1 - Busines InfoSys

8/9/2019 1 - Busines InfoSys

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BUSINESS INFORMATIONBUSINESS INFORMATION

SYSTEMS:SYSTEMS:An OverviewAn Overview


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Digital B!"ine""Digital B!"ine""


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Ol# v"$ Newv"$ ewEconomyEconomy

!" Bu#ing and selling textboo$

%" &egistering for classes

'" Photograph#

(" Pa#ing for )asoline

*" Pa#ing for Transportation

+" Pa#ing for goods

" uppl#ing commercial photos

" Entertainment

." /ecturing 0 Teaching students


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%nowle#ge%nowle#ge&or'er"&or'er"

people 1ho are often called2professionals"3

4n#one 1hose 1or$ in5ol5es

the production and use ofinformation is a $no1ledge1or$er"

These people are increasingl#dependent on IT for their 1or$"


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6h# 7o People 8eedInformation9

Indi5iduals - Enlightenment andentertainment

Businesses - 7ecision ma$ing and

problem sol5ing)athering

toring

anipulating

INFORMATIONINFORMATION

SYSTEMSSYSTEMS


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Data( In)ormation(Data( In)ormation(

an# Sy"tem"an# Sy"tem"7ata 5s" Information7ata

4 2gi5en,3 or fact: a number, astatement, or a picture

The ra1 materials in the production ofinformation

Information7ata that ha5e meaning 1ithin a context

&a1 data or data that ha5e beenmanipulated


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7ata anipulationExample: customer sur5e#&eading through data collected from

a customer sur5e# 1ith ;uestions in5arious categories 1ould be time-consuming and not 5er# helpful"

6hen manipulated, the sur5e#sma# pro5ide useful information"

Data( In)ormation(Data( In)ormation(

an# Sy"tem"an# Sy"tem"


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Data( In)ormation(Data( In)ormation(an# Sy"tem"an# Sy"tem"

)enerating Information

Computer-based Is ta$e data as ra1 material, process it,and produce information as output"

Figure 1.1Input-process-output


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Data( In)ormation( an# Sy"temData( In)ormation( an# Sy"tem

Figure 1.2Characteristics of useful information


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&*at I" a Sy"tem+&*at I" a Sy"tem+

#stem: 4 set of components that 1or$together to achie5e a common goal

ubs#stem: One part of a s#stem 1herethe products of more than one s#stem

are combined to reach an ultimate goalClosed s#stem: tand-alone s#stem that

has no contact 1ith other s#stems

Open s#stem: #stem that interfaces

1ith other s#stems


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a a( n orma on(Sy"tem"

Several subsystems make up this corporate accounting system.


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In)ormation an#In)ormation an#Manager"Manager"

#stems thin$ing

Creates a frame1or$ for

problem sol5ing and decisionma$ing"


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e ene " oe ene " o.!man/0om1!ter.!man/0om1!ter

SynergySynergy #nerg# 6hen combined resources produce

output that exceeds the sum of theoutputs of the same resourcesemplo#ed separatel#

4llo1s human thought to be

translated into e=cientprocessing of large amounts ofdata

2 liti ) . # 0 t t* t2 liti ) . # 0 t t* t


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2!alitie" o) .!man" an# 0om1!ter" t*at2!alitie" o) .!man" an# 0om1!ter" t*at0ontri3!te0ontri3!teto Synergyto Synergy

0 tt


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0om1onent" oom1onent" oIn)ormation Sy"temIn)ormation Sy"tem

I 4 O


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In1!t/4roce""/O!t1!t/In1!t/4roce""/O!t1!t/Storage Device"Storage Device"


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ManagementManagement0*allenge"0*allenge"

6h# information s#stems9Contemporar#

approaches to information

s#stems8e1 role of info s#stems

in organizations

/earning to use info

s#stems: ne1opportunities 1ithtechnolog#


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In)ormationIn)ormationSy"tem"Sy"tem"

de>ned as a set of interrelatedcomponents that collect ?orretrie5e@, process, store, anddistribute information to supportdecision ma$ing and control in anorganization"

contain information about

signi>cant people, places, andthings 1ithin the organization or inthe en5ironment surrounding it"

0 t t )0 t t )


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0onte5t o)0onte5t o)In)ormation Sy"temIn)ormation Sy"tem


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0om1!ter/3a"e#0om1!ter/3a"e#In)ormation Sy"tem"In)ormation Sy"tem"

60BIS760BIS7Aormal s#stems that rel#

on computer technolog#

Aixed de>nitions of data,procedures

Collecting, storing,

processing,disseminating, usingdata


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!.*s:Technical Changes

+s-s:

anagerialControl

s-.s:

