RIGHT CORNER >: 1) Write: Name: _, Period: _, Date: 04/02/12, Topic: Post WW1 China+Japan

LEFT CORNER <: Write “Opener #21” and then:

1) Write 1 high+1 low in last 24 hours2) Rate your comprehension for this week’s material so far: lost<1-5>easy3) Respond to the Opener by writing at least 1 sentences about:Your opinions/thoughts OR/AND

Questions sparked by the clip OR/AND

Summary of the clip OR/AND

Announcements: None

Agenda1) Post WW1 China + Japan

What you will be able to do:1) Why did Japan become ultra nationalist?

Reminder1) Fieldtrip forms and $8 to fin office!

Review1) Meiji Restoration (1868-1912): Ppl ashamed of

their weakness to the West, overthrow shogun and place emperor in power. (Emperor Mutsuhitito takes name of Meiji Emperor “Enlightened”)

2) Fokoku Kyohei: Emperor’s command for the country: “Rich country, Strong Military”

3) Meiji Reforms: 1) Copied German Gov + Constitution: Treat

people equally, strong rule of law, but emperor in total control (like the German Kaiser)

2) Send Students/Observers: To all western countries to learn and copy

3) Gov Targeted Investments: Gov spent tax money to create biz in key areas, sell off later

4) Modernize Military: With strong economy, buy western weapons

5) Modernize Economy: Set up mail, railroads, telegraphs, banks, schools/colleges (esp. tech)

6) Hire Western Experts: Goal of having them teach Japanese, then send experts away and have Japanese teach Japanese

4) Opening of Korea (1876): Japan opens Korea the way Perry opened Japan

5) 1st Sino-Japanese War (1894-95): Fighting for influence of Korea, Japan wins Taiwan and Chinese ports near Taiwan (accelerates fall of Qing Empire)

6) Russo-Japanese War (1904-05): Fighting for influence of Korea, Japan wins Korea and parts of Manchuria, wipes out entire Russian fleet (1st Asian nation to defeat European in modern times, accelerates fall of the czar)

7) Korean Protectorate (1910-1945): Japanmodernizes Kor. and forces Jap. culture on them.Some Kor. independence fighters move to U.S.(Japan also picks up Ger. Asian territory in WWI)8) March First Movement (3/01/1919): Failed nonviolent protest against Japanese rule, 7,000 die.

Review

1) Chinese Nationalist Party: Kuomintang/KMT (1912): Sun’s attempt to create a party to unify China, gets help from Russia. Communist were active members.

2) Chiang Kai Shek (1887-1975): Takes over KMT after Sun, attempts to unify China and purge communist.

3) Chinese Communist Party/CCP (1921): Soviets help found communist party, unique in based on farmer support (Maoism). Break from KMT in 1927

4) Northern Exhibition (1926–1927): Chiang conquers warlords in north.

5) Chinese Civil War, Part 1 (1927-1936): Chiang Kai-shek fights to purge KMT nationalist of CCP communists, weakening China.

(China’s founder Sun welcome communist into KMT to keep China together and because Soviets gave China aid)

Notes #21a, Title: “Japanese Militarism Notes” 1) League of Nations: Club of nations to prevent

war, no power (US Pres. Wilson’s idea, US won’t join)

2) Kellogg-Briand Pact (1925): Major nations incld. Japan, Italy, Germany pledge never to invade other countries. (World celebrate lasting peace!)

Notes #26a, Title: “Japanese Militarism Notes” 3) Taisho Democracy (1920s): Jap. becomes

democratic monarchy. Elected diet (legislature) holds power.

4) Political Corruption: Giant companies (zaibatsus) bought influence over politicians

5) Economic Conflict: Recession, global tariffs, labor conflict over wages (Communism rises)

1920s American Culture: US made $, lost few ppl in WWI, US culture dominated the world: jazz+swing music, sexualized lifestyle, more individuality

Mobo/Moga (Modern Boy/Modern Girl): Young Japanese rebel against traditional culture + adopt Western ways. Conservatives argued Western idea weakening Jap. obedience.

6) National Crisis: a) 1923: Tokyo Earthquakeb) Gov corruption + labor conflict peaksc) 1929: US/Global Great Depression

7) Ultranationalists: Rise to power with belief that strong gov (military gov) needed to restore national power + restore Jap. traditions.

8) Ultranationalist Methods: a) Assassinate political oppositionb) Use schools to make ppl worship the new

Emperor Hirohito (Emperor symbol for military)c) Limit political freedomd) Expand military + conquer land to Jap. ppl

economically (wealth+glory)

Notes #26b, Title: “Japanese Militarism Notes” 9) Manchuria Incident (1931): Ultranationalist take

over democracy, military fakes attack on Jap. railroad in Chinese Manchuria, Jap invades.

10) League of Nations Protest: League has no tools to punish. Jap. ignores and quits league.

