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Greening your EdgeAre you a power savior or a power pig?

Francois Lemarchand <[email protected]>

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An Initial take:Per node power consumption

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2000

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10000

12000

14000

DSLAM Aggregation Edge Core

© Ericsson AB 2009 | Ericsson Internal | X (X) | Date

Most savings appear at first to be done on the Core Nodes

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Looking at efficiency:Power versus bandwidth


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DSLAM Aggregation Edge Core

But the biggest potential probably lies into the access layer

Driven by DSL

loop modulation

Driven by high touch

service processing

* *

* A given flow will need to cross multiple of these nodes in the network

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Silicon process evolution only compensate bandwidth growth

› Each generation of silicon process brings twice the

amount of transistor logic in the same cost / footprint /

power.– This could mean halving the power consumption every 2 years

– But the Internet and data bandwidth consumption is following

the same pattern (rough doubling every two years)

– Market pressure has caused to reinvest this capital in network

performance instead of power savings


Technology will bring significant bandwidth efficiency

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Power savvy technology design is need for a visible change

› The key is to dynamically put to idle

unused capacity– CPU manufacturer have shown the potential of this

option. It will come to Network Processor over time:› Semi dynamic: i.e. putting down to idle backup

linecards / or silicon handling specific port group

› Fully dynamic: Clock / power adjustment based on

dynamic traffic load

› At the network level critical savings are

must come from the access– High promises from adaptive DSL modulation


Node level power savings are dependant from innovations

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Network architecture optimization

› Optimization of the power consumption of

individual nodes lead to significant Opex

savings– I.e. Loaded cost of KW/H per year up to $2000

– 5KW node over 5 years = $50K

› Optimization of the network architecture

can lead to additional Opex but also

Capex savings

› While node level optimization is

dependant on the vendors roadmap the

operators are in full control of the network

architecture

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IP Routing, L3VPN

MPLS

Optical

Cost/POWER per bit hierarchyOptimize network complexity

› Service Node – L3/L4/L5

service point: Fixed (BNG) or

Mobile packet GW, Enterprise

L3PE w/Security, Video Edge

w/Caching etc…

› L3 Edge / Border Node: L2

termination and IP transport

› Core / Transport Node: pure

MPLS L2 switching, no

edge services.

› Optical L1 moving to

OOO ROADM

PWE / CES / Bridging

IP Services (Subscribers,

IP Flows, Application)

PGW SBG CDN DPI IPS

Vo

ice

Mo

bile

Vid

eo

En

terp

rise V

PN

Inte

rnet

En

terp

rise E

LIN

E, E

LA

N

Leg

acy A

TM

/ TD

M tra

nsp

ort

› L2 Edge / BN: L2 service

point: PWE ingress/egress,

L2 interworking, QoS, security

© Ericsson AB 2010 | Ericsson Internal | Aggregation Routing Strategy (draft12) | 17 feb 2010

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Core to access scale factorIncreased returns in the outer ring


10-100’s of Core routers & optical switches

100-1000’s of Service Edge nodes

1-10,000’s of Aggregation nodes

10-100,000’s of Access nodes

Millions of connections, devices

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Fully Consolidated Edge Modelanother angle at power savings

Users &

Devices

Access Services

VoIP

L2/L3VPN

MobileServices

Internet & VOD

Video/IPTV

Servers

IP Edge

L3 PEFunctions

L2 PEFunctions

Eth AggFunctions

SBCFunctions

DPIFunctions

MobilityFunctions

BRASFunctions

Need to balance consolidation with induced operational impacts

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Intelligence placementbalance scalability and power cost

› Over time centralized intelligent functions had been distributed further toward the

edge in order to scale with the bandwidth constraints. But it needs to be

balanced by the induced opex and capex and power efficiency cost.

› Technology improvements do not change fundamentally that balance– Allow to build smarter functions with limited cost impact on the access nodes

– But also allows to build bigger Service Nodes for the same price

– Besides BW intelligence level also keeps increasing (LI, DPI, Mobility, v6, NAT…)


BW per node

# of Nodes

intelligence

Sweet

Spot

- Peering opt.

- Content opt.

