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Biology 12 Chapter 12 Assignment: The Nervous System
1 mark each answer (unless otherwise stated)
1. Describe the structure and function of the nervous system structures listed below.
Structure Structure & Function
1. Dendrite
2. Cell body
3. Axon
4. Axon bulb/synaptic ending
5. Schwaan cell
6. Myelin
7. Nodes of Ranvier
8. Neurotransmitter
9. Sensory receptor
10. Sensory neuron
11. Interneuron
12. Motor neuron
13. Effector
2. Compare and contrast motor and sensory neurons.
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Sensory Neuron Motor Neuron
3. Label the following Action Potential graph with the following terms: Membrane potential in millivolts, Time in milliseconds, resting potential (use twice), repolarization, refractory period, and depolarization.
4. Describe resting potential; include millivolts.
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5. Describe depolarization; include millivolts.
6. Describe repolarization; include millivolts.
7. Describe refractory; include millivolts.
8. Draw a picture of the neuron at resting by including the distribution of ions labelled correctly.
9. Why do nerve impulses normally travel in one direction only?
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10. Explain how an action potential travels on a myelinated neuron compared to an unmyelinated neuron.
11. Define “synapse” and describe the process of transmitting a nerve impulse between neurons as shown in the picture above and below.
12. Label the following image of a synapse:
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13. A single neuron is connected to many other neurons by synapses. Explain how synaptic integration determines if a nerve impulse is generated or not generated in a neuron.
14. Describe a reflex. Include the order of all structures and provide two examples of reflexes for the human body. (2 marks)
15. What are the two main divisions of the Nervous System?
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16. How are the brain and spinal cord protected?
17. Name the two divisions of the peripheral nervous system. Which body functions are controlled by each division?
18. What are the two branches of the autonomic nervous system?
19. Name the “fight-or-flight” division of the nervous system, identify the hormone identify the hormone (neurotransmitter) involved, state the source of this hormone and give three effects that the hormone has on the body.
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division name:
hormone:
source gland:
3 effects on the body:
i)
ii)
iii)
20. Name the “relaxed or digestive state” division of the nervous system, identify the hormone (neurotransmitter) involved, the enzyme that hydrolyzes the neurotransmitter and give three effects that the hormone has on the body.
division name:
hormone:
enzyme:
3 effects on the body:i)
ii)
iii)
21. Explain how the adrenal glands are involved in the body’s response to stressful situations.
22. Label the brain below and include the functions of each structure in the table provided.
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3
2 1
4
Structure Function
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
23. Label the brain below and include the functions of each structure in the table provided.
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Structure Function
1.
2.
3.
4.
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