Institutional Core4cti5ities

Sco1e o) In)oSco1e o) In)oSy"tem"Sy"tem"


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0ategorie" o)0ategorie" o)

In)ormation Sy"tem"In)ormation Sy"tem"

Transaction processing s#stems?TP@"

O=ce automation s#stems ?O4@"

cialIntelligence ?4I@"

T tiT ti


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an information s#stem that captures andprocesses data generated during anorganizations da#-to-da# transactionsD

TP computerizes an existing manuals#stem to allo1 for faster processing,reduced clerical costs and impro5edcustomer ser5ice"&ecording a business acti5it# such as a

students registration, a customers order,an emplo#ees timecard or a clientspa#ment"

O/TP ?Online TP@- the computerprocesses transactions as the# are entered"

Tran"actionTran"action4roce""ing4roce""ing

Sy"tem 6T4S7Sy"tem 6T4S7

O cece


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an information s#stem thatuses hard1are, soft1are and

net1or$s to enhance 1or$ o1and facilitate communicationsamong emplo#ees"O=ce Producti5it# Tools ?i"e"

O=ce, 6ord, Excel, Po1erpoint@

O ceceA!tomationA!tomation

Sy"tem 6OAS7Sy"tem 6OAS7

M tManagement


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an information s#stem thatgenerates accurate, timel# and

organized information somanagers and other users canma$e decisions, sol5eproblems, super5ise acti5ities,

and trac$ progressD oftenintegrated 1ith TP"

ManagementManagementIn)ormationIn)ormation

Sy"tem 6MIS7Sy"tem 6MIS7

MM t


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Sy"tem"Sy"tem"T#pes of Is7ecision upport #stems ?7@

Often ans1er 21hat if93 ;uestionsProduction of reports that recap

dail# sales acti5itiesD list customers1ith past due account balancesD

graph slo1 or fast selling productsDand highlight in5entor# items thatneed reordering


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Sy"tem"Sy"tem"Executi5e Information #stems

?EI@

4 special t#pe of 7Can gather information from 5ast

amounts of data for high-le5elexecuti5es

Gighl# useful in control andplanning


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E51ert Sy"temE51ert Sy"teman information s#stem that

captures and stores the $no1ledgeof human experts and then imitates

human reasoning and decision-ma$ing processes for those 1hoha5e less expertiseD one part of anexciting branch of computer

science called arti>cial intelligence

NN


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NewNew

Tec*nologie"Tec*nologie" 8e1 technologies are beingintegrated into traditionals#stems:

Ecommerce uses the 6eb toperform business acti5ities"

Enterprise &esource Planning ?E&P@has the goal of integrating man#diHerent information s#stems 1ithinthe corporation"6ireless and handheld de5ices,

including mobile commerce?mcommerce@"

In ormat onn ormat on


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In ormat onn ormat onSy"tem"Sy"tem"

in B!"ine""in B!"ine""Is in Aunctional Business4reas4ccounting&ecord business transactions,

produce periodic >nancialstatements, and create reportsre;uired b# la1

AinanceOrganize budgets, manage the o1

of cash, anal#ze in5estments, andma$e decisions that could reduceinterest pa#ments and increase

re5enues



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in B!"ine""in B!"ine""ar$eting4nal#ze demand for 5arious

products in diHerent regionsand population groups

Guman &esourcesGelp 1ith record $eeping and

emplo#ee e5aluation



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in B!"ine""in B!"ine""Is in 7iHerent Business

ectors

anufacturing4llocate resources such as

personnel, ra1 material, and time

Control in5entor#, process customerorders, prepare production

schedules, perform ;ualit#assurance, and prepare shippingdocuments

In)ormationIn)ormation


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In)ormationIn)ormationSy"tem"Sy"tem"

in B!"ine""in B!"ine"")o5ernmentTax authorities, national

insurance and 1elfare agencies,defense departments, economicorganizations, immigrationauthorities

er5iceIs are often the bac$bone of

ser5ice organizations



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in B!"ine""in B!"ine""&etailome retail stores ?e"g", 6al-art,


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Ty1e" o) IS vi"/9/vi"Ty1e" o) IS vi"/9/vi"F!nctional Area"F!nctional Area"


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&*y St!#y IS+&*y St!#y IS+


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Managerial I""!e"Managerial I""!e" &ecognizing opportunities for

using IT and 6eb-based s#stems" 6ho 1ill build, operate, and

maintain the information s#stems"

Go1 much IT9 Go1 much and GO6 important is

IT9

Is the situation going to change9 )lobalization"

Ethics and social issues"

T f i h i i

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1 - Busines InfoSys