1931-Japan invades Manchuria33-Hitler takes power37-Japan reaches mainland

China38-Appeasement39-Hitler+Stalin invades Poland40-Battle of Britain41-Hitler invades USSR41-Japan attacks Pearl Harbor

(US joins war)42-Battle of Stalingrad Battle of Midway43-Allies win in Africa44-D-Day2/45-Japan inflicts heavy loses

in island campaign (Okinawa)4/45 Hitler commits suicide8/45 Atomic bombs, war over!

Overview

11) Japan Invades China (1937): Need for resources.

Activ #21a, “Japanese War Debate”1) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write

which you choose and explain why.2) Then write down what your partner thinks

(include their name at the end).1 2 3 4 5

CON: Do not invade.1) We can trade for raw materials.

2) Because other nations do wrong, it doesn’t give us license to do the same

3) We are not helping Asians by invading them

PRO: Invade China1) We need raw materials and land for our people2) If we don’t invade, the Westerners will continue to expand, we must increase Japan’s power.3) It is our duty+destiny to civilize Asia

Notes #22a, Title: “Rape of Nanking”

1) Rape of Nanking (1937): Jap. progress slows at Nanking capitol, Jap. kill 200,000+ Chinese in frustration.

Activ #22a, “Rape of Nanking Debate”1) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write

which you choose and explain why.2) Then write down what your partner thinks

(include their name at the end).1 2 3 4 5

CON: Needs to be Taught1) 200,000+ civilians died, to say it’s just a minor incident insults those who died

2) The more violent it is, the more we need to remember, so not to repeat it

PRO: Doesn’t Need to be Taught1) It was one specific incident, not representative of the Japanese people

2) It’s too violent to teach

Acitv #22b, Title “Rape of Nanking”Individually read each, and answer:1-4) Write down what you consider the main idea/event of each document (rotate through all 4):Schooling, Killing Contest, Torture, Psychology

Then with your group come up with a group answer:5) Why did the Rape of Nanking happen? (Insight into Humanity)6) Japan calls 1937 the “Nanking Incident,” is it important that Japan acknowledge their actions?7) Should Japan now in 2009 apologize and pay reparations (compensation) for surviving victims, if so how much?8) Can this happen anywhere AND how can we prevent future atrocities like this in the future? (Lessons Learned)

“We learn these difficult events because societies ‘who do not remember the past are condemned to repeat it.’By being witness of our past, we can pledge ‘never again’ so that they did not die in vain.”

Title “Video: Nanking Incident”

1) Copy Source Title: Rape of Nanking

2…) Discuss questions on the board with a partner. Summarize your discussion (include their name at the end). Remember participation points are deducted if off task. 5 Reading/Film Qs Come From These Work SectionsTime Bookmark: 5:00, 24:00, 46:00Time Bookmark: 54:00

Violence begins with indifference. Indifference is not hate, it’s not caring. When there is indifference, there is violence.

To prevent evil, one has to know evil.

Stages to the Descent of Humanity Stage 1: Dehumanize the target

Yokohama 1894

Title “Video: Nanking Incident”

1) Copy Source Title: City of Life and Death

2…) Discuss questions on the board with a partner. Summarize your discussion (include their name at the end). Remember participation points are deducted if off task. 5 Reading/Film Qs Come From These Work SectionsTime Bookmark: 5:00, 24:00, 46:00Time Bookmark: 54:00

Violence begins with indifference. Indifference is not hate, it’s not caring. When there is indifference, there is violence.

Review1) Manchuria Incident (1931): Ultranationalist take over

democracy, military fakes attack on Jap. railroad in Chinese Manchuria, Jap invades.

2) League of Nations Protest: League has no tools to punish. Jap. ignores and quits league.

3) Japan Invades Rest of China (1937): KMT forced to join with CCP to fight Japan.

4) Rape of Nanking (1937): Jap. progress slows at Nanking capitol, Jap. kill 200,000+ Chinese in frustration.

Review1) 9/01/1939: Ger. invades Poland, UK+France

decl. war. WWII Eur. has started (WWII Asia 37)

Notes #22b, Title: “WWII: Asia” 1) South East Asia’s Lure: Japan needed raw

materials from British + French colonies

2) 12/07/1941: Pearl Harbor: Japan decl. war on US, Ger. decl. war on US (12/11). (US won’t open Western Front in France, Stalin thinks on purpose)

Activ #22b, “Pearl Harbor Debate”1) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write

which you choose and explain why.2) Then write down what your partner thinks

(include their name at the end).1 2 3 4 5

CON: End Expansion1) We have gained enough land, if we stop now, we won’t need more raw materials

2) No matter how successful the attack, US will out last us in the end

PRO: Attack US1) When we take S. Asia 4 materials, US will decl war

2) A surprise attack will cripple US long enough for Japan to gain enough land to be a position to negotiate a peace with US

Notes #22c, Title: “WWII: Asia” 3) 12/1941-5/1942: Japanese Expansion: Japanese

win every battle

4) 5/1942: Battle of Coral Sea: Fought purely by aircraft, first Jap. “defeat.” Jap. Both lose 1 carrier.

5) 6/1942: Battle of Midway: Jap loss 4 carriers, US 1 Tides turned.

