_NUMBER

SHARE

SUM

AVERAGE_RANK

AVG

COUNT

DENSE_RANK

HIER_ANCESTOR

HIER_CHILD_COUNT

HIER_DEPTH

HIER_LEVEL

HIER_PARENT

HIER_TOP

LAG

LAG_VARIANCE

LAG_VARIANCE_PERCENT

LEAD

LEAD_VARIANCE

LEAD_VARIANCE_PERCENT


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Calculation Expression SyntaxExample of Extended SQL Syntax

Window function example (RANK) One OLAP Expression is equivalent to several SQL rank

expressions

--OLAP

- Rank within parent at any level

RANK()OVER HIERARCHY

(PRODUCT.STANDARD ORDER BY SALES_CUBE.QUANTITY DESC NULLS

LASTWITHIN PARENT)

--SQL

--Rank departments

RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY total_product_id ORDER BY sales DESC NULLS LAST)

--Rank categories

RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY department_id ORDER BY sales DESC NULLS LAST)

--Rank types

RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY category_id ORDER BY sales DESC NULLS LAST)--Rank sub types

RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY type_id ORDER BY sales DESC NULLS LAST)

-- Rank items

RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY sub_type_id ORDER BY sales DESC NULLS LAST)


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Calculations Using OLAP DML

OLAP DML is a dimensionally aware procedural programminglanguage

Supports looping, conditional logic, multidimensionalselection and more

Includes hundreds of analytic functions

OLAP DML can be used:

Within a custom measure expression

To assign data to stored measures within a cube

Forecasts

Allocations Systems of expressions (a.k.a models)

Assignments based on user defined expressions


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Calculations Using OLAP DMLExample: Forecast

Scope the forecast

limit geography to geography_levelrel eq 'REGION'

limit product to product_levelrel eq 'TYPE'

limit channel to 'ALL_CHANNELS'

limit time to time_levelrel eq 'MONTH

"Set forecast parameters for 'best fit'fcset _handle APPROACH 'APPAUTO' periodicity 12 histperiods 36

"Execute the best-fit forecast

FCEXEC _handle time time INTO forecast_best_fit -

seasonal forecast_seasonal -

smseasonal forecast_smseasonal backcast -

sales_cube_sales


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Calculations Using OLAP DMLExample: Product Alert

Look at product sales for the children of the current product

Have they fallen compared to last year?

limit product to children using product_parentrel _product

limit product keep SALES_CUBE_SALES_PY_PCT_CHG lt 0

If any products meet the criteria return TRUE (an alert)if statlen(product) gt 0

then return true

else return false


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Cube ViewsAutomatically Synchronized with Cubes

Web Analysis

Smart Search

Smart Space

Desktop Gadgets

SmartView

Custom Application(SOAP, J2EE, .NetMDX, etc.)

Hyperion VisualExplorer

INVENTORY CUBE

GEOGRAPHY

TIME

PRODUCT

SALES CUBE


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Comparing "Star" Models

Time_View

Channel_ViewProduct_View

Geography_View

Sales_Cube_View

Single cube view contains manysummary levels

Calculations exposed ascolumns and computed in OLAPengine

ChannelsProducts

Geographies

Sales_Fact

Times

Fact table contains leaf data

Calculations computed inrelational engine using functionsin select list

TABLESCUBE VIEWS


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Generate OBIEE Metadata Over CubesAWM Plug-in Automates Process

Export cube metadata toOBIEE Administrator


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OBIEE Answers Leverages OLAPCalculations Computed in OLAP Engine


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Demonstrations

Demo

1. Create Calculations Using AWM

2. Query Cube Using SQL

3. Create an OBIEE Repository over Cubes4. Query Cubes Using OBIEE Answers


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For More Information

search.oracle.com

Oracle OLAP

Oracle Technology NetworkFor demonstrations, white papers, tutorials and more, visit:

http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/bi/olap/olap.html
http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/bi/olap/olap.htmlhttp://www.oracle.com/technology/products/bi/olap/olap.htmlhttp://www.oracle.com/technology/products/bi/olap/olap.html

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100113-Gubar-Slides-OLAP Cubes and OBI EE