+ Capex

+ Opex

Keeping the aggregation/access simple optimizes the power

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T2CO

T3CO T2CO

T3CO

T3CO

T3COT2CO

T2COT1CO

T1CO S PoPCell site

S PoP

T2CO

T3CO T2CO

T3CO

T3CO

T3COT2CO

T2COT1CO

T1CO S PoPCell site

S PoP

Transport & Metro convergencePacket optical transport (POTP)

› Provides the BW efficiency of packet based multiplexing in the

transport layer for native packet services or emulated TDM circuits

› Allows to subsume overlay metro network capabilities into the transport

layer – a single layer of transport equipment to carry enterprise,

residential, fixed, mobile and wholesale traffic.

› Running a single integrated control plane / NMS across the packet and

optical layer allows to optimize the mapping between the optical

resources and the packet network transit


Core

Core

Core

Core

PGW/RNC

Enter. L2L3

Fixed GW

10,000’s T2CO’s10,000’s+ T3CO’s Few National PoPs10’s Core PoPs100’s Service PoPs1000’s T1 CO’s

Native packet mux & mcast

L2PEL2PE

L2PE L2PE

Packet & Optical Transport PlatformAll Optical transport

IP/MPLS routing

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Optimize packet with opticalBut avoids the overlay Model

› OTN layers allows to efficiently multiplex packet and TDM transparent

services into the same lambda.

› As packet services are becoming predominant it makes sense to map

them directly over a lambda – integrating the WDM/OTN optics directly

into the packet switching function to optimize the processing

› Further optimizations are possible by doing a selective bypass of

certain traffic flows (i.e. toward centralized video hosting or internet

peering points)


MPLS

Optical

SDH/OTN

OTN

switch

Internet

Peering

L3PEL3PEL3PE

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There is an elephant in the roomcapex is in but the opex is out?

› Over time the home gateway has grown in functionality / complexity.

Today’s home GW can consume up to 15W. With the introduction of

IPTV decoders the power per home is rising to the 20-30W range.

› Today’s HGW & STB have received a limited focus on developing

power savings versus functionalities => always on

› It is urgent to introduce power saving functions


DSL

Modem

Routing Firewall

NAT

VOIP/SIP WIFI

Home Gateway

Set Top Box MPEG decoder Hard Drive

= 10-15W

= 15-20W

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10

Millions

What does it mean when applied to the 70M US Broadband lines?


2 Households powered during a year

MillionsTons of Co2 emission

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Power Per subscriberAccess drives 95% of the power


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Home DSLAM Edge Core

1W 0.01W 0.0001W

How do drive back household power requirements?

95% of fixed

broadband network

power consumption

5% power

Epsilon

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Simplification of the home 1/4Network based VOIP GW function

› A number of operators have chosen to integrate the VOIP client into the

Home GW. But centralization into a network equipement such as the

MSAN can provide significant opex & power savings

› It also facilitates the migration of the fixed voice customer to a cost

effective VOIP access GW.


Network SIP Client

integration in the

MSAN

HGW

STB

Access Node BNG Edge

Aggregation

Network

POTS phone

HGW based SIP

client

@

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Simplification of the home 1/4Carrier Grade NAT and Bridge HGW

› In order to address IPv4 address depletion carriers will progressively

introduce a network based NAT function to allows sharing of NAT

public pools between more customers (native IPv6 in the longer term)

› This provides an opportunity to simplified the HGW and perform L3/L4

functions at the BNG Edge instead. HGW back to a bridge modem.


HGW

STB


Aggregation

Network@

Private IPv4 to

public IPv4 NAT

Carrier Grade NAT

At the BNG

Configuration as

transparent bridge

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Simplification of the home 1/4Network based PVR

› Network based PVR & Catch’up TV functions get an increased level of

popularity and acceptance by the content providers

› Incidentally it also provides significant capex, opex and power reduction

by removing the requirement to support hard drive and recording

functions on the STB.


HGW

STB


Aggregation

Network@

Personal PVR

Network PVR

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Simplification of the home 1/4Open IPTV & Native IPTV clients

› There is a growing commitment of the industry – Service Providers,

Telecom Vendors & Consumer electronic companies to support

standard IPTV specifications and interfaces (Open IPTV Forum)

› One of the benefit is to allow the TV set providers to integrate native

IPTV functions into the TV set – and for operators to suppress STB


HGW

STB


Aggregation

Network@

X

TV with integrated

IPTV capabilities

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Green your accessit starts at the Edge

› Vendors will gradually introduce green

technology design over time

› Operators should consider their network

architecture design with an holistic

approach to bring power / capex and

opex savings.

› Priorities must be set to the home /

access / aggregation where volumes can

drive the most significant savings

› The IP Edge is as a power saving enabler

– key to simplify the architecture of the

home, access and aggregation layers.

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