Review: 7/1942: Battle of Stalingrad: Bogged in street fighting, 2 mil die (deadliest battle in history) USSR surrounds + captures 500,000. Tides turned.

6) 8/1942-4/1945: Island Hopping: US takes islands to island, est. airbases as they go.

7) 10/1944: Battle of Leyte Gulf: Jap. employ+lose every last ship, 1st kamikazes used, only Jap. army left (largest naval battle in history: Jap. lose 4 carriers, 3 battleships, 8 cruisers, 12 destroyers)

Review: 4/1945: Invasion of Berlin: a) USSR reaches Berlin first, followed by US+UK.b) Hitler commits suicide: VE Day: 5/08/1945c) 100,000 Germans raped by USSR troops

(USSR never punished for this)d) Capital Berlin divided in 4: US/UK/USSR/France

8) All of 1945: Japanese Firebombing: US bombs Jap. cities, 80,000 to 100,000 each run.

"They set to work at once sowing the sky with fire."

6/4/1945 Issue of Newsweek:"Six weeks ago Tokyo had a population of nearly 7,000,000. Last week the Japs cried that Tokyo no longer existed as a city. Using new techniques and new bombs, the largest fleets of B-29s ever to take the air and turned most of the Japanese capital into ashes in two great strikes on May 24 and 26....For 105 minutes the Superfortresses filed over and dropped 700,000 incendiary bombs. ”

Title “Video: Firebombing”

1) Copy Source Title: Graves of the Fireflies

2…) Discuss questions on the board with a partner. Summarize your discussion (include their name at the end). Remember participation points are deducted if off task. 5 Reading/Film Qs Come From These Work SectionsTime Bookmark: 00:00

Notes #22b, Title: “WWII: Asia” 9) 2-4/1945: Battle of Iwo Jima + Okinawa: US

invasion of Jap. home islands, only Jap. army left, but suicidal resistance (30-80% US casualty rate).

“I hear that the enemy is boasting of his demand for unconditional surrender of Japan. Unconditional surrender means that our national structure and our people will be destroyed. Against such boastful talk there is only one measure we must take, to fight to the last.” –Pr. Suzuki, 6/09/1945

Activ #22c, “Atomic Debate 1”1) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write

which you choose and explain why.2) Then write down what your partner thinks

(include their name at the end).1 2 3 4 5

CON: Don’t Use A-bomb1) Jap. is surrounded and starving, we can win without it

2) To be 1st to use such a awful weapon is not what’s good for US’ image and future

PRO: Use A-bomb1) Using the bomb will prevent the need of an invasion of Japan that will cost more lives on both sides

2) We need to show USSR we aren’t afraid of them(our next enemy)

Notes #22c, Title: “End of WWII” 10) 7/1945: Atomic Bomb: New US Pres. Truman

notified $2 bil (08: $25 bil) bomb project successful

Notes #22c, Title: “End of WWII” 11) 1945: Cold War Begins: As Axis falls, fear of USSR

(Communism) rise. USSR likely to keep control of any land they invade (nukes a msg to the Russians)

Activ #22d, “Atomic Debate 2”1) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write

which you choose and explain why.2) Then write down what your partner thinks

(include their name at the end).1 2 3 4 5

CON: Drop Over Isolated Area1) They can get the msg by watching.

2) We can end the war without costing anyone more lives.

PRO: Drop Over City1) We need to show we mean business. To warn or to drop elsewhere will not carry the full effect.

2) USSR will think the US is weak.

Notes #22d, Title: “End of WWII” 12) 8/06/1945: Hiroshima: Warned of “utter destructio

n” if no surrender, no response, 140,000 die.

Activ #22e, “Atomic Debate 3”1) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write

which you choose and explain why.2) Then write down what your partner thinks

(include their name at the end).1 2 3 4 5

CON: Don’t Drop Second1) They only had 3 days to consider.

2) We can end the war without costing anyone more lives.

PRO: Drop Second1) They still didn’t surrender, USSR getting close, we don’t want to share Japan.

2) We need the USSR to think we have more, not just (though we really didn’t have more than 2)

“We are in possession of the most destructive explosive ever devised by man. A single one of our newly developed atomic bombs is actually the equivalent in explosive power to what 2000 of our giant B-29s can carry on a single mission. This awful fact is one for you to ponder and we solemnly assure you it is grimly accurate. We have just begun to use this weapon against your homeland. If you still have any doubt, make inquiry as to what happened to Hiroshima… we ask that you now petition the Emperor to end the war. Our president has outlined for you the thirteen consequences of an honorable surrender.”

Reflection #20 (place at the end of today’s work)

Pick the 1 most important thing you learned today to share with your partner.

1) Write down the main idea of today.(include their name).

2) Summarize Mr. Chiang’s closing remarks

Homework: 1) Study today’s notes + activity

sections for a possible Notes/Activity Quiz.2) Follow your reading schedule

Activity Check: If your name is called, drop off your Activity with Mr. Chiang (if requested, points lost if your Activity is not turned in)